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Chaudhary A, Nayak D, Pandey S, Shastri V, Kamble M, Pendse V, Prajapati V, Vaidya B, Rohit H, Beedmani S, Presswala N, Patole T, Bawaskar R, Shinde V, Datta M, Rai G, Prusty U, Pal PP, Goli SP, Sahoo AR, Muraleedharan KC, Prakash P, Mahajan A, Singh A, Krishnan R, Pawaskar N, Srivastava A, Ningthoujam GD, Sadarla RK, Sonny R, Karso L, Sarkar S, Prasad S, Shrivastava AK, Kumar A, Kumar N, Raveendar C, Kumar BR, Sastry V, Dasari A, Sundeep KS, Kaushik S, Rath P, Gautam S, Shil RC, Swain TL, Reddy GRC, Pradeep S, Stevenson S, Choubey G, Debata L, Khurana A. Association between Usage of Prophylactic AYUSH Medicines and Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. HOMEOPATHY 2024. [PMID: 38714214 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior vaccination is often studied for its impact on individuals' post-infection prognosis. Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) medicines, advised by the Government of India as prophylaxis during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, were consumed by the masses in 2020. A study was therefore undertaken to observe any association between the prior usage of AYUSH prophylactic medicines and post-infection severity as reported by recovered COVID-19 individuals. METHODS This was a retrospective, multi-centre, cohort study conducted in 21 cities of India from 5th August to 30th November 2020. Data from recovered COVID-19 patients, of either sex or any age, captured information about AYUSH prophylactic medicines intake prior to infection, disease severity, symptomatology, duration of complaints, etc. The study participants were grouped into AYUSH intake and non-intake. Primary composite outcome was the disease clinical course. Secondary clinical outcomes were the rate of and time to clinical recovery. RESULTS Data of 5,023 persons were analysed. Ayurveda or homeopathic prophylactic medicines were consumed by more than half of the study participants: that is, 56.85% (n = 1,556) and 56.81% (n = 1,555) respectively. The overall adjusted protective effect (PE) of AYUSH prophylactic intake against moderate/severe forms of COVID-19 disease was 56.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48.7 to 63.50; p < 0.001). Adjusted PE for homeopathy and Siddha was 52.9% (95% CI, 42.30 to 61.50; p < 0.001) and 59.8% (95% CI, 37.80 to 74.10; p < 0.001), respectively. A statistically significant association was found between AYUSH prophylactic medicine intake and clinical recovery more frequently by the 3rd day of illness (χ2 = 9.01; p = 0.002). Time to resolution of symptoms in the AYUSH intake group was on average 0.3 days earlier than in the non-intake group (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION AYUSH prophylactics were associated with statistically significant levels of protection against COVID-19 disease severity. Amongst these, previous intake of homeopathy or Siddha medicines was associated with some protection against moderate/severe illness and with a somewhat quicker clinical recovery. Prospective studies with experimental research design are needed to validate the findings of this study. STUDY REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2020/08/027000).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Chaudhary
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Debadatta Nayak
- Epidemic Cell, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Swati Pandey
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Vipul Shastri
- Department of Pathology, Vidhyadeep Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Kamble
- Department of Gynaecology, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Vidya Pendse
- Department of F.M.T, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Vismay Prajapati
- Department of Organon and Homeopathic Philosophy, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Brijesh Vaidya
- Department of Physiology, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Heenal Rohit
- Department of Anatomy, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Swaroopa Beedmani
- Department of Gynaecology, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Nutan Presswala
- Department of Community Medicine, C.D. Pachchigar Homeopathic Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejaswini Patole
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramesh Bawaskar
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaishali Shinde
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohua Datta
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Gunjan Rai
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Umakanta Prusty
- Department of Clinical Research, Drug Proving Unit (H), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Partha Pratim Pal
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr Anjali Chatterjee Regional Research Institute (H), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Siva Prasad Goli
- Department of Clinical Research, Homeopathy Research Institute for Disabilities, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amulya Ratna Sahoo
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - K C Muraleedharan
- Department of Clinical Research, National Homeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Pooja Prakash
- Department of Clinical Research, National Homeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Ashish Mahajan
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Research Institute Homeopathy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Research Institute Homeopathy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Reetha Krishnan
- Department of Homeopathy, Ariv Integrative Healthcare, Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Navin Pawaskar
- Department of Practice of Medicine, JIMS Homeopathic Medical College, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Srivastava
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Gouri Devi Ningthoujam
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Sadarla
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit for Homeopathy, Puducherry, India
| | - Ranjit Sonny
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Liyi Karso
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Subhamoy Sarkar
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute (Homeopathy), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sunil Prasad
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit for Homeopathy, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit for Homeopathy, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit for Homeopathy, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit for Homeopathy, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ch Raveendar
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bsj Raja Kumar
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vspk Sastry
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Dasari
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Samson Sundeep
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Subhash Kaushik
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy Headquarters, Delhi, India
| | - Padmalaya Rath
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr DP Rastogi Central Research Institute for Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Gautam
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr DP Rastogi Central Research Institute for Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratan Chandra Shil
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute of Homeopathy, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Trupti Laxmi Swain
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute of Homeopathy, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - G Ravi Chandra Reddy
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Pradeep
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Stevenson
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Gurudev Choubey
- Department of Clinical Research, Regional Research Institute for Homeopathy, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Lipipushpa Debata
- Department of Clinical Research, Homeopathic Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Khurana
- National Commission for Homeopathy, New Delhi, India
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Khan A, Pradeep S, Dastager SG. In vitro anticancer evaluation of Enceleamycin A and its underlying mechanism. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34183-34193. [PMID: 38019992 PMCID: PMC10663723 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become more crucial than ever to find novel anticancer compounds due to the rise in cancer mortality and resistance to the present chemotherapeutic drugs. Naphthoquinones are regarded as privileged structures for their ability to inhibit various cancers. The current study examined three novel furo-naphthoquinones (Enceleamycins A-C) previously isolated from Amycolatopsis sp. MCC 0218 for their anticancer potential. Enceleamycin A demonstrated considerable cytotoxicity for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 1.25 μg mL-1 (3.78 μM). It also showed the ability to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell migration. Enceleamycin A raises intracellular ROS levels in TNBC cells, ultimately leading to apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by Annexin V/PI staining. The molecular docking and simulation investigation revealed better binding affinity of Enceleamycin A with AKT2, which plays a vital role in breast cancer's invasiveness and chemo-resistance. Enceleamycin A inhibits the AKT2 enzyme in vitro with an IC50 value of 0.736 μg mL-1 (2.22 μM), further validating the docking study. The in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics characteristics of Enceleamycin A demonstrated its drug-likeness. Intriguingly, Enceleamycin A is non-hemolytic in nature. Taken together, Enceleamycin A could be a candidate molecule for treating TNBC cells by targeting the AKT2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abujunaid Khan
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
| | - S Pradeep
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- NCIM-Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad - 201002 India
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Pradeep S, Sharma YK, Lilhore UK, Simaiya S, Kumar A, Ahuja S, Margala M, Chakrabarti P, Chakrabarti T. Developing an SDN security model (EnsureS) based on lightweight service path validation with batch hashing and tag verification. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17381. [PMID: 37833379 PMCID: PMC10575973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Software-defined networking (SDN) has significantly transformed the field of network management through the consolidation of control and provision of enhanced adaptability. However, this paradigm shift has concurrently presented novel security concerns. The preservation of service path integrity holds significant importance within SDN environments due to the potential for malevolent entities to exploit network flows, resulting in a range of security breaches. This research paper introduces a model called "EnsureS", which aims to enhance the security of SDN by proposing an efficient and secure service path validation approach. The proposed approach utilizes a Lightweight Service Path Validation using Batch Hashing and Tag Verification, focusing on improving service path validation's efficiency and security in SDN environments. The proposed EnsureS system utilizes two primary techniques in order to validate service pathways efficiently. Firstly, the method utilizes batch hashing in order to minimize computational overhead. The proposed EnsureS algorithm enhances performance by aggregating packets through batches rather than independently; the hashing process takes place on each one in the service pathway. Additionally, the implementation of tag verification enables network devices to efficiently verify the authenticity of packets by leveraging pre-established trust relationships. EnsureS provides a streamlined and effective approach for validating service paths in SDN environments by integrating these methodologies. In order to assess the efficacy of the Proposed EnsureS, a comprehensive series of investigations were conducted within a simulated SDN circumstance. The efficacy of Proposed EnsureS was then compared to that of established methods. The findings of our study indicate that the proposed EnsureS solution effectively minimizes computational overhead without compromising on the established security standards. The implementation successfully reduces the impact of different types of attacks, such as route alteration and packet spoofing, increasing SDN networks' general integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, UGC Autonomous Institution, Maisammaguda, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Sharma
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, AP, India
| | - Umesh Kumar Lilhore
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - Sarita Simaiya
- APEX Institute of Technology (AIT), CSE, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Sachin Ahuja
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Martin Margala
- School of Computing, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, USA
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Ramkumar M, Alagarsamy M, Balakumar A, Pradeep S. Ensemble classifier fostered detection of arrhythmia using ECG data. Med Biol Eng Comput 2023; 61:2453-2466. [PMID: 37145258 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-02839-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive medical tool that divulges the rhythm and function of the human heart. This is broadly employed in heart disease detection including arrhythmia. Arrhythmia is a general term for abnormal heart rhythms that can be identified and classified into many categories. Automatic ECG analysis is provided by arrhythmia categorization in cardiac patient monitoring systems. It aids cardiologists to diagnose the ECG signal. In this work, an Ensemble classifier is proposed for accurate arrhythmia detection using ECG Signal. Input data are taken from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset. Then the input data was pre-processed using Python in Jupyter Notebook which run the code in an isolated manner and was able to keep code, formula, comments, and images. Then, Residual Exemplars Local Binary Pattern is applied for extracting statistical features. The extracted features are given to ensemble classifiers, like Support vector machines (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), and random forest (RF) for classifying the arrhythmia as normal (N), supraventricular ectopic beat (S), ventricular ectopic beat (V), fusion beat (F), and unknown beat (Q). The proposed AD-Ensemble SVM-NB-RF method is implemented in Python. The proposed AD-Ensemble SVM-NB-RF method is 44.57%, 52.41%, and 29.49% higher accuracy; 2.01%, 3.33%, and 3.19% higher area under the curve (AUC); and 21.52%, 23.05%, and 12.68% better F-Measure compared with existing models, like multi-model depending on the ensemble of deep learning for ECG heartbeats arrhythmia categorization (AD-Ensemble CNN-LSTM-RRHOS), ECG signal categorization utilizing VGGNet: a neural network based classification method (AD-Ensemble CNN-LSTM) and higher performance arrhythmic heartbeat categorization utilizing ensemble learning along PSD based feature extraction method (AD-Ensemble MLP-NB-RF).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ramkumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641-008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manjunathan Alagarsamy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K.Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Trichy, 621112, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Balakumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Trichy, 621112, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Pradeep
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
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Pradeep S, Bhar Kundu S, Nivetha C. Evaluation of neck-circumference- thyromental- distance ratio as a predictor of difficult intubation: A prospective, observational study. Indian J Anaesth 2023; 67:445-451. [PMID: 37333697 PMCID: PMC10269975 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_631_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Preoperative identification of difficult airway and subsequent planning is of utmost importance for a patient's safety. Previous studies have identified the ratio of the neck circumference (NC) to the thyromental distance (TMD); NC/TMD as a reliable predictor of difficult intubation in obese patients. But there is a lack of studies evaluating the NC/TMD in non-obese patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the NC/TMD as a predictor of difficult intubation in both obese and non-obese patients. Methods A prospective, observational study was conducted after obtaining institutional ethics committee clearance and written and informed consent from each patient. One hundred adult patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation were included in this study. Difficulty in intubation was assessed using the Intubation Difficulty Scale. The NC/TMD was calculated and the predictive accuracy of NC/TMD and other established parameters in obese and non-obese patients were compared. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, weight, body mass index, inter-incisor gap, Mallampati classification, NC, TMD, sternomental distance, and NC/TMD had a significant association with difficult intubation. NC/TMD has a higher sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value with better predictability in comparison to other parameters. Conclusion The NC/TMD is a reliable and better predictor of difficult intubation in both obese and non-obese patients in comparison to NC, TMD, and sternomental distance alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudeshna Bhar Kundu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - C Nivetha
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Suma S, Prakash N, Chandrashekar BR, Raghunath N, Pradeep S. Assessment of BSSO surgery need in adult male and female using photos and silhouette. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_901_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kumar SB, Krishna S, Pradeep S, Mathews DE, Pattabiraman R, Murahari M, Murthy TPK. Screening of natural compounds from Cyperus rotundus Linn against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro): An integrated computational approach. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104524. [PMID: 34090015 PMCID: PMC8164362 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that has been spreading across the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a public health emergency. The treatment of COVID-19 has been hampered due to the lack of effective therapeutic efforts. Main Protease (Mpro) is a key enzyme in the viral replication cycle and its non-specificity to human protease makes it a potential drug target. Cyperus rotundus Linn, which belongs to the Cyperaceae family, is a traditional herbal medicine that has been widely studied for its antiviral properties. In this study, a computational approach was used to screen natural compounds from C. rotundus Linn using BIOVIA Discovery Suite and novel potential molecules against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 were predicted. Molecular docking was performed using LibDock protocol and selected ligands were further subjected to docking analysis by CDOCKER. The docking scores of the selected ligands were compared with standard antiretroviral drugs such as lopinavir and ritonavir to assess their binding potentials. Interaction pharmacophore analysis was then performed for the compounds exhibiting good binding scores to evaluate their protein–ligand interactions. The selected protein–ligand complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation for 50 ns. Results of binding free energy analysis revealed that two compounds—β-amyrin and stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol—exhibited the best binding interactions and stability. Finally, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) studies were performed to understand the pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile of the compounds. The overall results indicate that the phytochemicals from Cyperus rotundus Linn, namely β-amyrin and stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, can be screened as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Birendra Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Swati Krishna
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Sneha Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Elsa Mathews
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramya Pattabiraman
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Manikanta Murahari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India.
| | - T P Krishna Murthy
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India.
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Sreeram G, Pradeep S, Rao KS, Raju BD, Nikhat P. Moving ridge neuronal espionage network simulation for reticulum invasion sensing. IJPCC 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/ijpcc-05-2020-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to precise and fast categorization on to transaction evolves into indispensible. The effective capacity difficulty of all the IDS simulates today at below discovery amount of fewer regular barrage associations and therefore the next warning rate.
Design/methodology/approach
The reticulum perception is that the methods which examine and determine the scheme of contact on unearths toward number of dangerous and perchance fateful interchanges occurring toward the system. Within character of guaran-teeing the slumberous, opening and uprightness count of to socialize for professional. The precise and fast categorization on to transaction evolves into indispensible. The effective capacity difficulty of all the intrusion detection simulation (IDS) simulates today at below discovery amount of fewer regular barrage associations and therefore the next warning rate. The container with systems of connections are reproduction everything beacon subject to the series of actions to achieve results accepts exists a contemporary well-known method. At the indicated motivation a hybrid methodology supported pairing distinct ripple transformation and human intelligence artificial neural network (ANN) for IDS is projected. The lack of balance of the situation traversing the space beyond information range was eliminated through synthetic minority oversampling technique-based oversampling have low regular object and irregular below examine of the dominant object. We are binding with three layer ANN is being used for classification, and thus the experimental results on knowledge discovery databases are being used for the facts in occurrence of accuracy rate and disclosure estimation toward identical period. True and false made up accepted.
Findings
At the indicated motivation a hybrid methodology supported pairing distinct ripple transformation and human intelligence ANN for IDS is projected. The lack of balance of the situation traversing the space beyond information range was eliminated through synthetic minority oversampling technique-based oversampling have low regular object and irregular below examine of the dominant object.
Originality/value
Chain interruption discovery is the series of actions for the results knowing the familiarity opening and honor number associate order, the scientific categorization undertaking become necessary. The capacity issues of invasion discovery is the order to determine and examine. The arrangement of simulations at the occasion under discovery estimation for low regular aggression associations and above made up feeling sudden panic amount.
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Neduvanchery S, Pradeep S, Naveeth Shukkur A, Penumadu P. Cervical Thymoma—an Enigmatic Diagnosis. Indian J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-020-02401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate comparatively the cytotoxicity of diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide on L929 fibroblasts. L929 fibroblast cells were cultured and grown on Dulbecco modified Eagle’s medium. Intracanal medicaments tested were Diclofenac sodium, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 mM/ml) and calcium hydroxide. The human fibroblast cell lines cultured in Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s medium were used as control group. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that there was a significant difference in cell viability as compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the group treated with diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide (1.0 mM/ml). However, diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5 mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic. The study concludes that diclofenac sodium is cytotoxic at 5 mM/ml and above. Therefore, further studies are recommended to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament. Within the limitations of the study, Diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic for the cells. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Diclofenac sodium at which the cells were viable was found to be 5.2 mM/ml. Further studies should be done to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament at these concentrations.
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Nair RR, Russel JG, Pradeep S, Ajay SV, Krishnakumar B. A novel ex-situ bio-remediation process for perchlorate contaminated soil. Chemosphere 2020; 247:125947. [PMID: 32069722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel, ex-situ remediation process for perchlorate contaminated soil is reported in this study. This approach comprises washing the contaminated soil with water, followed by treatment of the wash water in a bioreactor. The treated water reused for the next batch of soil, and the cycle continued. The pilot-scale treatment unit comprising of a soil washing unit (0.75 m3) and a fixed-film bioreactor (140 L), both connected in series for continuous operation for a period of three months. The bioreactor was inoculated with a novel perchlorate reducing microbial consortium comprising Serratia marcescens (Gen bank no. HM751096), Bacillus pumilus (Gen bank no. JQ820452) and Micrococcus sp. (Gen bank no. KJ410671). The microbial activity was supported by glucose (glucose/perchlorate ratio = 5), and trace mineral solution. In a typical washing cycle, 2.5 g perchlorate (KClO4) spiked in 670 kg soil was completely removed in three washing cycles, that completed in 6.3 h consuming ∼360 L water. The pooled wash water containing perchlorate at 8.5 mg/L was treated completely in the bioreactor operated at 4.5 h HRT and -200 mV ORP. Compared with both in-situ and ex-situ remediation methods reported, the present approach has many advantages for treating perchlorate contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rothish R Nair
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 19, India
| | - Jasmin G Russel
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 19, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST, India
| | - S Pradeep
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 19, India
| | - S V Ajay
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 19, India
| | - B Krishnakumar
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 19, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-NIIST, India.
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12
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Kumar IG, Pradeep S, Ravi S, Kiran HJ, Raghunath N. Stem cells in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics: Current trends and future perspectives. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_45_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Kumar IG, Raghunath N, Jyothikiran H, Ravi S, Pradeep S. Influence of chronic congenital systemic disorder effects in orthodontic treatment. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Pandya K, Pradeep S, Prasad RB, Sharma SM, Shetty V. Comparative Evaluation of Three Skin Closure Materials- A Microbiological Pilot Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2020. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2020/43039.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The goal of a skin closure technique is to precisely approximate the wound edges without tension for sufficient time, to allow healing to take place. The presence of a suture in surgical wounds has been found to increase the tissue’s susceptibility to infection. Increased microbial colonisation in a particular area results in higher risk of infection. There are limited studies investigating the presence and the type of microbial colonisation with respect to different skin closure techniques, especially metal staples. Aim: To compare and analyse microbial colonisation and wound complications in association with the use of surgical staples, nylon and polypropylene suture material; and to compare and analyse the incidence of wound complications in association with these three materials. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 patients, of which 20 underwent closure by prolene, 20 by nylon and 20 by metal staples. The prolene sutures, nylon sutures and staples were removed on 8th to 14th day postoperatively. The removed suture fragments and the staples were inoculated aerobically in suitable culture media according to the standard methodology to look for microbial growth. The results were derived using repeated measures ANOVA and Chi-square test. Results: A total of 70% of the patients from prolene group were found to have bacterial growth on microbial colonisation, whereas 30% did not show any growth. In the nylon group, 50% of the patients demonstrated bacterial growth whereas the rest of the 50% showed no growth. In the staples group 95% of the patients did not show any bacterial growth on culture media and only 5% showed positive bacterial growth. All of these differences were highly statistically significant (p<0.001). The most common colonising bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Klebsiella spp followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that prolene was most prone to bacterial colonisation followed by nylon and staples. The most common micro-organisms found were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella spp.
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15
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Lara O, Lyons Y, Dood R, Wang Z, Pradeep S, Sood A. Cut to the chase: Should we use tumor microarrays to evaluate the tumor microenvironment? Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Prasad V, Kulkarni AV, Pradeep S, Pratibha S, Tawde SA, Shirsat T, Arya AR, Orr A, Bannister D. Large Losses in Glacier Area and Water Availability by the End of Twenty-First Century under High Emission Scenario, Satluj Basin, Himalaya. CURR SCI INDIA 2019. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v116/i10/1721-1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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18
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Rao R. R, Pradeep S, Yogish CK, R. N, Patil G. Studies on Mechanical Properties of Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly Ethylene (UHMWPE)-Basalt Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Matrix Composites. JoPC 2019. [DOI: 10.37591/jopc.v7i3.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Singh K, Prabhu N, Balkrishanan D, Narayana AI, Pradeep S. Prosthetic Lip with the Retentive Attachment for a Unilateral Cleft Lip Patient: A Clinical Report. Contemp Clin Dent 2019; 10:577-581. [PMID: 32308341 PMCID: PMC7150548 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_801_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients afflicted with congenital cleft lip defect experience disfigured facial esthetics and lack of oral competency that could reduce the speech intelligibility. Rehabilitation of such cosmetic deformities condition often encountered with dental abnormalities becomes the challenge. When surgical treatment is not desired, prosthetic reconstruction turns out to be an economical option. This clinical treatment describes the fabrication of a maxillary lip prosthesis supported by a cast partial denture retained with magnetic attachment in a cleft lip patient. The use of intraoral magnets placed labially on the cast partial denture and on the counterpart of the prosthesis improved the retention. Moreover, the biomedical-grade silicone prosthesis used to blend closely with the patient's skin shade fulfilled the esthetic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nayana Prabhu
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Nayana Prabhu, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal - 576 104, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - Dhanasekar Balkrishanan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Aparna I. Narayana
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Pradeep
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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20
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Popa T, Hubsch C, James P, Richard A, Russo M, Pradeep S, Krishan S, Roze E, Meunier S, Kishore A. Abnormal cerebellar processing of the neck proprioceptive information drives dysfunctions in cervical dystonia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2263. [PMID: 29396401 PMCID: PMC5797249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum can influence the responsiveness of the primary motor cortex (M1) to undergo spike timing-dependent plastic changes through a complex mechanism involving multiple relays in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway. Previous TMS studies showed that cerebellar cortex excitation can block the increase in M1 excitability induced by a paired-associative stimulation (PAS), while cerebellar cortex inhibition would enhance it. Since cerebellum is known to be affected in many types of dystonia, this bidirectional modulation was assessed in 22 patients with cervical dystonia and 23 healthy controls. Exactly opposite effects were found in patients: cerebellar inhibition suppressed the effects of PAS, while cerebellar excitation enhanced them. Another experiment comparing healthy subjects maintaining the head straight with subjects maintaining the head turned as the patients found that turning the head is enough to invert the cerebellar modulation of M1 plasticity. A third control experiment in healthy subjects showed that proprioceptive perturbation of the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle had the same effects as turning the head. We discuss these finding in the light of the recent model of a mesencephalic head integrator. We also suggest that abnormal cerebellar processing of the neck proprioceptive information drives dysfunctions of the integrator in cervical dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Popa
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France.
| | - C Hubsch
- Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - P James
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - A Richard
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - M Russo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Pradeep
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - S Krishan
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - E Roze
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - S Meunier
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - A Kishore
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
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21
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Anuja GI, Shine VJ, Pradeep S, Suja SR. Molecular interaction of naringin and its metabolite naringenin to human liver fibrosis proteins: An In Silico approach. Pharmacogn Mag 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_453_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Lyons Y, Pradeep S, Hansen J, Dood R, Wu S, Wagner M, Previs R, Hu W, Coleman R, Sood A. Less is more: Macrophage depletion after adaptive resistance improves anti-VEGF therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Harjes U, Bridges E, Gharpure KM, Roxanis I, Sheldon H, Miranda F, Mangala LS, Pradeep S, Lopez-Berestein G, Ahmed A, Fielding B, Sood AK, Harris AL. Antiangiogenic and tumour inhibitory effects of downregulating tumour endothelial FABP4. Oncogene 2017; 36:912-921. [PMID: 27568980 PMCID: PMC5318662 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a fatty acid chaperone, which is induced during adipocyte differentiation. Previously we have shown that FABP4 in endothelial cells is induced by the NOTCH1 signalling pathway, the latter of which is involved in mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic tumour therapy. Here, we investigated the role of FABP4 in endothelial fatty acid metabolism and tumour angiogenesis. We analysed the effect of transient FABP4 knockdown in human umbilical vein endothelial cells on fatty acid metabolism, viability and angiogenesis. Through therapeutic delivery of siRNA targeting mouse FABP4, we investigated the effect of endothelial FABP4 knockdown on tumour growth and blood vessel formation. In vitro, siRNA-mediated FABP4 knockdown in endothelial cells led to a marked increase of endothelial fatty acid oxidation, an increase of reactive oxygen species and decreased angiogenesis. In vivo, we found that increased NOTCH1 signalling in tumour xenografts led to increased expression of endothelial FABP4 that decreased when NOTCH1 and VEGFA inhibitors were used in combination. Angiogenesis, growth and metastasis in ovarian tumour xenografts were markedly inhibited by therapeutic siRNA delivery targeting mouse endothelial FABP4. Therapeutic targeting of endothelial FABP4 by siRNA in vivo has antiangiogenic and antitumour effects with minimal toxicity and should be investigated further.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/blood supply
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/prevention & control
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Ovarian Neoplasms/blood supply
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Prognosis
- Prospective Studies
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Rate
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- U Harjes
- Hypoxia and Growth Factor Group, WIMM, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Bridges
- Hypoxia and Growth Factor Group, WIMM, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - K M Gharpure
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - I Roxanis
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - H Sheldon
- Hypoxia and Growth Factor Group, WIMM, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - F Miranda
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, WIMM, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - S Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - G Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - A Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, WIMM, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B Fielding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - A L Harris
- Hypoxia and Growth Factor Group, WIMM, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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24
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Ranjith Kumar R, Jayasudha S, Pradeep S. Efficient and secure data hiding in encrypted images: A new approach using chaos. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19393555.2016.1248582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Dalton H, Pradeep S, Previs R, Hansen J, Rupaimoole R, Zand B, Nick A, Hu W, Coleman R, Sood A. Modeling bad behavior: Overcoming anti-VEGF resistance in vivo. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Sood A, Pradeep S, Huang J, Nick A, Brock S, Hansen J, Previs R, Hu W, Coleman R, Jackson D. Off-target effects of erythropoietin stimulate ovarian cancer via EphB4. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Huang Y, Hu W, Huang J, Pradeep S, Dalton H, Previs R, Hansen J, Nick A, Coleman R, Sood A. Improving hormonal therapy in uterine cancer: Efficacy of onapristone (phosphor-PR) and trametinib. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Rupaimoole R, Ivan C, Yang D, Gharpure KM, Wu SY, Pecot CV, Previs RA, Nagaraja AS, Armaiz-Pena GN, McGuire M, Pradeep S, Mangala LS, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Huang L, Bar-Eli M, Zhang W, Lopez-Berestein G, Calin GA, Sood AK. Hypoxia-upregulated microRNA-630 targets Dicer, leading to increased tumor progression. Oncogene 2016; 35:4312-20. [PMID: 26725326 PMCID: PMC4931989 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that affect cellular processes by controlling gene expression. Recent studies have shown that hypoxia downregulates Drosha and Dicer, key enzymes in miRNA biogenesis, causing a decreased pool of miRNAs in cancer and resulting in increased tumor growth and metastasis. Here we demonstrate a previously unrecognized mechanism by which hypoxia downregulates Dicer. We found that miR-630, which is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, targets and downregulates Dicer expression. In an orthotopic mouse model of ovarian cancer, delivery of miR-630 using 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) nanoliposomes resulted in increased tumor growth and metastasis, and decreased Dicer expression. Treatment with the combination of anti-miR-630 and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody in mice resulted in rescue of Dicer expression and significantly decreased tumor growth and metastasis. These results indicate that targeting miR-630 is a promising approach to overcome Dicer deregulation in cancer. As demonstrated in the study, use of DOPC nanoliposomes for anti-miR delivery serves as a better alternative approach to cell line-based overexpression of sense or antisense miRNAs, while avoiding potential in vitro selection effects. Findings from this study provide a new understanding of miRNA biogenesis downregulation observed under hypoxia and suggest therapeutic avenues to target this dysregulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rupaimoole
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Ivan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K M Gharpure
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C V Pecot
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R A Previs
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A S Nagaraja
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G N Armaiz-Pena
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M McGuire
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Bar-Eli
- Department of Cancer Biology, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G A Calin
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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29
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Choonthar MM, Raghothaman A, Prasad R, Pradeep S, Pandya K. Head Injury- A Maxillofacial Surgeon's Perspective. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZE01-6. [PMID: 26894193 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/16112.7122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Injuries and violence are one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. A substantial portion of these injuries involve the maxillofacial region. Among the concomitant injuries, injuries to the head and cervical spine are amongst those that demand due consideration on account of their life threatening behaviour. Studies have shown that facial fractures have a strong association with traumatic brain injury. Knowledge of the types and mechanisms of traumatic brain injury is crucial for their treatment. Many a times, facial fractures tend to distract our attention from more severe and often life threatening injuries. Early diagnosis of these intracranial haemorrhage leads to prompt treatment which is essential to improve the outcome of these patients. An oral and maxillofacial surgeon should be able to suspect and diagnose head injury and also provide adequate initial management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralee Mohan Choonthar
- Professor, Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences , Mangalore, India
| | - Ananthan Raghothaman
- Consultant Neurosurgeon, Justice K.S.Hegde Charitable Hospital , Mangalore, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Professor, Director of Pg Studies, Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences , Mangalore, India
| | - S Pradeep
- Post Graduate, Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences , Mangalore, India
| | - Kalpa Pandya
- Post Graduate, Department of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences , Mangalore, India
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Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmy Amma KS, Sudha Devi R, Balachandran S, Sreejith MN, Benjamin S. Human ketosteroid receptors interact with hazardous phthalate plasticizers and their metabolites: anin silicostudy. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:836-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. K. Sarath Josh
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany; University of Calicut; Kerala India
- Research and Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Sri Vyasa N.S.S. College, Wadakkanchery, Thrissur; University of Calicut; Kerala India
| | - S. Pradeep
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany; University of Calicut; Kerala India
| | - K. S. Vijayalekshmy Amma
- Research and Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Sri Vyasa N.S.S. College, Wadakkanchery, Thrissur; University of Calicut; Kerala India
| | - R. Sudha Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram; University of Kerala; Kerala India
| | - S. Balachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram; University of Kerala; Kerala India
| | - M. N. Sreejith
- Centre for Cheminformatics, Department of Chemistry, Malabar Christian College, Kozhikode; University of Calicut; Kerala India
| | - Sailas Benjamin
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany; University of Calicut; Kerala India
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Pradeep S, Josh MKS, Binod P, Devi RS, Balachandran S, Anderson RC, Benjamin S. Achromobacter denitrificans strain SP1 efficiently remediates di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 112:114-121. [PMID: 25463861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study describes how Achromobacter denitrificans strain SP1, a novel isolate from heavily plastics-contaminated sewage sludge efficiently consumed the hazardous plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) as carbon source supplemented in a simple basal salt medium (BSM). Response surface methodology was employed for the statistical optimization of the process parameters such as temperature (32°C), agitation (200 rpm), DEHP concentration (10 mM), time (72 h) and pH (8.0). At these optimized conditions, experimentally observed DEHP degradation was 63%, while the predicted value was 59.2%; and the correlation coefficient between them was 0.998, i.e., highly significant and fit to the predicted model. Employing GC-MS analysis, the degradation pathway was partially deduced with intermediates such as mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and 2-ethyl hexanol. Briefly, this first report describes A. denitrificans strain SP1 as a highly efficient bacterium for completely remediating the hazardous DEHP (10 mM) in 96 h in BSM (50% consumed in 60 h), which offers great potentials for efficiently cleaning the DEHP-contaminated environments such as soil, sediments and water upon its deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India
| | - M K Sarath Josh
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India
| | - P Binod
- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - R Sudha Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695004, Kerala, India
| | - S Balachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695004, Kerala, India
| | - Robin C Anderson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, 2881 F&B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Sailas Benjamin
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India.
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Pradeep S, Sarath Josh MK, Balachandran S, Sudha Devi R, Sadasivam R, Thirugnanam PE, Doble M, Anderson RC, Benjamin S. Achromobacter denitrificans SP1 produces pharmaceutically active 25C prodigiosin upon utilizing hazardous di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. Bioresour Technol 2014; 171:482-486. [PMID: 25201292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This first report describes the purification and identification of an orange-red pigment produced by Achromobacter denitrificans strain SP1 (isolated from sewage sludge heavily contaminated with plastics) during its growth in a simple basal salt medium supplemented with the hazardous di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) blended in PVC blood bag (in situ) or free DEHP (ex situ) as carbon source. The cell-bound pigment was elucidated, characterized at molecular level, and described as an unusual 25C prodigiosin analog for the first time. At laboratory conditions (in flasks), the dry cell mass was 75.2mg/g blood bag, which upon extraction yielded 7.1mg prodigiosin; at this stage the pH of the medium was dropped from 7.2 to 3.5. Considering its pharmaceutical importance, taking 10 known prodigiosins as controls, this 25C prodigiosin was subjected to molecular docking studies, showed comparable and promising binding efficiencies with the crucial molecular human targets like cycloxygenase-2, ZAP-70 kinase and Jak-3 kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673 635, India
| | - M K Sarath Josh
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673 635, India
| | - S Balachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 004, India
| | - R Sudha Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 004, India
| | - R Sadasivam
- Toshvin Analytical P. Ltd, A6, II Floor, No. 48, Dr. B.N. Road, Mahububani Towers, T. Nagar, Chennai 600 017, India
| | - P E Thirugnanam
- Bioanalytical Quest Life Science P. Ltd, Chennai 600 004, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Robin C Anderson
- USDA/ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, 2881F & B Road, TX 77845, USA
| | - Sailas Benjamin
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673 635, India.
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Sarath Josh M, Pradeep S, Adarsh V, Vijayalekshmi Amma K, Sudha Devi R, Balachandran S, Sreejith M, Abdul Jaleel U, Benjamin S. In silicoevidences for the binding of phthalates onto human estrogen receptor α, β subtypes and human estrogen-related receptor γ. Molecular Simulation 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.814131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S. Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor α, β, γ subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:754-65. [PMID: 23843199 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This exhaustive in silico study looks into the molecular interactions of phthalates and their metabolites with human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (hPPAR) and retinoid X receptor (hRXR) α, β and γ subtypes--the nuclear receptor proteins function as transcription factors by regulating the expression of downstream genes. Apart from the much discussed plasticizer bisphenol A, we examined the binding affinities of 15 common diphthalates and their monophthalates, natural (linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid) and synthetic (bezafibrate, pioglitazone, GW 50156) ligands with hPPARs. In addition to these phthalates, specific natural (retinoic and phytanic acids) and synthetic (bexarotene, rosiglitazone) ligands were examined with hRXRs. The Maestro, Schrödinger Suite 2012 was used for the molecular docking study. In general, natural ligands of hPPAR showed less binding efficiencies than phthalic acid esters and drugs. The diphthalate di-iso-decyl phthalate showed the highest G score (-9.99) with hPPAR (γ), while its monophthalate (mono-iso-decyl phthalate) showed a comparatively less G score (-9.56). Though the PPAR modulator GW 50156 showed strong affinity with all hPPAR subtypes, its highest G score (-12.43) was with hPPARβ. Hazardous di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate generally showed a greater preference to hRXRs than hPPARs, but its highest G score (-10.87) was with hRXRα; while its monophthalate (Mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) showed a lesser G score (-8.59). The drug bexarotene showed the highest G score (-13.32) with hRXRβ. Moreover, bisphenol A showed more affinity towards hRXR. Briefly, this study gives an overview on the preference of phthalic acid esters, natural and synthetic ligands on to hPPAR and hRXR subtypes, which would lead to further in vitro mechanistic as well as in vivo preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Sarath Josh
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673 635, India; Department of Chemistry, Sri Vyasa N.S.S. College, Wadakkanchery, University of Calicut, Thrissur, Kerala, 680 582, India
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Kishore A, Popa T, Balachandran A, Chandran S, Pradeep S, Backer F, Krishnan S, Meunier S. Cerebellar Sensory Processing Alterations Impact Motor Cortical Plasticity in Parkinson's Disease: Clues from Dyskinetic Patients. Cereb Cortex 2013; 24:2055-67. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Rubeena M, Neethu K, Sajith S, Sreedevi S, Priji P, Unni KN, Josh MKS, Jisha VN, Pradeep S, Benjamin S. Lignocellulolytic activities of a novel strain of <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.42030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chaluvally-Raghavan P, Zhang F, Pradeep S, Hee-Dong H, Lu Y, Borresen-Dale AL, Flores ER, Sood AK, Mills GB. Abstract P5-10-03: OncomiR-569 deregulate p53 pathway and initiate breast oncogenesis. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p5-10-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The 3q26.2 chromosomal loci is highly amplified in large set of breast cancers, primarily in aggressive basal tumors are difficult to treat in the clinic. Our amplicon data suggests that 3q26.2 is a large structurally complex amplicon and multiple components in the amplicon contribute to tumor initiation and progression either alone or through cooperative activity. Detailed mapping of the 3q26.2 amplicon by us demonstrated a microRNA, miR569 is highly amplified as a part of 3q26.2 amplicon in breast cancer patient's samples. The role of microRNAs amplified at 3q26 loci is not well studied and their molecular functions and targets were not well known. Thus our studies provide novel mechanism underlying miR569 oncogenesis.
Methods: Following the Institutional Review Board approval, tissues obtained from MD Anderson Cancer Center tumor bank were used to exatract DNA and RNA. Human miR-569 was cloned into pEZX-MR06 lentiviral vector used for the production of amphotropic viruses to infect the target cells. The miRIDIAN microRNA mimics were used to overexpress miRs and the antimiRs were used to knock down the miRNAs. All the transfections were performed using Oligofectamine. Trypsinized cells were grown in 5% matrigel for the 3D morphogenesis of epithelial cells.
Results: Our results demonstrated a strong correlation between 3q26.2 amplification and expression of miR569 in patient samples of breast cancer. We subsequently demonstrated that overexpression and knockdown of miR569 in the breast epithelial cells altered their growth, proliferation, and lumen filling in 3-dimensional cultures grown in Matrigel. Importantly ectopic expression of miR569 in breast epithelial cells promoted tumor growth and increased metastatic potential in mouse xenograft models. Seed match based analysis of the microRNA targets, in silico studies and in vitro experiments showed that miR-569 directly target Tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein1 (TP53INP1) and inhibited the expression of a tumor suppressor gene TP53INP1 expression. Loss of TP53INP1 expression mediated by miR569 altered normal cell growth cycle and subsequently promoted the survival and growth of tumor cells. Our in vitro results showed that knockdown of miR-569 and subsequent increase in TP53INP1 expression enhanced the sensitivity of cancer cell lines to cisplatin. Our immunohistochemical analysis showed that TP53INP1 protein levels were higher in normal tissues compared to cancer tissues. Further, reduced expression of TP53INP1 was observed in invasive cancers as compared to low malignant potential tumors, and decreased TP53INP1 protein levels were associated with worsened outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Disscussion: TP53INP1 had previously been identified as a combined target of p53 and p73; however our studies indicate that miR-569 regulates TP53INP1 levels independently of p53 and p73 expression. Based on our preclinical results of antimiR-569 on cell survival, tumor growth and cisplatin sensitivity, inhibiting miR-569 activity or increasing TP53INP1 expression may be valid therapeutic approaches to treat breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-10-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chaluvally-Raghavan
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Zhang
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Pradeep
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Hee-Dong
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Y Lu
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A-L Borresen-Dale
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - ER Flores
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - AK Sood
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - GB Mills
- MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX; Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Pradeep S, Benjamin S. Mycelial fungi completely remediate di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, the hazardous plasticizer in PVC blood storage bag. J Hazard Mater 2012; 235-236:69-77. [PMID: 22858127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This pioneering work describes how simply, inexpensively and efficiently novel fungi utilize the alarming plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) blended in PVC blood storage bags (BB). In order to quantify total DEHP (33.5%, w/w) present in BB, it was extracted using n-hexane and confirmed by GC-MS. Three mycelial fungi, viz., Aspergillus parasiticus, Fusarium subglutinans and Penicillium funiculosum isolated in our laboratory form heavily plastics-contaminated soil - either singly or in consortium - completely consumed intact DEHP physically bound to BB by static submerged growth (28 °C) in simple basal salt medium (BSM). A two-stage cultivation strategy was adopted for the complete removal of DEHP from BB in situ. During the first growth stage, almost 70% DEHP contained in the BB was consumed in 2 weeks, accompanied by increased fungal biomass (~0.15-0.35 g/g BB; OD ~7 at 600 nm) and a sharp declining (3.3) of initial pH (7.2). Spent BSM was replaced at this stagnant growth state (low pH), thus in the second stage, remaining DEHP bound to BB utilized completely (over 99%). Furthermore, A. parasiticus and F. subglutinans also grew well on scrapes of PVC water pipes in BSM. F. subglutinans was as efficient independently as consortium in completely utilizing the DEHP bound to BB, and these fungi offer great potentials for the inexpensive and eco-friendly bioremediation of phthalates in medical and allied PVC wastes on a large scale through a batch process in alleviating the plactics waste management issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India
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Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Balachandran S, Sudha Devi R, Vijayalakshmi Amma KS, Benjamin S. Temperature- and solvent-dependent migrations of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, the hazardous plasticizer from commercial PVC blood storage bag. J Polym Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Popa T, Velayudhan B, Hubsch C, Pradeep S, Roze E, Vidailhet M, Meunier S, Kishore A. Cerebellar processing of sensory inputs primes motor cortex plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2012; 23:305-14. [PMID: 22351647 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of the human primary motor cortex (M1) has a critical role in motor control and learning. The cerebellum facilitates these functions using sensory feedback. We investigated whether cerebellar processing of sensory afferent information influences the plasticity of the primary motor cortex (M1). Theta-burst stimulation protocols (TBS), both excitatory and inhibitory, were used to modulate the excitability of the posterior cerebellar cortex and to condition an ongoing M1 plasticity. M1 plasticity was subsequently induced in 2 different ways: by paired associative stimulation (PAS) involving sensory processing and TBS that exclusively involves intracortical circuits of M1. Cerebellar excitation attenuated the PAS-induced M1 plasticity, whereas cerebellar inhibition enhanced and prolonged it. Furthermore, cerebellar inhibition abolished the topography-specific response of PAS-induced M1 plasticity, with the effects spreading to adjacent motor maps. Conversely, cerebellar excitation had no effect on the TBS-induced M1 plasticity. This demonstrates the key role of the cerebellum in priming M1 plasticity, and we propose that it is likely to occur at the thalamic or olivo-dentate nuclear level by influencing the sensory processing. We suggest that such a cerebellar priming of M1 plasticity could shape the impending motor command by favoring or inhibiting the recruitment of several muscle representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Popa
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche-CENIR, 75013 Paris, France.
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Neethu K, Rubeena M, Sajith S, Sreedevi S, Priji P, Unni KN, Josh MKS, Jisha VN, Pradeep S, Benjamin S. A novel strain of <i>Trichoderma viride</i> shows complete lignocellulolytic activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2012.38142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
A 55-year-old woman, with history of cataract surgery 1 year back, presented with features of ocular inflammation for last 3 months. She had no history of any other intraocular surgery. On examination, anterior segment showed frothy material in the inferior angle with moderate anterior chamber reaction (cells+/flare+) and sulcus intraocular lens with large posterior capsule rent. Fundoscopy showed multiple, small to medium-sized transparent bubbles of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) with membranes in the vitreous cavity. Ultrasonography confirmed the presence of PFCL in the vitreous cavity. Pars plana vitrectomy with anterior chamber wash was done which led to good visual recovery. To conclude, retained PFCL can cause late onset fibrinous inflammation after a quiescent period but surgical intervention may lead to good visual outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Anuja GI, Latha PG, Suja SR, Shyamal S, Shine VJ, Sini S, Pradeep S, Shikha P, Rajasekharan S. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Smith. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 132:456-460. [PMID: 20732399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Smith (Polypodiaceae), has been widely used by ethnic groups of India to treat inflammation, rheumatism, headache, bone fracture, jaundice, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the ethanolic extract of rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia (DQ) and its phytochemical profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS DQ was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using carrageenan-induced paw oedema/cotton pellet-induced granuloma in Wistar rats and acetic acid-induced writhing/formalin-induced paw licking test in Swiss albino mice respectively. RESULTS Oral administration of DQ produced significant inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema and granuloma formation in rats, almost comparable to that caused by indomethacin. DQ significantly attenuated acute and delayed phases of formalin-induced pain and acetic acid-induced writhing episodes in mice. The analgesia was comparable to that produced by sodium salicylate and aspirin respectively. Phytochemical analysis gave positive tests for catechin, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, saponin, steroids, tannins, and triterpenes. The total phenolics in DQ was 244 mg/g and naringin content was 0.048%. CONCLUSION The results suggest the presence of potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic principles in DQ that justifies its use for alleviating painful inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G I Anuja
- Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
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Sreejith G, Latha PG, Shine VJ, Anuja GI, Suja SR, Sini S, Shyama S, Pradeep S, Shikha P, Rajasekharan S. Anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anti-lipidperoxidant effects of Cassia occidentalis Linn. Indian J Exp Biol 2010; 48:494-498. [PMID: 20795367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cassia occidentalis Linn. mast cell degranulation at a dose of 250 mg/kg, showed dose dependent stabilizing activity towards human RBC, with is widely used in traditional medicine of India to treat a number of clinical conditions including allergy and inflammatory manifestations. In the present study anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of C. occidentalis whole plant ethanolic extract (CO) was investigated. Effects of CO on rat mast cell degranulation inhibition and human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization were studied in vitro following standard methods. The anti lipidperoxidant effects of CO were also studied in vitro. Effect of CO on carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema inhibition was also assessed. CO significantly decreased maximum protection of 80.8% at 15 microg/ml. The extract also caused significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of murine hepatic microsomes at 100 microg/ml (56%) and significantly reduced carrageenan induced inflammation in mice at a dose of 250 mg/kg. Results of the present study indicated that CO inhibited mast cell degranulation, stabilized HRBC membrane thereby alleviating immediate hypersensitivity besides showing anti oxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sreejith
- Malankara Catholic College, Mariagiri, Kaliakkavilai 629 153, India
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Shyamal S, Latha PG, Suja SR, Shine VJ, Anuja GI, Sini S, Pradeep S, Shikha P, Rajasekharan S. Hepatoprotective effect of three herbal extracts on aflatoxin B1-intoxicated rat liver. Singapore Med J 2010; 51:326-331. [PMID: 20505912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Roots of Ixora coccinea (Rubiaceae), and Rhinacanthus nasuta (Acanthaceae) and whole plants of Spilanthes ciliata (Asteraceae) are extensively used by tribal communities in South India to treat liver diseases. However, the veracity of these tribal claims has not been investigated scientifically using the liver toxin, aflatoxin. This study reports on the protective effects of these three herbal ethanolic extracts on the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-intoxicated livers of albino male Wistar rats. METHODS Biochemical parameters, including serum hepatic enzymes (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase), were studied. Hepatic tissues were processed for assay of reduced glutathione (GSH) and histological alterations. RESULTS Pre-treatment of the rats with oral administration of the plant ethanolic extracts, Ixora coccinea (IC), Rhinacanthus nasuta (RN), Spilanthes ciliata (SC), prior to AFB1 was found to provide significant protection against toxin-induced liver damage, determined 72 hours after the AFB1 challenge (1.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) as evidenced by a significant lowering of the activity of the serum enzymes and enhanced hepatic reduced GSH status. Pathological examination of the liver tissues supported the biochemical findings. The three plant extracts, IC, RN and SC, showed significant antilipid peroxidant effects in vitro. CONCLUSION It was concluded that the hepatoprotective effects of the three plant extracts observed in this study might result from their potent antioxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shyamal
- Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, India
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Shine VJ, Latha PG, Shyamal S, Suja SR, Anuja GI, Sini S, Pradeep S, Rajasekharan S. Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thoms. in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 125:350-355. [PMID: 19397987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thoms. (Menispermaceae), locally called 'Padathaali/Padakizhangu' is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat peptic ulcer. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activity of Cyclea peltata. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanolic extract of Cyclea peltata root was used to evaluate its gastric antisecretory and antiulcer effect in the pylorus-ligated rat model and gastric lesions induced by ethanol or ethanol and indomethacin respectively in rats. The levels of gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH), malondialdehyde, protein and catalase activity in the stomach samples of Cyclea peltata treated and control groups of rats were also quantified. RESULTS The ethanolic extract of Cyclea peltata roots showed significant antisecretory activity as evidenced by decreased pepsin secretion, gastric juice volume and acid output in pylorus-ligated rats. Pretreatment with Cyclea peltata extract provided significant protection against the peptic ulceration caused by ethanol administered individually, or in combination with indomethacin. Our studies also revealed that pretreatment with Cyclea peltata significantly increased the gastric protein and catalase concentration of ethanol treated rats. Further, it showed significant gastroprotective effects on the stomach wall of ethanol or ethanol and indomethacin treated rats by decreasing malondialdehyde level, increasing the gastric wall mucus and non-protein sulfhydryl groups. CONCLUSION The present findings demonstrate that Cyclea peltata ethanolic extract has potent antisecretory and antiulcer effects and justify the traditional/ethnic usage of this herb to treat peptic ulcers and consequent stomach ache.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Shine
- Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Trivandrum 695 562, India
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Krishnakumar NM, Latha PG, Suja SR, Shine VJ, Shyamal S, Anuja GI, Sini S, Pradeep S, Shikha P, Unni PKS, Rajasekharan S. Hepatoprotective effect of Hibiscus hispidissimus Griffith, ethanolic extract in paracetamol and CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2008; 46:653-659. [PMID: 18949895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff. is used in tribal medicine of Kerala, the southern most state of India, to treat liver diseases. In the present study, the effect of the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus hispidissimus whole plant on paracetamol (PCM)-induced and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in healthy Wistar albino rats was studied. The results showed that significant hepatoprotective effects were obtained against liver damage induced by PCM and CCl4 as evidenced by decreased levels of serum enzymes, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SAKP), serum bilirubin (SB) and an almost normal histological architecture of the liver of the treated groups compared to the toxin controls. The extract also showed significant antilipid peroxidant effects in vitro, besides exhibiting significant activity in quenching 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical, indicating its potent antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Krishnakumar
- Presentation College of Applied Sciences, Puthenvelikkara, Ernakulam 683 594, India
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Suganya DS, Pradeep S, Jayapriya J, Subramanian S. Bio-softening of mature coconut husk for facile coir recovery. Indian J Microbiol 2007; 47:164-6. [PMID: 23100660 PMCID: PMC3450108 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-007-0031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 05/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-softening of the mature coconut husk using Basidiomyceteous fungi was attempted to recover the soft and whiter fibers. The process was faster and more efficient in degrading lignin and toxic phenolics. Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus eryngii and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora were found to degrade lignin efficiently without any appreciable loss of cellulose, yielding good quality fiber ideal for dyeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Suganya
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641 004 India
| | - S. Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641 004 India
| | - J. Jayapriya
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641 004 India
| | - S. Subramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641 004 India
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Pradeep S, Jorapur V, Desai N. Absence of typically described electrocardiographic changes in a patient of hyperkalemia who had preexisting electrocardiographic changes. J Assoc Physicians India 2002; 50:1066-8. [PMID: 12421034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Pradeep
- Department of Cardiology, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore
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