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Crowley MJ, van Noordt SJR, Castagna PJ, Vaca FE, Wu J, Lejuez CW, Mayes LC. Avoidance in Adolescence: The Balloon Risk Avoidance Task (BRAT). J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Topel S, van Noordt SJR, Willner CJ, Banz BC, Wu J, Castagna P, Kortink ED, van der Molen MJW, Crowley MJ. As they wait: Anticipatory neural response to evaluative peer feedback varies by pubertal status and social anxiety. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:101004. [PMID: 34411955 PMCID: PMC8377527 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by substantial biological, neural, behavioral, and social changes. Learning to navigate the complex social world requires adaptive skills. Although anticipation of social situations can serve an adaptive function, providing opportunity to adjust behavior, socially anxious individuals may engage in maladaptive anticipatory processing. Importantly, elevated social anxiety often coincides with adolescence. This study investigated cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) responses during anticipation of evaluative feedback in 106 healthy adolescents aged 12–17 years. We examined differences in anticipatory event-related potentials (i.e., stimulus preceding negativity [SPN]) in relation to social anxiety levels and pubertal maturation. As expected, the right frontal SPN was more negative during feedback anticipation, particularly for adolescents with higher social anxiety and adolescents who were at a more advanced pubertal stage. Effects for the left posterior SPN were the opposite of those for the right frontal SPN consistent with a dipole. Anticipatory reactivity in adolescence was related to social anxiety symptom severity, especially in females, and pubertal maturation in a social evaluative situation. This study provides evidence for the development of social anticipatory processes in adolescence and potential mechanisms underlying maladaptive anticipation in social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Topel
- Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, United States.
| | - Stefon J R van Noordt
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Barbara C Banz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University, United States
| | - Jia Wu
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, United States
| | | | - Elise D Kortink
- Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Melle J W van der Molen
- Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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Huberty S, Carter Leno V, van Noordt SJR, Bedford R, Pickles A, Desjardins JA, Webb SJ, Elsabbagh M. Association between spectral electroencephalography power and autism risk and diagnosis in early development. Autism Res 2021; 14:1390-1403. [PMID: 33955195 PMCID: PMC8360065 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has its origins in the atypical development of brain networks. Infants who are at high familial risk for, and later diagnosed with ASD, show atypical activity in multiple electroencephalography (EEG) oscillatory measures. However, infant-sibling studies are often constrained by small sample sizes. We used the International Infant EEG Data Integration Platform, a multi-site dataset with 432 participants, including 222 at high-risk for ASD, from whom repeated measurements of EEG were collected between the ages of 3-36 months. We applied a latent growth curve model to test whether familial risk status predicts developmental trajectories of spectral power across the first 3 years of life, and whether these trajectories predict ASD outcome. Change in spectral EEG power in all frequency bands occurred during the first 3 years of life. Familial risk, but not a later diagnosis of ASD, was associated with reduced power at 3 months, and a steeper developmental change between 3 and 36 months in nearly all absolute power bands. ASD outcome was not associated with absolute power intercept or slope. No associations were found between risk or outcome and relative power. This study applied an analytic approach not used in previous prospective biomarker studies of ASD, which was modeled to reflect the temporal relationship between genetic susceptibility, brain development, and ASD diagnosis. Trajectories of spectral power appear to be predicted by familial risk; however, spectral power does not predict diagnostic outcome above and beyond familial risk status. Discrepancies between current results and previous studies are discussed. LAY SUMMARY: Infants with an older sibling who is diagnosed with ASD are at increased risk of developing ASD themselves. This article tested whether EEG spectral power in the first year of life can predict whether these infants did or did not develop ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Huberty
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Virginia Carter Leno
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, UK
| | - Stefon J R van Noordt
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Rachael Bedford
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, UK.,University of Bath, Bath, England, UK
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, UK
| | | | - Sara Jane Webb
- Center on Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, England, UK
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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Davidson CA, Willner CJ, van Noordt SJR, Banz BC, Wu J, Kenney JG, Johannesen JK, Crowley MJ. One-Month Stability of Cyberball Post-Exclusion Ostracism Distress in Adolescents. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2019; 41:400-408. [PMID: 32042218 PMCID: PMC7010318 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-019-09723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We examined one-month reliability, internal consistency, and validity of ostracism distress (Need Threat Scale) to simulated social exclusion during Cyberball. Thirty adolescents (13-18 yrs.) completed the Cyberball task, ostracism distress ratings, and measures of related clinical symptoms, repeated over one month. Need Threat Scale ratings of ostracism distress showed adequate test-retest reliability and internal consistency at both occasions. Construct validity was demonstrated via relationships with closely related constructs of anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and emotion dysregulation, and weaker associations with more distal constructs of state paranoia and subclinical psychosis-like experiences. While ratings of ostracism distress and anxiety were significantly attenuated at retest, most participants continued to experience post-Cyberball ostracism distress at one-month follow-up, which indicates that the social exclusion induction of Cyberball persisted despite participants' familiarity with the paradigm. Overall, results suggest that the primary construct of ostracism distress is preserved over repeated administration of Cyberball, with reliability sufficient for usage in longitudinal research. These findings have important implications for translating this laboratory simulation of social distress into developmental and clinical intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie A. Davidson
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Mercer University College of Health Professions, 2930 Flowers Rd. S., Rm. 466, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Cynthia J. Willner
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Barbara C. Banz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jia Wu
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joshua G. Kenney
- Psychology Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 116-B, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason K. Johannesen
- Psychology Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 116-B, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael J. Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Campopiano A, van Noordt SJR, Segalowitz SJ. STATSLAB: An open-source EEG toolbox for computing single-subject effects using robust statistics. Behav Brain Res 2018; 347:425-435. [PMID: 29574102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research on robust statistics during the past half century provides concrete evidence that classical hypothesis tests that rely on the sample mean and variance are problematic. Even seemingly minor departures from normality are now known to create major problems in terms of increased error rates and decreased power. Fortunately, numerous robust estimation techniques have been developed that circumvent the need for strict assumptions of normality and equal variances, leading to increased power and accuracy when testing hypotheses. Two robust methods that have been shown to have practical value across a wide range of applied situations are the trimmed mean and percentile bootstrap test. To facilitate the uptake of robust methods into the behavioural sciences, especially when dealing with trial-based data such as EEG, we introduce STATSLAB: An open-source EEG toolbox for computing single-subject effects using robust statistics. With the STATSLAB toolbox users can apply the percentile bootstrap test, with trimmed means, to a variety of neural signals including voltages, global field amplitude, and spectral features for both scalp channels and independent components. The toolbox offers a range of analytical strategies and is packaged with a fully functional graphical user interface that includes documentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Campopiano
- Research and Development Services, Halton Catholic District School Board, Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Stefon J R van Noordt
- Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Sidney J Segalowitz
- Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
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van Noordt SJR, White LO, Wu J, Mayes LC, Crowley MJ. Social exclusion modulates event-related frontal theta and tracks ostracism distress in children. Neuroimage 2015; 118:248-55. [PMID: 26048623 PMCID: PMC4554839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Social exclusion is a potent elicitor of distress. Previous studies have shown that medial frontal theta oscillations are modulated by the experience of social exclusion. Using the Cyberball paradigm, we examined event-related dynamics of theta power in the EEG at medial frontal sites while children aged 8-12 years were exposed to conditions of fair play and social exclusion. Using an event-related design, we found that medial frontal theta oscillations (4-8Hz) increase during both early (i.e., 200-400ms) and late (i.e., 400-800ms) processing of rejection events during social exclusion relative to perceptually identical "not my turn" events during inclusion. Importantly, we show that only for the later time window (400-800ms) slow-wave theta power tracks self-reported ostracism distress. Specifically, greater theta power at medial frontal sites to "rejection" events predicted higher levels of ostracism distress. Alpha and beta oscillations for rejection events were unrelated to ostracism distress at either 200-400ms or 400-800ms time windows. Our findings extend previous studies by showing that medial frontal theta oscillations for rejection events are a neural signature of social exclusion, linked to experienced distress in middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefon J R van Noordt
- Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock University, Saint Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Lars O White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jia Wu
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Linda C Mayes
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael J Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Program for Anxiety Disorders, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Center for Translational Developmental Neuroscience (CTDN), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
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Crowley MJ, van Noordt SJR, Wu J, Hommer RE, South M, Fearon RMP, Mayes LC. Reward feedback processing in children and adolescents: medial frontal theta oscillations. Brain Cogn 2014; 89:79-89. [PMID: 24360036 PMCID: PMC4062620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined event-related electroencephalography (EEG) oscillations, including event-related spectral perturbations (ERSP) and intertrial coherence (ITC), to compare feedback processing during a chance-based reward vs. non-reward task in groups of 10-12-year-old (n=42), 13-14-year-old (n=34) and 15-17-year-olds (n=32). Because few, if any studies have applied these analytic methods to examine feedback processing in children or adolescents, we used a fine-grained approach that explored one half hertz by 16ms increments during feedback (no win vs. win events) in the theta (4-8Hz) frequency band. Complex wavelet frequency decomposition revealed that no win feedback was associated with enhanced theta power and phase coherence. We observed condition and age-based differences for both ERSP and ITC, with stronger effects for ITC. The transition from childhood to early adolescence (13-14yrs.) was a point of increased differentiation of ITC favoring no win vs. wins feedback and also compared to children or older adolescents, a point of heightened ITC for no win feedback (quadratic effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Translational Developmental Neuroscience, Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Stefon J R van Noordt
- Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock University, ON, Canada
| | - Jia Wu
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca E Hommer
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mikle South
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - R M P Fearon
- Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - Linda C Mayes
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Weissflog M, Choma BL, Dywan J, van Noordt SJR, Segalowitz SJ. The political (and physiological) divide: Political orientation, performance monitoring, and the anterior cingulate response. Soc Neurosci 2014; 8:434-47. [PMID: 24028311 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2013.833549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to test a model of sociopolitical attitudes that posits a relationship between individual differences in liberal versus conservative political orientation and differential levels of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) responsivity. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants who varied along a unidimensional liberal-conservative continuum engaged in a standard Go/NoGo task. We also measured component attitudes of political orientation in the form of traditionalism (degree of openness to social change) and egalitarianism (a preference for social equality). Generally, participants who reported a more liberal political orientation made fewer errors and produced larger ACC-generated ERPs (the error-related negativity, or ERN and the NoGo N2). This ACC activation, especially as indicated by a larger NoGo N2, was most strongly associated with greater preference for social equality. Performance accuracy, however, was most strongly associated with greater openness to social change. These data are consistent with a social neuroscience view that sociopolitical attitudes are related to aspects of neurophysiological responsivity. They also indicate that a bidimensional model of political orientation can enhance our interpretation of the nature of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Weissflog
- a Department of Psychology , Brock University , St. Catharines , Canada
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van Noordt SJR, Segalowitz SJ. Performance monitoring and the medial prefrontal cortex: a review of individual differences and context effects as a window on self-regulation. Front Hum Neurosci 2012; 6:197. [PMID: 22798949 PMCID: PMC3394443 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is central to self-regulation and has been implicated in generating a cluster of event-related potential components, collectively referred to as medial frontal negativities (MFNs). These MFNs are elicited while individuals monitor behavioral and environmental consequences, and include the error-related negativity, Nogo N2, and the feedback-related negativity. A growing cognitive and affective neuroscience literature indicates that the activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and surrounding medial prefrontal regions during performance monitoring is not only influenced by task context, but that these patterns of activity also vary as a function of individual differences (e.g., personality, temperament, clinical and non-clinical symptomatology, socio-political orientation, and genetic polymorphisms), as well as interactions between individual differences and task context. In this review we survey the neuroscience literature on the relations between performance monitoring, personality, task context, and brain functioning with a focus on the MPFC. We relate these issues to the role of affect in the paradigms used to elicit performance-monitoring neural responses and highlight some of the theoretical and clinical implications of this research. We conclude with a discussion of the complexity of these issues and how some of the basic assumptions required for their interpretation may be clarified with future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sidney J. Segalowitz
- Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Brock UniversityON, Canada
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