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Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Jeong BK, Choi WI, Oh CJ, Lim CW, Kim M, Yoon J, Kim SS, Bae MA, Jeon JH, Song S, Lee HJ, Lee EY, Goughnour PC, Kim D, Lee IK, Loomba R, Kim H, Ahn JH. Discovery of a peripheral 5HT 2A antagonist as a clinical candidate for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:645. [PMID: 38245505 PMCID: PMC10799935 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is currently the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), an advanced form of MASLD, can progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on recent findings by our team that liver 5HT2A knockout male mice suppressed steatosis and reduced fibrosis-related gene expression, we developed a peripheral 5HT2A antagonist, compound 11c for MASH. It shows good in vitro activity, stability, and in vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) in rats and dogs. Compound 11c also shows good in vivo efficacy in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) male mice model and in a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) male mice model, effectively improving histologic features of MASH and fibrosis. According to the tissue distribution study using [14C]-labeled 11c, the compound was determined to be a peripheral 5HT2A antagonist. Collectively, first-in-class compound 11c shows promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of MASLD and MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Joo Oh
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Lim
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soon Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Song
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jong Lee
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter C Goughnour
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooseop Kim
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
- JD Bioscience Inc., TJS Knowledge Industrial Center Suite 801, 208 Beon-gil Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea.
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Oh CJ, Kim MJ, Lee JM, Kim DH, Kim IY, Park S, Kim Y, Lee KB, Lee SH, Lim CW, Kim M, Lee JY, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Bae MA, Chanda D, Thoudam T, Khang AR, Harris RA, Ahn JH, Jeon JH, Lee IK. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 ameliorates kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing succinate accumulation during ischemia and preserving mitochondrial function during reperfusion. Kidney Int 2023; 104:724-739. [PMID: 37399974 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), is still without effective therapies. Succinate accumulation during ischemia followed by its oxidation during reperfusion leads to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and severe kidney damage. Consequently, the targeting of succinate accumulation may represent a rational approach to the prevention of IR-induced kidney injury. Since ROS are generated primarily in mitochondria, which are abundant in the proximal tubule of the kidney, we explored the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a mitochondrial enzyme, in IR-induced kidney injury using proximal tubule cell-specific Pdk4 knockout (Pdk4ptKO) mice. Knockout or pharmacological inhibition of PDK4 ameliorated IR-induced kidney damage. Succinate accumulation during ischemia, which is responsible for mitochondrial ROS production during reperfusion, was reduced by PDK4 inhibition. PDK4 deficiency established conditions prior to ischemia resulting in less succinate accumulation, possibly because of a reduction in electron flow reversal in complex II, which provides electrons for the reduction of fumarate to succinate by succinate dehydrogenase during ischemia. The administration of dimethyl succinate, a cell-permeable form of succinate, attenuated the beneficial effects of PDK4 deficiency, suggesting that the kidney-protective effect is succinate-dependent. Finally, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PDK4 prevented IR-induced mitochondrial damage in mice and normalized mitochondrial function in an in vitro model of IR injury. Thus, inhibition of PDK4 represents a novel means of preventing IR-induced kidney injury, and involves the inhibition of ROS-induced kidney toxicity through reduction in succinate accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Joo Oh
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Lee
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Park
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bok Lee
- Center for Research Equipment (104-Dong), Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Center for Research Equipment (104-Dong), Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Lim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yi Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Reum Khang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Lee H, Jeon JH, Lee YJ, Kim MJ, Kwon WH, Chanda D, Thoudam T, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Ahn JH, Harris RA, Kim ES, Lee IK. Inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 in CD4 + T Cells Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:439-461. [PMID: 36229019 PMCID: PMC9791136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Despite recent evidence supporting the metabolic plasticity of CD4+ T cells, it is uncertain whether the metabolic checkpoint pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) in T cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of colitis. METHODS To investigate the role of PDK4 in colitis, we used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and T-cell transfer colitis models based on mice with constitutive knockout (KO) or CD4+ T-cell-specific KO of PDK4 (Pdk4fl/flCD4Cre). The effect of PDK4 deletion on T-cell activation was also studied in vitro. Furthermore, we examined the effects of a pharmacologic inhibitor of PDK4 on colitis. RESULTS Expression of PDK4 increased during colitis development in a DSS-induced colitis model. Phosphorylated PDHE1α, a substrate of PDK4, accumulated in CD4+ T cells in the lamina propria of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Both constitutive KO and CD4+ T-cell-specific deletion of PDK4 delayed DSS-induced colitis. Adoptive transfer of PDK4-deficient CD4+ T cells attenuated murine colitis, and PDK4 deficiency resulted in decreased activation of CD4+ T cells and attenuated aerobic glycolysis. Mechanistically, there were fewer endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, which are responsible for interorganelle calcium transfer, in PDK4-deficient CD4+ T cells. Consistent with this, GM-10395, a novel inhibitor of PDK4, suppressed T-cell activation by reducing endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium transfer, thereby ameliorating murine colitis. CONCLUSIONS PDK4 deletion from CD4+ T cells mitigates colitis by metabolic and calcium signaling modulation, suggesting PDK4 as a potential therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyul Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Han Jeon
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Lee
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Hee Kwon
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Eun Soo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Eun Soo Kim, MD, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea 41944. fax: +82-53-200-5879.
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea,In-Kyu Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea 41944.
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Kim M, Choi W, Yoon J, Jeong BK, Pagire SH, Pagire HS, Park J, Nam JE, Oh CJ, Jeon JH, Kim SS, Lee BH, Song JS, Bae MA, Lee IK, Kim H, Ahn JH. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tyrosine derivatives as peripheral 5HT 2A receptor antagonists for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114517. [PMID: 35732081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), attributed to excessive fat accumulation in the liver, is reportedly prevalent worldwide. NAFLD is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatic cellular carcinoma (HCC). The peripheral roles of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) were found to regulate hepatic lipid metabolism. Among serotonin receptor subtypes, 5HT2A receptor is known to regulate hepatic lipid metabolism. Hepatic lipid accumulation and hepatic triglyceride (TG) were reduced in liver-specific 5HT2A receptor knockout (5HT2A receptor LKO) mice upon high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. In the present study, we explored a series of new peripherally acting 5HT2A receptor antagonists. Compound 14a displayed good in vitro activity, with an IC50 value of 0.17 nM. Compound 14a exhibited good microsomal stability, no significant CYP and hERG inhibition, and 5HT receptor subtype selectivity. The brain-to-plasma ratio of 14a was below the lower limit of quantification, indicating limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. HFD-fed 14a treated mice showed decreased liver steatosis and lobular inflammation. These results demonstrate the potential of newly synthesized peripheral 5HT2A receptor antagonists for treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Wonil Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Jungsun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Nam
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Chang Joo Oh
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Seong Soon Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byung Hoi Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea; Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea; JD Bioscience, 208 Cheomdan-dwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
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Pagire SH, Pagire HS, Park KY, Bae EJ, Kim KE, Kim M, Yoon J, Parameswaran S, Choi JH, Park S, Jeon JH, Song JS, Bae MA, Lee IK, Kim H, Suh JM, Ahn JH. Identification of New Non-BBB Permeable Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitors for Treating Obesity and Fatty Liver Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113417. [PMID: 35684355 PMCID: PMC9182086 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptophan) is a hormone that regulates emotions in the central nervous system. However, serotonin in the peripheral system is associated with obesity and fatty liver disease. Because serotonin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we focused on identifying new tryptophan hydroxylase type I (TPH1) inhibitors that act only in peripheral tissues for treating obesity and fatty liver disease without affecting the central nervous system. Structural optimization inspired by para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) resulted in the identification of a series of oxyphenylalanine and heterocyclic phenylalanine derivatives as TPH1 inhibitors. Among these compounds, compound 18i with an IC50 value of 37 nM was the most active in vitro. Additionally, compound 18i showed good liver microsomal stability and did not significantly inhibit CYP and Herg. Furthermore, this TPH1 inhibitor was able to actively interact with the peripheral system without penetrating the BBB. Compound 18i and its prodrug reduced body weight gain in mammals and decreased in vivo fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna H. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
- JD Bioscience, 208 beon-gil, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
- JD Bioscience, 208 beon-gil, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-Y.P.); (K.-e.K.); (H.K.)
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Kwang-eun Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-Y.P.); (K.-e.K.); (H.K.)
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Jihyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Saravanan Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Jun-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Sungmi Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea; (S.P.); (J.-H.J.); (I.-K.L.)
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea; (S.P.); (J.-H.J.); (I.-K.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.S.S.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.S.S.); (M.A.B.)
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea; (S.P.); (J.-H.J.); (I.-K.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-Y.P.); (K.-e.K.); (H.K.)
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-Y.P.); (K.-e.K.); (H.K.)
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (S.H.P.); (H.S.P.); (E.J.B.); (M.K.); (J.Y.); (S.P.); (J.-H.C.)
- JD Bioscience, 208 beon-gil, Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (J.H.A.)
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Bae EJ, Choi WG, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Parameswaran S, Choi JH, Yoon J, Choi WI, Lee JH, Song JS, Bae MA, Kim M, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Kim H, Ahn JH. Peripheral Selective Oxadiazolylphenyl Alanine Derivatives as Tryptophan Hydroxylase 1 Inhibitors for Obesity and Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1037-1053. [PMID: 33417443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) has been recently suggested as a promising therapeutic target for treating obesity and fatty liver disease. A new series of 1,2,4-oxadiazolylphenyl alanine derivatives were identified as TPH1 inhibitors. Among them, compound 23a was the most active in vitro, with an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 42 nM, showed good liver microsomal stability, and showed no significant inhibition of CYP and hERG. Compound 23a inhibited TPH1 in the peripheral tissue with limited BBB penetration. In high-fat diet-fed mice, 23a reduced body weight gain, body fat, and hepatic lipid accumulation. Also, 23a improved glucose intolerance and energy expenditure. Taken together, compound 23a shows promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity and fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gun Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Saravanan Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Lee
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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7
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Lee N, Lim BH, Lee KS, Shin J, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Ahn JH, Lee SW, Kang TM, Park CS. Identification and Characterization of a Novel Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Activator, CTIBD, and Its Relaxation Effect on Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 99:114-124. [PMID: 33268552 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa channel) is expressed on various tissues and is involved in smooth muscle relaxation. The channel is highly expressed on urinary bladder smooth muscle cells and regulates the repolarization phase of the spontaneous action potentials that control muscle contraction. To discover novel chemical activators of the BKCa channel, we screened a chemical library containing 8364 chemical compounds using a cell-based fluorescence assay. A chemical compound containing an isoxazolyl benzene skeleton (compound 1) was identified as a potent activator of the BKCa channel and was structurally optimized through a structure-activity relationship study to obtain 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (CTIBD). When CTIBD was applied to the treated extracellular side of the channel, the conductance-voltage relationship of the channel shifted toward a negative value, and the maximum conductance increased in a concentration-dependent manner. CTIBD altered the gating kinetics of the channel by dramatically slowing channel closing without effecting channel opening. The effects of CTIBD on bladder muscle relaxation and micturition function were tested in rat tissue and in vivo. CTIBD concentration-dependently reduced acetylcholine-induced contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle strips. In an acetic acid-induced overactive bladder (OAB) model, intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg CTIBD effectively restored frequent voiding contraction and lowered voiding volume without affecting other bladder function parameters. Thus, our results indicate that CTIBD and its derivatives are novel chemical activators of the bladder BKCa channel and potential candidates for OAB therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The novel BKCa channel activator CTIBD was identified and characterized in this study. CTIBD directly activates the BKCa channel and relaxes urinary bladder smooth muscle of rat, so CTIBD can be a potential candidate for overactive bladder therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasaem Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Bong Hee Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Kyu-Sung Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Jimin Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Sung Won Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Tong Mook Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Center for AI-applied High Efficiency Drug Discovery and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (N.L., C.-S.P.) and Department of Chemistry (H.S.P., S.H.P., J.H.A.), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.H.L., K.-S.L., J.S., S.W.L.); and Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea (T.M.K.)
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8
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Kim M, Hwang I, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Choi W, Choi WG, Yoon J, Lee WM, Song JS, Yoo EK, Lee SM, Kim MJ, Bae MA, Kim D, Lee H, Lee EY, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Kim H, Ahn JH. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Peripheral 5HT2A Antagonists for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4171-4182. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseon Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsuk Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gun Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Mi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41010, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mi Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41010, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-jin Kim
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41010, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooseop Kim
- R&D center, JD Bioscience, 123 Cheomdan-dwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejong Lee
- R&D center, JD Bioscience, 123 Cheomdan-dwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- R&D center, JD Bioscience, 123 Cheomdan-dwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41010, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41010, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- R&D center, JD Bioscience, 123 Cheomdan-dwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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9
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Lee EH, Kim SM, Kim CH, Pagire SH, Pagire HS, Chung HY, Ahn JH, Park CH. Dopamine neuron induction and the neuroprotective effects of thyroid hormone derivatives. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13659. [PMID: 31541140 PMCID: PMC6754465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive movement disturbances caused by the selective loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. Despite the identification of the causal mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PD, effective treatments remain elusive. In this study, we observed that a low level of fetal bovine serum (FBS) effectively induced DA neurons in rat neural precursor cells (NPCs) by enhancing nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (NURR1) expression. Among the various components of FBS, the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were identified as key factors for the induction of DA neurons. Since an overdose of thyroid hormones can cause hyperthyroidism, we synthesized several thyroid hormone derivatives that can partially activate thyroid hormone receptors and induce the complete differentiation of NPCs into DA neurons. Two derivatives (#3 and #9) showed positive effects on the induction and maturation of DA neurons without showing significant affinity for the thyroid hormone receptor. They also effectively protected and restored DA neurons from neurotoxic insults. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that thyroid hormone derivatives can strongly induce DA neuron differentiation while avoiding excessive thyroid stimulation and might therefore be useful candidates for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Lee
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Kim
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | | | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Hee Yong Chung
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
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10
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Lee D, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Bae EJ, Dighe M, Kim M, Lee KM, Jang YK, Jaladi AK, Jung KY, Yoo EK, Gim HE, Lee S, Choi WI, Chi YI, Song JS, Bae MA, Jeon YH, Lee GH, Liu KH, Lee T, Park S, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Ahn JH. Correction to Discovery of Novel Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Inhibitors for Potential Oral Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2849. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Lee D, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Bae EJ, Dighe M, Kim M, Lee KM, Jang YK, Jaladi AK, Jung KY, Yoo EK, Gim HE, Lee S, Choi WI, Chi YI, Song JS, Bae MA, Jeon YH, Lee GH, Liu KH, Lee T, Park S, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Ahn JH. Discovery of Novel Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Inhibitors for Potential Oral Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:575-588. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh Dighe
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Myung Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jang
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar Jaladi
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Eon Gim
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmi Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Chi
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmi Park
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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12
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Pagire SH, Lee E, Pagire HS, Bae EJ, Ryu SJ, Lee D, Kim MH, Kim GR, Hwang KS, Ahn S, Maeng JH, Song JS, Bae MA, Lee DH, Ahn JH. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of glutamic acid derivatives as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:529-532. [PMID: 29295794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of glutamic acid derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant activity and stability. We found several potent and stable glutamic acid derivatives. Among them, compound 12b exhibited good in vitro activity, chemical stability and cytotoxicity. A prototype compound 12b showed an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines and in a zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna H Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- Utah-Inha Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon 21988, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum Ran Kim
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Seok Hwang
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Ahn
- Utah-Inha Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon 21988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Maeng
- Utah-Inha Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon 21988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Don Hang Lee
- Utah-Inha Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon 21988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Jang YK, Lee KM, Jung KY, Kang SK, Pagire SH, Lee JM, Pagire HS, Kim KR, Bae MA, Lee H, Rhee SD, Ahn JH. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of aryl N-methoxyamide derivatives as GPR119 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3909-3914. [PMID: 28666737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-methoxyamide derivatives was identified and evaluated as GPR119 agonists. Several N-methoxyamides with thienopyrimidine and pyridine scaffolds showed potent GPR119 agonistic activities. Among them, compound 9c displayed good in vitro activity and potency. Moreover, compound 9c lowered glucose excursion in mice in an oral glucose tolerance test and increased GLP-1 secretion in intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Jang
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Myung Lee
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kyu Kang
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H Pagire
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Mi Lee
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S Pagire
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Rok Kim
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Hohjai Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Dal Rhee
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Pyun YM, Oh JH, Kwak HJ, Kim JY, Han SJ, Lee GB, Pagire SH, Pagire HS, Kim KY, Jung WH, Rhee SD, Lee DH, Ahn JH. Optimization of Benzimidazole Scaffold with a trans
-Phenylcyclohexyl Acetic Acid as Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase-1 Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Pyun
- Department of Chemistry; Sogang University; Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyun Oh
- Department of Chemistry; Sogang University; Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwak
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jung Han
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Bin Lee
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H. Pagire
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hoon Jung
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Dal Rhee
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Duck Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Sogang University; Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Drug Discovery Division; Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology; Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea
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