1
|
Fröhlich S, Kutz DF, Müller K, Voelcker-Rehage C. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cognitive performance in 80 + -year-olds: Detangling processing levels. GeroScience 2024; 46:3297-3310. [PMID: 38261111 PMCID: PMC11009210 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness is known to protect against cognitive decline in older adults. Specifically, it has been shown that physical activity and fitness are beneficial for executive functions that are crucial for independent living up to old age. In this study, 115 individuals aged 80 years and older underwent a cardiorespiratory fitness assessment using the two-minute step test and had their electroencephalogram recorded during a colored flanker task in order to measure executive function performance. Cardiorespiratory fitness was related to quicker responses during the flanker task. A mediation analysis was carried out to determine whether these positive effects were mediated through event-related potentials (N1, N2, or P3) or motor-related cortical potentials (MRCP). Cardiorespiratory fitness was related to better visual discriminative processing as indicated by larger occipital N1 amplitudes. In addition, fitness was associated with larger MRCP amplitudes, which are a correlate of the response generation process. Fitness was not found to have a significant effect on fronto-central N2 or parietal P3, which are thought to capture cognitive control processes such as conflict detection and response inhibition. Moreover, all effects reported were present in all three flanker trial conditions (congruent, neutral, and incongruent). Thus, these results indicate that the quicker response times in fitter people were related to visual processing and motor response generation rather than cognitive control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dieter F Kutz
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mosel P, Düsing J, Johannesmeier S, Patzlaff-Günther M, Fröhlich S, Mapa J, Kalies S, Bahlmann J, Püster T, Vahlbruch J, Dittmar G, Merdji H, Fajardo M, Trabattoni A, Heisterkamp A, Morgner U, Kovacev M. X-ray generation by fs-laser processing of biological material. Biomed Opt Express 2023; 14:5656-5669. [PMID: 38021146 PMCID: PMC10659813 DOI: 10.1364/boe.499170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of ultrashort pulse lasers in medical treatments is increasing and is already an essential tool, particularly in the treatment of eyes, bones and skin. One of the main advantages of laser treatment is that it is fast and minimally invasive. Due to the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with matter, X-rays can be generated during the laser ablation process. This is important not only for the safety of the patient, but also for the practitioner to ensure that the legally permissible dose is not exceeded. Although our results do not raise safety concerns for existing clinical applications, they might impact future developments at higher peak powers. In order to provide guidance to laser users in the medical field, this paper examines the X-ray emission spectra and dose of several biological materials and describes their dependence on the laser pulse energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Mosel
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - J. Düsing
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover 30419, Germany
| | | | | | - S. Fröhlich
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - J. Mapa
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - S. Kalies
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - J. Bahlmann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - T. Püster
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover 30419, Germany
| | - J. Vahlbruch
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30419, Germany
| | - G. Dittmar
- Ingenieur-Büro Prof. Dr.-Ing. G. Dittmar, Aalen 73433, Germany
| | - H. Merdji
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay 828 Boulevard des Maréchaux, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - M. Fajardo
- GoLP, Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A. Trabattoni
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Heisterkamp
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - U. Morgner
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - M. Kovacev
- Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, Hannover 30167, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kutz DF, Fröhlich S, Rudisch J, Müller K, Voelcker-Rehage C. Sex-dependent performance differences in curvilinear aiming arm movements in octogenarians. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9777. [PMID: 37328601 PMCID: PMC10276047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In an aging society, it is necessary to detect the cognitive decline of individuals at an early stage using simple measurement methods. This makes early health care possible for those affected. The aim of the study was to develop a classifier for cognitive state in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on kinematic parameters of linear and curvilinear aiming arm movements. In a group of 224 older adults over 80 years of age (cognitively healthy and MCI), the movement duration and intersegment intervals of linear and curvilinear arm movements of 20 cm were recorded. Movement duration was significantly longer in the curvilinear condition than in the straight movement, and MCI participants required significantly more time than cognitively healthy participants. Post-hoc analysis on the fluidity of movement in the curvilinear condition showed that MCI men had significantly longer inter-segmental intervals than non-MCI men. No difference was found in women. Based on the inter-segmental intervals, a simple classifier could be developed that correctly classified 63% of the men. In summary, aiming arm movements are only conditionally suitable as a classifier for cognitive states. For the construction of an ideal classifier, age-related degeneration of cortical and subcortical motor areas should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter F Kutz
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian Rudisch
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rudisch J, Fröhlich S, Pixa NH, Kutz DF, Voelcker-Rehage C. Bimanual coupling is associated with left frontocentral network activity in a task-specific way. Eur J Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37165733 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
When performing bimanual tasks, hands are typically not controlled individually but rather as a coupled system to achieve high spatiotemporal coordination. On a brain level, intra- and interhemispheric connections networks that control the left and right hand are necessary to exchange information between hemispheres and to couple movements. Behaviorally, coupling is, however, highly task-specific requiring, for example, to maintain a specific relative phase in cyclic tasks (e.g., in- or antiphase) or to perform a role differentiated task where one hand is modulating and the other hands is stabilizing and needs to be kept as still as possible (e.g., holding a notepad and writing on it). In this study, we used electroencephalography to investigate functional brain network characteristics (task-related activation and connectivity) in bimanual force-control tasks with different coordination modes: inphase, antiphase and role-differentiated with the left- or right-hand stabilizing and the other hand manipulating. We aimed to examine i) how network characteristics differ with respect to the coordination mode and ii) how they are related to the performance. Results revealed, task-related differences in the overall activation and connectivity with role-differentiated tasks leading to higher desynchronization as compared to in- and antiphase tasks. In addition, we showed that the strength of bimanual coupling is modulated task-specifically through left-hemispheric networks including C3, FC3 and F3 electrodes. Results highlight the importance of the left frontocentral regions for bimanual coordination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Rudisch
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - S Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - N H Pixa
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - D F Kutz
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - C Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Goelz C, Reuter EM, Fröhlich S, Rudisch J, Godde B, Vieluf S, Voelcker-Rehage C. Classification of age groups and task conditions provides additional evidence for differences in electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control across the lifespan. Brain Inform 2023; 10:11. [PMID: 37154855 PMCID: PMC10167079 DOI: 10.1186/s40708-023-00190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to extend previous findings on selective attention over a lifetime using machine learning procedures. By decoding group membership and stimulus type, we aimed to study differences in the neural representation of inhibitory control across age groups at a single-trial level. We re-analyzed data from 211 subjects from six age groups between 8 and 83 years of age. Based on single-trial EEG recordings during a flanker task, we used support vector machines to predict the age group as well as to determine the presented stimulus type (i.e., congruent, or incongruent stimulus). The classification of group membership was highly above chance level (accuracy: 55%, chance level: 17%). Early EEG responses were found to play an important role, and a grouped pattern of classification performance emerged corresponding to age structure. There was a clear cluster of individuals after retirement, i.e., misclassifications mostly occurred within this cluster. The stimulus type could be classified above chance level in ~ 95% of subjects. We identified time windows relevant for classification performance that are discussed in the context of early visual attention and conflict processing. In children and older adults, a high variability and latency of these time windows were found. We were able to demonstrate differences in neuronal dynamics at the level of individual trials. Our analysis was sensitive to mapping gross changes, e.g., at retirement age, and to differentiating components of visual attention across age groups, adding value for the diagnosis of cognitive status across the lifespan. Overall, the results highlight the use of machine learning in the study of brain activity over a lifetime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Goelz
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Reuter
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian Rudisch
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ben Godde
- School of Business, Social and Decision Sciences, Constructor University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Solveig Vieluf
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
- Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Str. 8, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rief A, Kühn T, Peintinger F, Hartmann S, Stickeler E, de Boniface J, Gentilini O, Ruf F, Fröhlich S, Thill M, Hauptmann M, Berger T, Wihlfahrt K, Karadeniz GC, Rubio IT, Gasparri ML, Kontos M, Bonci EA, Niinikoski L, Murawa D, Appelgren M, Hahn M, Pristauz-Telsnigg G, Czihak J, Banys-Paluchowski M. AXSANA – AXillary Surgery After NeoAdjuvant Treatment: Eine prospektive, multizentrische Kohortenstudie der EUBREAST-Studiengruppe zur Bewertung verschiedener chirurgischer Verfahren des axillären Stagings bei initial nodal-positiven PatientInnen nach neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Rief
- Medizinische Universität Graz, Univ. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Graz, Österreich
| | - T Kühn
- Klinikum Esslingen, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Esslingen, Deutschland
| | - F Peintinger
- Medizinische Universität Graz, Univ. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Graz, Österreich
| | - S Hartmann
- Universitätsklinikum Rostock, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - E Stickeler
- Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - J de Boniface
- Karolinska Institutet, Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden
- Capio St. Göran’s Hospital, Dept. of Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - F Ruf
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - S Fröhlich
- Universitätsklinikum Rostock, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - M Thill
- AGAPLESION Markus Krankenhaus, Klinik für Gynäkologie und gynäkologische Onkologie, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - M Hauptmann
- Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Deutschland
| | - T Berger
- Müritz-Klinikum Waren, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Waren, Deutschland
| | - K Wihlfahrt
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - G Cakmak Karadeniz
- Zonguldak BEUN The School of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Breast and Endocrine Unit, Kozlu/Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - I T Rubio
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Breast Surgical Unit, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Gasparri
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
- University of the Italian Switzerland (USI), Faculty of Biomedicine, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - M Kontos
- 1st Department of Surgery, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E-A Bonci
- Department of Surgical Oncology,” Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 11th Department of Oncological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - L Niinikoski
- Breast Surgery Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Murawa
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - M Appelgren
- Karolinska Institutet, Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hahn
- Department für Frauengesundkeit, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - G Pristauz-Telsnigg
- Medizinische Universität Graz, Univ. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Graz, Österreich
| | - J Czihak
- LKH Villach, Abteilung für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Villach, Österreich
| | - M Banys-Paluchowski
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Scheffel D, Wirkner J, Adler S, Wassilew G, Dragowsky K, Seemann R, Fröhlich S, Kasch R. [Promoting young academics in anesthesiology: factors for an attractive internship]. Anaesthesist 2022; 71:362-372. [PMID: 35507045 PMCID: PMC9068631 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-021-00936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practical experiences in clinical traineeships can shape the later specialty choice of medical students. KEY QUESTION The following study aimed to find factors in anesthesiological clinical traineeship that encourage students to specialize in the field. MATERIAL AND METHODS As part of a nationwide online survey conducted by the working group for education of the German Association for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, DGOU), study participants (n = 479) answered questions about their minimum 4‑week traineeship in anesthesiology. The information on items was analyzed in six content categories: 1) integration into the team, 2) acquisition of skills, 3) teachers, 4) quality of teaching, 5) structure of teaching and 6) satisfaction with the clinical internship. The respondents were subdivided into 4 groups by answering the question "Could you imagine an elective in anesthesiology during the final year (PJ)" with "Yes, I have made this decision after the clinical traineeship" (JdF, n = 212, 44%), "No I have decided against an elective during the final year after the traineeship" (NdF, n = 56, 12%), "Yes I have decided for an elective in anesthesiology before the internship" (JvF Yes: n = 144, 30%) and "No, I have decided against an elective in anesthesiology before the internship" (NvF: n = 67, 14%). Answers of the participants regarding the six content categories were compared between the four groups. RESULTS The survey reached all medical faculties in Germany and included participants with an average age of 25.8 years and a balanced gender ratio. There were significant differences between satisfied and dissatisfied students in all four subgroups. Of the 479 respondents, 211 (44%) were already set regarding their decision of choosing anesthesiology as an elective during the final year before the clinical traineeship. Of the respondents 268 (56%) were influenced by the internship, 212 (44%) of them positively. In total, 81% of the trainees rated the internship as "satisfying". Students who were satisfied with the overall internship and who spoke in favor of the PJ elective in anesthesiology differed significantly from the other groups in the categories of team integration, skills acquisition, structure and quality of teaching. The teaching of practical skills and specialist knowledge as well as the integration into diagnostics and treatment planning promoted the recruitment of young people. DISCUSSION The positively evaluated anesthesiology internship promotes later specialty choice, with quality and structure of the teaching affecting student satisfaction. Trainees who were attracted by anesthesiology gave better overall ratings and acquired more skills during the course of the internship. In order to win aspiring doctors for anesthesiology, the medical team has to integrate trainees well and support the acquisition of practical skills and specialist knowledge. In addition, didactics and practical relevance should be given high priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Scheffel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - J Wirkner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
- Institut für Psychologie, Lehrstuhl für Physiologische und Klinische Psychologie/Psychotherapie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - S Adler
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Anästhesie, Intensiv‑, Notfall- und Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - G Wassilew
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - K Dragowsky
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - R Seemann
- Centrum für Muskuloskeletale Chirurgie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - S Fröhlich
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik, Poliklinik der Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland.
| | - R Kasch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland.
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik, Poliklinik der Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Doberaner Str. 142, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fröhlich S, Müller K, Voelcker-Rehage C. Normative Data for the CERAD-NP for Healthy High-Agers (80-84 years) and Effects of Age-Typical Visual Impairment and Hearing Loss. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021:1-13. [PMID: 34823624 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to establish reference data for nondemented adults between 80 and 84 years of age based on the German version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease Neuropsychological (CERAD-NP) test battery and to assess the possible influence of hearing and vision impairments on CERAD-NP performance. METHODS Two hundred one volunteers were examined with the German CERAD-NP test battery, and 18 test scores were calculated from the data. The sample included 99 men (49%), the mean age was 81.8 years (SD = 1.3), and the mean years of education were 13.9 (SD = 3.1). Percentiles for continuous and percentile ranks for discrete test scores were calculated separately for four norm groups. The groups were classified according to gender and education. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict cognitive performance from visual acuity and hearing ability. RESULTS The normative data obtained were consistent with other findings from younger and older age groups. Worse visual acuity predicted slower performance in the Trail Making Test (TMT). None of the other CERAD-NP tests were correlated to sensory functions. CONCLUSIONS Using age-appropriate reference data, such as that established here for the 80-84 year age group can help to improve the detection of cognitive decline and prevent biases that arise when old-old adults are compared to younger old adults. Visual acuity should be considered an influencing factor on TMT performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Psychology & Sport Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
- Department of Social Science of Physical Activity and Health, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Psychology & Sport Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fröhlich S, Kutz DF, Müller K, Voelcker-Rehage C. Characteristics of Resting State EEG Power in 80+-Year-Olds of Different Cognitive Status. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:675689. [PMID: 34456708 PMCID: PMC8387136 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.675689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with healthy older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease show decreased alpha and beta power as well as increased delta and theta power during resting state electroencephalography (rsEEG). Findings for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a stage of increased risk of conversion to dementia, are less conclusive. Cognitive status of 213 non-demented high-agers (mean age, 82.5 years) was classified according to a neuropsychological screening and a cognitive test battery. RsEEG was measured with eyes closed and open, and absolute power in delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands were calculated for nine regions. Results indicate no rsEEG power differences between healthy individuals and those with MCI. There were also no differences present between groups in EEG reactivity, the change in power from eyes closed to eyes open, or the topographical pattern of each frequency band. Overall, EEG reactivity was preserved in 80+-year-olds without dementia, and topographical patterns were described for each frequency band. The application of rsEEG power as a marker for the early detection of dementia might be less conclusive for high-agers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dieter F Kutz
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.,Department of Social Science of Physical Activity and Health, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Sports Psychology (With Focus on Prevention and Rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Müller K, Fröhlich S, Germano AMC, Kondragunta J, Agoitia Hurtado MFDC, Rudisch J, Schmidt D, Hirtz G, Stollmann P, Voelcker-Rehage C. Sensor-based systems for early detection of dementia (SENDA): a study protocol for a prospective cohort sequential study. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:84. [PMID: 32145744 PMCID: PMC7060588 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dementia and cognitive decline are serious social and economic burdens. An increase in the population of older people, as well as longer lifespans mean that numbers of dementia cases are exponentially rising. Neuropathological changes associated with dementia are thought to appear before the clinical manifestation of cognitive symptoms, i.e., memory impairments. Further, some older adults (OA) experience cognitive decline before it can be objectively diagnosed. For optimal care of these patients, it is necessary to detect cognitive decline and dementia at an early stage. In this vein, motor, sensory, and neurophysiological declines could be promising factors if found to be present before the onset of cognitive impairment. Hence, the objective of the SENDA study is to develop a multi-dimensional sensor-based instrument that allows early detection of cognitive decline or dementia in OA with the help of cognitive, sensory, motor, and neurophysiological parameters before its clinical manifestation. Methods/design In the cohort sequential study, participants are assigned to one of three study groups depending on their cognitive status: 1. cognitively healthy individuals (CHI), 2. subjectively cognitively impaired persons (SCI), or 3. (possible) mildly cognitively impaired persons (pMCI, MCI). All groups take part in the same cognitive (e.g., executive function tests), motor (e.g., gait analyses, balance tests), sensory (e.g., vibration perception threshold test, proprioception tests), and neurophysiological (e.g., electroencephalograms) measurements. Depending on the time at which participants are included into the study, all measurements are repeated up to four times in intervals of 8 months within 3 years to identify associations with cognitive changes over time. Discussion This study aims to detect possible motor, sensory, neurophysiological, and cognitive predictors to develop an early screening tool for dementia and its pre-stages in OA. Thus, affected persons could receive optimal health care at an earlier time point to maintain their health resources. Trial status The study is ongoing. The recruitment of participants will be continued until May 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Müller
- Department of Sports Psychology (with focus on prevention and rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Fröhlich
- Department of Sports Psychology (with focus on prevention and rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Andresa M C Germano
- Department of Human Locomotion, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jyothsna Kondragunta
- Department of Digital Signal Processing and Circuit Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | | | - Julian Rudisch
- Department of Sports Psychology (with focus on prevention and rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.,Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Schmidt
- Department of Human Locomotion, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Gangolf Hirtz
- Department of Digital Signal Processing and Circuit Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Peter Stollmann
- Department of Analysis, Faculty of Mathematics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Department of Sports Psychology (with focus on prevention and rehabilitation), Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.,Department of Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schramm W, Benning NH, Bogusch J, Czekalla A, de Mey V, Fahn M, Fröhlich S, Hannß S, Hentschel S, Kellermann P, Klass M, Lochner D, Lüönd M, Schubert V, Schwarz J, Stein T, Trefz T, Wein M, Wettstein R. Validierung des PROSIT Typ 2 Diabetes Retinopathiemodells. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Schramm
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - NH Benning
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - J Bogusch
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - A Czekalla
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - V de Mey
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - M Fahn
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - S Fröhlich
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - S Hannß
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - S Hentschel
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - P Kellermann
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - M Klass
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - D Lochner
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - M Lüönd
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - V Schubert
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - J Schwarz
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - T Stein
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - T Trefz
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - M Wein
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - R Wettstein
- Hochschule Heilbronn, GECKO Institut für Medizin, Informatik und Ökonomie, Heilbronn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Quirin M, Fröhlich S, Kuhl J. Implicit self and the right hemisphere: Increasing implicit self-esteem and implicit positive affect by left hand contractions. Eur J Soc Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Quirin
- Stanford University; Stanford California USA
- Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kasch R, Baum P, Dokter M, Zygmunt M, Wirkner J, Lange A, Fröhlich S, Merk H, Kasch J. Nursing Practicum in Gynaecology and Obstetrics - Early Influence Possibilities for a Specialty. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015; 75:1270-1275. [PMID: 26726269 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1558053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The shortage of skilled personnel is ubiquitous, basic and further training is a key aspect in the recruitment of new medical colleagues. The significance of the nursing practicum in its function as gateway to the gynaecology and obstetrics discipline is practically unexplored. Methods: In an online questionnaire, medical students in all German faculties were questioned about the practica in their courses. The questionnaire reached 9079 medical students. 149 participants in nursing practica were selectively asked to answer 140 questions. We analysed those students who could, on the basis of their experiences in nursing practica, imagine undertaking an internship (clinical elective) in gynaecology (internship yes "Iy") separately from those who could not or were still undecided (internship no "In" or, respectively, internship perhaps "Ip"). Results: Altogether 149 medical students who participated in a nursing practicum in the gynaecology discipline were selected, of these 94.9 % were female. 92 (61.7 %) of the students replied that, after their gynaecological nursing practicum, they wanted to undertake an internship in gynaecology (Iy); 39 (26.2 %) answered negatively (In) and 18 (12.1 %) were still undecided (Ip). With regard to the parameters gender, age and duration of study, there were no significant differences among the 3 groups (χ2 0.83). Besides the didactic and professional quality of the training, Iy also mentioned having had a higher practical orientation. They attained their aims more frequently, were better integrated in the health-care team and acquired more practical competences. Satisfaction with the practicum was evaluated as highest among the Iy. Discussion: Those students who could imagine taking an internship in gynaecology were seen to be more satisfied with their practica than those participants who declined or were undecided. The high proportion of females is an early indicator for a feminisation of the specialty. If necessary this could be countered with the help of nursing management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kasch
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - P Baum
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - M Dokter
- Institut für Anatomie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - M Zygmunt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - J Wirkner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin A, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - A Lange
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - S Fröhlich
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock
| | - H Merk
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| | - J Kasch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kasch R, Engelhardt M, Förch M, Merk H, Walcher F, Fröhlich S. [Physician Shortage: How to Prevent Generation Y From Staying Away - Results of a Nationwide Survey]. Zentralbl Chir 2015; 141:190-6. [PMID: 26394048 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students' attitudes and expectations about their future working life are changing. To hire the best talents from Generation Y, hospitals must pay attention to these factors to make working in patient care more attractive. However, little detailed knowledge about the professional and career expectations of today's medical students is available to date. METHOD In a nationwide online survey, a total of 9079 medical students from all German medical faculties returned the questionnaire. Twenty-one questions related to future career choices and work satisfaction, followed by 21 questions dealing with reasons for not working in patient care. RESULTS Factor analysis yielded five factors: work-life balance, career, professional needs, working atmosphere, and prestige. A correlation analysis between these factors and respondents' socio-demographic data revealed significant correlations with sex, specialty choice, and marital/parental status. A correlation analysis with "reasons for not working in patient care" revealed that work-life balance, career, professional needs, and working atmosphere had high priority for both sexes. DISCUSSION It is crucial to collect data on the work satisfaction of Generation Y, whose members are motivated and willing to perform in today's highly demanding work environment. However, sex-dependent/independent expectations must be met to make the medical profession more attractive, to overcome the Germany-wide shortage of physicians, and to attract young doctors to the hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kasch
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - M Engelhardt
- Institut für Pflegewissenschaften, Universität Basel, Schweiz
| | - M Förch
- Hochschule für angewandtes Management, Erding, Deutschland
| | - H Merk
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - F Walcher
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg A. ö. R., Deutschland
| | - S Fröhlich
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fröhlich S, Murphy N, Kong T, Ffrench-O’Carroll R, Conlon N, Ryan D, Boylan J. Alcoholic liver disease in the intensive care unit: Outcomes and predictors of prognosis. J Crit Care 2014; 29:1131.e7-1131.e13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
16
|
Krebs LT, Schmelter V, Herebian D, Fröhlich S, Höhn T. Quantifizierung von Dehydroepiandrosteron und Dehydroepiandrosteronsulfat in den Fingernägeln von Früh- und Reifgeborenen zur Beurteilung der fetalen Stressexposition. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Fröhlich
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. Recent advances in supportive care have led to a moderate improvement in mortality. In particular, a much lower mortality rate than expected was evident in the severest category of patients (requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) in Australia during the recent H1N1 pandemic. Though improvements in supportive care may have provided some benefit, there remains an absence of effective biological agents that are necessary to achieve further incremental reduction in mortality. This article will review the evidence available for current treatment strategies and discuss future research directions that may eventually improve outcomes in this important global disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fröhlich
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Werner C, Mach H, Fröhlich S, Behrend S, Melzer I, Hesse S. An early botulinum toxin A treatment in subacute stroke patients may prevent a disabling finger flexor stiffness six months later: A randomized controlled trial. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
20
|
Fröhlich S, Moriarty J. Attitudes and intentions of current anaesthetic trainees. Ir Med J 2013; 106:82-84. [PMID: 23951978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a survey of Irish anaesthetic specialist trainees to establish their future training intentions, their interest in seeking a Consultant position in Ireland and identification of factors that may reduce the attractiveness of future employment in the HSE. 149 responses were received (71% of trainees). 137 (92%) are likely to complete further training abroad, but only 24 (16.1%) are definitely planning to return to work in Ireland. Factors, in order of importance that influence their return to Ireland include equivalence of all Consultants, salary level and availability of flexible work practices. Almost all (131 - 91%) would only consider working in Ireland at Consultant level. These results reveal that the current cohort of specialist trainees do not consider Ireland an attractive place to work, and any further diminution of the current Consultant grade will only serve to worsen this perception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fröhlich
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St James's Hospital, James's St, Dublin 8
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ellenrieder M, Tischer T, Kreuz P, Fröhlich S, Fritsche A, Mittelmeier W. Arthroskopisch gestützte Behandlung der aseptischen Hüftkopfnekrose. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2013; 25:85-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00064-011-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
22
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthopedic rehabilitation is a major entity in rehabilitation. Due to coming demographic changes and its challenges concerning mobility of elderly patients it will increase. The criticism on orthopedic rehabilitation in Germany focuses on its missing evidence in therapeutic eff ectiveness especially in chronic low back pain. This overall-criticism is actually no more valid as there are a number of studies showing eff ectiveness of orthopedic treatment in rehabilitation if psychosocial comorbidities are respected and treatment is focussed on occupational training and eintegration. GOALS This overview describes the actual situation in orthopedic rehabilitation and its research. RESULTS The need for orthopedic rehabilitation will increase over the next years due to demographic changes. Important fi elds in orthopedic rehabilitation research are chronic low back pain, new rehabilitation models with focus on occupational reintegration, rehabilitation in elderly and following joint surgery as well as the analysis of health-care-system changes due to disease related groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Greitemann
- Reha-Klinikum Bad Rothenfelde, Klinik Münsterland, Bad Rothefelde, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ryan O, Fröhlich S, Crotty TB, Ryan D. Rhizopus microsporus infection in an immunocompetent host: a case of immunoparalysis? Anaesth Intensive Care 2012; 40:367-368. [PMID: 22417051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
|
24
|
Fröhlich S, Tan T, Walsh A, Carey M. Epidural analgesia for labour: maternal knowledge, preferences and informed consent. Ir Med J 2011; 104:300-302. [PMID: 22256441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Epidural analgesia has become increasingly popular as a form of labour analgesia in Ireland. However obtaining true inform consent has always been difficult. Our study recruited 100 parturients who had undergone epidural analgesia for labour, aimed to determine the information they received prior to regional analgesia, and to ascertain their preferences regarding informed consent. Only 65 (65%) of patients planned to have an epidural. Knowledge of potential complications was variable and inaccurate, with less than 30 (30%) of women aware of the most common complications. Most women 79 (79%) believed that discomfort during labour affected their ability to provide informed consent, and believe consent should be taken prior to onset of labour (96, 96%). The results of this study helps define the standards of consent Irish patients expect for epidural analgesia during labour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fröhlich
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hesse S, Mach H, Fröhlich S, Behrend S, Werner C, Melzer I. An early botulinum toxin A treatment in subacute stroke patients may prevent a disabling finger flexor stiffness six months later: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2011; 26:237-45. [PMID: 21971750 DOI: 10.1177/0269215511421355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study asked whether an early botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection in subacute stroke patients may prevent a disabling finger flexor stiffness six months later. DESIGN Single-blind, randomized pilot study. SETTING Inpatient rehabilitation centre. SUBJECTS Eighteen stroke patients, interval 4-6 weeks, non-functional arm, Fugl-Meyer arm score (0-66) <20, beginning elevated finger flexor tone, randomly allocated to group A or B. INTERVENTIONS In group A patients 150 units BTX-A (Xeomin) injected into the deep and superficial finger (100 units) and wrist flexors (50 units), no injection in group B patients. Comprehensive rehabilitation in both groups. MAIN MEASURES Primary variable was the Modified Ashworth Scale score (0-5) of the finger flexors; secondary variables were whole arm muscle tone with REPAS (a summary rating scale for resistance to passive movement), its motor control with the Fugl-Meyer arm score, and a disability scale, blindly assessed at T0 (start), T1 (four weeks) and T6 (six months). RESULTS Homogeneous groups at T0. Significantly less finger flexor stiffness in the BTX-A group at T1 and T6, the mean (SD) Modified Ashworth Scale scores in group A (B) were: 1.7 ± 0.5 (1.6 ± 0.5) at T0; 0.4 ± 0.5 (1.9 ± 0.7) at T1; and 1.4 ± 0.7 (2.4 ± 0.9) at T6. Among the secondary measures, the disability score, namely the items pain and passive nail trimming, was lower in group A at T1 and T6. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate an effect of early BTX-A injection on finger flexor stiffness six months later, presumably attributable to a reduced contracture development. Effect size calculation suggests inclusion of at least 17 patients per group excluding drop-outs in a warranted placebo-controlled trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hesse
- Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Neurological Rehabilitation, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Böhme J, Müller J, Fröhlich S, Tiemann AH, Josten C. [Fatal risk thrombosis? A prospective study for the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in pelvic fractures]. Z Orthop Unfall 2009; 147:293-7. [PMID: 19551579 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1039227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after pelvic trauma and surgical stabilisation of pelvic and acetabular fractures under medicamentous prophylaxis. PATIENTS AND METHOD Within 20 months we prospectively included 50 patients. 25 had an isolated pelvic trauma, 25 patients had multiple injuries. 21 of them were polytrauma patients (average ISS: 31.4; min. 26 pts., max. 50 pts.), four patients had additional highly unstable spine fractures or fractures of the lower extremities. Low molecular-weight heparin (Enoxaparin 40 g/d) was administered on average within 24 hours of injury in 44 cases, one patient received low-dose heparin (Liquemin 15,000 to 22,500 I. E./d), five patients received both. 31 patients were treated operatively and 19 conservatively. Colour-flow duplex ultrasonography was performed within 72 hours of injury and stabilisation of the pelvic and acetabular fracture, or weekly. By means of ultrasound, 97 to 100 % of the deep and superficial leg veins could be examinated safely, as well as 88 to 89 % of the external iliac veins and 64 to 66 % of the common iliac veins. Only in 36 to 40 % of the patients the internal iliac veins were visible by ultrasound. RESULTS Proximal DVTs were detected postoperatively in two patients (4 %), one patient (2 %) died after a fatal P. E. before the scheduled duplex scan. CONCLUSION Early medicamentous prophylaxis can prevent deep vein thrombosis after pelvic trauma. Delayed applications due to pelvic operations are risk factors. In such cases duplex scanning should be performed routinely and postoperative medicamentous prophylaxis should be increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Böhme
- Klinik für Unfall-, Wiederherstellungs- und Plastische Chirurgie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Comparison of the central corneal refractive power before and after myopic LASIK using the Keratograph and the Pentacam. The Scheimpflug technique (Pentacam) enables the measurement of the corneal refractive power by examining the anterior and posterior corneal curvature. METHOD The corneal refractive power of 59 eyes was examined before, 3 months and 6 months after myopic LASIK. The refractive power was measured at the corneal apex and at a distance of 2 and 4 mm. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test; a p value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant. RESULTS At the corneal apex and at a distance of 2 mm the findings with the Keratograph showed a higher refractive power of up to 1.05 D. The differences were statistically significant at all times. At a distance of 4 mm from the corneal apex postoperatively there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION The results using the Pentacam system showed a lower corneal refractive power following myopic LASIK at all times. Its measuring principle compared to that of the Keratograph should be preferred when detecting changes of the refractive power of the central cornea after corneal refractive procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C-A Lackerbauer
- Centrum für refraktive Therapie, Universitätsaugenklinik München, München, Deutschland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Iosub R, Klug J, Fijak M, Schneider E, Fröhlich S, Blumbach K, Wennemuth G, Sommerhoff CP, Steinhoff M, Meinhardt A. Development of testicular inflammation in the rat involves activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2. J Pathol 2006; 208:686-98. [PMID: 16450334 DOI: 10.1002/path.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are involved in early events crucial to inflammation and autoimmune disease. Recently, proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR(2)), a G-protein coupled receptor important to injury responses, was shown to be activated by mast cell tryptase. To investigate whether mast cells and PAR(2) are involved in the development and/or aggravation of testicular inflammation, we studied acute and chronic inflammatory models in the rat. In normal testes, PAR(2) was detected immunohistochemically in macrophages, in peritubular cells (PTCs) and in spermatid acrosomes. In experimentally induced autoimmune orchitis (EAO), PAR(2) was strongly upregulated in macrophages and peritubular-like cells, forming concentric layers around granulomas. Mast cells increased 10-fold in number, were more widely distributed throughout the interstitial tissue, and were partially degranulated. Isolated PTCs expressed functional PAR(2), responded to PAR(2) activation by phosphorylating extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and activating protein kinase c, and increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations as well as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor beta(2) (TGFbeta(2)), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression. Expression of these inflammatory mediators, together with iNOS, also increased significantly in testes 50 days after EAO. In vivo, expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators was upregulated after injection of recombinant tryptase (MCP-1, TGFbeta(2), and COX-2) and a specific PAR(2) peptide agonist (MCP-1, TGFbeta(2)) in the testis after 5 h. These results suggest that PAR(2) activation elicited on PTCs by mast cell tryptase contributes to acute testicular inflammation and that this pathogenetic mechanism may also play a role in autoimmune orchitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Iosub
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Unit of Reproductive Biology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Grosu AL, Fröhlich S, Nieder C, Stärk S, Ciuchendea M, Weber W, Jäger R, Lumenta C, Tonn J, Molls M. Treatment of Benign Meningiomas with Stereotactic Fractionated Radiotherapy. Skull Base 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-916478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
31
|
Fröhlich S, Lotz M, Larson B, Lübbert A, Schügerl K, Seekamp M. Characterization of a pilot plant airlift tower loop reactor: III. Evaluation of local properties of the dispersed gas phase during yeast cultivation and in model media. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 38:56-64. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260380108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
32
|
Fröhlich S, Lotz M, Korte T, Lübbert A, Schügerl K, Seekamp M. Characterization of a pilot plant airlift tower loop bioreactor. I: Evaluation of the phase properties with model media. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 38:43-55. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260380107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
33
|
Fröhlich S, Lotz M, Korte T, Lübbert A, Schügerl K, Seekamp M. Characterization of a pilot plant airlift tower loop bioreactor: II. Evaluation of global mixing properties of the gas phase during yeast cultivation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 37:910-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260371003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
34
|
Gutiérrez-Lobos K, Fröhlich S, Quiner S, Haring C, Barnas C. [Prescription patterns and quality of information provided for consumers of benzodiazepines]. Acta Med Austriaca 2001; 28:56-9. [PMID: 11382144 DOI: 10.1046/j.1563-2571.2001.01013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The long-time benzodiazepine use by a considerable part of the population and its adverse consequences such as somatic and cognitive side effects, interactions with other drugs and alcohol and its possible impairment of quality of life has provoked a critical discussion about the practice of prescribing benzodiazepine and the information provided by physicians. We therefore investigated these issues in admitted patients of a general hospital. All patients having been admitted to the department of Internal Medicine and taking benzodiazepine were asked by means of a semi-structured interview, which was repeated after 1 year. In 90% of later benzodiazepine discontinuers and in almost 50% of benzodiazepine continuers, tranquilisers were first prescribed during hospital admission. Only 2% of all patients estimated the information provided by the prescribing physicians as satisfying and about 2/3 reported that they did not get any information at all. 66% of all patients were informed about dependency risks. This information was mainly provided by pharmacies, friends and patient information leaflets; only about 20% of all patients were informed by the prescribing physician. Guidelines for tranquiliser prescription only seem to have a poor impact on the clinical practice. The education of physicians about the risks of low-dose dependencies and especially about complementary therapy methods needs to be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Gutiérrez-Lobos
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Wien.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Stöhr H, Mah N, Schulz HL, Gehrig A, Fröhlich S, Weber BH. EST mining of the UniGene dataset to identify retina-specific genes. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2001; 91:267-77. [PMID: 11173868 DOI: 10.1159/000056856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disorder affecting the visual system with a high prevalence among the elderly population but with no effective therapy available at present. To better understand the pathogenesis of this disorder, the identification of the genetic factors and the determination of their contribution to AMD is needed. Towards this goal, we are pursuing a strategy that makes use of the EST data processed in the UniGene database and aims at the generation of a comprehensive catalogue of genes preferentially active in the human retina. Subsequently, these genes will be systematically assessed in AMD. We performed a retina EST sampling and obtained a total of 673 clusters containing only retina ESTs as well as 568 clusters with at least 30% of the ESTs in each cluster originating from retina cDNA libraries. Of these, 180 representative EST clusters with varying retina and non-retina EST contents were analyzed for their in vitro expression. This approach identified 39 transcripts with retina-specific expression. One of these genes (C18orf2) mapping to chromosome 18 was further characterized. Multiple C18orf2 transcripts display a complex pattern of differential splicing in the human retina. The various isoforms encode hypothetical polypeptides with no homologies to known proteins or protein motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Stöhr
- Institut für Humangenetik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg , Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gutiérrez-Lobos K, Fröhlich S, Miller C, Whitworth AB, Quiner S, Barnas C. A comparison of patterns of tranquiliser intake, anxiety and health locus of control between short- and long-term benzodiazepine users. Neuropsychobiology 2001; 42:187-91. [PMID: 11096334 DOI: 10.1159/000026692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of physical illness, health locus of control and anxiety level on long- and short-term benzodiazepine (BZD) use in patients of an internal medicine department. There was no significant difference observed between the continuing and discontinuing group after hospital admission in terms of average daily dose of BZD. However, the continuing patients rated the condition of their somatic illness significantly higher than the discontinuing group, although this difference was not confirmed by the objective assessment of the treating physician. The non-continuing group displayed significantly higher control over health- and sickness-related events. The somatic and physical anxiety factor was significantly higher in the continuing group at initial investigation as well as at follow-up. On the basis of these results, we conclude that an increased focus on the psychosomatic element might reduce the risk of long-term tranquiliser use in patients with physical illness.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jörres A, Bender TO, Finn A, Witowski J, Fröhlich S, Gahl GM, Frei U, Keck H, Passlick-Deetjen J. Biocompatibility and buffers: effect of bicarbonate-buffered peritoneal dialysis fluids on peritoneal cell function. Kidney Int 1998; 54:2184-93. [PMID: 9853285 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00178.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDF) have been shown to compromise the function of both leukocytes and human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC). Various in vitro studies have identified the low initial pH in combination with high lactate content, as well as the hyperosmolality and high glucose concentration present in currently used solutions as the primary determinants of their bioincompatibility. Bicarbonate buffered PDF (at neutral pH) display improved in vitro biocompatibility as compared to conventional, lactate buffered PDF. However, little information is currently available regarding the potential impact of PDF on the function of human peritoneal fibroblasts (HPFB), the major cell population present in peritoneal interstitium. METHODS The current study compares the effect of bicarbonate and lactate buffered PDF in a model system of resting peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibroblasts cultured from human omentum. Interleukin-1 beta-stimulated IL-6 release from HPMC and HPFB was used as the cell functional parameter. RESULTS While short (30 min) pre-exposure to lactate buffered PDF significantly reduced the IL-1 beta-stimulated IL-6 release from HPMC during a subsequent recovery period (24 hr), a significant decrease in HPMC IL-6 secretion with bicarbonate buffered PDF was only observed after prolonged (> or = 60 min) exposure. In contrast, no significant IL-6 inhibition was detected with HPFB pre-exposed to PDF for up to 90 minutes. A significant suppression of HPFB IL-6 secretion was only observed in coincubation experiments (24 hr) with dilutions of both types of PDF. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that (i) bicarbonate buffered PDF are less inhibitory to peritoneal cell function as compared to conventional, lactate buffered PDF; and (ii) HPFB may be more resistant than HPMC to bioincompatible PDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jörres
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive-Care Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakultät, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
This report describes dual infection with Citrobacter freundii and Haemophilus influenzae type b causing septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the elbow in a previously healthy 5-year-old boy. The patient was treated successfully with intravenous fosfomycin for 4 weeks. Infections with Citrobacter beyond the neonatal period are rare in paediatric patients. When Citrobacter spp. is isolated, coinfection with other bacterial pathogens should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Stricker
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bauer WR, Roder F, Hiller KH, Han H, Fröhlich S, Rommel E, Haase A, Ertl G. The effect of perfusion on T1 after slice-selective spin inversion in the isolated cardioplegic rat heart: measurement of a lower bound of intracapillary-extravascular water proton exchange rate. Magn Reson Med 1997; 38:917-23. [PMID: 9402192 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910380610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many NMR measurements of cardiac microcirculation (perfusion, intramyocardial blood volume) depend on some kind of assumption of intracapillary-extravascular water exchange rate, e.g., fast exchange. The magnitude of this water exchange rate, however, is still unknown. The intention of this study was to determine a lower limit for this exchange rate by investigating the effect of perfusion on relaxation time. Studies were performed in the isolated perfused cardioplegic rat heart. After slice-selective inversion, the spin lattice relaxation rate of myocardium within the slice was studied as a function of perfusion and compared with a mathematical model which predicts relaxation rate as a function of perfusion and intracapillary-extravascular exchange rate. A linear relationship was found between relaxation rate T(-1) and perfusion P normalized by perfusate/tissue partition coefficient of water, lambda: deltaT(-1) = m x deltaP/lambda with 0.82 < or = m < or = 1.06. Insertion of experimental data in the model revealed that a lower bound of the exchange rate from intra- to extravascular space is 6.6 s(-1) (4.5 s(-1), P < 0.05), i.e., the intracapillary lifetime of a water molecule is less than 150 ms (222 ms, P < 0.05). Based on this finding, the T1 mapping after slice-selective inversion could become a valuable noncontrast NMR method to measure variations of perfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W R Bauer
- II. Medizinische Universitätsklinik Mannheim/Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nadal D, Guzman J, Fröhlich S, Braun DG. Human immunoglobulin preparations suppress the occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferation. Exp Hematol 1997; 25:223-31. [PMID: 9091298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lymphoproliferation by three commercial human immunoglobulin (hu-Ig) preparations, one enriched with immunoglobulin A (hu-IgA-IgG) and the other two containing more than 97% immunoglobulin G (hu-IgG) with anti-EBV antibodies was studied. All three human preparations suppress EBV-induced lymphoproliferation in vitro and reduce release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 dose-dependently, irrespective, however, of the titer of EBV-specific antibodies present. This result was unexpected. Human Ig also reduces human recombinant IL-6-induced lymphoproliferation in EBV-free cultures and augments low-dose human recombinant IL-10-provoked suppression. In vivo studies used mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), reconstituted with human tonsillar mononuclear cells, and then infected with EBV from B95-8-derived supernatants. Immediate injection of hu-Ig after EBV infection, if given only once, delayed, and if given every two or four weeks, abolished the induction of EBV-associated lymphomas. Delay of hu-Ig injection by 48 hours after infection was less effective. Hu-IgG was consistently more efficacious than hu-IgA-IgG. Under these conditions the best survival rates were obtained with sustained hu-IgG administrations every two weeks. Serum hu-IL-6 and hu-IL-10 were detectable only in lymphoma-bearing SCID mice. Hu-Ig treatment reduced the detectability of both cytokines. These results suggest that hu-Ig-with antibodies to EBV-may exert a beneficial treatment potential for EBV-induced lymphoproliferation in immunocompromised patients. The dependence of this suppressive effect of hu-Ig on specific anti-EBV antibodies in vivo remains to be resolved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Nadal
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Children's Hospital of Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lutz FU, Fröhlich S, Reuhl J. ["Alco Screen"--a reliable method for determining blood alcohol concentration by saliva alcohol concentration?]. Blutalkohol 1993; 30:240-3. [PMID: 8373562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
About two years ago pharmacies in the Federal Republic of Germany began to offer motorists test sticks named "Alco Screen" in order to evaluate the concentration of alcohol in the saliva. According to the producers it should be a quick and simple method giving a high correlation between the alcohol level both in blood and saliva. As advertised, a drunken driver could estimate his own extend of alcohol impairment by himself. We checked the reliability of this method by comparing the alcohol level in the blood with the extend of colour change of the sticks in 20 adult volunteers engaged in drinking tests. 85% of them demonstrated distinct discrepancies. In most cases the saliva concentration estimated was too low. Those, depending on the result of this test kit, take a high risk of being misled and can probably assume sobriety in contrast to their actual state. A warning concerning this test is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F U Lutz
- Zentrum der Rechtsmedizin, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fröhlich S, Maiwald HJ. [Caries prevalence in 6 to 14 years old children--results of the Rostock cross-sectional study]. Stomatol DDR 1990; 40:261-4. [PMID: 2270593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The results of a cross-sectional study of caries prevalence in 22,112 children age 6 to 14 years in Rostock Country are classified as moderate to high according to WHO criterions. Territorial differences in the caries prevalence have a strong connection to the degree of realisation of preventive measures. Over a control period of 20 years the average caries experience in children showed only little changes, a general caries decline couldn't be watched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fröhlich
- Sektion Stomatologie des Bereichs Medizin des Wilhelm-Pieck-Universität, Rostock
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fröhlich S, Kundt G. [Computer aided recording and analysis of dental dates of children from the aggregate list (printed form 2008)]. Stomatol DDR 1989; 39:238-42. [PMID: 2623719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors represent a further program-system for computer aided data processing of the results from the systematic dental examinations in children. The data input starts with the summarized dates of each class fixed in the sumlist (printed form 2008). This program needs less computer capacity and considers the limited availability of personal computers in dentistry for children.
Collapse
|
44
|
Fröhlich S, Kundt G. [Introduction of personal-computers in dentistry for children. 2. Computer-based analysis of data from dental examination in children]. Stomatol DDR 1989; 39:54-8. [PMID: 2623714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In continuation of the program of data recording presented earlier a computer program for analysis and calculation of a data base which consists of the results of dental examination of children is introduced. The presented possibilities of data processing are fitted to the general reports in dentistry of children. They are recommended in solving the problems of a simple and modern data processing in this special field of dentistry.
Collapse
|
45
|
Fröhlich S, Kundt G. [Introduction of personal computers in dentistry for children. 1: Recording of dates of dental examination]. Stomatol DDR 1988; 38:811-6. [PMID: 3253984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
46
|
Maiwald HJ, Fröhlich S. [Dynamics of caries increment of children age 6 to 14 in the district of Rostock]. Stomatol DDR 1988; 38:698-702. [PMID: 3269089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
47
|
Fröhlich S, Beetke E. [The priorities of prevention in children and adolescents]. Stomatol DDR 1982; 32:136-145. [PMID: 6956033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|