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Katakam BK, Behera B, Ranugha PSS, Puri N, Narayana Rao T, Gulati R, Seetharam K. IADVL SIG Pediatric Dermatology (Academy) Recommendations on Childhood Alopecia Areata. Indian Dermatol Online J 2022; 13:710-720. [PMID: 36386742 PMCID: PMC9650746 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_54_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by nonscarring alopecia. In contrast to adult onset AA, the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and therapy of childhood AA are less explored. This study aims at providing recommendations for the management of childhood AA. The special interest group (SIG) in pediatric dermatology under the Indian Association of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (IADVL) conducted online meetings from February 2021 to September 2021, intending to identify the critical aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of AA. The classification, diagnosis, and tools for assessment of disease activity of childhood AA have been described in this study, along with recommendations for topical and systemic therapy, including newer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumesh K. Katakam
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Government Medical College/Hospital, Suryapet, Telangana, India
| | - Biswanath Behera
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Biswanath Behera, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. E-mail:
| | - PSS Ranugha
- Department of Dermatology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Neerja Puri
- Department of Dermatology, GGS Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - T. Narayana Rao
- Department of Dermatology, MIMS, Vijayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ram Gulati
- Department of Dermatology, Consultant Dermatologist, SDM Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - K.A. Seetharam
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Gulati R, Katakam BK, Ranugha PSS, Gupta M, Rao TN, Panda M, Munisamy M, Chiramel MJ, Puri N, Gupta S, Behera B, Dabas G. Recommendations for Pediatric Dermatology Practice during COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:S66-S70. [PMID: 34976882 PMCID: PMC8664170 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_814_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The current scenario of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a huge disease burden worldwide affecting people across all age groups. Although children get infected by coronavirus, they are less commonly affected. Only 2% of cases are being reported among patients aged less than 20 years of age and childhood cases constitute around 1-5% of them. Moreover, they are less likely to be seriously affected when compared to adults, with more than 90% of them being either asymptomatic or having mild to moderate disease. This could be attributed to less exposure or sensitivity to COVID-19, varying immune response mechanisms, differences in the expression/function of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 receptors or higher antibody levels to viruses owing to exposures to multiple respiratory infections, protective role of measles and BCG vaccine, and few associated comorbidities. However, children with certain underlying medical conditions like cardiac or respiratory disease, diabetes, immunodeficiency disorders, cancer or on immunosuppressants may be at a higher risk for developing severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Gulati
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bhumesh K. Katakam
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - P. S. S. Ranugha
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mrinal Gupta
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - T. Narayana Rao
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Maitreyee Panda
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Malathi Munisamy
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Minu J. Chiramel
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neerja Puri
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sandeep Gupta
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Biswanath Behera
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Garima Dabas
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
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Katakam BK, Munisamy M, Rao TN, Chiramel MJ, Panda M, Gupta S, Pss R, Seetharam KA. Recommendations for Management of Childhood Psoriasis. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:S71-S85. [PMID: 34976883 PMCID: PMC8664175 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_965_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood psoriasis is recognized as a potential multisystem disorder and hence it is imperative to optimize disease management to arrest progression, minimize psychological burden and evolution of metabolic syndrome. Clinical practice recommendations are necessary to assist practitioners in appropriate decision making based on available evidence. Owing to the lack of Indian recommendations on childhood psoriasis, the SIG Pediatric Dermatology under IADVL Academy undertook an evidence-based approach based on published literature on the topic, between January 2000 and July 2020 to frame the recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumesh Kumar Katakam
- Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Malathi Munisamy
- Dermatology and STD, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Maitreyee Panda
- Dermatology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sandeep Gupta
- Consultant Dermatologist, Balaji Skin Clinic, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranugha Pss
- Dermatology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - K A Seetharam
- Dermatology, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, India
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Satheesh Kumar S, Narayana Rao T. The impact of improved air-quality due to COVID-19 lockdown on surface meteorological parameters and planetary boundary layer over Gadanki, a tropical rural site in India. Atmos Res 2021; 261:105738. [PMID: 36540718 PMCID: PMC9756893 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The nation-wide lockdowns imposed in India during March--May 2020 (in four phases) to curb the spread of the novel Corona virus, greatly enhanced the near-surface air-quality due to lowering of industrial, transport and human activities. The present study focuses on the changes in the vertical structure of aerosol concentration and how those changes impacted radiation balance, the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and surface meteorological parameters. Instrumented tower and Ceilometer measurements made at Gadanki (13.45°N, 79.18°E), located in a rural environment, coupled with satellite-derived Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data have been used to understand the changes in lockdown period. Significant reduction in backscatter density during the lockdown compared to 2019 indicates that aerosol reduction during the lockdown is not only limited to the surface, rather observed in the entire PBL. Except for the fourth phase of lockdown during which several relaxations have been given for vehicular movement and other anthropogenic activities, the reduction in backscatter density is seen in all phases of lockdown. However, the reduction is prominently seen in the second and third phases. The AOD also reduced by 40% around Gadanki, comparable to that of in urban regions. Due to the reduction in aerosols during the lockdown period, the insolation increases by 60 Wm-2, which is expected to increase the temperature. However, the increased loss of long-wave radiation (due to reduction in trapping gases) and more rain events during the lockdown period decreased the temperature by ~1 °C. Measurements also suggest that the most of net radiation is partitioned into the latent heat flux increasing the humidity and lowering the PBL height (due to reduced strength of thermals and sensible heat flux).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Satheesh Kumar
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki 517112, India
| | - T Narayana Rao
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki 517112, India
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Pooja T, Gopal KVT, Rao TN, Devi BG, Kumar SA. A Randomized Study to Evaluate the Efficacy Fractional CO 2Laser, Microneedling and Platelet Rich Plasma in Post-Acne Scarring. Indian Dermatol Online J 2020; 11:349-354. [PMID: 32695692 PMCID: PMC7367586 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_370_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acne scarring commonly seen in young adults causes marked psychological distress. Commonly used procedural treatments for post-acne scarring have limited efficacy. This prospective, randomized study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects offractional CO2 laser, microneedling, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in post-acne scarring. Materials and Methods: Sixty clinically diagnosed cases of post-acne scarring of both sexes were enrolled and divided into three groups of 20 patients each. The severity of scarring was graded as per the qualitative and quantitative grading system proposed by Goodman and Baron. Group A, B, and C patients were treated with fractional CO2 laser, microneedling, and PRP,respectively, at monthly intervals for foursessions. Improve men tin quantitative and qualitative grades of scars and adverse effects were noted at each session and 1 month after the final sitting. Statistical analysis was done using Student 't' test for quantitative values and Chi square test for qualitative values. Results: At the end of foursessions, based on mean percentage of improvement in quantitative grade, the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser is significantly greater than that of PRP (P = 0.00), while CO2 laser and microneedling did not show significant difference (P = 0.106). Based on qualitative scores, fractional CO2 laser group showed statistically higher therapeutic efficacy compared to microneedling and PRP (P = 0.00).No significant adverse effects were encountered in any groups. Conclusion: Fractional CO2 laser resurfacing is more efficacious than microneedling and PRP. Unsatisfactory results were obtained with PRP as monotherapy in post-acne scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pooja
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K V T Gopal
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Narayana Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Gayatri Devi
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Ashwin Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Narayana Rao T, Divya R, Vijaya Gowri TS. An Empirical Study on Online Purchase Behavior and Consumer's Perception of Online Shopping. International Journal of Management Studies 2020. [DOI: 10.18843/ijms/v7i1/13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
Pachyonychia congenita is a rare type of ectodermal dysplasia further classified into 4 types. Cutaneous manifestations seen in most of the cases of Pachyonychia congenita include palmoplantar keratoderma, follicular hyperkeratosis, wedge shaped nails, oral leukokeratosis and woolly hair. A 25-year-old male presented to us with thickened nails and scanty scalp hair. On examination, we noticed hyperkeratotic plaques over both the soles, palmoplantar hyperhidrosis and yellowish discoloration, wedging with subungual hyperkeratosis of all the nails. Follicular hyperkeratotic papules and steatocystoma multiplex were also observed over the scalp and face. The patient had history of natal teeth and on dental examination, lower central incisors were absent. All cutaneous changes in our case had manifested first in the 2nd decade except for natal teeth. All the above features suggested the diagnosis of pachyonychia congenita with late onset (PC tarda), which is an infrequently reported rare variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sravanthi
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P Srivalli
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K V T Gopal
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Narayana Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Charan Kumar K, Rajendra Prasad T, Narayana Rao T, Venkataratnam M, Nagaraja K. Variation of radon progeny concentration over a continental location. INT J RADIAT RES 2016. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.14.2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dogra S, D.S. K, Budamakuntla L, Srinivas C, Khopkar U, Gupta S, Shetty N, Pratap DVS, Gopal M, Rao TN, Garg V, Sumathy T, Saraswat A, Bhat R, Kura M, Pandey N, Shah R, Sai Krishna K, Padmaja D, Manmohan G, M.S. R, Barve A, Montero E. Long-term efficacy and safety of itolizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis: A double-blind, randomized-withdrawal, placebo-controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015; 73:331-3.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Krupashankar D, Dogra S, Kura M, Saraswat A, Budamakuntla L, Sumathy T, Shah R, Gopal M, Narayana Rao T, Srinivas C, Bhat R, Shetty N, Manmohan G, Sai Krishna K, Padmaja D, Pratap DVS, Garg V, Gupta S, Pandey N, Khopkar U, Montero E, Ramakrishnan M, Nair P, Ganapathi PC. Efficacy and safety of itolizumab, a novel anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody, in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis: Results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase-III study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71:484-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.01.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Anandan S, Rao TN, Gopalan R, Ikuma Y. Fabrication of visible-light-driven N-doped ordered mesoporous TiO2 photocatalysts and their photocatalytic applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:3181-3186. [PMID: 24734752 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a facile method for the synthesis of N-doped crystalline mesoporous titanium dioxide (NMT) with ordered structure. Structural characterization and HR-TEM studies revealed that NMT exhibits pure anatase phase with highly crystalline ordered mesoporous structure in NMT. The N2 isotherms are of type IV with an H1 hysteresis loop and a pronounced capillary condensation step at high relative pressure for NMT, suggesting the presence of well-ordered mesoporous structure. The reflectance spectrum of NMT shows stronger absorption in the visible region above 400 nm, owing to the substitution of the lattice oxygen by nitrogen. XPS results proved the doping of nitrogen in to oxygen in TiO2 lattice, which confirmed by the presence of peak at 401 eV for N1s. The efficiency of photocatalyst was evaluated by the degradation of Rhodamine-B and antibacterial activity against E. coli under visible-light irradiation. N-doped mesoporous TiO2 shows superior photocatalytic and anti-bacterial activity compared to pure TiO2 under visible-light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of NMT is attributed to synergistic effect of NMT that is N-doping and well ordered crystalline mesoporous structure with high surface area of NMT. These findings suggest that N-doped mesoporous TiO2 has potential application in many areas such as degradation of hazardous pollutants, anti-bacterial agents, fuel cells, battery electrode, sensors, opto electronic devices, photo active self-cleaning surfaces.
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Rao TN, Guruprasad P, Sowjanya CL, Nagasridevi I. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: successful treatment with minocycline. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011; 76:725. [PMID: 21079338 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.72480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shindholimath VV, Thinakaran K, Rao TN, Veerappa YV. Laparoscopic management of appendicular mass. J Minim Access Surg 2011; 7:136-40. [PMID: 21523236 PMCID: PMC3078476 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9941.78345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic appendectomy is becoming the preferred technique for treating acute appendicitis. However, its role in the treatment of complicated appendicitis is controversial. This study was undertaken to assess the feasibility of laparoscopic appendectomy for appendicular mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review was performed of all the patients who were treated laparoscopically for appendicular mass from March 2007 to October 2009. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. RESULTS A total of 120 patients were treated for appendicitis. A retrospective review of the patients' records demonstrated that 19 patients (15.8%) had appendicular mass at the time of admission. The average operative time was 95 minutes (range 45-140 minutes). Pathological evidence of appendicitis was present in all the patients. The average length of hospital stay was six days (rang 6-9 days). Three patients (15.7%) had post- operative complications. Two patients developed wound infections and one patient was re-admitted with pain and a lump below the umbilical port. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that laparoscopic appendectomy is feasible in patients with appendicular mass. The authors propose a prospective, randomized trial to verify this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanath V Shindholimath
- Department of Surgery, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, 517 425, District Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Thinakaran
- Department of Surgery, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, 517 425, District Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Narayana Rao
- Department of Surgery, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, 517 425, District Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Yenni Veerabhadrappa Veerappa
- Department of Pathology, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, 517 425, District Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Radhakrishna B, Narayana Rao T. Differences in cyclonic raindrop size distribution from southwest to northeast monsoon season and from that of noncyclonic rain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rao TN, Venkatachalam K, Ahmed K, Padmaja IJ, Bharthi M, Rao PA. A mini-outbreak of cutaneous anthrax in Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2010; 75:416-8. [PMID: 19584478 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.53158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) was first described in 1874 by Hebra and Kaposi. [1] It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by photosensitivity, pigmentary changes, premature skin aging, and malignant tumor development due to cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation resulting from a defect in DNA repair. The basic defect in XP is in nucleotide excision repair (NER), leading to deficient repair of damaged DNA. A 12-year-old boy presented with a large growth over the right side of the forehead. The lesion was first noticed before two years as a 2 x 2 cm 2 mass. It was slowly growing and attained the present size of 10 x 8 x 7 cm 3 . The surface showed ulceration with areas of hemorrhage and blackish pigmentation. Also, the patient had hyperpigmented macules over the skin since early childhood. The macules appeared initially over the face and later developed over the other areas of the body. The macules were more over the sun exposed areas. He also had photophobia and both eyes showed corneal opacities. Histopathological examination of the excised growth showed features consistent with melanoma. This case is being presented because of its rare association with xeroderma pigmentosum patients in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Narayana Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Hembram K, Vijay R, Rao YS, Rao TN. Doped nanocrystalline ZnO powders for non-linear resistor applications by spray pyrolysis method. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2009; 9:4376-4382. [PMID: 19916460 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2009.m63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous and doped nanocrystalline ZnO powders (30-200 nm) were synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique. The spray pyrolysed powders were calcined in the temperature range of 500-750 degrees C. Formation of insulating pyrochlore phase started from 700 degrees C during the calcination itself. The calcined powders were compacted and sintered at different temperatures ranging from 900-1200 degrees C for 0.5-4 h. The densification behavior was found to be dependent on calcination temperature of the nanopowder. The resulting discs were found to have density (5.34-5.62 g/cc) in the range of 96-99% of theoretical density. The breakdown voltage value obtained for the nanopowder based non-linear resistor is 10.3 kV/cm with low leakage current density of 0.7 microA/cm2 and coefficient of nonlinearity as high as 193. The activation energy for grain growth of the doped ZnO nanopowder powders is 449.4 +/- 15 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyan Hembram
- International Advanced Research Center for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur PO, Hyderabad 500005, India
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Radhakrishna B, Rao TN, Rao DN, Rao NP, Nakamura K, Sharma AK. Spatial and seasonal variability of raindrop size distributions in southeast India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rao TN, Kirkwood S, Arvelius J, von der Gathen P, Kivi R. Climatology of UTLS ozone and the ratio of ozone and potential vorticity over northern Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Kirkwood
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna Sweden
| | - J. Arvelius
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna Sweden
| | - P. von der Gathen
- Alfred Wegener InstituteFoundation for Polar and Marine Research Potsdam Germany
| | - R. Kivi
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteArctic Research Centre Sodankyla Finland
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Ivandini TA, Sarada BV, Terashima C, Rao TN, Tryk DA, Ishiguro H, Kubota Y, Fujishima A. Gradient liquid chromatography of leucine-enkephalin peptide and its metabolites with electrochemical detection using highly boron-doped diamond electrode. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 791:63-72. [PMID: 12798166 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doped diamond thin film (BDD) electrodes have been used to study the oxidation reactions and to detect leucine-enkephalinamide (LEA) and its metabolites, tyrosine (T), tyrosyl-alanine (TA), tyrosyl-alanine-glycine (TAG) and leucine-enkephalin (LE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), flow-injection analysis (FIA), and gradient liquid chromatography (LC) with amperometric detection. At diamond electrodes, well-defined and highly reproducible cyclic voltammograms were obtained with signal-to-background (S/B) ratios 5-10 times higher than those observed for glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. The analytical peaks of LC for LEA and its metabolites were well resolved. No deactivation of BDD electrodes was found after several experiments with standard as well as plasma samples, indicating high stability of the electrode. Calibration curves were linear over a wide range from 0.06 to 30 microM with regression coefficients of 0.999 for all compounds. The limits of detection obtained based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1 were 3, 2.2, 2.7, 20 and 11 nM for T, TA, TAG, LE and LEA, respectively. These values were at least one order lower than those obtained at GC electrodes, which has given limits of detection of 22.88, 20.64, 89.57, 116.04 and 75.67 for T, TA, TAG, LE and LEA, respectively. Application of this method to real samples was demonstrated and validated using rabbit serum samples. This work shows the promising use of conducting diamond as an amperometric detector in gradient LC, especially for the analysis of enkephalinamide and its metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Ivandini
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Abstract
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes have been examined for the electrochemical oxidation of underivatized-nucleic acids in terms of single stranded and double stranded DNA. Cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry have been used to study the oxidation reactions and to detect DNA without derivatization or hydrolysis steps. At the diamond electrode, at least two well-defined voltammetric peaks were observed for both single stranded and double stranded DNA. Diamond electrode is the first material to show a well-defined voltammetric peaks for adenine group oxidation directly in the helix structure of nucleic acid due to its wide potential window. For single stranded DNA, a third peak, related to the pyrimidine group oxidation was also observed. As-deposited diamond film with predominantly hydrogen-terminated surface exhibited superior performance over oxygen-terminated diamond in terms of sensitivity. However, by optimizing the ionic strength, sensitivity of O-terminated films could be improved. Linear calibration results have shown linearity of current with concentration in the range 0.1-8 microg mL(-1) for both guanine and adenine residues at as-deposited BDD. Detection limits (S/N = 3) of 3.7 and 10 ng mL(-1) for adenine and guanine residue in single stranded DNA, respectively, and 5.2 and 10 ng mL(-1) for adenine and guanine residue in double stranded DNA, respectively, were observed. This work shows the promising use of diamond as an electrochemical detector for direct detection of nucleic acids. The results also show the possibility of using the oxidation peak current of adenine group that is more sensitive for the direct detection of nucleicacids.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Ivandini
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Abstract
Highly boron-doped diamond microfiber electrodes (BDDMF) were fabricated and characterized by the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Amperometric detection of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter was achieved at pH 7.0, using BDDMF electrodes. The interferences from ascorbic acid (AA) and DOPAC were efficiently eliminated by using overoxidized polypyrrole-modified BDDMF electrodes, which also increased the sensitivity for the detection of dopamine. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) for dopamine was 0.1 nM, which is one order lower than that observed for carbon microfiber electrodes (CMFE), and the linear dynamic range was obtained from 0.5 nM to 100 microM (r2 = 0.997). The amperometric response for 0.5 nM dopamine has shown high stability with an RSD of 5.4% (n = 5). Highly reproducible results were obtained with an RSD of 6.2% for 10 measurements of 1 nM DA taken during 10 h and also remained the same, during measurements for 7 days, with no variation in efficiency for rejection of AA and DOPAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Olivia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku. Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Rao TN, Gadir EA, Elvarsi JK, Sabri F. Liver laceration due to blunt abdominal trauma and its management in a peripheral hospital. Saudi Med J 2000; 21:984. [PMID: 11369971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
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27
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Abstract
Flower color is a useful morphological marker in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Inheritance of this trait was studied using two white-flowered chickpea genotypes, P 9623 and RS 11, and one blue-flowered genotype, T 39-1. The genetic constitutions of the white flower colors of P 9623 and RS 11 were different, for in an earlier study their F1 produced pink flowers. The two F1s of the crosses P 9623 x T 39-1 and RS 11 x T 39-1 also produced pink flowers. Each of the two F2 populations segregated in 9 pink:3 blue:4 white-flowered plants. These results can be explained by a three-gene model. These three independently segregating genes are probably the same as C, B, and P reported in the literature earlier. Allelic tests could not be undertaken, as the genetic stocks used in the earlier studies are not available. The genetic constitutions of the three parents and their F1s are proposed. These accessions should be useful for conducting allelic tests for determining flower color loci in chickpea and for comparative studies with field pea. The seeds of these genetic stocks are maintained at the Genetic Resources and Enhancement Program at ICRISAT and are available for research purposes on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kumar
- International Crops Research Institute for SemiArid Tropics, Patancheru, India.
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Abstract
The electrochemistry of histamine and serotonin in neutral aqueous media (pH 7.2) was investigated using polycrystalline, boron-doped diamond thin-film electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry, hydrodynamic voltammetry, and flow injection analysis (FIA) with amperometric detection were used to study the oxidation reactions. Comparison experiments were carried out using polished glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. At diamond electrodes, highly reproducible and well-defined cyclic voltammograms were obtained for histamine with a peak potential at 1.40 V vs SCE. The voltammetric signal-to-background ratios obtained at diamond were 1 order of magnitude higher than those obtained for GC electrodes at and above 100 microM analyte concentrations. A linear dynamic range of 3-4 orders of magnitude and a detection limit of 1 microM were observed in the voltammetric measurements. Well-defined sweep rate-dependent voltammograms were also obtained for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The characteristics of the voltammogram indicated lack of adsorption of its oxidation products on the surface. No fouling or deactivation of the electrode was observed within the experimental time of several hours. A detection limit of 0.5 microM (signal-to-noise ratio 13.8) for histamine was obtained by use of the FIA technique with a diamond electrode. A remarkably low detection limit (10 nM) was obtained for 5-HT on diamond by the same method. Diamond electrodes exhibited a linear dynamic range from 10 nM to 100 microM for 5-HT determination and a range of 0.5-100 microM for histamine determination. The FIA response was very reproducible from film to film, and the response variability was below 7% at the actual detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Sarada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Kunimoto DY, Das T, Sharma S, Jalali S, Majji AB, Gopinathan U, Athmanathan S, Rao TN. Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates: part I. Postoperative endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis Research Group. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128:240-2. [PMID: 10458187 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(99)00112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the microbial spectrum and susceptibilities of isolates in postoperative endophthalmitis. METHOD Isolates from 206 eyes of 206 patients who underwent vitrectomy for postoperative endophthalmitis were examined. RESULTS One-hundred twelve (54.4%) of 206 vitreous samples were culture positive and 14 (12.5%) of 112 culture-positive cases were polymicrobial, yielding a total of 126 isolates. Isolates included 59 (46.8%) gram-positive cocci, eight (6.3%) gram-positive bacilli, 33 (26.2%) gram-negative organisms, five (4.0%) Actino-mycetes-related organisms, and 21 (16.7%) fungi. Susceptibilities to amikacin, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin are reported. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest, single-center, prospective series on microbial susceptibilities in postoperative endophthalmitis. We report a high prevalence of gram-negative species and fungi, suggesting that empiric therapy should include coverage for gram-negative pathogens and for fungal pathogens in appropriate settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Kunimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Kunimoto DY, Das T, Sharma S, Jalali S, Majji AB, Gopinathan U, Athmanathan S, Rao TN. Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates: part II. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis Research Group. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128:242-4. [PMID: 10458188 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(99)00113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the microbial spectrum and susceptibilities of isolates in posttraumatic endophthalmitis. METHOD Isolates from 182 eyes of 182 patients who underwent vitrectomy for posttraumatic endophthalmitis were examined. RESULTS One hundred thirteen (62.1%) of 182 vitreous samples were culture-positive, and 23 (20.4%) of 113 culture-positive cases were polymicrobial, including three (2.7%) trimicrobial cases, yielding a total of 139 isolates. Isolates included 63 (45.3%) gram-positive cocci, 24 (17.3%) gram-positive bacilli, 25 (18.0%) gram-negative organisms, seven (5.0%) Actinomycetes-related organisms, and 20 (14.4%) fungi. Susceptibilities to amikacin, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin are reported. CONCLUSIONS This study represents a large series on microbial spectrum and susceptibilities in posttraumatic endophthalmitis. We report a high prevalence of gram-positive bacilli species and polymicrobial infections containing gram-negative species, underscoring the importance of broad-spectrum, combination antibiotics in the empiric treatment of posttraumatic endophthalmitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Kunimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Rao TN, Purohit AK, Murthy TV, Dinakar I. CSF orbitorrhoea with tension pneumocephalus. Neurol India 1999; 47:65-7. [PMID: 10339713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A seventy eight year old man sustained penetrating injury to right orbit about 15 years ago. Later he developed right orbital infection leading to phthisis bulbi. Two months before admission he developed CSF leak from the right orbit, tension pneumocephalous and meningitis. A rare case of CSF orbitorrhoea is reported here along with the discussion on mechanisms and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences Panjagutta, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500482, India
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Kasina S, Sanderson JA, Fitzner JN, Srinivasan A, Rao TN, Hobson LJ, Reno JM, Axworthy DB, Beaumier PL, Fritzberg AR. Simplified preformed chelate protein radiolabeling with technetium-99m mercaptoacetamidoadipoylglycylglycine (N3S-adipate). Bioconjug Chem 1998; 9:108-17. [PMID: 9460553 DOI: 10.1021/bc970047i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simplified kiet has been developed for 99mTc protein radiolabeling using an N3S triamide mercaptide bifunctional chelating agent and the preformed chelate approach. The process combined N3S chelating agent, gluconate intermediate transfer agent, stannous reducing agent, and gentisic acid stabilizer into a lyophilized formulation. With sulfur donor atom hemithioacetal protection of the ligand, delta-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorothiophenyl alpha-S-(1-ethoxyethyl)mercaptoacetamido-L-adipoylglycylglycine , optimum 99mTc chelation was achieved in a single step. Subsequent reaction with NR-LU-10 antibody Fab fragment followed by purification via QAE Sephadex anion exchange resin filter afforded 99mTc-N3S-NR-LU-10 Fab conjugate with retained immunoreactivity and effective tumor targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kasina
- NeoRx Corporation, Seattle, Washington 98119, USA.
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Sinha AK, Rao TN, Dinakar I. Long segment cervico-dorsal intradural lipoma. Neurol India 1997; 45:114. [PMID: 29512589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Sinha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad - 500 082, India
| | - T N Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad - 500 082, India
| | - I Dinakar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad - 500 082, India
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Fan JL, Patibandla SA, Kimura S, Rao TN, Desai RK, Seetharamaiah GS, Kurosky A, Prabhakar BS. Purification and characterization of a recombinant human thyroid peroxidase expressed in insect cells. J Autoimmun 1996; 9:529-36. [PMID: 8864829 DOI: 10.1006/jaut.1996.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an essential enzyme for thyroid hormone biosynthesis and is an autoantigen against which antibodies are found in a number of autoimmune thyroid disorders. Large quantities of pure TPO are essential for understanding its structure and role in normal thyroid function and thyroid diseases. In this study, we describe the production of human TPO (hTPO) using a baculovirus expression vector in insect cells. TPO was sequentially extracted from insect cells using various buffers and the protein was purified to homogeneity on a C4 reversed-phase semipreparative column using high-performance liquid chromatography. The purified protein was identified as hTPO by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, and amino acid sequence analyses. Carbohydrate analysis of the recombinant hTPO showed that the protein is glycosylated and mannose is the major oligosaccharide. We have extended the carbohydrate analysis by establishing the occurrence of N-acetyl galactosamine which suggested that the recombinant hTPO might contain O-glycosyl moieties. Purified hTPO reacted specifically with sera from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Crude as well as purified hTPO did not show any enzymatic activity when produced in Sf9 insect cells grown in serum free medium. In contrast, hTPO produced in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum containing 1 microgram/ml of haematin was enzymatically active. However, the enzymatic activity of the recombinant hTPO was lower than that often found with hTPO purified from thyroid tissue. Availability of purified hTPO in relatively large quantities should allow further structural and immunological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Fan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA
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35
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Kasina S, Rao TN, Srinivasan A, Sanderson JA, Fitzner JN, Reno JM, Beaumier PL, Fritzberg AR. Development and biologic evaluation of a kit for preformed chelate technetium-99m radiolabeling of an antibody Fab fragment using a diamide dimercaptide chelating agent. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1445-51. [PMID: 2066805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A kit has been developed for 99mTc antibody radiolabeling via defined chemistry using an N2S2 diamide dimercaptide bifunctional chelating agent and the performed chelate method. The process involved efficient transchelation of 99mTc from gluconate to 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl 4,5-bis-S-(1-ethoxyethyl) mercaptoacetamidopentanoate as an active ester ligand and subsequent conjugation to antibody lysine amine functional groups. The use of the ethoxyethyl group for sulfur protection allowed optimum yields of 99mTc N2S2 chelate formation with complete retention of the active ester. Subsequent addition of antibody Fab fragment gave 99mTc chelate conjugates indistinguishable from the stepwise in situ esterification and purification of the 99mTc N2S2 complex followed by conjugation as previously shown to give stable 99mTc antibody fragments with retained immunoreactivity and tumor-targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kasina
- NeoRx Corporation, Seattle, Washington 98119
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36
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Fox CL, Rao TN, Azmeth R, Gandhi SS, Modak S. Comparative evaluation of zinc sulfadiazine and silver sulfadiazine in burn wound infection. J Burn Care Rehabil 1990; 11:112-7. [PMID: 2335547 DOI: 10.1097/00004630-199003000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
One percent silver sulfadiazine has been commonly used as a topical antimicrobial agent after a burn injury. Incidence of burn wound colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in patients treated with silver sulfadiazine has spurred research for other agents. A topical preparation that contains zinc and sulfadiazine (Zad-G) was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial spectrum and in vivo efficacy. Muscle biopsy specimens of rats treated with Zad-G appear to have fewer colonies of S. aureus than groups treated with silver sulfadiazine. Topical therapy with Zad-G for patients with burns was comfortable, reduced wound infection, and was comparable to therapy with silver sulfadiazine. A topical Zad-G preparation that contains zinc sulfadiazine appears to be an effective alternative to silver sulfadiazine in the treatment of burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Fox
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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Mishra BP, Rao TN, Naik PC. Granular cell myoblastoma of vastus lateralis muscle. J Indian Med Assoc 1989; 87:287. [PMID: 2561655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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38
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Rao TN. Misleading statistics. Minn Med 1989; 72:449. [PMID: 2770650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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39
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Fritzberg AR, Abrams PG, Beaumier PL, Kasina S, Morgan AC, Rao TN, Reno JM, Sanderson JA, Srinivasan A, Wilbur DS. Specific and stable labeling of antibodies with technetium-99m with a diamide dithiolate chelating agent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1988; 85:4025-9. [PMID: 3375252 PMCID: PMC280353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.11.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Technetium-99m labeling of antibodies has been suboptimal because of low affinity adventitious binding, nonspecific labeling, and loss of immunoreactivity. The diamide dithiolate ligand system (N2S2) forms highly stable, well-defined tetradentate complexes with Tc(V). Antibodies and their fragments have been labeled by conjugation of preformed 99mTc-4,5-bis(thioacetamido)pentanoate active ester to protein amine groups to give a chemically known 99mTc-N2S2 complex covalently linked to antibody. Evaluations of the 99mTc-N2S2-bound antibodies and their fragments have shown high stability and retained immunoreactivity.
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Palakodety R, Rao TN, Subrahmanyam D. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase from Culex pipiens fatigans. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1986; 23:152-5. [PMID: 3025079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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41
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Abstract
Hydroxamic acid chelates of the type ML2, ML2', and ML2" where M = Cu(II), Ni(II) or Co(II) and L = N,2'-diphenylacetohydroxamic acid (N,2'-DPAHA), L' = 2,2'-diphenylacetohydroxamic acid (2,2'-DPAHA), and L" = 2-phenylacetohydroxamic acid (2-PAHA) have been isolated and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and infrared and magnetic data. These metal chelates were screened for their fungicidal activity. The testing against fungi has been carried out by slide germination technique against Alternaria alternata and by inhibition zone technique against Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus. The fungicidal activity of chelates and their parent ligand has been compared with the commercial fungicide, Dithane M-45, screened under similar conditions.
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Abstract
The effect of acute (600 mg/kg body wt) and chronic (15 mg/kg body wt/day for 45 days) DDT treatments of albino rats on the lipolytic activity of the adipose tissue was studied. There was no effect on the rate of glycerol release on incubation of isolated epididymal fat pads of the treated animals when compared to that of controls. Similarly, in vitro addition of DDT (10(-4) M) to the fat pads did not alter their lipolytic response. Noradrenaline stimulated lipolysis, in fat pads, was also unaffected by in vitro addition of DDT. Basal as well as noradrenaline or caffeine stimulated lipolysis in isolated fat cells also remained unchanged in the presence of DDT over a range of concentrations from 10(-8) M to 10(-4) M.
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Abstract
The effect of acute (600 mg/kg body wt) and chronic (15 mg/kg body wt/day for 45 days) 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) treatments of albino rats on the lipolytic activity of the adipose tissue was studied. There was no effect on the rate of glycerol release on incubation of isolated epididymal fat pads of the treated animals when compared to that of controls. Similarly, in vitro addition of DDT (10-4M) (35.4 ppm) to the fat pads did not alter their lipolytic response. Noradrenaline (NA) stimulated lipolysis, in fat pads, was also unaffected by in vitro addition of DDT. Basal as well as NA or caffeine stimulated lipolysis in isolated fat cells also remained unchanged in the presence of DDT over a range of concentrations from 10-8 M to 10-4 M.
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Abstract
A single oral dose of 1,1,1-trichloro-2-2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) (600 mg/kg body weight) was given to rats and the levels of various lipids in adipose tissue, liver and plasma were studied. No alteration was observed in the levels of various lipid classes in these tissues except for a decrease in the phospholipid and triglyceride fractions in liver. Lipoprotein lipase activity of post-heparin plasma (protamine-sensitive and -resistant) was significantly decreased, whereas in liver and adipose tissue, the activity of this enzyme remained unchanged.
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Dudeja PK, Sanyal SN, Agarwal N, Rao TN, Subrahmanyam D, Khuller GK. Acute exposure of rhesus monkeys to DDT: effect on carbohydrate metabolism. Chem Biol Interact 1980; 31:203-8. [PMID: 6771027 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(80)90006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The administration of a single oral dose of DDT (150 mg/kg body wt.) to rhesus monkey elevated the hepatic glycogen and glycogen synthase activity but depressed the glycogen phosphorylase activity. A decrease in adenylate cyclase, both basal as well as fluoride and norepinephrine stimulated activity, was observed in liver of DDT-treated animals as compared to controls. Gluconeogenic enzymes did not record any significant change in the liver.
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46
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Joseph R, Shanthamma MS, Rao TN. Amino acid excretion by prototrophic colony and colour variants in Micrococcus glutamicus. Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg 1974; 129:407-9. [PMID: 4480484 DOI: 10.1016/s0044-4057(74)80001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Nand K, Joseph R, Rao TN. Use of griseofulvin for the isolation of auxotrophic mutants of Rhodotorula sp. Experientia 1973; 29:237-9. [PMID: 4735007 DOI: 10.1007/bf01945499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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48
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Shanthamma MS, Joseph R, Rao TN. Quantitative assessment of the mutagenic effect of ethyl methanesulfonate in Micrococcus glutamicus. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1972; 17:81-7. [PMID: 4552837 DOI: 10.1007/bf02877904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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