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Kleis-Olsen AS, Farlov JE, Petersen EA, Schmücker M, Flensted-Jensen M, Blom I, Ingersen A, Hansen M, Helge JW, Dela F, Larsen S. Metabolic flexibility in postmenopausal women: Hormone replacement therapy is associated with higher mitochondrial content, respiratory capacity, and lower total fat mass. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14117. [PMID: 38404156 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate effects of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women on factors associated with metabolic flexibility related to whole-body parameters including fat oxidation, resting energy expenditure, body composition and plasma concentrations of fatty acids, glucose, insulin, cortisol, and lipids, and for the mitochondrial level, including mitochondrial content, respiratory capacity, efficiency, and hydrogen peroxide emission. METHODS 22 postmenopausal women were included. 11 were undergoing estradiol and progestin treatment (HT), and 11 were matched non-treated controls (CONT). Peak oxygen consumption, maximal fat oxidation, glycated hemoglobin, body composition, and resting energy expenditure were measured. Blood samples were collected at rest and during 45 min of ergometer exercise (65% VO2peak). Muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and immediately post-exercise. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity, efficiency, and hydrogen peroxide emission in permeabilized fibers and isolated mitochondria were measured, and citrate synthase (CS) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity were assessed. RESULTS HT showed higher absolute mitochondrial respiratory capacity and post-exercise hydrogen peroxide emission in permeabilized fibers and higher CS and HAD activities. All respiration normalized to CS activity showed no significant group differences in permeabilized fibers or isolated mitochondria. There were no differences in resting energy expenditure, maximal, and resting fat oxidation or plasma markers. HT had significantly lower visceral and total fat mass compared to CONT. CONCLUSION Use of hormone therapy is associated with higher mitochondrial content and respiratory capacity and a lower visceral and total fat mass. Resting energy expenditure and fat oxidation did not differ between HT and CONT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Kleis-Olsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J E Farlov
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E A Petersen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Schmücker
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Flensted-Jensen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Blom
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Ingersen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Sport Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - J W Helge
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - S Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Rindorf D, Somani B, Traxer O, Kamphuis G, Tailly T, Larsen S, Lotte O, Koo K. Repair rate and associated cost of reusable flexible ureteroscopes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Frandsen J, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Landgrebe A, Dela F, Ruiz JR, Helge JW, Larsen S. The influence of age, sex and cardiorespiratory fitness on maximal fat oxidation rate. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1241-1247. [PMID: 33848440 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fat oxidation decreases with age, yet no studies have previously investigated if aging affects the maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) during exercise in men and women differently. We hypothesized that increased age would be associated with a decline in MFO and this would be more pronounced in women due to menopause, compared with men. In this cross-sectional study design, 435 (247/188, male/female) subjects of varying ages performed a DXA scan, a submaximal graded exercise test and a maximal oxygen uptake test, to measure MFO and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by indirect calorimetry. Subjects were stratified into 12 groups according to sex (male/female), age (<45, 45-55 and >55 years), CRF (below average and above average). Women aged <45 years had a higher MFO relative to fat free mass (FFM) (mg/min/kg) compared with men, regardless of CRF. However, there were no differences in MFO (mg/min/kg FFM) between men and women, in the groups aged between 45-55 and >55 years. In summary, we found that women aged <45 years display a higher MFO (mg/min/kg FFM) compared with men and that this sexual divergence is abolished after the age of 45 years. Novelty: Maximal fat oxidation rate is higher in young women compared with men. This sex-related difference is attenuated after the age of 45 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness does not influence this sex-related difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Frandsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.,PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - A Landgrebe
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Geriatrics, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - J W Helge
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Ryd閚 Suther K, de Lange C, Brun H, Svendsmark R, Nguyen B, Larsen S, Smevik B, Eltvedt Fiane A, Lauritz Lindberg H, Hopp E. 3.0T MR Coronary Angiography after Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of The Great Arteries—Gd-FLASH Versus Non-Enhanced SSFP. A Feasibility Study. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2021. [DOI: 10.32604/chd.2021.014164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ellingsen-Dalskau K, Mejdell CM, Holand T, Ottesen N, Larsen S. Estimation of minimum tolerated milk temperature for feeding dairy calves with small- and large-aperture teat bottles: A complementary dose-response study. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:10651-10657. [PMID: 32896411 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
At birth, calves are functionally monogastric and remain so for the first weeks of life. Milk in the rumen may cause indigestion, diarrhea, and reduced growth. Calves are often fed cold milk from a large-aperture teat, but warm milk and sucking behavior are believed to trigger the esophageal reflex. The aim of this study was to use radiography to estimate the lowest milk temperature that can be given to dairy calves at high and low intake rates without causing milk in the rumen. Our hypothesis was that cold milk drunk at high speed would cause insufficient closure of the esophageal groove and hence milk in the rumen. Fifteen Norwegian Red calves, 9 to 27 d of age, weighing between 45.5 and 71.0 kg, were tested according to the response surface pathway design. Each calf was offered 4 L of milk from both a small- (2 mm) and a large-aperture (19 mm) teat. The milk contained barium sulfate, and radiography was applied before, during, and after the milk meal. Following radiography, the calves were returned to a group pen and observed for 2 h using continuous live behavioral observation to detect signs of abdominal pain or discomfort. Starting with a low number of subjects and increasing this number with increasing design levels reduces the sample size without reducing the statistical power. The minimum milk temperature was estimated to be 8°C. No behavioral signs of pain or discomfort were observed, but shivering was noted in several calves drinking 8°C milk. These results strengthen the argument that calves can be fed large milk meals without risk of causing milk in the rumen, even cold milk drunk at high speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ellingsen-Dalskau
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Adamstuen, N-0106 Oslo, Norway.
| | - C M Mejdell
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Adamstuen, N-0106 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Holand
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Adamstuen, N-0102 Oslo, Norway
| | - N Ottesen
- Institute of Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Adamstuen, N-0102 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Larsen
- Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Adamstuen, N-0102 Oslo, Norway
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Stokstad M, Coetzee P, Myrmel M, Mutowembwa P, Venter EH, Larsen S. Refined experimental design may increase the value of murine models for estimation of bluetongue virus virulence. Lab Anim 2020; 55:53-64. [PMID: 32588735 DOI: 10.1177/0023677220930056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bluetongue is a serious non-contagious vector-borne viral disease in ruminants, causing poor animal welfare and economic consequences globally. Concern has been raised about the development of novel bluetongue virus (BTV) strains and their possibly altered virulence through the process of viral reassortment. Virulence is traditionally estimated in lethal dose 50 (LD50) studies in murine models, but agreement with both in vitro and virulence in ruminants is questionable, and a refined experimental design is needed. Specific reassortants between wild-type and vaccine strains of BTV-1, -6 and -8 have previously been developed by reverse genetics. The aim of the present study was to rank the in vivo virulence of these parental and reassortant BTV strains by calculating LD50 in a murine model by using an experimental design that is new to virology: a between-patient optimised three-level response surface pathway design. The inoculation procedure was intracranial. Fifteen suckling mice were used to establish LD50 for each strain. Three parental and five reassortant virus strains were included. The LD50s varied from of 0.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0-0.20) to 3.3 (95% CI 2.96-3.72) tissue culture infectious dose 50/ml. The results support the hypothesis that reassortment in BTV may lead to increased virulence in mice with potential negative consequences for the natural ruminant host. The ranking showed low agreement with in vitro properties and virulence in ruminants according to existing literature. Refined design such as response surface pathway design was found suitable for use in virology, and it introduces significant ethical and scientific improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stokstad
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, 56625Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
| | - Peter Coetzee
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, 56410University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mette Myrmel
- Virology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 56625Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
| | - Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa
- Agricultural Research Council - 71909Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (Transboundary Animal Diseases), South Africa
| | - Estelle H Venter
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, 56410University of Pretoria, South Africa.,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 8001James Cook University, Australia
| | - Stig Larsen
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, 56625Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
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Jespersen NR, Hjortbak MV, Lassen TR, Stoettrup NB, Johnsen J, Tonnesen PT, Larsen S, Kimose HH, Boetker HE. P3487Pre-ischemic succinate dehydrogenase inhibition is protective against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat and human myocardium with and without diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury can be attenuated through modulation of mitochondrial metabolism with succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition by dimethyl malonate (DiMAL). However, it is unknown whether SDH inhibition yields protection in aged, diabetic individuals and whether protection translate into human cardiac tissue.
Purpose
We wished to evaluate if SDH inhibition can be protective in aged, diabetic rat hearts and could be translated to the human myocardium.
Methods
We studied infarct size in aged non-diabetic and diabetic rat hearts subjected to isolated, retrograde perfusion and global ischemia and reperfusion. The hearts were randomized to: Sham hearts, IR injured hearts and IR injured hearts co-perfused with 0.1 mM or 0.6 mM DiMAL. Infarct size and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were evaluated post-ischemic. To translate our findings into human cardiac tissue, we tested the efficacy of DiMAL treatment in human atrial trabeculae from patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing cardiac surgery. We randomized atrial trabeculae to: IR injury, IR injury treated with ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and IR injury treated with 5 mM DiMAL. Contractile force recovery and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were evaluated post-ischemic.
Results
In non-diabetic rat hearts, DiMAL 0.1 mM reduced infarct size/area-at-risk (IS/AAR) compared to IR hearts (53±7% vs. 69±6% of IS/AAR; p<0.05). In diabetic hearts, an increased concentration of 0.6 mM DiMAL was required to confer protection (62±13% vs. 80±8% of IS/AAR; p<0.05). Mitochondrial complex I linked respiratory capacity was higher in both Sham and DiMAL 0.1 mM groups than with DiMAL 0.6 mM in non-diabetic hearts (157.4±26.5 and 140.0±35.3 vs. 81.8±42.4 pmol O2/(s*mg); p<0.01 and p<0.05). In trabeculae from humans without diabetes mellitus, IPC and DiMAL improved contractile force recovery compared to IR (43±12% and 43±13% vs. 23±13%, p<0.05). In trabeculae from patients with diabetes, IPC but not DiMAL administration improved contractile force recovery compared to IR (48±16% and 19±7% vs. 25±13%, p<0.01 and p>0.99). Mitochondrial complex I linked respiration capacity did not improve by IPC or DiMAL compared to IR in non-diabetic trabeculae (p>0.99).
Conclusion
Inhibition of the SDH by DiMAL protects the aged non-diabetic and diabetic heart from IR injury but the threshold for cardioprotection is increased in diabetic rat hearts. DiMAL provides cardioprotection similar to IPC in non-diabetic trabeculae but does not protect the human diabetic myocardium when given in identical concentrations. SDH inhibition can provide protection in both animal and human tissue and may provide a new target for pharmacologic conditioning in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Jespersen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M V Hjortbak
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T R Lassen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - N B Stoettrup
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J Johnsen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P T Tonnesen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S Larsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H H Kimose
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - H E Boetker
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Simpson RC, Cooper SM, Kirtschig G, Larsen S, Lawton S, McPhee M, Murphy R, Nunns D, Rees S, Tarpey M, Thomas KS. Future research priorities for lichen sclerosus - results of a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1236-1237. [PMID: 30472735 PMCID: PMC6850137 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R C Simpson
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane, Nottingham, NG7 2NR, U.K
| | - S M Cooper
- Department of Dermatology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, U.K
| | | | | | - S Lawton
- Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust, Rotherham, U.K
| | - M McPhee
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane, Nottingham, NG7 2NR, U.K
| | - R Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, U.K
| | - D Nunns
- Department of Gynaecology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, U.K
| | - S Rees
- University of Warwick, Warwick, U.K
| | - M Tarpey
- James Lind Alliance, National Institute for Health Research Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (NETSCC), University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K
| | - K S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane, Nottingham, NG7 2NR, U.K
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Butthongkomvong K, Raunroadroong N, Sorrarichingchai S, Sangsaikae I, Srimuninnimit V, Harling H, Larsen S. Efficacy and tolerability of BP-C1 in metastatic breast cancer: a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled Thai multi-center study. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2019; 11:43-51. [PMID: 30666153 PMCID: PMC6336026 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s174298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of BP-C1 vs equal-looking placebo in metastatic breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-center study with a semicross-over design was performed. Sixteen patients received daily intramuscular injection of 0.035 mg/kg bodyweight of BP-C1 and 15 patients received equal-looking placebo for 32 days. After 32 days, the placebo patients crossed to BP-C1 with the last observation in the placebo period as baseline. The status of receptors including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PtR), and human EGF receptor 2 (HER2) was analyzed prior to inclusion in the study. Thoracoabdominal CT scan was blindly analyzed by the same independent radiologist in accordance with the RECIST criteria 1.1. Toxicity was assessed according to the NCI Bethesda Version 2.0 (CTC-NCI), and the quality of life (QOL) was assessed according to European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL-C30 and QOL-BR23. RESULTS The sum of target lesion diameters (sum lesions) after 32 days of treatment increased by 8.9% (P=0.08) in the BP-C1 arm compared to 37.6% (P<0.001) in placebo patients. Twelve of the 15 placebo patients subsequently had BP-C1 treatment. The increase in sum lesions was 3.5% in these patients. The sum of CTC-NCI was increased 18.7% in the BP-C1 arm (P=0.38) compared to 50.9% (P=0.04) in placebo patients. Four mild/moderate adverse events (AEs) present in BP-C1. Two mild/moderate AEs and one severe AE present in placebo. The QOL benchmarks "breast cancer problems last week", "sexual interest and activity last 4 weeks", and "breast cancer-related pain and discomfort last week" were stable in the BP-C1 arm but deteriorated in placebo patients. The sum lesions increased significantly in ER+ (P=0.02) and PtR+ (P=0.03) but not in HER2+. The increase in sum lesions significantly decreased (P=0.02) with an increasing number of negative receptors. CONCLUSION A total of 32 days of BP-C1 treatment inhibited cancer growth and was well tolerated with few and mainly mild AEs. The efficacy of BP-C1 was superior in receptor-negative patients. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT03603197.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vichien Srimuninnimit
- Division of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Henrik Harling
- Bispebjerg University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Digestive Disease, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig Larsen
- Digestive Disease Center, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway,
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Thomsen K, Larsen S, Christophersen L, Lerche C, Høiby N, Moser C. WS04.2 Azithromycin treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection potentiates IgY pulmonary protection in vivo. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kabani K, Zarkos K, Wright C, Salisbury H, Larsen S, Gibson J. Long term storage effects of cryopreserved haematopoietic stem cell peripheral blood products. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Lund MT, Larsen S, Hansen M, Courraud J, Floyd AK, Støckel M, Helge JW, Dela F. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity remains stable despite a comprehensive and sustained increase in insulin sensitivity in obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 223:e13032. [PMID: 29330917 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM It has been proposed, but not yet demonstrated by convincing evidence in published articles, that insulin resistance and mitochondrial respiratory function are causally related physiological phenomena. Here, we tested the prediction that weight loss-induced increase in insulin sensitivity will correlate with a corresponding change in mitochondrial respiratory capacity over the same time period. METHODS Insulin sensitivity was evaluated using the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp technique, and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity was evaluated by high-resolution respirometry in 26 patients with obesity. Each experiment was performed ~2 months and 1-2 weeks before, and ~4 and ~19 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. RESULTS A substantial weight loss was observed in all patients, and insulin sensitivity increased in all patients over the 21-months time period of the study. In contrast, skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity, intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory capacity and mitochondrial content remained unchanged over the same time period. CONCLUSION Among obese patients with and without type 2 diabetes undergoing RYGB surgery, intrinsic mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle is not correlated with insulin sensitivity before or after the surgical intervention. Mitochondrial respiratory function may not be germane to the pathophysiology and/or aetiology of obesity and/or type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Lund
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Surgery; Holbak Hospital; Holbak Denmark
| | - S. Larsen
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Hansen
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Courraud
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Danish Center for Newborn screening; Department of Congenital Disorders; Statens Serum Institut; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. K. Floyd
- Department of Surgery; Holbak Hospital; Holbak Denmark
| | - M. Støckel
- Department of Surgery; Herlev University Hospital; Herlev Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - F. Dela
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics; Bispebjerg University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
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13
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Søgaard D, Lund MT, Scheuer CM, Dehlbaek MS, Dideriksen SG, Abildskov CV, Christensen KK, Dohlmann TL, Larsen S, Vigelsø AH, Dela F, Helge JW. High-intensity interval training improves insulin sensitivity in older individuals. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222:e13009. [PMID: 29197155 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Metabolic health may deteriorate with age as a result of altered body composition and decreased physical activity. Endurance exercise is known to counter these changes delaying or even preventing onset of metabolic diseases. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time efficient alternative to regular endurance exercise, and the aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic benefit of HIIT in older subjects. METHODS Twenty-two sedentary male (n = 11) and female (n = 11) subjects aged 63 ± 1 years performed HIIT training three times/week for 6 weeks on a bicycle ergometer. Each HIIT session consisted of five 1-minute intervals interspersed with 1½-minute rest. Prior to the first and after the last HIIT session whole-body insulin sensitivity, measured by a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp, plasma lipid levels, HbA1c, glycaemic parameters, body composition and maximal oxygen uptake were assessed. Muscle biopsies were obtained wherefrom content of glycogen and proteins involved in muscle glucose handling were determined. RESULTS Insulin sensitivity (P = .011) and maximal oxygen uptake increased (P < .05) in both genders, while plasma cholesterol (P < .05), low-density lipoprotein (P < .05), visceral fat mass (P < .05) and per cent body fat (P < .05) decreased after 6 weeks of HIIT. HbA1c decreased only in males (P = .001). Muscle glycogen content increased in both genders (P = .001) and in line GLUT4 (P < .05), glycogen synthase (P = .001) and hexokinase II (P < .05) content all increased. CONCLUSION Six weeks of HIIT significantly improves metabolic health in older males and females by reducing age-related risk factors for cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Søgaard
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - M. T. Lund
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C. M. Scheuer
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. S. Dehlbaek
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. G. Dideriksen
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C. V. Abildskov
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - K. K. Christensen
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - T. L. Dohlmann
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Larsen
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. H. Vigelsø
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - F. Dela
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics; Bispebjerg University hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Xlab; Centre of Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Suther KR, Hopp E, Smevik B, Fiane AE, Lindberg HL, Larsen S, de Lange C. Can visual analogue scale be used in radiologic subjective image quality assessment? Pediatr Radiol 2018; 48:1567-1575. [PMID: 29974179 PMCID: PMC6153875 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-018-4187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of qualitative or subjective image quality in radiology is traditionally performed using a fixed-point scale even though reproducibility has proved challenging. OBJECTIVE Image quality of 3-T coronary magnetic resonance (MR) angiography was evaluated using three scoring methods, hypothesizing that a continuous scoring scale like visual analogue scale would improve the assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adolescents corrected for transposition of the great arteries with arterial switch operation, ages 9-15 years (n=12), and healthy, age-matched controls (n=12), were examined with 3-D steady-state free precession magnetic resonance imaging. Image quality of the coronary artery origin was evaluated by using a fixed-point scale (1-4), visual analogue scale of 10 cm and a visual analogue scale with reference points (figurative visual analogue scale). Satisfactory image quality was set to a fixed-point scale 3=visual analogue scale/figurative visual analogue scale 6.6 cm. Statistical analysis was performed using Cohen kappa coefficient and agreement index. RESULTS The mean interobserver scores for the fixed-point scale, visual analogue scale and figurative visual analogue scale were, respectively, in the left main stem 2.8, 5.7, 7.0; left anterior descending artery 2.8, 4.7, 6.6; circumflex artery 2.5, 4.5, 6.2, and right coronary artery 3.2, 6.3, 7.7. Scoring with a fixed-point scale gave an intraobserver κ of 0.52-0.77 while interobserver κ was lacking. For visual analogue scale and figurative visual analogue scale, intraobserver agreement indices were, respectively, 0.08-0.58 and 0.43-0.71 and interobserver agreement indices were up to 0.5 and 0.65, respectively. CONCLUSION Qualitative image quality evaluation with coronary 3-D steady-state free precession MR angiography, using a visual analogue scale with reference points, had better reproducibility compared to a fixed-point scale and visual analogue scale. Image quality, being a continuum, may be better determined by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Rydén Suther
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Einar Hopp
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjarne Smevik
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnt Eltvedt Fiane
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Lauritz Lindberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Larsen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charlotte de Lange
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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Meinild Lundby AK, Jacobs RA, Gehrig S, de Leur J, Hauser M, Bonne TC, Flück D, Dandanell S, Kirk N, Kaech A, Ziegler U, Larsen S, Lundby C. Exercise training increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial volume density by enlargement of existing mitochondria and not de novo biogenesis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28580772 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS (i) To determine whether exercise-induced increases in muscle mitochondrial volume density (MitoVD ) are related to enlargement of existing mitochondria or de novo biogenesis and (ii) to establish whether measures of mitochondrial-specific enzymatic activities are valid biomarkers for exercise-induced increases in MitoVD . METHOD Skeletal muscle samples were collected from 21 healthy males prior to and following 6 weeks of endurance training. Transmission electron microscopy was used for the estimation of mitochondrial densities and profiles. Biochemical assays, western blotting and high-resolution respirometry were applied to detect changes in specific mitochondrial functions. RESULT MitoVD increased with 55 ± 9% (P < 0.001), whereas the number of mitochondrial profiles per area of skeletal muscle remained unchanged following training. Citrate synthase activity (CS) increased (44 ± 12%, P < 0.001); however, there were no functional changes in oxidative phosphorylation capacity (OXPHOS, CI+IIP ) or cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. Correlations were found between MitoVD and CS (P = 0.01; r = 0.58), OXPHOS, CI+CIIP (P = 0.01; R = 0.58) and COX (P = 0.02; R = 0.52) before training; after training, a correlation was found between MitoVD and CS activity only (P = 0.04; R = 0.49). Intrinsic respiratory capacities decreased (P < 0.05) with training when respiration was normalized to MitoVD. This was not the case when normalized to CS activity although the percentage change was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: MitoVD was increased by inducing mitochondrial enlargement rather than de novo biogenesis. CS activity may be appropriate to track training-induced changes in MitoVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.-K. Meinild Lundby
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - R. A. Jacobs
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Biology; University of Colorado; Denver CO USA
| | - S. Gehrig
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - J. de Leur
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - M. Hauser
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - T. C. Bonne
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - D. Flück
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - S. Dandanell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - N. Kirk
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - A. Kaech
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - U. Ziegler
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - S. Larsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C. Lundby
- Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
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Qvigstad E, Arnesen H, Larsen S, Wickstrøm E, Sandset P, Høibraaten E. Increased Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism during Hormone Replacement Therapy. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1614156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryRecent observational studies suggest a 2-4 fold increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The present study was started before publication of these studies, and the aim was to determine if HRT alters the risk of VTE in high risk women. The study was a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial with a doubletriangular sequential design. Females with previously verified VTE were randomized to 2 mg estradiol plus 1 mg norethisterone acetate, 1 tablet daily (n = 71) or placebo (n = 69). The primary outcome was recurrent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Between 1996 and 1998 a total of 140 women were included. The study was terminated prematurely based on the results of circumstantial evidence emerging during the trial. Eight women in the HRT group and one woman in the placebo group developed VTE. The incidence of VTE was 10.7% in the HRT group and 2.3% in the placebo group. In the HRT group, all events happened within 261 days after inclusion. The sequential design did not stop the study, but strongly indicated a difference between the two groups. Our data strongly suggests that women who have previously suffered a VTE have an increased risk of recurrence on HRT. This treatment should therefore be avoided in this patient group if possible. The results also support those of recent epidemiological studies, which also indicate increased risk of VTE in non-selected female populations during HRT.
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Holand T, Ellingsen K, Dewi S, Larsen S. Randomized response surface pathway design with odd response outcomes in a Latin Square designed study. OAJCT 2017. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s139884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Labori KJ, Guren MG, Brudvik KW, Røsok BI, Waage A, Nesbakken A, Larsen S, Dueland S, Edwin B, Bjørnbeth BA. Resection of synchronous liver metastases between radiotherapy and definitive surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer: short-term surgical outcomes, overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:731-738. [PMID: 28181384 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM There is debate as to the correct treatment algorithm sequence for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with liver metastases. The aim of the study was to assess safety, resectability and survival after a modified 'liver-first' approach. METHOD This was a retrospective study of patients undergoing preoperative radiotherapy for the primary rectal tumour, followed by liver resection and, finally, resection of the primary tumour. Short-term surgical outcome, overall survival and recurrence-free survival are reported. RESULTS Between 2009 and 2013, 45 patients underwent liver resection after preoperative radiotherapy. Thirty-four patients (76%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 24 (53%) concomitant chemotherapy during radiotherapy and 17 (43%) adjuvant chemotherapy. The median time interval from the last fraction of radiotherapy to liver resection and rectal surgery was 21 (range 7-116) and 60 (range 31-156) days, respectively. Rectal resection was performed in 42 patients but was not performed in one patient with complete response and two with progressive metastatic disease. After rectal surgery three patients did not proceed to a planned second stage liver (n = 2) or lung (n = 1) resection due to progressive disease. Clavien-Dindo ≥Grade III complications developed in 6.7% after liver resection and 19% after rectal resection. The median overall survival and recurrence-free survival in the patients who completed the treatment sequence (n = 40) were 49.7 and 13.0 months, respectively. Twenty of the 30 patients who developed recurrence underwent further treatment with curative intent. CONCLUSION The modified liver-first approach is safe and efficient in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and allows initial control of both the primary tumour and the liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Labori
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - M G Guren
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - K W Brudvik
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B I Røsok
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Waage
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Nesbakken
- K. G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Larsen
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Dueland
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Edwin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Intervention Centre, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B A Bjørnbeth
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Holand T, Dewi S, Larsen S. Development of a randomized two-dimensional response surface pathway design with two interventional and one response variables. OAJCT 2016. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s115168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
Urine profiles were followed for 3 or 9 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol or saline in 30 rats, where a tubulointerstitial nephropathy was induced by gentamicin given over a 14-day period. Another 10 rats who had an injection of saline served as controls. Iohexol increased the excretion of lactate dehydrogenase significantly more than both saline and diatrizoate for the first 3 days, whereas diatrizoate had no effect. Both media caused significantly increased excretion of L-gamma-glutamyltransferase compared with saline, but iohexol significantly more than diatrizoate. Compared with saline S-creatinine was significantly increased following iohexol at 24 h, 3 and 9 days, and following diatrizoate only at 9 days. Among rats having gentamicin light microscopy revealed more severe changes in kidneys exposed to iohexol than to either diatrizoate or saline 3 days after their injection. Six days later no obvious differences were found between the 3 groups. In conclusion, iohexol induced more renal dysfunction than diatrizoate in this animal model of gentamicin induced nephropathy.
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Abstract
Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT and sodium) were followed for 9 days after intravenous injection of either diatrizoate, iohexol, or saline in 27 Wistar rats with nephrosis induced by Adriamycin 42 days before. Another 9 rats exposed to neither Adriamycin nor contrast media served as controls. None of the contrast media caused further increased albuminuria of significance, whereas both induced significantly increased excretion of all 5 tubular components. The excretion of NAG and sodium was significantly higher following diatrizoate than following iohexol. From 24 h post injection there was no significantly greater excretion of any of the components after either diatrizoate or iohexol than after saline among the rats given Adriamycin. At the end of day 9 after contrast medium injection neither serum sodium, potassium, glucose, urea, creatinine, nor albumin revealed any contrast media related changes. Kidney histology showed quantitatively larger lesions in kidneys exposed to Adriamycin and contrast media than in kidneys exposed to Adriamycin and saline. There were no differences between the two contrast media groups. It is thus concluded, that both high osmolar ionic and low osmolar non-ionic contrast media cause temporary tubular dysfunction but no further glomerular dysfunction in rats with nephrosis induced by Adriamycin. The histologic findings indicate that both media may worsen non-reversible renal lesions.
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Thomsen HS, Larsen S, Hemmingsen L, Holm J, Skaarup P. Nephropathy Induced by Intramuscularly Administered Glycerol and Contrast Media in Rats. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418518903000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT, sodium, and phosphate) were followed for 14 days after intravenous injection of either diatrizoate, iohexol, ioxilan, or saline in 24 Wistar rats with a glomerular and tubular dysfunction induced by intramuscularly (i.m.) administered glycerol. Another 6 rats exposed to neither glycerol nor contrast media served as controls. The effect of ioxilan and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate and iohexol increased it significantly. The contrast media had no further inhibitory effect on the reabsorption of glucose. Iohexol caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes, ioxilan of NAG and LDH, whereas diatrizoate only increased the excretion of LDH. The sodium excretion was further increased by ioxilan and diatrizoate, whereas none of the contrast media affected the phosphaturia. Both ioxilan and iohexol caused a round cell response around the tubules shown by light microscopy whereas diatrizoate caused no further changes. It is concluded that diatrizoate and iohexol increase glomerular dysfunction induced by glycerol i.m.; all three contrast media cause some further increase in the tubular dysfunction. Neither diatrizoate, iohexol nor ioxilan prolong nephropathy induced by glycerol i.m. determined by the chemical analyses. The histologic finding indicates a direct toxic effect of non-ionic low osmolar contrast media in this animal model of nephropathy.
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Thomsen HS, Dorph S, Mygind T, Sovak M, Nielsen H, Rygaard H, Larsen S, Skaarup P, Hemmingsen L, Holm J. Intravenous Injection of Ioxilan, Iohexol and Diatrizoate. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418518802900126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effects of intravenous ioxilan, a new third generation non-ionic contrast medium, diatrizoate, iohexol and saline on urine profiles were compared. Albumin, glucose, sodium, phosphate, and the enzymes NAG, LDH and GGT were followed in 24 normal rats over 7 days. Diatrizoate significantly affected all profile components during the first two hours. Albuminuria was significantly greater after diatrizoate than after iohexol or ioxilan, and excretion of glucose, LDH and GGT was significantly higher than after ioxilan. Both iohexol and ioxilan increased the excretion of albumin, LDH and GGT, while iohexol also significantly increased excretion of glucose and sodium. There was a greater excretion of glucose and GGT after iohexol than after ioxilan. Saline did not induce any changes. At day 7, serum sodium, urea, creatinine, and albumin were normal for all test substances, and kidney histology revealed no difference between the groups of animals. It is thus concluded that both high osmolar ionic and low osmolar non-ionic contrast media may cause temporary glomerular and tubular dysfunction in rats. In this model, the kidney is affected most by diatrizoate, less by iohexol, and least by ioxilan.
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Abstract
Urine profiles were followed for 3 or 9 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol, or saline in 30 adult Wistar rats, which received a low sodium diet for 14 days, and indomethacin intravenously 2 hours and immediately before contrast medium or saline injection. A control group of 10 rats, which also received low sodium diet, got saline alone and no indomethacin or contrast medium. Diatrizoate increased albuminuria during the first 22 hours after its injection whereas iohexol did not have any significant effect on albuminuria. Both contrast media caused tubular dysfunction, but there was significant difference between them during the first 2 hours after injection. Compared to the effect of saline, iohexol but not diatrizoate caused increased excretion of lactate dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase for 2 days. Iodine measurements showed delayed excretion of both media. Light microscopy showed focal location of dilated tubular profiles with hydrophia, which were only present in kidneys exposed to contrast media. It is concluded that in rats fed on a low sodium diet administration of indomethacin in relation to iohexol has a greater tubular cell effect than diatrizoate, which in turn has a greater effect on the glomerular permeability. The excretion of both media is delayed.
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Rygaard H, Dorph S, Thomsen HS, Mygind T, Nielsen H, Larsen S, Skaarup P, Hemmingsen L, Holm J. Effects of Intravenous Injection of Diatrizoate, Iohexol or Ioxilan on Renal Size, Urine Profiles and Blood Profiles in the Rabbit. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418518802900421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diatrizoate, iohexol or ioxilan were injected intravenously in 18 rabbits. The contrast medium passage through the kidneys was recorded on digital subtraction images for the first 50 s followed by 100 mm exposures up to 15 min after injection. The renal area was measured planimetrically. Urine profiles (glucose, phosphate, LDH, GGT, NAG), blood profiles (potassium, urea) and the relative clearance of albumin and sodium were followed for 5 days and compared with a control group injected with saline. All kidneys were examined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. All three contrast media produced excellent arteriograms and urograms. The three different contrast media caused a rapid increase of the kidney area within the first minute, reaching an average maximum of 10 to 12 per cent after 5 min, followed by a gradual decline. Contrary to expectations the increase in renal area was similar for all three contrast media, so hyperosmolality is no likely explanation of this phenomenon. None of the contrast agents caused significant changes in any of the profile components with one exception: the GGT excretion was significantly elevated during the first 24 h after diatrizoate administration as compared with the effect of saline. Light and immunofluorescence microscopy revealed no differences.
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Abstract
Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT and sodium) were followed for 22 h or 8 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol or saline in 30 adult Wistar rats in which nephrotoxicity was induced by daily peroral administration of 25 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A over a 14-day period. Another 10 rats which had the vehicle of the cyclosporin A solution (placebo) and saline injected intravenously served as controls. The effect of iohexol and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate increased it significantly. Both contrast media caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes. The contrast media had no effect on the excretion of glucose and sodium. Except for the fact that the excretion of NAG was significantly higher following iohexol than following diatrizoate 24 to 46 h after injection no significant differences between the two media were found from 24 h after injection among the rats given cyclosporin A. No contrast medium related changes were found by light microscopy of the kidneys. Neither iohexol nor diatrizoate potentiate acute cyclosporin A nephrotoxcity.
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Thomsen HS, Rygaard H, Nielsen SL, Larsen S, Løkkegaard H. Angiography in Non-Functioning Renal Allografts Receiving Cyclosporin A. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/028418518702800317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During a two-year period angiography was performed in 10 out of 40 initially perfused kidney allografts within the first 3 postoperative weeks. Immunosuppression was in all cases performed with cyclosporin A. The indication for angiography was mainly deterioration in the graft function as judged from the renograms or inadequate demonstration of the graft during intravenous radionuclide angiography. At angiography, neither arterial nor venous occlusion was found, and it was normal in 5 patients. It is concluded that during cyclosporin A treatment angiography cannot be recommended on the above mentioned indications in the early postoperative period. A graft biopsy seems sufficient.
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Ellingsen K, Mejdell CM, Ottesen N, Larsen S, Grøndahl AM. The effect of large milk meals on digestive physiology and behaviour in dairy calves. Physiol Behav 2016; 154:169-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Huang Y, Hansen J, Larsen S, Nørgaard A, Sørli J. The Constrained Drop Surfactometer as a tool for toxicological assessment of impregnation spray products. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lindkær-Jensen S, Larsen S, Habib-Lindkær-Jensen N, Fagertun HE. Positive effects on hematological and biochemical imbalances in patients with metastatic breast cancer stage IV, of BP-C1, a new anticancer substance. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:1481-90. [PMID: 25792808 PMCID: PMC4364592 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A benzene-poly-carboxylic acid complex with cis-diammineplatinum(II) dihydrocholride, BP-C1 is currently used in clinical trials in treating metastatic breast cancer. BP-C1 controls tumor growth with a few mild side-effects, improving quality of life. METHODS The data consisted of prospectively collected laboratory results from 47 patients in two controlled clinical trials of daily intramuscular injections of BP-C1 for 32 days. Study I was performed as an open, nonrandomized, Phase I dose-response, multicenter study with a three-level, between-patient, response surface pathway design. The second study was a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled, multicenter study with a stratified semi-crossover design. RESULTS Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) increased significantly (P<0.01) during BP-C1 treatment, while red blood cell (RBC) count increased but not significantly. The most pronounced increase in Hb, RBC, Hct, and white blood cell (WBC) was in anemic patients (P≤0.01). WBC count and neutrophils increased significantly (P=0.01) in the overall data. WBCs and neutrophils (P<0.01), eosinophils (P=0.05) and monocytes (P<0.01) increased significantly and markedly in patients with lowest baseline levels. Additionally, low levels of thrombocytes significantly increased. No changes in liver parameters, amylase, glucose, creatinine, or albumin, were detected except for albumin in the subgroup with low baseline levels, where levels increased significantly (P=0.04). An increase in K(+), Ca(2+), and PO4 (3-) was most pronounced in patients with low baseline levels (P≤0.02). A similar pattern detected for Mg(2+), prothrombin time (PT), coagulation factors II, VII, X (KFNT), and C-reactive protein (CRP), which increased significantly (P≤0.05) in the groups with the lowest values. CONCLUSION Our findings support the safety profile of BP-C1 use in cancer patients. BP-C1 did not induce anemia, infection, bleeding, hepatic insufficiency or electrolyte imbalances. In contrast, BP-C1 corrected abnormalities. No hematological and biochemical toxicity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steen Lindkær-Jensen
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Stig Larsen
- Center of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Science, Oslo, Norway
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Kristiansen VM, Dewi S, Horsberg TE, Jonasdottir TJ, Moe L, Berlinger B, Lindkaer-Jensen S, Larsen S. Tolerability and pharmacokinetic profile of a novel benzene-poly-carboxylic acids complex with cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride in dogs with malignant mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2015; 15:118-132. [PMID: 25764447 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic profile, tolerability and efficacy of benzene-poly-carboxylic acids complex with cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride (BP-C1) were studied in dogs with mammary cancer. A three-level response surface pathway designed trial was performed on seven dogs. At each level BP-C1 was administered subcutaneously daily for 7 days followed by a 7-day rest period in a dose escalating manner. Adverse events according to VCOG-CTCAE, performance status and tumour progression were recorded. The pharmacokinetic profile followed a two-compartment model with rapid absorption, short distribution, and a slow elimination phase. The overall elimination half-life was 125 h. The maximum tolerated dose of BP-C1 was estimated to be above 0.46 mg kg-1 . A significant reduction in VCOG-CTCAE toxicity which correlated negatively with increasing dose was found. The dogs' general performance status remained unchanged. No decrease in total tumour burden was found, although temporary tumour reduction was seen in some target tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Kristiansen
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Dewi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - T E Horsberg
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - T J Jonasdottir
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Moe
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Berlinger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Lindkaer-Jensen
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Larsen
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Larsen S, Krogsgaard DG, Larsen LA, Iachina M, Skytthe A, Frederiksen H. Genetic and environmental influences in Dupuytren's disease: a study of 30,330 Danish twin pairs. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2015; 40:171-6. [PMID: 24835475 PMCID: PMC4810018 DOI: 10.1177/1753193414535720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the relative contribution of genes and environment in the aetiology of Dupuytren's disease by studying Danish twins born between 1870 and 2000. Twins with a diagnosis (n = 365) and the subgroup who also had an operation (n = 259) after 1977 were identified through linkage with a nationwide hospital registry among 30,330 monozygotic and same-sexed dizygotic twin pairs. Since monozygotic twins share all their genes and dizygotic twins share on average half of their genetic material, greater phenotypic similarity is expected in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins if a genetic component is involved. The number of concordant male twin pairs with Dupuytren's disease was 17 and 7 (monozygotic and dizygotic pairs, respectively), compared with 60 and 174 discordant monozygotic and dizygotic pairs, yielding probandwise concordance rates of 0.37 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.26 to 0.50) and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.14), respectively. The heritability of Dupuytren's disease was approximately 80%. We conclude that genetic factors play a major role in the development of Dupuytren's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Larsen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - D. G. Krogsgaard
- Department of Orthopaedics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L. Aagaard Larsen
- The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - M. Iachina
- The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - A. Skytthe
- The Danish Twin Registry, Epidemiology Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - H. Frederiksen
- Department of Haematology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Dahl R, Larsen S, Dohlmann TL, Qvortrup K, Helge JW, Dela F, Prats C. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the human skeletal muscle mitochondrial network as a tool to assess mitochondrial content and structural organization. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:145-55. [PMID: 24684826 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mitochondria undergo continuous changes in shape as result of complex fusion and fission processes. The physiological relevance of mitochondrial dynamics is still unclear. In the field of mitochondria bioenergetics, there is a need of tools to assess cell mitochondrial content. To develop a method to visualize mitochondrial networks in high resolution and assess mitochondrial volume. METHODS Confocal fluorescence microscopy imaging of mitochondrial network stains in human vastus lateralis single muscle fibres and focused ion beam/ scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) imaging, combined with 3D reconstruction was used as a tool to analyse mitochondrial morphology and measure mitochondrial fractional volume. RESULTS Most type I and type II muscle fibres have tubular highly interconnected profusion mitochondria, which are thicker and more structured in type I muscle fibres (Fig. 1). In some muscle fibres, profission-isolated ellipsoid-shaped mitochondria were observed. Mitochondrial volume was significantly higher in type I muscle fibres and showed no correlation with any of the investigated molecular and biochemical mitochondrial measurements (Fig. 2). Three-dimensional reconstruction of FIB/SEM data sets shows that some subsarcolemmal mitochondria are physically interconnected with some intermyofibrillar mitochondria (Fig. 3). CONCLUSION Two microscopy methods to visualize skeletal muscle mitochondrial networks in 3D are described and can be used as tools to investigate mitochondrial dynamics in response to life-style interventions and/or in certain pathologies. Our results question the classification of mitochondria into subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar pools, as they are physically interconnected.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Dahl
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Larsen
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - T. L. Dohlmann
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - K. Qvortrup
- Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - F. Dela
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C. Prats
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Center for Healthy Aging; Copenhagen Denmark
- Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy; Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Larsen S, Butthongkomvong K, Manikhas A, Trishkina E, Poddubuskaya E, Matrosova M, Srimuninnimit V, Lindkær-Jensen S. BP-C1 in the treatment of patients with stage IV breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study and an additional open-label treatment phase. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2014; 6:179-89. [PMID: 25473312 PMCID: PMC4251531 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s71781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aims were to compare the efficacy and tolerability of a new benzene-poly-carboxylic acids complex with cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride (BP-C1) versus placebo and to investigate the long-term tolerability of BP-C1 in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig Larsen
- Department of Controlled Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Life Science, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Alexey Manikhas
- Department of Oncology, City Clinical Oncology, Dispensary, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Trishkina
- Department of Oncology, Leningrad Regional Oncology Centre, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Poddubuskaya
- Department of Oncology, Unit of Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Matrosova
- Department of Oncology, N Novgorod Regional Oncology Dispensary, Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vichien Srimuninnimit
- Division of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Steen Lindkær-Jensen
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Eriksen L, Tolstrup JS, Larsen S, Grønbæk M, Helge JW. A maximal cycle test with good validity and high repeatability in adults of all ages. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35:1184-9. [PMID: 25259589 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1376973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In 11 680 individuals (18-85 years) maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was estimated indirectly in a maximal cycle test using a prediction model developed in a young population (15-28 years). A subsample of 182 individuals (23-77 years) underwent 2 maximal cycle tests with VO2max estimated indirectly in both tests and measured directly in one test. Agreement between the direct measurement and the indirect estimate of VO2max and repeatability of the indirect estimates of VO2max were examined by Bland-Altman plots, limits of agreement (LOA) and coefficient of repeatability (CR). The indirect method (mean VO2max=3 132 ml · min(-1)) underestimated VO2max as compared to the direct method (mean VO2max=3 190 ml · min(-1)) in men (bias: 58 ml · min(-1) (95% LOA-450 and 565)) and overestimated VO2max in women (mean VO2max=2 328 vs. 2 258 ml · min(-1), bias: - 70 ml · min(-1) (95% LOA-468 and 328)). The mean difference between the 2 indirect estimates was non-significant (men: - 11.9 ml · min(-1), women: 18.3 ml · min(-1)) with a CR of 279 ml · min(-1) (8.9%) in men and 274 ml · min(-1) (11.7%) in women. The validity of the indirect method was good despite minor sex-specific bias. Owing to this bias we suggest a new prediction model of VO2max. The maximal cycle test was highly repeatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eriksen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J S Tolstrup
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Larsen
- Centre of Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - M Grønbæk
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J W Helge
- Centre of Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Hare KJ, Bonde L, Svare JA, Randeva HS, Asmar M, Larsen S, Vilsbøll T, Knop FK. Decreased plasma chemerin levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2014; 31:936-40. [PMID: 24628007 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate fasting and post-prandial serum chemerin levels in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes, and again following delivery when normal glucose homeostasis is re-established. METHODS Chemerin levels were measured in serum from nine women with gestational diabetes, and from eight age- and BMI-matched pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance during two meal tests: in the third trimester and 3-4 months post partum. All women with gestational diabetes re-established normal glucose tolerance after delivery. RESULTS Meal intake did not affect serum chemerin levels. The group with gestational diabetes had lower mean serum chemerin levels during the third trimester compared with the group with normal glucose tolerance (28 ± 1.3 vs. 88 ± 3.5 ng/ml, P < 0.0001). In the group with normal glucose tolerance, mean serum chemerin levels decreased significantly post partum to 57 ± 2.8 ng/ml (P = 0.0001), but remained significantly (P = 0.0003) higher than post-partum levels in the group with gestational diabetes (31 ± 1.9 ng/ml), which did not differ significantly from third trimester levels (P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS Normal pregnancy is associated with increased circulating chemerin levels, which may act to reduce pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and prevent glucose intolerance. Women with gestational diabetes, however, have severely reduced chemerin levels that remain low after delivery, which may contribute to the insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and high type 2 diabetes risk associated with gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Hare
- Diabetes Research Division, Department of Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Lupton SJ, Shelver WL, Newman DJ, Larsen S, Smith DJ. Depletion of penicillin G residues in heavy sows after intramuscular injection. Part I: tissue residue depletion. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:7577-7585. [PMID: 25025185 DOI: 10.1021/jf501492v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy sows (n = 126) were treated with penicillin G procaine at a 5× label dose (33 000 IU/kg) for 3 consecutive days by intramuscular (IM) injection using three patterns of drug administration. Treatments differed by injection pattern and injection volume. Sets of sows were slaughtered 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, and 39 days after the last treatment; skeletal muscle, kidney, serum, and urine were collected for penicillin G analysis by LC-MS/MS. Penicillin G at withdrawal day 5 averaged 23.5 ± 10.5 and 3762 ± 1932 ng/g in muscle and kidney, respectively. After 15 days of withdrawal, muscle penicillin G residues were quantifiable in only one treated hog (3.4 ng/g) but averaged 119 ± 199 ng/g in kidneys. Using a hypothetical tolerance of 50 ng/g and a natural log-linear depletion model, the withdrawal period required for penicillin depletion to 50 ng/g was 11 days for skeletal muscle and 47 days for kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lupton
- Agricultural Research Service, Biosciences Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture , 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, North Dakota 58102-2765, United States
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Torda A, Chong Q, Lee A, Chen S, Dodds A, Greenwood M, Larsen S, Gilroy N. Invasive pneumococcal disease following adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2014; 16:751-9. [PMID: 25040633 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) recipients are at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We investigated the incidence and risk factors of IPD in alloHSCT recipients from 4 regional transplant centers over an 11-year period. This study aimed to inform future improvements in post-transplant care. METHODS We conducted a retrospective nested 1:2 case-control study in patients aged ≥18 years who underwent alloHSCT between 2001 and 2011 in 4 major allogeneic transplant centers. Controls were matched with IPD cases on the basis of conditioning intensity and donor relationship (related or unrelated). Demographics and clinical characteristics of cases and controls were summarized. Univariate analysis of risk factors in matched case-control sets, and multivariate conditional logistic regression to control for confounding, were performed. RESULTS In 23 alloHSCT recipients, 26 IPD episodes were identified. The cumulative incidence over 11 years was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-3.15) and the incidence density 956 per 100,000 transplant years of follow-up (95% CI 580-1321). Multivariate risk factor analysis and backwards elimination showed a significant positive association between mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), hyposplenism/asplenia, and IPD, whereas trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) was associated with lower odds of IPD cases. Of alloHSCT recipients with IPD, 38.5% required intensive care, and, of deaths documented in cases over the period of review, 30% were attributable to IPD. Serotypes causing IPD matched currently available vaccines in 15/22 (68.1%) episodes. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of IPD in alloHSCT recipients is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, with rates of disease being many fold higher than the general population. Patients with evidence of hyposplenism/asplenia define a high-risk group in the alloHSCT population for IPD, and the independent association with IPD and MMF in the adjusted model from this study requires further evaluation. The occurrence of post-transplant IPD may be reduced by measures such as vaccination with both 13-valent and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines. TMP/SMX prophylaxis for the prevention of PJP may offer incidental protection against IPD in alloHSCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Dewi S, Kristiansen V, Lindr-Jensen S, Larsen S. Between- and within-patient n-level response surface pathway design in dose-finding studies. OAJCT 2014. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s57955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Larsen S, Lindkær-Jensen S. 829: Quality of life, efficacy and tolerability of long term treatment with BP-C1, in patients with stage IV breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Larsen S, Danielsen JH, Søndergård SD, Søgaard D, Vigelsoe A, Dybboe R, Skaaby S, Dela F, Helge JW. The effect of high-intensity training on mitochondrial fat oxidation in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:e59-69. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Larsen
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. H. Danielsen
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. D. Søndergård
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - D. Søgaard
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. Vigelsoe
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - R. Dybboe
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Skaaby
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - F. Dela
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Xlab; Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Larsen S, Manikhas A, Trishkina E, Poddubskaya EV, Matrosova MP, Jensen SL. Efficacy, quality of life, and tolerability of BP-C1, a benzene-poly-carboxylic acids complex with cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride, in patients with stage IV breast cancer: A randomized double-blinded placebo controlled study. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.e12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey Manikhas
- City Clinical Oncological Dispensary, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Guadalupe-Grau A, Larsen S, Guerra B, Calbet JAL, Dela F, Helge JW. Influence of age on leptin induced skeletal muscle signalling. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 211:214-28. [PMID: 24605926 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Age associated fat mass accumulation could be because of dysregulation of leptin signalling in skeletal muscle. Thus, we investigated total protein expression and phosphorylation levels of the long isoform of the leptin receptor (OB-Rb), and leptin signalling through janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), combined with the leptin signalling inhibitors suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in human skeletal muscle of different age. METHODS Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from 39 men matched for BMI < 30 kg m(-2) and separated into three groups: 13 young (Y, 24 ± 4 years); 14 middle aged (MA, 44 ± 5 years) and 12 aged (A, 58 ± 8 years) subjects. RESULTS Whole body fat percentage and plasma leptin were higher (P < 0.05), whereas lean mass, plasma free testosterone and total testosterone were lower (P < 0.05) in A compared to Y. Skeletal muscle OB-Rb (170 KDa) protein expression and pTyr(1141) -OB-R170 were comparable between groups, whereas pTyr(985) -OB-R170 was lower in A compared to Y (P < 0.05). pSTAT3 levels tended (P = 0.09) to be lower (50%) in A compared to Y. In A, muscle PTP1B was greater and IRS-1 lower than Y and MA respectively (P < 0.05). PTyr(612) -IRS-1 tended to be lower in A than in Y (P = 0.09). Suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) protein expression, pJAK2, pSer(1101) -IRS-1, pAMPKα and pACCβ were similar between groups. CONCLUSION Age is associated with dysregulation of the leptin signalling and increased PTP1B protein expression in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
- Xlab; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Larsen
- Xlab; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - B. Guerra
- Department of Clinical Sciences; Molecular and Translational Endocrinology Group; Associate Unit of University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Biomedical Institute “Alberto Sols” - CSIC; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
- ICIC; Cancer Research Institute of the Canary Islands; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
| | - J. A. L. Calbet
- Department of Physical Education; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
| | - F. Dela
- Xlab; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Xlab; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Krogenæs A, Rootwelt V, Larsen S, Renström L, Farstad W, Lund A. A serological study of canine herpesvirus-1 infection in a population of breeding bitches in Norway. Acta Vet Scand 2014; 56:19. [PMID: 24694206 PMCID: PMC4021736 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-56-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV1) causes a fatal hemorrhagic disease in neonatal puppies and is associated with infertility in female dogs. This study was conducted to assess the status of CHV1 infection in bitches in proestrus or estrus and to investigate possible risk factors by a detailed questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from healthy bitches (n = 193) not vaccinated against CHV1, aged one year or older and admitted for estrus control to the Canine Reproductive Clinical Unit, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science. The serum samples were analysed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay and serum titers were recorded as the reciprocal value of the highest dilution producing specific cell staining. Results Altogether, 85.5% of the dogs had CHV1 titers ≥ 80 and were classified as positive. Mean age for dogs included in the study was 4.2 years (95% CI 4.0-4.5), and there was no difference in age between seronegative dogs vs seropositive dogs. When grouping the seropositive dogs into three categories according to the magnitude of the titer, a total of 38.8% of the bitches displayed a weakly positive titer of 80, 44.8% had moderately positive titers of 160 or 320 and 16.4% of the dogs fell into the strongly positive category with titer of ≥640. No association was demonstrated when comparing CHV1 antibody titers to fertility parameters such as previous matings, pregnancies, whelpings, puppies born or condition of puppies. Further, there was no difference in seroprevalence between bitches that had been abroad for a period of time and dogs only living within a Norwegian environment. Samples from dogs collected in summer and fall displayed moderate to high antibody titers indicating recent infection with CHV1. Season, previous birth, and participation in competitions/shows explained 67-78% of the variation in antibody titer. Conclusions This study demonstrates that CHV1 infection is common in breeding bitches in the eastern part of Norway. Associations with putative risk factors were not identified. However, season, previous whelping, and participation in competitions/shows explained 67-78% of the variation in antibody titer.
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Wright C, Zarkos K, Brown R, Larsen S, Anwar Z, Newman E, Trotman J, Gibson J. Post thaw viability of cryopreserved HPC with increased nucleated cell concentration. Cytotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dewi S, Aune T, Bunæs JAA, Smith AJ, Larsen S. The development of response surface pathway design to reduce animal numbers in toxicity studies. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 15:18. [PMID: 24661560 PMCID: PMC3987828 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study describes the development of Response Surface Pathway (RSP) design, assesses its performance and effectiveness in estimating LD50, and compares RSP with Up and Down Procedures (UDPs) and Random Walk (RW) design. METHODS A basic 4-level RSP design was used on 36 male ICR mice given intraperitoneal doses of Yessotoxin. Simulations were performed to optimise the design. A k-adjustment factor was introduced to ensure coverage of the dose window and calculate the dose steps. Instead of using equal numbers of mice on all levels, the number of mice was increased at each design level. Additionally, the binomial outcome variable was changed to multinomial. The performance of the RSP designs and a comparison of UDPs and RW were assessed by simulations. The optimised 4-level RSP design was used on 24 female NMRI mice given Azaspiracid-1 intraperitoneally. RESULTS The in vivo experiment with basic 4-level RSP design estimated the LD50 of Yessotoxin to be 463 μg/kgBW (95% CI: 383-535). By inclusion of the k-adjustment factor with equal or increasing numbers of mice on increasing dose levels, the estimate changed to 481 μg/kgBW (95% CI: 362-566) and 447 μg/kgBW (95% CI: 378-504 μg/kgBW), respectively. The optimised 4-level RSP estimated the LD50 to be 473 μg/kgBW (95% CI: 442-517). A similar increase in power was demonstrated using the optimised RSP design on real Azaspiracid-1 data. The simulations showed that the inclusion of the k-adjustment factor, reduction in sample size by increasing the number of mice on higher design levels and incorporation of a multinomial outcome gave estimates of the LD50 that were as good as those with the basic RSP design. Furthermore, optimised RSP design performed on just three levels reduced the number of animals from 36 to 15 without loss of information, when compared with the 4-level designs. Simulated comparison of the RSP design with UDPs and RW design demonstrated the superiority of RSP. CONCLUSION Optimised RSP design reduces the number of animals needed. The design converges rapidly on the area of interest and is at least as efficient as both the UDPs and RW design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagita Dewi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Tore Aune
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - John A Aasen Bunæs
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Adrian J Smith
- Norecopa, c/o Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum 0106 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Larsen
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
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Hellings IR, Larsen S. ImproWin® in the treatment of gastric ulceration of the squamous mucosa in trotting racehorses. Acta Vet Scand 2014; 56:13. [PMID: 24625291 PMCID: PMC4008370 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-56-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric ulceration is highly prevalent in horses, and there is a large commercial market for feed-additives and non-licenced products that claim effect for prevention and treatment of gastric ulceration. ImproWin® has been used as a feed additive in horses with anecdotal evidence that it may have some positive effects on gastric ulceration.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ImproWin® treatment on spontaneously occurring gastric ulcers of the squamous mucosa in Standardbred and Coldblooded trotting racehorses. The study was performed as a randomised, double-blinded, single centre study with stratified semi cross-over design with breed as stratification factors. The horses were clinically and endoscopically examined prior to start and after three weeks of treatment. The ulcerations were scored in accordance with Equine Gastric Ulcer Council (EGUC) recommendations on a 5 point scale and on a 10 cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The patients were responder-classified after 3 weeks. Responders in need of ulcer treatment were randomly allocated to 2 or 4 weeks of additional treatment. Non-responders to placebo were crossed to ImproWin®. RESULTS The 5-point EGUC score and VAS recorded score was significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.01) in both groups after 3 weeks of treatment. From 3 weeks to the end of treatment the score was further significantly reduced in the ImproWin® group (P ≤ 0.05). At the end of treatment, 78% in the ImproWin® group and 54.8% in the placebo group were classified as responders. The difference was significant (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS ImproWin® may aid the healing process of ulcers of the gastric squamous mucosa of trotters.
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Heikkilä HM, Hielm-Björkman AK, Morelius M, Larsen S, Honkavaara J, Innes JF, Laitinen-Vapaavuori OM. Intra-articular botulinum toxin A for the treatment of osteoarthritic joint pain in dogs: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Vet J 2014; 200:162-9. [PMID: 24675370 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intra-articular (IA) botulinum toxin A (IA BoNT A) for the treatment of osteoarthritic joint pain in dogs. The study was a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial with parallel group design and 12-week follow-up. Thirty-six dogs with chronic lameness due to stifle, hip or elbow osteoarthritis were randomized to receive an IA injection of 30IU of BoNT A or placebo. The main outcome variables were vertical impulse (VI) and peak vertical force (PVF) measured with a force platform, and Helsinki chronic pain index (HCPI). Subjective pain score and the need for rescue analgesics were secondary variables. The response to treatment was assessed as the change from baseline to each examination week. The variables were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measurements and results were considered statistically significant if P ⩽ 0.05. The improvement from baseline to 12 weeks after baseline was statistically significant in VI, PVF and HCPI in the treatment group (P=0.001, P=0.054 and P=0.053, respectively). Additionally, there were statistically significant improvements in VI in the treatment group at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after baseline (P=0.037, P=0.016 and P=0.016, respectively). The difference between groups in improvement in VI was statistically significant at 12weeks after baseline (P=0.005). There was no significant change in the subjective pain score or in the requirement for rescue analgesics in either group. No major adverse events thought to be related to trial protocol were detected. These results suggest that IA BoNT A has some efficacy in reducing osteoarthritic pain in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Heikkilä
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - A K Hielm-Björkman
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Morelius
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Larsen
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - J Honkavaara
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - J F Innes
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease and School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - O M Laitinen-Vapaavuori
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 57, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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