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Neumann S, Hamilton MCK, Hart EC, Brooks JCW. Pain perception during baroreceptor unloading by lower body negative pressure. Eur J Pain 2024. [PMID: 38623884 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with high blood pressure have reduced sensitivity to pain, known as blood pressure hypoalgesia. One proposed mechanism for this is altered baroreceptor sensitivity. In healthy volunteers, stimulating the carotid baroreceptors causes reduced sensitivity to acute pain; however, this effect may be confounded by a rise in blood pressure due to baroreflex stimulation. The present study tests whether baroreceptor unloading contributes to the physiological mechanism of blood pressure-related hypoalgesia. METHODS In the present study, pain perception to thermal stimulation of the forearm was studied in 20 healthy volunteers during baroreceptor unloading by lower body negative pressure (LBNP) at -5 and -20 mmHg. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured continuously throughout. To address issues relating to stimulation order, the sequence of LBNP stimulation was counterbalanced across participants. RESULTS Increased heart rate was observed at a LBNP of -20 mmHg, but not -5 mmHg, but neither stimulus had an effect on blood pressure. There was no change in warm or cold sensory detection thresholds, heat or cold pain thresholds nor perceived pain from a 30s long thermal heat stimulus during LBNP. CONCLUSION Therefore, baroreceptor unloading with maintained systemic blood pressure did not alter pain perception. The current study does not support the hypothesis that an altered baroreflex may underlie the physiological mechanism of blood pressure-related hypoalgesia. SIGNIFICANCE This work provides evidence that, when measured in normotensive healthy young adults, the baroreflex response to simulated hypovolaemia did not lead to reduced pain sensitivity (known as blood pressure hypoalgesia).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M C K Hamilton
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - E C Hart
- School of Physiology Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J C W Brooks
- School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Sarkar R, Bolel P, Kapoor A, Eliseeva E, Dulcey AE, Templin JS, Wang AQ, Xu X, Southall N, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Marugan JJ, Gershengorn MC. An Orally Efficacious Thyrotropin Receptor Ligand Inhibits Growth and Metastatic Activity of Thyroid Cancers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae114. [PMID: 38421044 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid-stimulating hormone (or thyrotropin) receptor (TSHR) could be a selective target for small molecule ligands to treat thyroid cancer (TC). OBJECTIVE We report a novel, orally efficacious ligand for TSHR that exhibits proliferation inhibitory activity against human TC in vitro and in vivo, and inhibition of metastasis in vivo. DESIGN A35 (NCATS-SM4420; NCGC00241808) was selected from a sub-library of >200 TSHR ligands. Cell proliferation assays including BrdU incorporation and WST-1, along with molecular docking studies were done. In vivo activity of A35 was assessed in TC cell-derived xenograft (CDX) models with immunocompromised (NSG) mice. FFPE sections of tumor and lung tissues were observed for the extent of cell death and metastasis. RESULTS A35 was shown to stimulate cAMP production in some cell types by activating TSHR but not in TC cells, MDA-T32 and MDA-T85. A35 inhibited proliferation of MDA-T32 & MDA-T85 in vitro and in vivo, and pulmonary metastasis of MDA-T85F1 in mice. In vitro, A35 inhibition of proliferation was reduced by a selective TSHR antagonist. Inhibition of CDX tumor growth without decreases in mouse weights and liver function showed A35 to be efficacious without apparent toxicity. Lastly, A35 reduced levels of Ki67 in the tumors and metastatic markers in lung tissues. CONCLUSION We conclude that A35 is a TSHR-selective inhibitor of TC cell proliferation and metastasis, and suggest that A35 may be a promising lead drug candidate for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhitajit Sarkar
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Priyanka Bolel
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Abhijeet Kapoor
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrés E Dulcey
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jay S Templin
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy Q Wang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan J Marugan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Lindblad C, Neumann S, Kolbeinsdóttir S, Zachariadis V, Thelin EP, Enge M, Thams S, Brundin L, Svensson M. Stem cell-derived brainstem mouse astrocytes obtain a neurotoxic phenotype in vitro upon neuroinflammation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:22. [PMID: 37370141 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytes respond to injury and disease through a process known as reactive astrogliosis, of which inflammatory signaling is one subset. This inflammatory response is heterogeneous with respect to the inductive stimuli and the afflicted central nervous system region. This is of plausible importance in e.g. traumatic axonal injury (TAI), where lesions in the brainstem carries a particularly poor prognosis. In fact, astrogliotic forebrain astrocytes were recently suggested to cause neuronal death following axotomy. We therefore sought to assess if ventral brainstem- or rostroventral spinal astrocytes exert similar effects on motor neurons in vitro. METHODS We derived brainstem/rostroventral spinal astrocyte-like cells (ES-astrocytes) and motor neurons using directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ES). We activated the ES-astrocytes using the neurotoxicity-eliciting cytokines interleukin- (IL-) 1α and tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-)α and clinically relevant inflammatory mediators. In co-cultures with reactive ES-astrocytes and motor neurons, we assessed neurotoxic ES-astrocyte activity, similarly to what has previously been shown for other central nervous system (CNS) regions. RESULTS We confirmed the brainstem/rostroventral ES-astrocyte identity using RNA-sequencing, immunocytochemistry, and by comparison with primary subventricular zone-astrocytes. Following cytokine stimulation, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway down-stream product phosphorylated c-Jun was increased, thus demonstrating ES-astrocyte reactivity. These reactive ES-astrocytes conferred a contact-dependent neurotoxic effect upon co-culture with motor neurons. When exposed to IL-1β and IL-6, two neuroinflammatory cytokines found in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum proteome following human severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), ES-astrocytes exerted similar effects on motor neurons. Activation of ES-astrocytes by these cytokines was associated with pathways relating to endoplasmic reticulum stress and altered regulation of MYC. CONCLUSIONS Ventral brainstem and rostroventral spinal cord astrocytes differentiated from mouse ES can exert neurotoxic effects in vitro. This highlights how neuroinflammation following CNS lesions can exert region- and cell-specific effects. Our in vitro model system, which uniquely portrays astrocytes and neurons from one niche, allows for a detailed and translationally relevant model system for future studies on how to improve neuronal survival in particularly vulnerable CNS regions following e.g. TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lindblad
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Eric P Thelin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Enge
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Thams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lou Brundin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Svensson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, J5:20 Svensson Group, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Brolund-Napier CN, Ffrench-Constant AE, Neumann S, Paull JC, Fenton NK, Jones CA, Lyen S, Manghat NE, Hamilton MCK. CT pulmonary angiography: optimising acute thoracic imaging by fixed-timing contrast medium delivery with a modified breathing instruction. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e237-e242. [PMID: 36588065 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the thoracic vascular opacification achieved using the standard bolus-tracking protocol (BTP) with a fixed-timing protocol (FTP) with a modified breathing instruction during computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-centre review of CTPA examinations performed between July 2018 and January 2019 using the BTP or FTP and weight-based contrast dosing of 20 mg iodine/kg body weight/s for 20 seconds at 100 kV tube potential. Radiodensity (in Hounsfield units) was analysed in the right ventricle, main pulmonary artery (MPA), left atrium, left ventricle, and ascending and descending thoracic aorta (DTA). A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Of 782 examinations, 88 BTP and 90 FTP examinations were included. Mean attenuation of the MPA was similar in the FTP (396 ± 106 HU) and BTP (362 ± 119 HU; p=0.06); however, good-quality (≥250 HU) MPA opacification was achieved in more FTP examinations (87/90, 96.7%) compared to the BTP (73/88, 82.9%; p=0.002). Mean attenuation of the DTA was better in the FTP (325 ± 72 HU) than the BTP (228 ± 75 HU; p <0.0001), with good-quality opacification (≥250 HU) in 76/90 (84.4%) FTP examinations compared with 36/88 (40.9%) BTP examinations (p <0.001). CONCLUSION The FTP achieves better opacification of the MPA and DTA compared to the BTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Brolund-Napier
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - A E Ffrench-Constant
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - S Neumann
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - J C Paull
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - N K Fenton
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - C A Jones
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - S Lyen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - N E Manghat
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M C K Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
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Boutin A, Marcus-Samuels B, Eliseeva E, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Opposing Effects of EGF Receptor Signaling on Proliferation and Differentiation Initiated by EGF or TSH/EGF Receptor Transactivation. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6770637. [PMID: 36281035 PMCID: PMC9761572 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of thyroid cells by thyrotropin (TSH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been known but different effects of these regulators on proliferation and differentiation have been reported. We studied these responses in primary cultures of human thyroid cells to determine whether TSH receptor (TSHR) signaling may involve EGF receptor (EGFR) transactivation. We confirm that EGF stimulates proliferation and de-differentiation whereas TSH causes differentiation in the absence of other growth factors. We show that TSH/TSHR transactivates EGFR and characterize it as follows: (1) TSH-induced upregulation of thyroid-specific genes is inhibited by 2 inhibitors of EGFR kinase activity, AG1478 and erlotinib; (2) the mechanism of transactivation is independent of an extracellular EGFR ligand by showing that 2 antibodies, cetuximab and panitumumab, that completely inhibited binding of EGFR ligands to EGFR had no effect on transactivation, and by demonstrating that no EGF was detected in media conditioned by thyrocytes incubated with TSH; (3) TSH/TSHR transactivation of EGFR is different than EGFR activation by EGF by showing that EGF led to rapid phosphorylation of EGFR whereas transactivation occurred in the absence of receptor phosphorylation; (4) EGF caused downregulation of EGFR whereas transactivation had no effect on EGFR level; (5) EGF and TSH stimulation converged on the protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, because TSH, like EGF, stimulated phosphorylation of AKT that was inhibited by EGFR inhibitors; and (6) TSH-induced upregulation of thyroid genes was inhibited by the AKT inhibitor MK2206. Thus, TSH/TSHR causes EGFR transactivation that is independent of extracellular EGFR ligand and in part mediates TSH regulation of thyroid hormone biosynthetic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Correspondence: Marvin C. Gershengorn, MD, 50 South Drive, Rm 4134 Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Komber HMEI, Neumann S, Paull J, Andrade MG, Lyen SM, Manghat NE, Hamilton MCK. A quality-improvement project to enhance systemic arterial contrast opacification in CT for trans-catheter aortic valve implantation. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:e697-e704. [PMID: 35717408 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess improvement in arterial opacification by optimising the contrast medium dosing protocol for computed tomography (CT) prior to trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A wide variation in arterial opacification was observed in the initial CT TAVI protocol (standard protocol). The practice was optimised by considering the time required for the examination and optimising contrast medium flux. This became the optimised protocol with a 30-second contrast medium bolus of iodine flux 15-19 mg iodine/kg body weight/second (mg/kg/s). Attenuation (mean HU) in (a) the ascending aorta (gated systolic acquisition) and (b) the ascending, descending thoracic (at carina), infra-renal abdominal aorta, and right common iliac artery (non-gated acquisition) was measured. Thirty-one sequential optimised examinations were compared to 31 prior standard protocol examinations. RESULTS There was no difference between the standard and optimised groups regarding age, sex, weight, body mass index (BMI), or voltage. The mean bolus durations were 24.9±4.4 seconds for the standard and 30±0.3 seconds for the optimised protocols (p<0.001). Although there was no difference in the attenuation in the gated ascending aorta (p>0.99), there was improvement at all other anatomical points in the non-gated examinations of the optimised protocol (p<0.002). CONCLUSION Optimising contrast medium flux and matching bolus duration to the CT technology dramatically improves the vascular access component of TAVI planning and provides a reliable method to achieve objectively enhanced arterial opacification. This work highlights how to obtain good arterial contrast medium opacification in haemodynamically fragile patients without excessive contrast medium volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M E I Komber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - S Neumann
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Senate House, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - J Paull
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M Gesteira Andrade
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - S M Lyen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - N E Manghat
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M C K Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Krieger CC, Sui X, Kahaly GJ, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Inhibition of TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Crosstalk by Teprotumumab as a Treatment Modality of Thyroid Eye Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1653-e1660. [PMID: 34788857 PMCID: PMC8947786 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT We previously presented evidence that TSH receptor (TSHR)-stimulating autoantibodies (TSAbs) bind to and activate TSHRs but do not bind to IGF1 receptors (IGF1Rs). Nevertheless, we showed that IGF1Rs were involved in thyroid eye disease (TED) pathogenesis because TSAbs activated crosstalk between TSHR and IGF1R. Teprotumumab, originally generated to inhibit IGF1 binding to IGF1R, was recently approved for the treatment of TED (Tepezza). OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk in teprotumumab treatment of TED. DESIGN We used orbital fibroblasts from patients with TED (TEDOFs) and measured stimulated hyaluronan (HA) secretion as a measure of orbital fibroblast activation by TED immunoglobulins (TED-Igs) and monoclonal TSAb M22. We previously showed that M22, which does not bind to IGF1R, stimulated HA in a biphasic dose-response with the higher potency phase dependent on TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk and the lower potency phase independent of IGF1R. Stimulation by TED-Igs and M22 was measured in the absence or presence of teprotumumab biosimilar (Tepro) or K1-70, an antibody that inhibits TSHR. RESULTS We show: (1) Tepro dose-dependently inhibits stimulation by TED-Igs; (2) Tepro does not bind to TSHRs; (3) Tepro inhibits IGF1R-dependent M22-induced HA production, which is mediated by TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk, but not IGF1R-independent M22 stimulation; and (4) β-arrestin 1 knockdown, which blocks TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk and prevents Tepro inhibition of HA production by M22 and by a pool of TED-Igs. CONCLUSION We conclude that Tepro inhibits HA production by TEDOFs by inhibiting TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk and suggest that inhibition of TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk is the mechanism of its action in treating TED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiangliang Sui
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - George J Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: Marvin C. Gershengorn, MD, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Dr., Building 50, Room 4134, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Neumann F, Kehl T, Plotnicki K, Neumann S, Müller G, Kozlik-Feldmann R, Lang N. Midterm Follow-up Using Lifetech Konar-MF Device for Perimembranous and Muscular Ventricular Septal Defects in Pediatric Patient's. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Neumann
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - T. Kehl
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - K. Plotnicki
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - S. Neumann
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - G. Müller
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - R. Kozlik-Feldmann
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - N. Lang
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, University Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
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Heneka L, Neumann S, Schön G, Müller G, Bauer U, Kozlik-Feldmann R, Biermann D, Sachweh J, Hübler M, Rickers C. Complete AV Block, Underestimated and Highly Impacting Complication of Ebstein's Anomaly Surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Heneka
- University Heart Center Hamburg GmbH, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - S. Neumann
- Klinikum Links der Weser Kardiologie - Elektrophysiologie Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - G. Schön
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - G. Müller
- Pediatric Cardiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - U. Bauer
- Nationales Register Angeborene Herzfehler, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - R. Kozlik-Feldmann
- Department of Pediatr Cardiology, Children's Heart Clinic, Univ Med Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - D. Biermann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - J. Sachweh
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - M. Hübler
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - C. Rickers
- University Heart Center Hamburg GmbH, Hamburg, Deutschland
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Jang D, Eliseeva E, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. TSH stimulation of human thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase gene transcription is partially dependent on internalization. Cell Signal 2022; 90:110212. [PMID: 34896620 PMCID: PMC8725617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The TSH receptor (TSHR) is the major regulator of thyroid hormone biosynthesis in human thyrocytes by regulating the transcription of a number of genes including thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO). Until recently, it was thought that TSHR initiated signal transduction pathways only at the cell-surface and that internalization was primarily involved in TSHR desensitization and downregulation. Studies primarily in mouse cells showed that TSHR internalization regulates gene transcription at an intracellular site also. However, this has not been shown for genes involved in thyroid hormone biosynthesis in human thyrocytes. We used human thyrocytes in primary culture. In these cells, the dose-response to TSH for gene expression is biphasic with low doses upregulating gene expression and higher doses decreasing gene expression. We used two approaches to inhibit internalization. In the first, we used inhibitors of dynamins, dynasore and dyngo-4a. Pretreatment with dynasore or dyngo-4a markedly inhibited TSH upregulation of TG and TPO mRNAs, as well as TG secretion. In the second, we used knockdown of dynamin 2, which is the most abundant dynamin in human thyrocytes. We showed that dynamin 2 knockdown inhibited TSHR internalization and decreased the TSH-stimulated levels of TG and TPO mRNAs and proteins. Lastly, we showed that the level of the activatory transcription factor phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB) in the cell nuclei was reduced by 68% when internalization was inhibited. We conclude that upregulation of genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis in human thyrocytes is, in part, dependent on internalization leading to nuclear localization of an activated transcription factor(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesong Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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11
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Krieger CC, Boutin A, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Proximity ligation assay to study TSH receptor homodimerization and crosstalk with IGF-1 receptors in human thyroid cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:989626. [PMID: 36246873 PMCID: PMC9559199 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.989626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a methodology that permits detection of protein-protein closeness, that is, proteins that are within 40 nanometers of each other, in cells or tissues at endogenous protein levels or after exogenous overexpression. It detects the protein(s) with high sensitivity and specificity because it employs a DNA hybridization step followed by DNA amplification. PLA has been used successfully with many types of proteins. In this methods paper, we will describe the workings of PLA and provide examples of its use to study TSH/IGF-1 receptor crosstalk in Graves' orbital fibroblasts (GOFs) and TSH receptor homodimerization in primary cultures of human thyrocytes.
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12
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Krieger CC, Kahaly GJ, Azam A, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Graves' Autoantibodies Exhibit Different Stimulating Activities in Cultures of Thyrocytes and Orbital Fibroblasts Not Reflected by Clinical Assays. Thyroid 2022; 32:90-96. [PMID: 34714162 PMCID: PMC8792498 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) and associated Graves' orbitopathy (GO) appears to involve stimulatory autoantibodies (thyrotropin receptor [TSHR]-stimulating antibodies [TSAbs]) that bind to and activate TSHRs on thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts. In general, measurement of circulating TSHR antibodies by clinical assays correlates with the status of GH and GO. However, most clinical measurements of TSHR antibodies use competitive binding assays that do not distinguish between TSAbs and antibodies that bind to but do not activate TSHRs. Moreover, clinical assays for TSAbs measure stimulation of only one signaling pathway, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, in engineered cells that are not thyrocytes or orbital fibroblasts. We determined whether measuring TSAbs by a cAMP-PKA readout in engineered cells accurately reveals the efficacies of stimulation by these antibodies on thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts. Methods: We measured TSAb stimulation of normal human thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts from patients with GO in primary cultures in vitro. In thyrocytes, we measured secretion of thyroglobulin (TG) and in orbital fibroblasts secretion of hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid [HA]). We also measured stimulation of cAMP production in engineered TSHR-expressing cells in an assay similar to clinical assays. Furthermore, we determined whether there were differences in stimulation of thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts by TSAbs from patients with GH alone versus from patients with GO understanding that patients with GO have accompanying GH. Results: We found a positive correlation between TSAb stimulation of cAMP production in engineered cells and TG secretion by thyrocytes as well as HA secretion by orbital fibroblasts. However, TSAbs from GH patients stimulated thyrocytes more effectively than TSAbs from GO patients, whereas TSAbs from GO patients were more effective in activating orbital fibroblasts than TSAbs from GH patients. Conclusions: Clinical assays of stimulation by TSAbs measuring activation of the cAMP-PKA pathway do correlate with stimulation of thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts; however, they do not distinguish between TSAbs from GH and GO patients. In vitro, TSAbs exhibit selectivity in activating TSHRs since TSAbs from GO patients were more effective in stimulating orbital fibroblasts and TSAbs from GH patients were more effective in stimulating thyrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C. Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - George J. Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Asma Azam
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Address correspondence to: Marvin C. Gershengorn, MD, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Neumann S, Taylor J, Bamford A, Metcalfe C, Gaunt DM, Whone A, Steeds D, Emmett SR, Hollingworth W, Ben-Shlomo Y, Henderson EJ. Cholinesterase inhibitor to prevent falls in Parkinson's disease (CHIEF-PD) trial: a phase 3 randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of rivastigmine to prevent falls in Parkinson's disease. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:422. [PMID: 34715821 PMCID: PMC8556953 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are a common complication of Parkinson's disease. There is a need for new therapeutic options to target this debilitating aspect of the disease. Cholinergic deficit has been shown to contribute to both gait and cognitive dysfunction seen in the condition. Potential benefits of using cholinesterase inhibitors were shown during a single centre phase 2 trial. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a cholinesterase inhibitor on fall rate in people with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. METHODS This is a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial in 600 people with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1 to 4) with a history of a fall in the past year. Participants will be randomised to two groups, receiving either transdermal rivastigmine or identical placebo for 12 months. The primary outcome is the fall rate over 12 months follow-up. Secondary outcome measures, collected at baseline and 12 months either face-to-face or via remote video/telephone assessments, include gait and balance measures, neuropsychiatric indices, Parkinson's motor and non-motor symptoms, quality of life and cost-effectiveness. DISCUSSION This trial will establish whether cholinesterase inhibitor therapy is effective in preventing falls in Parkinson's disease. If cost-effective, it will alter current management guidelines by offering a new therapeutic option in this high-risk population. TRIAL REGISTRATION REC reference: 19/SW/0043. EudraCT: 2018-003219-23. ISCRTN 41639809 (registered 16/04/2019). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04226248 PROTOCOL AT TIME OF PUBLICATION: Version 7.0, 20th January 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - J Taylor
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - A Bamford
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - C Metcalfe
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - D M Gaunt
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - A Whone
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
- North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - D Steeds
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - S R Emmett
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - W Hollingworth
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Y Ben-Shlomo
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - E J Henderson
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol, UK.
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK.
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14
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Neumann S, Bamford A, Lithander FE, Tenison E, Henderson EJ. Public attitudes to the use of remote data collection in clinical research. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 111:106595. [PMID: 34653652 PMCID: PMC8511885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background/aims Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented an unprecedented challenge for delivering clinical research. The use of technology-assisted data collection for clinical research is desirable for many practitioners, but the acceptability of use in the general population has not been assessed. The aim of the study was to assess attitudes towards using technology-assisted remote methods in the delivery of clinical research in the UK and to understand the barriers to taking part in research with respect to both remote assessments and traditional research methods across different age ranges. Methods The study was conducted as an online anonymous survey with a 4-part questionnaire, between August 2020 and December 2020. Participants living in the UK aged 18 years and above were eligible to take part. Results A total 351 completed the survey and are included in the data analysis. In all age groups, participants identified that use of online assignments, video calls and telephone calls would make them more likely to take part in clinical research. Overall, the largest barrier to taking part in research was time commitments and timing of the appointment. COVID-19 has had a small, positive influence on the confidence of using technology in the general population. Conclusions The study found that there is a large interest in taking part in research using online, telephone and video call appointments, which could facilitate research delivery in light of ongoing COVID-19-related restrictions and also improve the accessibility and inclusivity of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK.
| | - A Bamford
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - F E Lithander
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - E Tenison
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK; Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Older Peoples Unit, Bath, UK
| | - E J Henderson
- University of Bristol, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK; Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Older Peoples Unit, Bath, UK
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15
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Gubbi S, Araque KA, Avadhanula S, Azam A, Merkel R, Cochran C, Burbelo PD, Waldman M, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC, Skarulis M, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J. Combined Immunosuppressive Therapy for Severe Graves Dermopathy. Ann Intern Med 2021; 174:1478-1480. [PMID: 34152827 PMCID: PMC9473454 DOI: 10.7326/l21-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Gubbi
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Katherine Andrea Araque
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Asma Azam
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roxanne Merkel
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Craig Cochran
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Denis Burbelo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meryl Waldman
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susanne Neumann
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin Carl Gershengorn
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Monica Skarulis
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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16
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Hamilton MCK, Neumann S, Szantho G, Rydon L, Lawton CB, Hart E, Manghat NE, Turner MS. The design and use of a simple device for the MRI assessment of changes in cardiovascular function by lower-body negative-pressure-simulated reduction of central blood volume. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:471.e9-471.e16. [PMID: 33637308 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To use a locally designed and simple lower-body negative-pressure (LBNP) device and 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to demonstrate the ability to assess changes in cardiovascular function during preload reduction. These effects were evaluated on ventricular volumes and great vessel flow in healthy volunteers, for which there are limited published data. MATERIAL AND METHODS After ethical review, 14 volunteers (mean age 33.9 ± 7 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 23.1 ± 2.5) underwent LBNP prospectively at 0, -5, -10, and -20 mmHg pressure, using a locally designed LBNP box. Expiratory breath-hold biventricular volumes, and free-breathing flow imaging of the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery were acquired at each level of LBNP. RESULTS At -5 mmHg, there was no change in aortic flow or left ventricular volumes versus baseline. Right ventricular output (p=0.013) and pulmonary net flow (p=0.026) decreased. At -20 mmHg, aortic and pulmonary net flow (p<0.001) decreased, as were left and right ventricular end diastolic volume (p<0.001) and left and right end systolic volumes (p=0.038 and p=0.003 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Use of a MRI-compatible LBNP device is feasible to measure changes in ventricular volume and great arterial flow in the same experiment. This may enhance further research into the effects of preload reduction by MRI in a wide range of important cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C K Hamilton
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS28HW, UK.
| | - S Neumann
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - G Szantho
- Department of Cardiology, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol BS28HW, UK
| | - L Rydon
- MEMO Clinical Engineering, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS28HW, UK
| | - C B Lawton
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS28HW, UK
| | - E Hart
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - N E Manghat
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS28HW, UK
| | - M S Turner
- Department of Cardiology, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol BS28HW, UK
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17
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Jang D, Marcus-Samuels B, Morgan SJ, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Thyrotropin regulation of differentiated gene transcription in adult human thyrocytes in primary culture. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:111032. [PMID: 32941925 PMCID: PMC7606794 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid transcription factors (TTFs) - NKX2-1, FOXE1, PAX8 and HHEX - regulate multiple genes involved in thyroid development in mice but little is known about TTF regulation of thyroid-specific genes - thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), deiodinase type 2 (DIO2), sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and TSH receptor (TSHR) - in adult, human thyrocytes. Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) regulation of thyroid-specific gene expression in primary cultures of human thyrocytes is biphasic yielding an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve (IUDRC) with upregulation at low doses and decreases at high doses. Herein we show that NKX2-1, FOXE1 and PAX8 are required for TSH-induced upregulation of the mRNA levels of TG, TPO, DIO2, NIS, and TSHR whereas HHEX has little effect on the levels of these thyroid-specific gene mRNAs. We show that TSH-induced upregulation is mediated by changes in their transcription and not by changes in the degradation of their mRNAs. In contrast to the IUDRC of thyroid-specific genes, TSH effects on the levels of the mRNAs for NKX2-1, FOXE1 and PAX8 exhibit monophasic decreases at high doses of TSH whereas TSH regulation of HHEX mRNA levels exhibits an IUDRC that overlaps the IUDRC of thyroid-specific genes. In contrast to findings during mouse development, TTFs do not have major effects on the levels of other TTF mRNAs in adult, human thyrocytes. Thus, we found similarities and important differences in the regulation of thyroid-specific genes in mouse development and TSH regulation of these genes in adult, human thyrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesong Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah J Morgan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Disease Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease caused in part by thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) that activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR). In Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH), TSAbs cause persistent stimulation of thyroid cells leading to continuous thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. Thyroid eye disease (TED), also called Graves' orbitopathy, is an orbital manifestation of GD. We review the important roles of the TSHR and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in the pathogenesis of TED and discuss a model of TSHR/IGF-1R crosstalk that considers two pathways initiated by TSAb activation of TSHR in the eye, an IGF-1R-independent and an IGF-1R-dependent signaling pathway leading to hyaluronan (HA) secretion in orbital fibroblasts. We discuss current and future therapeutic approaches targeting the IGF-1R and TSHR. Teprotumumab, a human monoclonal anti-IGF-1R-blocking antibody, has been approved as an effective treatment in patients with TED. However, as the TSHR seems to be the primary target for TSAbs in patients with GD, future therapeutic interventions directly targeting the TSHR, e.g. blocking antibodies and small molecule antagonists, are being developed and have the advantage to inhibit the IGF-1R-independent as well as the IGF-1R-dependent component of TSAb-induced HA secretion. Antigen-specific immunotherapies using TSHR peptides to reduce serum TSHR antibodies are being developed also. These TSHR-targeted strategies also have the potential to treat both GH and TED with the same drug. We propose that combination therapy targeting TSHR and IGF-1R may be an effective and better tolerated treatment strategy for TED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- *Marvin C. Gershengorn, 50 South Dr., Building 50, Room 4134, Bethesda, MD 20892 (USA),
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Ineichen BV, Di Palma S, Laczko E, Liddelow SA, Neumann S, Schwab ME, Mosberger AC. Regional Differences in Penetration of the Protein Stabilizer Trimethoprim (TMP) in the Rat Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:167. [PMID: 33013318 PMCID: PMC7496896 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulating gene expression at the protein level is becoming increasingly important for answering basic questions in neurobiology. Several techniques using destabilizing domains (DD) on transgenes, which can be activated or deactivated by specific drugs, have been developed to achieve this goal. A DD from bacterial dihydrofolate reductase bound and stabilized by trimethoprim (TMP) represents such a tool. To control transgenic protein levels in the brain, the DD-regulating drugs need to have sufficient penetration into the central nervous system (CNS). Yet, very limited information is available on TMP pharmacokinetics in the CNS following systemic injection. Here, we performed a pharmacokinetic study on the penetration of TMP into different CNS compartments in the rat. We used mass spectrometry to measure TMP concentrations in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and tissue samples of different CNS regions upon intraperitoneal TMP injection. We show that TMP quickly (within 10 min) penetrates from serum to CSF through the blood-CSF barrier. TMP also shows quick penetration into brain tissue but concentrations were an order of magnitude lower compared to serum or CSF. TMP concentration in spinal cord was lower than in any other analyzed CNS area. Nevertheless, effective levels of TMP to stabilize DDs can be reached in the CNS with half-lives around 2 h. These data show that TMP has good and fast penetration properties into the CNS and is therefore a valuable ligand for precisely controlling protein expression in the CNS in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin V Ineichen
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Di Palma
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University of Zurich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Endre Laczko
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University of Zurich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin E Schwab
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alice C Mosberger
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Kamp F, Hager L, Proebstl L, Schreiber A, Riebschläger M, Neumann S, Straif M, Schacht-Jablonowsky M, Falkai P, Pogarell O, Manz K, Soyka M, Koller G. 12- and 18-month follow-up after residential treatment of methamphetamine dependence: Influence of treatment drop-out and different treatment concepts. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:103-110. [PMID: 32652338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of two different residential treatments and of treatment drop-out in a German methamphetamine (MA) dependent sample. 108 subjects from two addiction treatment concepts were recruited at treatment begin and followed-up at 12 (T2) and 18 (T3) months after treatment. Based on follow-up samples (n = 38 at T2, n = 25 at T3), 77.1% at T2 and 68.0% at T3 were MA abstinent. Classifying everyone, who did not participate at follow-ups as having had a relapse, showed MA-abstinence rates of 25.0% (at T2) and 15.7% (at T3). There was no difference in MA-use between treatment conditions nor between treatment completers and drop-outs. Having injected any substance predicted MA-use at T2 (p = .03). The median time of relapse was 1.5 days after hospital release. Depression scores at T2 predicted MA-use at T3 (p = .02). T2 participants that dropped out of treatment had higher craving scores at T2, than T2 subjects who completed treatment (p = .03). The results show positive effects of current inpatient treatment programs without differences between different concepts. More research is needed to clarify the impact of treatment drop-out. Attention should be paid to a successful transition from residential to outpatient services and to a reduction of study attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kamp
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - L Hager
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - L Proebstl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - A Schreiber
- District Hospital Hochstadt, Hauptstraße 13, 96272, Hochstadt Am Main, Germany
| | - M Riebschläger
- MEDIAN Clinic Mecklenburg, Blumenstraße 3, 19217, Rehna OT Parber, Germany
| | - S Neumann
- MEDIAN Clinic Mecklenburg, Blumenstraße 3, 19217, Rehna OT Parber, Germany
| | - M Straif
- District Hospital Hochstadt, Hauptstraße 13, 96272, Hochstadt Am Main, Germany
| | | | - P Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - O Pogarell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - K Manz
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Soyka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - G Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Krieger CC, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Is There Evidence for IGF1R-Stimulating Abs in Graves' Orbitopathy Pathogenesis? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186561. [PMID: 32911689 PMCID: PMC7555308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the evidence against direct stimulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1Rs) by autoantibodies in Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) pathogenesis. We describe a model of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR)/IGF1R crosstalk and present evidence that observations indicating IGF1R’s role in GO could be explained by this mechanism. We evaluate the evidence for and against IGF1R as a direct target of stimulating IGF1R antibodies (IGF1RAbs) and conclude that GO pathogenesis does not involve directly stimulating IGF1RAbs. We further conclude that the preponderance of evidence supports TSHR as the direct and only target of stimulating autoantibodies in GO and maintain that the TSHR should remain a major target for further development of a medical therapy for GO in concert with drugs that target TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Correspondence: Marvin C. Gershengorn, MD, 50 South Drive, Building 50, Room 4134, Bethesda, MD 20892.
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Neumann S, Porritt MJ, Osman AM, Kuhn HG. Cranial irradiation at early postnatal age impairs stroke-induced neural stem/progenitor cell response in the adult brain. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12369. [PMID: 32703986 PMCID: PMC7378832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial irradiation (IR) is commonly used to treat primary brain tumors and metastatic diseases. However, cranial IR-treated patients often develop vascular abnormalities later in life that increase their risk for cerebral ischemia. Studies in rodents have demonstrated that IR impairs maintenance of the neural stem/precursor cell (NSPC) pool and depletes neurogenesis. We and others have previously shown that stroke triggers NSPC proliferation in the subventricular zone and migration towards the stroke-injured neocortex. Whether this response is sustained in the irradiated brain remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that cranial IR in mice at an early postnatal age significantly reduced the number to neuronal progenitors responding to cortical stroke in adults. This was accompanied by a reduced number of microglia/macrophages in the peri-infarct cortex; however, the astrocytic response was not altered. Our findings indicate that IR impairs the endogenous repair capacity in the brain in response to stroke, hence pointing to another side effect of cranial radiotherapy which requires further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Box 436, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michelle J Porritt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Box 436, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ahmed M Osman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Georg Kuhn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Box 436, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Schulze A, Kleinau G, Neumann S, Scheerer P, Schöneberg T, Brüser A. The intramolecular agonist is obligate for activation of glycoprotein hormone receptors. FASEB J 2020; 34:11243-11256. [PMID: 32648604 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000100r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to most rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors, the glycoprotein hormone receptors (GPHR) have a large extracellular N-terminus for hormone binding. The hormones do not directly activate the transmembrane domain but mediate their action via a, thus, far only partially known Tethered Agonistic LIgand (TALI). The existence of such an intramolecular agonist was initially indicated by site-directed mutation studies and activating peptides derived from the extracellular hinge region. It is still unknown precisely how TALI is involved in intramolecular signal transmission. We combined systematic mutagenesis studies at the luteinizing hormone receptor and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), stimulation with a drug-like agonist (E2) of the TSHR, and structural homology modeling to unravel the functional and structural properties defining the TALI region. Here, we report that TALI (a) is predisposed to constitutively activate GPHR, (b) can by itself rearrange GPHR into a fully active conformation, (c) stabilizes active GPHR conformation, and (d) is not involved in activation of the TSHR by E2. In the active state conformation, TALI forms specific interactions between the N-terminus and the transmembrane domain. We show that stabilization of an active state is dependent on TALI, including activation by hormones and constitutively activating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Schulze
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Brüser
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Komber H, Neumann S, Paull J, Andrade M, Lyen S, Manghat N, Hamilton M. Improving Arterial Opacification In Computed Tomography For Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Boutin A, Krieger CC, Marcus-Samuels B, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. TSH Receptor Homodimerization in Regulation of cAMP Production in Human Thyrocytes in vitro. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:276. [PMID: 32425890 PMCID: PMC7203478 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyrotropin hormone (TSH) was reported to exhibit biphasic regulation of cAMP production in human thyroid slices; specifically, upregulation at low TSH doses transitioning to inhibition at high doses. We observed this phenomenon in HEK293 cells overexpressing TSH receptors (TSHRs) but in only 25% of human thyrocytes (hThyros) in vitro. Because TSHR expression in hThyros in vitro was low, we tested the hypothesis that high, in situ levels of TSHRs were needed for biphasic cAMP regulation. We increased expression of TSHRs by infecting hThyros with adenoviruses expressing human TSHR (AdhTSHR), measured TSH-stimulated cAMP production and TSHR homodimerization. TSHR mRNA levels in hThyros in vitro were 100-fold lower than in human thyroid tissue. AdhTSHR infection increased TSHR mRNA expression to levels found in thyroid tissue and flow cytometry showed that cell-surface TSHRs increased more than 15-fold. Most uninfected hThyro preparations exhibited monotonic cAMP production. In contrast, most hThyro preparations infected with AdhTSHR expressing TSHR at in vivo levels exhibited biphasic TSH dose responses. Treatment of AdhTSHR-infected hThyros with pertussis toxin resulted in monotonic dose response curves demonstrating that lower levels of cAMP production at high TSH doses were mediated by Gi/Go proteins. Proximity ligation assays confirmed that AdhTSHR infection markedly increased the number of TSHR homodimers. We conclude that in situ levels of TSHRs as homodimers are needed for hThyros to exhibit biphasic TSH regulation of cAMP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Christine C. Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Disease Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States
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Jang D, Morgan SJ, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Banga JP, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Thyrotropin, but Not Thyroid-Stimulating Antibodies, Induces Biphasic Regulation of Gene Expression in Human Thyrocytes. Thyroid 2020; 30:270-276. [PMID: 31805824 PMCID: PMC7047096 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: Thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) activate TSH receptor (TSHR) signaling by binding to its extracellular domain. TSHR signaling has been studied extensively in animal thyrocytes and in engineered cell lines, and differences in signaling have been observed in different cell systems. We, therefore, decided to characterize and compare TSHR signaling mediated by TSH and monoclonal TSAbs in human thyrocytes in primary culture. Methods: We used quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to measure mRNA levels of thyroid-specific genes thyroglobulin (TG), thyroperoxidase (TPO), iodothyronine deiodinase type 2 (DIO2), sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), and TSHR after stimulation by TSH or two monoclonal TSAbs, KSAb1 and M22. We also compared secreted TG protein after TSHR activation by TSH and TSAbs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. TSHR cell surface expression was determined using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Results: We found that TSH at low doses increases and at high doses (>1 mU/mL) decreases levels of gene expression for TSHR, TG, TPO, NIS, and DIO2. The biphasic effect of TSH on signaling was not caused by downregulation of cell surface TSHRs. This bell-shaped biphasic dose-response curve has been termed an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve (IUDRC). An IUDRC was also found for TSH-induced regulation of TG secretion. In contrast, KSAb1- and M22-induced regulation of TSHR, TG, TPO, NIS, and DIO2 gene expression, and secreted TG followed a monotonic dose-response curve that plateaus at high doses of activating antibody. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that the physiological activation of TSHRs by TSH in primary cultures of human thyrocytes is characterized by a regulatory mechanism that may inhibit thyrocyte overstimulation. In contrast, TSAbs do not exhibit biphasic regulation. Although KSAb1 and M22 may not be representative of all TSAbs found in patients with Graves' disease, we suggest that persistent robust stimulation of TSHRs by TSAbs, unrelieved by a decrease at high TSAb levels, fosters chronic stimulation of thyrocytes in Graves' hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesong Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah J. Morgan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J. Paul Banga
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Boutin A, Gershengorn MC, Neumann S. β-Arrestin 1 in Thyrotropin Receptor Signaling in Bone: Studies in Osteoblast-Like Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:312. [PMID: 32508750 PMCID: PMC7251030 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A direct action of thyrotropin (TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone) on bone precursors in humans is controversial. Studies in rodent models have provided conflicting findings. We used cells derived from a moderately differentiated osteosarcoma stably overexpressing human TSH receptors (TSHRs) as a model of osteoblast precursors (U2OS-TSHR cells) to investigate TSHR-mediated effects in bone differentiation in human cells. We review our findings that (1) TSHR couples to several different G proteins to induce upregulation of genes associated with osteoblast activity-interleukin 11 (IL-11), osteopontin (OPN), and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and that the kinetics of the induction and the G protein-mediated signaling pathways involved were different for these genes; (2) TSH can stimulate β-arrestin-mediated signal transduction and that β-arrestin 1 in part mediates TSH-induced pre-osteoblast differentiation; and (3) TSHR/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R) synergistically increased OPN secretion by TSH and IGF1 and that this crosstalk was mediated by physical association of these receptors in a signaling complex that uses β-arrestin 1 as a scaffold. These findings were complemented using a novel β-arrestin 1-biased agonist of TSHR. We conclude that TSHR can signal via several transduction pathways leading to differentiation of this model system of human pre-osteoblast cells and, therefore, that TSH can directly regulate these bone cells.
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Neumann S, Malik SS, Marcus-Samuels B, Eliseeva E, Jang D, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Krieger CC, Gershengorn MC. Thyrotropin Causes Dose-dependent Biphasic Regulation of cAMP Production Mediated by G s and G i/o Proteins. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 97:2-8. [PMID: 31704717 PMCID: PMC6864415 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyrotropin (TSH) receptor (TSHR) signals via G proteins of all four classes and β-arrestin 1. Stimulation of TSHR leads to increasing cAMP production that has been reported as a monotonic dose-response curve that plateaus at high TSH doses. In HEK 293 cells overexpressing TSHRs (HEK-TSHR cells), we found that TSHR activation exhibits an "inverted U-shaped dose-response curve" with increasing cAMP production at low doses of TSH and decreased cAMP production at high doses (>1 mU/ml). Since protein kinase A inhibition by H-89 and knockdown of β-arrestin 1 or β-arrestin 2 did not affect the decreased cAMP production at high TSH doses, we studied the roles of TSHR downregulation and of Gi/Go proteins. A high TSH dose (100 mU/ml) caused a 33% decrease in cell-surface TSHR. However, because inhibiting TSHR downregulation with combined expression of a dominant negative dynamin 1 and β-arrestin 2 knockdown had no effect, we concluded that downregulation is not involved in the biphasic cAMP response. Pertussis toxin, which inhibits activation of Gi/Go, abolished the biphasic response with no statistically significant difference in cAMP levels at 1 and 100 mU/ml TSH. Concordantly, co-knockdown of Gi/Go proteins increased cAMP levels stimulated by 100 mU/ml TSH from 55% to 73% of the peak level. These data show that biphasic regulation of cAMP production is mediated by Gs and Gi/Go at low and high TSH doses, respectively, which may represent a mechanism to prevent overstimulation in TSHR-expressing cells. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We demonstrate biphasic regulation of TSH-mediated cAMP production involving coupling of the TSH receptor (TSHR) to Gs at low TSH doses and to Gi/o at high TSH doses. We suggest that this biphasic cAMP response allows the TSHR to mediate responses at lower levels of TSH and that decreased cAMP production at high doses may represent a mechanism to prevent overstimulation of TSHR-expressing cells. This mechanism could prevent chronic stimulation of thyroid gland function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah S Malik
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daesong Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine C Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (S.N., S.S.M., B.M.-S., E.E., D.J., C.C.K., M.C.G.) and Metabolic Disease Branch (J.K.-G.), National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Menzel W, Stenzel I, Helbig LM, Krishnamoorthy P, Neumann S, Eschen-Lippold L, Heilmann M, Lee J, Heilmann I. A PAMP-triggered MAPK cascade inhibits phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate production by PIP5K6 in Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytol 2019; 224:833-847. [PMID: 31318449 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide kinase PIP5K6 has recently been identified as a target for the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) MPK6. Phosphorylation of PIP5K6 inhibited the production of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2 ), impacting membrane trafficking and cell expansion in pollen tubes. Here, we analyzed whether MPK6 regulated PIP5K6 in vegetative Arabidopsis cells in response to the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) flg22. Promoter-β-glucuronidase analyses and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction data show PIP5K6 expressed throughout Arabidopsis tissues. Upon flg22 treatment of transgenic protoplasts, the PIP5K6 protein was phosphorylated, and this modification was reduced for a PIP5K6 variant lacking MPK6-targeted residues, or in protoplasts from mpk6 mutants. Upon flg22 treatment of Arabidopsis plants, phosphoinositide levels mildly decreased and a fluorescent reporter for PtdIns(4,5)P2 displayed reduced plasma membrane association, contrasting with phosphoinositide increases reported for abiotic stress responses. Flg22 treatment and chemical induction of the upstream MAPK kinase, MKK5, decreased phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase activity in mesophyll protoplasts, indicating that the flg22-activated MAPK cascade limited PtdIns(4,5)P2 production. PIP5K6 expression or PIP5K6 protein abundance changed only marginally upon flg22 treatment, consistent with post-translational control of PIP5K6 activity. PtdIns(4,5)P2 -dependent endocytosis of FM 4-64, PIN2 and the NADPH-oxidase RbohD were reduced upon flg22 treatment or MKK5 induction. Reduced RbohD-endocytosis was correlated with enhanced ROS production. We conclude that MPK6-mediated phosphorylation of PIP5K6 limits the production of a functional PtdIns(4,5)P2 pool upon PAMP perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Menzel
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Irene Stenzel
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Helbig
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Praveen Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Lennart Eschen-Lippold
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Mareike Heilmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Ingo Heilmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
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Neumann S, Gerl TW, Rominger F, Scherhag G, Meier C, Metz M, Albinati A, Hofmann P. Selective Carbon–Carbon Bond Activation of Epoxides by a Bisphosphine Pt(0) Complex. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas W. Gerl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gunter Scherhag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Meier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Metz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Albinati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Hofmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Kamp F, Proebstl L, Hager L, Schreiber A, Riebschläger M, Neumann S, Straif M, Schacht-Jablonowsky M, Manz K, Soyka M, Koller G. Effectiveness of methamphetamine abuse treatment: Predictors of treatment completion and comparison of two residential treatment programs. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 201:8-15. [PMID: 31154239 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing demand of evidence-based treatment options for methamphetamine users, but research in this field is limited. This study therefore evaluates the efficacy of two residential treatment programs for methamphetamine users. METHOD A total of 108 patients with a history of methamphetamine abuse from two inpatient rehabilitation centers were studied for psychiatric symptoms, craving, psychosocial resources, and cognitive functioning at the start and end of therapy. Patients from one center ("amphetamine type stimulant group") received conventional group therapy plus an additional 10 h of group therapy focusing on stimulant use. Patients from the other center ("treatment as usual") received conventional group therapy only. Predictors of drop-out were estimated. RESULTS A drop-out rate of 40.7% was observed without a significant difference between both centers. Patients remained significantly longer in treatment as usual compared to amphetamine type stimulant treatment. Irrespective of treatment program, craving and psychiatric symptoms significantly decreased while psychosocial resources, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility improved over time. Other cognitive measures yielded mixed results. History of injection drug use was a significant predictor for treatment drop-out. CONCLUSIONS Existing treatments are effective in reducing craving and psychiatric symptoms. Additional stimulant specific groups do not appear to influence treatment completion and secondary outcome measures. Institutions should therefore offer treatment for methamphetamine users, even if they do not provide a therapy content focusing on methamphetamine. History of injection drug use should receive attention in treatment to prevent drop-out. Changes in cognitive functioning need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kamp
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - L Proebstl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - L Hager
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - A Schreiber
- District Hospital Hochstadt, Hauptstraße 13, 96272, Hochstadt am Main, Germany
| | - M Riebschläger
- MEDIAN Clinic Mecklenburg, Blumenstraße 3, Rehna OT Parber, 19217, Germany
| | - S Neumann
- MEDIAN Clinic Mecklenburg, Blumenstraße 3, Rehna OT Parber, 19217, Germany
| | - M Straif
- District Hospital Hochstadt, Hauptstraße 13, 96272, Hochstadt am Main, Germany
| | | | - K Manz
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Soyka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany; Medical Parc Chiemseeblick, Rathausstraße 8, 83233, Bernau am Chiemsee, Germany
| | - G Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstraße 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Krieger CC, Boutin A, Jang D, Morgan SJ, Banga JP, Kahaly GJ, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Arrestin-β-1 Physically Scaffolds TSH and IGF1 Receptors to Enable Crosstalk. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1468-1479. [PMID: 31127272 PMCID: PMC6542485 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Endogenously expressed TSH receptors (TSHRs) on orbital fibroblasts of patients with Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) use crosstalk with IGF1 receptors (IGF1R) to synergistically stimulate secretion of hyaluronan (HA), a major component of GO pathology. We previously showed crosstalk occurred upstream of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Because other G protein-coupled receptors engage arrestin-β-1 (ARRB1) and ERK, we tested whether ARRB1 was a necessary component of TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk. HA secretion was stimulated by the TSHR-stimulating monoclonal antibodies M22 and KSAb1, or immunoglobulins from patients with GO (GO-Igs). Treatment with M22, as previously shown, resulted in biphasic dose-response stimulation of HA secretion. The high-potency phase was IGF1R dependent, and the low-potency phase was partly IGF1R independent. KSAb1 produced a monophasic dose-response stimulation of HA secretion, whose potency was lowered >20-fold after IGF1R knockdown. ARRB1 knockdown abolished M22's high-potency phase and lowered KSAb1's potency and efficacy. ARRB1 knockdown inhibited GO-Ig stimulation of HA secretion and of ERK phosphorylation. Last, ARRB1 was shown to be necessary for TSHR/IGF1R proximity. In contrast, ARRB2 knockdowns did not show these effects. Thus, TSHR must neighbor IGF1R for crosstalk in GO fibroblasts to occur, and this depends on ARRB1 acting as a scaffold. Similar scaffolding of TSHR and IGF1R by ARRB1 was found in human osteoblast-like cells and human thyrocytes. These findings support a model of TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk that may be a general mechanism for G-protein-coupled receptor/receptor tyrosine kinase crosstalk dependent on ARRB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daesong Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah J Morgan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Paul Banga
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, The Rayne Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - George J Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Sankavaram SR, Hakim R, Covacu R, Frostell A, Neumann S, Svensson M, Brundin L. Adult Neural Progenitor Cells Transplanted into Spinal Cord Injury Differentiate into Oligodendrocytes, Enhance Myelination, and Contribute to Recovery. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:950-966. [PMID: 31031190 PMCID: PMC6524946 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term survival and integration of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) transplanted following spinal cord injury (SCI) have been observed. However, questions concerning the differentiation choice, the mechanism of action, and the contribution of NPCs to functional recovery remains unanswered. Therefore, we investigated the differentiation of NPCs, global transcriptomal changes in transplanted NPCs, the effect of NPCs on neuroinflammation, and the causality between NPC transplantation and functional recovery. We found that NPCs transplanted following SCI differentiate mainly into oligodendrocytes and enhance myelination, upregulate genes related to synaptic signaling and mitochondrial activity, and downregulate genes related to cytokine production and immune system response. NPCs suppress the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines; moreover, NPC ablation confirm that NPCs were responsible for enhanced recovery in hindlimb locomotor function. Understanding the reaction of transplanted NPCs is important for exploiting their full potential. Existence of causality implies that NPCs are useful in the treatment of SCI. NPCs differentiate mainly into oligodendrocytes and enhance myelination NPCs suppress expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines Causality exists between transplantation of NPCs and functional recovery NPCs upregulate genes related to synaptic signaling, oligodendrocytes/myelination
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasa Raghavan Sankavaram
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ramil Hakim
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruxandra Covacu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Frostell
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Svensson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lou Brundin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Neumann S, Krieger CC, Gershengorn MC. Letter to the Editor: "Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1075-1076. [PMID: 30561709 PMCID: PMC6615308 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine C Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Marvin C. Gershengorn, MD, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8029. E-mail:
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Neumann S, Sophocleous F, Kobetic MD, Hart EC, Nightingale AK, Parker KH, Hamilton MK, Biglino G. Wave intensity analysis in the internal carotid artery of hypertensive subjects using phase-contrast MR angiography and preliminary assessment of the effect of vessel morphology on wave dynamics. Physiol Meas 2018; 39:104003. [PMID: 30192235 PMCID: PMC6372132 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aadfc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Hypertension is associated with reduced cerebral blood flow, but it is not known how this impacts on wave dynamics or potentially relates to arterial morphology. Given the location of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and risks associated with invasive measurements, wave dynamics in this artery have not been extensively assessed in vivo. This study explores the feasibility of studying wave dynamics in the internal carotid artery non-invasively. Approach: Normotensive, uncontrolled and controlled hypertensive participants were recruited (daytime ambulatory blood pressure <135/85 mmHg and >135/85 mmHg, respectively; n = 38). Wave intensity, reservoir pressure and statistical shape analyses were performed on the right ICA and ascending aorta high-resolution phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography data. Main results: Wave speed in the aorta was significantly lower in normotensive compared to hypertensive participants (6.7 ± 1.8 versus 11.2 ± 6.2 m s−1 for uncontrolled and 11.8 ± 4.6 m s−1 for controlled hypertensives, p = 0.02), whilst there were no differences in wave speed in the ICA. There were no significant differences between the groups for the wave intensity or reservoir pressure. Interestingly, a significant association between the anatomy of the ICA and wave energy (FCW and size, r2 = 0.12, p = 0.04) was found. Significance: This study shows it is feasible to study wave dynamics in the ICA non-invasively. Whilst changes in aortic wave speed confirmed an expected increase in arterial stiffness, this was not observed in the ICA. This might suggest a protective mechanism in the cerebral circulation, in conjunction with the effect of vessel tortuosity. Furthermore, it was observed that ICA shape correlated with wave energy but not wave speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Krieger CC, Morgan SJ, Neumann S, Gershengorn MC. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)/Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) Receptor Cross-talk in Human Cells. Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res 2018; 2:29-33. [PMID: 30547142 PMCID: PMC6287758 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid stimulating hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (TSHRs and IGF1Rs, respectively) interact leading to additive or synergistic stimulation of cellular responses. Recent findings provide evidence that the interaction between TSHRs and IGF1Rs is similar to that described for other G protein-coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases. These types of interactions occur at or proximal to the receptors and are designated "receptor cross-talk." Herein, we describe our studies in human thyrocytes, human retro-orbital fibroblasts from Graves' orbitopathy patients and a model cell line that support the concept of TSHR/IGF1R cross-talk. We also discuss how receptor cross-talk is involved in stimulation by a monoclonal TSHR-stimulating antibody and how targeting both receptors may lead to novel treatments of Graves' orbitopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C. Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah J. Morgan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Diana T, Daiber A, Oelze M, Neumann S, Olivo PD, Kanitz M, Stamm P, Kahaly GJ. Stimulatory TSH-Receptor Antibodies and Oxidative Stress in Graves Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:3668-3677. [PMID: 30099546 PMCID: PMC6179174 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT We hypothesized that TSH-receptor (TSHR) stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) are involved in oxidative stress mechanisms in patients with Graves disease (GD). METHODS Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, isoform 2 (NOX2); oxidative parameters; and oxidative burst were measured in serum, urine, and whole blood from patients with GD and control subjects. Superoxide production was investigated in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably overexpressing the TSHR. Lipid peroxidation was determined by immunodot-blot analysis for protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) in human primary thyrocytes and HEK-293-TSHR cells. RESULTS Serum NOX2 levels were markedly higher in hyperthyroid untreated vs euthyroid treated patients with GD, hyperthyroid patients with toxic nodular goiter, and euthyroid healthy control subjects (all P < 0.0001). Urine oxidative parameters were increased in patients with GD vs patients with toxic goiter (P < 0.01) and/or control subjects (P < 0.001). The maximum of the zymosan A- and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate-induced respiratory burst of leukocytes was 1.5-fold higher in whole blood from hyperthyroid patients with GD compared with control subjects (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05). Monoclonal M22 TSAbs stimulated cAMP (HEK cells) in a dose-dependent manner. M22 (P = 0.0082), bovine TSH (P = 0.0028), and sera of hyperthyroid patients with GD (P < 0.05) increased superoxide-specific 2-hydroxyethidium levels in HEK-293 TSHR cells after 48-hour incubation vs control subjects. In contrast, triiodothyronine (T3) did not affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In primary thyrocytes, the 4-HNE marker was higher in patients with GD vs control subjects at 6 and 48 hours (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively). Further, after 48-hour incubation of HEK-293 TSHR cells with patient sera, 4-HNE was higher in patients with untreated GD compared with control subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Monoclonal M22 and polyclonal serum TSAbs augment ROS generation and/or induce lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Diana
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul D Olivo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael Kanitz
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
| | - Paul Stamm
- Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
| | - George J Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: George J. Kahaly, MD, PhD, JGU Medical Center, Langenbeckstreet 1, Mainz 55131, Germany. E-mail:
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Neumann S, Franke AG. „Cognitive Enhancement“ mit Psychostimulanzien: Kognitive Leistungssteigerung zwischen Lifestyle-Phänomen und therapeutischer Indikation. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- Ludwigs-Maximilians-Universität München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, München, Deutschland
| | - AG Franke
- Hochschule der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Mannheim, Deutschland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) pathogenesis involves thyrotropin (TSH) receptor (TSHR)-stimulating autoantibodies. Whether there are autoantibodies that directly stimulate insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF-1Rs), stimulating insulin-like growth factor receptor antibodies (IGFRAbs), remains controversial. This study attempted to determine whether there are stimulating IGFRAbs in patients with GO. METHODS Immunoglobulins (Igs) were purified from normal volunteers (NV-Igs) and patients with GO (GO-Igs). The effects of TSH, IGF-1, NV-Igs, and GO-Igs on pAKT and pERK1/2, members of pathways used by IGF-1R and TSHR, were compared in orbital fibroblasts from GO patients (GOFs) and U2OS-TSHR cells overexpressing TSHRs, and U2OS cells that express TSHRs at very low endogenous levels. U2OS-TSHR and U2OS cells were used because GOFs are not easily manipulated using molecular techniques such as transfection, and U2OS cells because they express TSHRs at levels that do not measurably stimulate signaling. Thus, comparing U2OS-TSHR and U2OS cells permits specifically distinguishing signaling mediated by the TSHR and IGF-1R. RESULTS In GOFs, all GO-Igs stimulated pERK1/2 formation and 69% stimulated pAKT. In U2OS-TSHR cells, 15% of NV-IGs and 83% of GO-Igs stimulated increases in pERK1/2, whereas all NV-Igs and GO-Igs stimulated increases in pAKT. In U2OS cells, 70% of GO-Igs stimulated small increases in pAKT. Knockdown of IGF-1R caused a 65 ± 6.3% decrease in IGF-1-stimulated pAKT but had no effect on GO-Igs stimulation of pAKT. Thus, GO-Igs contain factor(s) that stimulate pAKT formation. However, this factor(s) does not directly activate IGF-1R. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings analyzing these two signaling pathways, it is concluded there is no evidence of stimulating IGFRAbs in GO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christine C. Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George J. Kahaly
- Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C. Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Tetta C, Segoloni G, Camussi G, Neumann S, Griva S, Piva S, Pacitti A, Vercellone A. In vitro Complement-Independent Activation of Human Neutrophils by Hemodialysis Membranes: Role of the Net Electric Charge. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888701000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membranes with different net electric charges and percentage water contents (anionic 71%, neutral 70%, cationic 75%) were evaluated for their ability to stimulate plasma-free human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), and compared for potency to cuprophan (Cu), already described as being a potent trigger of PMN. The release of lysozyme, β-glucuronidase, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and the generation of a platelet aggregating activity were studied in the supernatants from plasma-free human PMN incubated with different membranes. The PMN intracellular content of neutrophil cationic proteins (NCP), elastase, and cathepsin G were also studied by immunofluorescence using specific antisera on smears of PMN before and after incubation with each membrane. Only cationic, but not anionic or neutral PMMA induced a marked release of lysozyme (range 20-25% of the sonicated control, assumed as 100%), and β-glu-coronidase (40-43%), and marked depletion of the intracellular content of NCP, elastase, and cathepsin G, suggesting a degranulation process. Platelet aggregating activity was generated and referred to the release of platelet activating factor (PAF) only in the supernatants from PMN incubated with cationic, but not with anionic, or neutral PMMA membranes. These results indicate that modification of the net electric charge can per se turn PMMA, commonly recognized as inert, into a material with marked PMN activating effects, comparable to those of Cu, a highly reactive polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Tetta
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
- Cattedra di Nefrologia Università di Torino and Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - G. Segoloni
- Cattedra di Nefrologia Università di Torino and Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - G. Camussi
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
- Cattedra di Nefrologia Università di Torino and Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - S. Neumann
- Biochemical Research Institute, E. Merck, Darmstadt, West Germany
| | - S. Griva
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - S. Piva
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - A. Pacitti
- Cattedra di Nefrologia Università di Torino and Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
| | - A. Vercellone
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
- Cattedra di Nefrologia Università di Torino and Divisione di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale Maggiore S.G. Battista - Molinette, Torino
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Tolba R, Neumann S, Schulz S, Sitzia M, Minor T. Fibrinolysis in organ procurement for transplantation after cardiocirculatory compromise. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
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Neumann S, Eliseeva E, Boutin A, Barnaeva E, Ferrer M, Southall N, Kim D, Hu X, Morgan SJ, Marugan JJ, Gershengorn MC. Discovery of a Positive Allosteric Modulator of the Thyrotropin Receptor: Potentiation of Thyrotropin-Mediated Preosteoblast Differentiation In Vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:38-45. [PMID: 29089368 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that TSH-enhanced differentiation of a human preosteoblast-like cell model involved a β-arrestin 1 (β-Arr 1)-mediated pathway. To study this pathway in more detail, we sought to discover a small molecule ligand that was functionally selective toward human TSH receptor (TSHR) activation of β-Arr 1. High-throughput screening using a cell line stably expressing mutated TSHRs and mutated β-Arr 1 (DiscoverX1 cells) led to the discovery of agonists that stimulated translocation of β-Arr 1 to the TSHR, but did not activate Gs-mediated signaling pathways, i.e., cAMP production. D3-βArr (NCGC00379308) was selected. In DiscoverX1 cells, D3-βArr stimulated β-Arr 1 translocation with a 5.1-fold greater efficacy than TSH and therefore potentiated the effect of TSH in stimulating β-Arr 1 translocation. In human U2OS-TSHR cells expressing wild-type TSHRs, which is a model of human preosteoblast-like cells, TSH upregulated the osteoblast-specific genes osteopontin (OPN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL). D3-βArr alone had only a weak effect to upregulate these bone markers, but D3-βArr potentiated TSH-induced upregulation of ALPL and OPN mRNA levels 1.6-fold and 5.5-fold, respectively, at the maximum dose of ligands. Furthermore, the positive allosteric modulator effect of D3-βArr resulted in an increase of TSH-induced secretion of OPN protein. In summary, we have discovered the first small molecule positive allosteric modulator of TSHR. As D3-βArr potentiates the effect of TSH to enhance differentiation of a human preosteoblast in an in vitro model, it will allow a novel experimental approach for probing the role of TSH-induced β-Arr 1 signaling in osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Elena Eliseeva
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Alisa Boutin
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Elena Barnaeva
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Noel Southall
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - David Kim
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Xin Hu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Sarah J Morgan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Juan J Marugan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (S.N., E.E., A.B., S.J.M., M.C.G.); and Division of Pre-Clinical Innovations, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland (E.B., M.F., N.S., D.K., X.H., J.J.M.)
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Beyes M, Nause N, Bleyer M, Kaup FJ, Neumann S. Description of post-implantation embryonic stages in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus
) after embryonic diapause. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:582-591. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Beyes
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine; Georg-August-Universität; Göttingen Germany
| | - N. Nause
- Platform Degenerative Diseases; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
| | - M. Bleyer
- Pathology Unit; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
| | - F.-J. Kaup
- Pathology Unit; German Primate Center; Göttingen Germany
| | - S. Neumann
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine; Georg-August-Universität; Göttingen Germany
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Heinz WJ, Buchheidt D, Christopeit M, von Lilienfeld-Toal M, Cornely OA, Einsele H, Karthaus M, Link H, Mahlberg R, Neumann S, Ostermann H, Penack O, Ruhnke M, Sandherr M, Schiel X, Vehreschild JJ, Weissinger F, Maschmeyer G. Diagnosis and empirical treatment of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in adult neutropenic patients: guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO). Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1775-1792. [PMID: 28856437 PMCID: PMC5645428 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fever may be the only clinical symptom at the onset of infection in neutropenic cancer patients undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy. A prompt and evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approach is mandatory. A systematic search of current literature was conducted, including only full papers and excluding allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Recommendations for diagnosis and therapy were developed by an expert panel and approved after plenary discussion by the AGIHO. Randomized clinical trials were mainly available for therapeutic decisions, and new diagnostic procedures have been introduced into clinical practice in the past decade. Stratification into a high-risk versus low-risk patient population is recommended. In high-risk patients, initial empirical antimicrobial therapy should be active against pathogens most commonly involved in microbiologically documented and most threatening infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but excluding coagulase-negative staphylococci. In patients whose expected duration of neutropenia is more than 7 days and who do not respond to first-line antibacterial treatment, specifically in the absence of mold-active antifungal prophylaxis, further therapy should be directed also against fungi, in particular Aspergillus species. With regard to antimicrobial stewardship, treatment duration after defervescence in persistently neutropenic patients must be critically reconsidered and the choice of anti-infective agents adjusted to local epidemiology. This guideline updates recommendations for diagnosis and empirical therapy of fever of unknown origin in adult neutropenic cancer patients in light of the challenges of antimicrobial stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Heinz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Würzburg Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - D Buchheidt
- Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Mannheim University Hospital, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Christopeit
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital UKE, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - O A Cornely
- Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, ZKS Köln, Cölogne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology CIO Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - H Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Würzburg Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Karthaus
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Neuperlach and Klinikum Harlaching, München, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Harlaching, Munich, Germany
| | - H Link
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Private Practice, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R Mahlberg
- Klinikum Mutterhaus der Borromäerinnen, Trier, Germany
| | - S Neumann
- Medical Oncology, AMO MVZ, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - H Ostermann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - O Penack
- Internal Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Ruhnke
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Paracelsus-Klinik, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - M Sandherr
- Hematology and Oncology Practice, Weilheim, Germany
| | - X Schiel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Harlaching, Munich, Germany
| | - J J Vehreschild
- Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Weissinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - G Maschmeyer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany.
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Neumann S, Franke AG, Soyka M. Frauen und „Crystal Meth“ – Gendersensible Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturrecherche zu bio-psycho-sozialen Aspekten und Therapie. Das Gesundheitswesen 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, München
| | - AG Franke
- Hochschule Neubrandenburg (University of Applied Sciences), Fachbereich Soziale Arbeit, Bildung und Erziehung, Neubrandenburg
| | - M Soyka
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, München
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Neumann S, Franke AG. Psychosozialer Stress im ländlichen Raum: Problemlagen, subjektive Belastung und Inanspruchnahme von Hilfen. Das Gesundheitswesen 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1605713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Neumann
- Hochschule Neubrandenburg (University of Applied Sciences), Fachbereich Soziale Arbeit, Bildung und Erziehung, Neubrandenburg
| | - AG Franke
- Hochschule Neubrandenburg (University of Applied Sciences), Fachbereich Soziale Arbeit, Bildung und Erziehung, Neubrandenburg
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Citterio CE, Veluswamy B, Morgan SJ, Galton VA, Banga JP, Atkins S, Morishita Y, Neumann S, Latif R, Gershengorn MC, Smith TJ, Arvan P. De novo triiodothyronine formation from thyrocytes activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15434-15444. [PMID: 28743746 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.784447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The thyroid gland secretes primarily tetraiodothyronine (T4), and some triiodothyronine (T3). Under normal physiological circumstances, only one-fifth of circulating T3 is directly released by the thyroid, but in states of hyperactivation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors (TSHRs), patients develop a syndrome of relative T3 toxicosis. Thyroidal T4 production results from iodination of thyroglobulin (TG) at residues Tyr5 and Tyr130, whereas thyroidal T3 production may originate in several different ways. In this study, the data demonstrate that within the carboxyl-terminal portion of mouse TG, T3 is formed de novo independently of deiodination from T4 We found that upon iodination in vitro, de novo T3 formation in TG was decreased in mice lacking TSHRs. Conversely, de novo T3 that can be formed upon iodination of TG secreted from PCCL3 (rat thyrocyte) cells was augmented from cells previously exposed to increased TSH, a TSHR agonist, a cAMP analog, or a TSHR-stimulating antibody. We present data suggesting that TSH-stimulated TG phosphorylation contributes to enhanced de novo T3 formation. These effects were reversed within a few days after removal of the hyperstimulating conditions. Indeed, direct exposure of PCCL3 cells to human serum from two patients with Graves' disease, but not control sera, led to secretion of TG with an increased intrinsic ability to form T3 upon in vitro iodination. Furthermore, TG secreted from human thyrocyte cultures hyperstimulated with TSH also showed an increased intrinsic ability to form T3 Our data support the hypothesis that TG processing in the secretory pathway of TSHR-hyperstimulated thyrocytes alters the structure of the iodination substrate in a way that enhances de novo T3 formation, contributing to the relative T3 toxicosis of Graves' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.,the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología/Cátedra de Genética, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina.,the CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), C1120AAR Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Balaji Veluswamy
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Sarah J Morgan
- the National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (LERB), Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Valerie A Galton
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
| | - J Paul Banga
- the Department of Molecular Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephen Atkins
- the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, and
| | - Yoshiaki Morishita
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Susanne Neumann
- the National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (LERB), Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Rauf Latif
- the Thyroid Research Unit, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10468
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- the National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology (LERB), Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Terry J Smith
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.,the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, and
| | - Peter Arvan
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105,
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Krieger CC, Neumann S, Marcus-Samuels B, Gershengorn MC. TSHR/IGF-1R Cross-Talk, Not IGF-1R Stimulating Antibodies, Mediates Graves' Ophthalmopathy Pathogenesis. Thyroid 2017; 27:746-747. [PMID: 28346855 PMCID: PMC5421635 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2017.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Krieger
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bernice Marcus-Samuels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
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