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Yonai R, Kawabata M, Maeda S, Kawashima T, Tsuda Y, Nakasone T, Nakane H, Hirao K. Torsade de pointes induced by intravenous amiodarone therapy accompanied by marked augmentation of the transmural dispersion of repolarization in a patient with tachycardia-induced-cardiomyopathy. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2020; 26:e12810. [PMID: 33070441 PMCID: PMC8164138 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a 77-year-old human on renal dialysis for end-stage renal disease with heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) complicated by a high ventricular frequency. The underlying disease was thought as tachycardia-induced-cardiomyopathy. Intravenous infusion of amiodarone was initiated, and direct current cardioversion succeeded in converting AF to sinus rhythm. Then, excessive increases in the QT and Tpeak-Tend (Tp-e) intervals were seen and hypokalemia induced by hemodialysis led to the development of numerous episodes of torsades de pointes (TdP). Magnesium repletion was effective in preventing TdP, while Tp-e intervals returned to the previous values 2 days after the discontinuation of amiodarone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yonai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mihoko Kawabata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawashima
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Tsuda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakasone
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakane
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenzo Hirao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, AOI Universal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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Fujita M, Ohira H, Keida T, Kikuchi T, Nakasone T, Iidaka K, Nakata M, Shiraishi T. Prognostic Factors of Heart Failure Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. J Card Fail 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2017.08.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kikuchi T, Shiraishi T, Nakata M, Iidaka K, Nakasone T, Fujita M, Keida T, Ohira H. P5566Risk factors for microvascular obstruction assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in patient with ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Liang F, Nakasone T, Arasaki A, Matayoshi A, Takemoto H, Sunakawa H. Survival analysis of 148 patients with stage I and II oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.03.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Nakasone T, Sunakawa H, Makishi S, Matayoshi A, Takemoto H. Clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical studies in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Kaizu M, Sato H, Ami Y, Izumi Y, Nakasone T, Tomita Y, Someya K, Takebe Y, Kitamura K, Tochikubo O, Honda M. Infection of macaques with an R5-tropic SHIV bearing a chimeric envelope carrying subtype E V3 loop among subtype B framework. Arch Virol 2003; 148:973-88. [PMID: 12721803 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-002-0955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To establish simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) clones bearing a chimeric envelope carrying subtype E V3 loop among subtype B envelope, four subtype E V3 sequences were substituted into SHIV(MD14), a SHIV clone bearing an envelope derived from a CXCR4 (X4)/CCR5 (R5)-dual tropic subtype B HIV-1 strain. SHIV-TH09V3, an only V3-chimera clone capable of replicating in human and macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), was propagated in pig-tailed macaque PBMCs and in cynomolgus macaque splenic mononuclear cells. The propagated virus stocks were intravenously inoculated into respective macaque species. SHIV-TH09V3 infected both macaque species as shown by plasma RNA viremia, isolated viruses from PBMCs and plasma, and antibody production against viral proteins. To assess how the substituted V3 sequence affected coreceptor usage, SHIV-TH09V3 stocks propagated in vitro and after isolation from macaques were verified for their corecepor usage by GHOST cells assay. SHIV-TH09V3 maintained R5-tropic phenotype both in vitro and after isolation from macaques, in contrast to the X4/R5-dual tropic SHIV(MD14). This indicates the substituted V3 sequence among the backbone of SHIV(MD14) governs coreceptor usage. Future study of infecting macaques with SHIV-TH09V3 and SHIV(MD14) will focus on differences of the outcome caused by the different V3 sequences in connection with coreceptor usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaizu
- Vaccine Research and Development Group, AIDS Research Center, NIID, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the circulating blood are often elevated in patients with allergic diseases, such levels cannot always be considered as pathognomonic signs of allergy. The induction of allergic reactions in the tissue was inferred to be related to the amount of IgE passing through the vascular wall. AIMS We attempted to clarify which compartment, the intravascular or extravascular, plays an important role in the regulation of the turnover of rat IgE. METHODS The level of DNP-specific rat IgE in the serum was estimated by IgE-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the turnover of IgE was analyzed from its pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS The transfer rate constants from the central to tissue compartment (Kct) were larger than those from the tissue to central compartment (Ktc) irrespective of the sensitized state. The value of the distribution volume of the tissue compartment (Vt) was larger than that of the distribution volume of the central compartment (Vc) irrespective of the sensitized state. CONCLUSIONS These Findings suggest that the short half-life of rat IgE in the circulation could be attributable to the distribution of IgE from the intravascular to the extravascular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hanashiro
- 1st Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
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Mori K, Yasutomi Y, Ohgimoto S, Nakasone T, Takamura S, Shioda T, Nagai Y. Quintuple deglycosylation mutant of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 in rhesus macaques: robust primary replication, tightly contained chronic infection, and elicitation of potent immunity against the parental wild-type strain. J Virol 2001; 75:4023-8. [PMID: 11287551 PMCID: PMC114147 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.9.4023-4028.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2000] [Accepted: 01/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously generated a mutant of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) lacking 5 of a total of 22 N-glycans in its external envelope protein gp120 with no impairment in viral replication capability and infectivity in tissue culture cells. Here, we infected rhesus macaques with this mutant and found that it also replicated robustly in the acute phase but was tightly, though not completely, contained in the chronic phase. Thus, a critical requirement for the N-glycans for the full extent of chronic infection was demonstrated. No evidence indicating reversion to a wild type was obtained during the observation period of more than 40 weeks. Monkeys infected with the mutant were found to tolerate a challenge infection with wild-type SIV very well. Analyses of host responses following challenge revealed no neutralizing antibodies against the challenge virus but strong secondary responses of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against multiple antigens, including Gag-Pol, Nef, and Env. Thus, the quintuple deglycosylation mutant appeared to represent a novel class of SIV live attenuated vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mori
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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Hara T, Yoshino N, Takayama N, Minamitani M, Naganawa S, Ohkubo H, Takizawa M, Izumi Y, Kantake M, Suzuki S, Takano M, Kita T, Totani R, Nagai Y, Honda M, Nakasone T. Presence of multiple HIV type 1 subtypes among mothers and children in Japan. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:569-75. [PMID: 11350671 DOI: 10.1089/08892220151126706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We collected blood samples from 70 HIV-1-infected pregnant women and 76 babies born to HIV-1-infected women in Japan, from 1989 to 1999. To analyze the genetic diversity of HIV-1 among mothers and children, we sequenced the C2-V3 regions of HIV-1 gp120. Phylogenetic tree analysis of these regions revealed that multiple HIV-1 subtypes, A, B, D, E, and G, were circulating among mothers and children in Japan. Thus, the genetic heterogeneity of HIV-1 among mothers and children in Japan is steadily increasing, although the number of cases remains small. Perhaps the longest term survivor, an 11-year-old child with a vertical HIV-1 subtype G infection in Japan, is one of our subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hara
- Vaccine Research and Development Group, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan
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10
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Nakasone T, Takamatsu J, Watanabe K, Naganawa S, Somey K, Yoshino N, Kaizu M, Ohsu T, Takizawa M, Izumi Y, Kawahara M, Hara T, Fujimura Y, Yamada K, Nagai Y, Yamazaki S, Honda M. Decline in the HIV-1 isolation rate in Japan: a 12-year observation. Microbiol Immunol 2001; 44:949-52. [PMID: 11145277 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2000.tb02588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Since 1988, we have isolated HIV-1 from 614 HIV-1-infected persons (total sample=2,785) in Japan. During the past 12 years, we have found a decline in the HIV-1 isolation rate in Japan, with two identifiable turning points, 1991-1992 and 1996-1997. The two turning points correspond to shifts in anti-HIV-1 therapy. These findings suggest that HIV-1 in Japan is currently biologically well controlled, probably due to anti-HIV-1 therapy. On the other hand, this decline is inconsistent with the recent increase of genetic drug-resistant HIV-1 in Japan. Further studies are needed to clarify mechanisms that might explain the discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakasone
- Vaccine Research and Development Group, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sasaki Y, Ami Y, Nakasone T, Shinohara K, Takahashi E, Ando S, Someya K, Suzaki Y, Honda M. Induction of CD95 ligand expression on T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes and its contribution to apoptosis of CD95-up-regulated CD4+ T lymphocytes in macaques by infection with a pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 122:381-9. [PMID: 11122244 PMCID: PMC1905812 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an established SIV/HIV-C2/1-infected cynomolgus monkey model displaying stable CD4+ T cell depletion, the kinetics of apoptosis and the levels of expression of CD95 membrane-associated CD95L on lymphocytes were investigated to test the involvement of the CD95/CD95L system in CD4+ T lymphocyte loss in vivo. Rapid depletion of CD4+ T cells occurred up to 2 weeks after infection, with chronic CD4+ T lymphopenia thereafter. During the initial CD4+ T cell loss, which was accompanied by viraemia, about 90% of the peripheral CD4+ T cell subset underwent spontaneous apoptotic cell death during 24 h of culture. Increased expression of CD95 was observed on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, with CD95 expression on CD8+ cells declining rapidly, but high CD95 expression being maintained on CD4+ cells. Since CD95L was expressed on CD8+ T cells, B cells and to a lesser extent on CD4+ T cells, this suggests that CD95-mediated apoptosis might be controlled in an autocrine/paracrine fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sasaki
- Department of Safety Research on Biologics, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
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Shinohara K, Sakai K, Ando S, Ami Y, Yoshino N, Takahashi E, Someya K, Suzaki Y, Nakasone T, Sasaki Y, Kaizu M, Lu Y, Honda M. A highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus with genetic changes in cynomolgus monkey. J Gen Virol 1999; 80 ( Pt 5):1231-1240. [PMID: 10355770 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-80-5-1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), designated C2/1, was obtained by serum passages in cynomolgus monkeys of p-SHIV, an SHIV strain that contains the env gene of pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 89.6. CD4+ lymphocyte depletion was induced within 1 week of the SHIV-C2/1 infection in peripheral blood as well as in various lymphoid organs in all the animals tested, with symptoms of diarrhoea and no increase in body weight, followed by intense viraemia. Serum antibody against Env protein was detected from 4 weeks after the virus infection, while the anti-Gag antibody response was absent in the SHIV-C2/1-infected animals. In contrast, both anti-Gag and anti-Env antibody responses were present in animals infected with p-SHIV or the non-pathogenic SHIV-MN. Sequencing of the env gene of isolates of SHIV-C strains showed conserved amino acid changes in the Env C2 and V3 regions that included changes to negatively charged amino acids, in the cytoplasmic region of gp41 that included a 42 amino acid deletion, and in the Nef protein. The pathogenic SHIV-C2/1-monkey model suggests that virus-specific pathogenicity in SHIV infection may be associated with the absence of anti-Gag antibody responses in animals and may be caused by genetic changes during serum passage in vivo.
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Nakasone T. [Tuberculosis among health care workers in Okinawa Prefecture]. Kekkaku 1999; 74:389-95. [PMID: 10355225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In health care setting, transmission of M. tuberculosis (TB) is considerable risk not only to patients but to health care workers (HCWs). The total number of registered TB cases in Okinawa prefecture was 1,202 in 1993-1995 (incidence rate 28.3 per 100,000 in 1995) and that of HCWs was 23. Using data from TB registration system, relative risk of tuberculous disease of nurses was estimated to be 2.3 higher than general population. Nosocomial transmission of TB to HCWs in a general hospital was occurred in 1993. After 2 nurses in the same ward were diagnosed as active pulmonary TB by routine screening chest X-ray, a contact investigation was performed in their family, friends and the ward staffs. On the result of initial evaluation of PPD test, 22 of 26 HCWs were suspected to be infected and preventive therapy with isoniazid were given to 16 HCWs. Follow-up chest radiographs for 3 years revealed 5 HCWs were active TB. According to RFLP analysis of M. tuberculosis isolates, 3 HCWs and 1 patient had identical RFLP pattern to 65-year-old female SLE patient, who was admitted for fever in Nov. 1993 and was diagnosed as miliary tuberculosis after 2 weeks admission. As she had no cough and sputum, the infectiousness of the case was suspected to be increased by cough-inducing procedure. The following TB infection control measures were conducted in the hospital; (1) Education and training to all HCWs for early identification of TB patient and adequate treatment (2) Surveillance and reporting system of TB patient from laboratory and ward to infection-control committee (3) Introduction of PPD test program for HCWs (4) Use of HEPA masks as personal respiratory protection. We need further evaluation of engineering controls e.g. ventilation and isolation room.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakasone
- Nago Public Health Center, Okinawa, Japan
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Yoshino N, Naganawa S, Nakasone T, Imura S, Kita T, Honda M. Vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Japan, 1989-1997: presence of two subtypes B and E with subtype E predominance. National Cooperative Study Investigators on Vertical Transmission of HIV-1. Pediatr Int 1999. [PMID: 9821718 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A collaborative group for studying vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 in pregnant women and their babies was established in Japan in 1989. Forty-two infants, including 13 HIV-1-infected, 25 uninfected and four of undetermined status and 15 control children born to HIV-1 negative mothers were diagnosed and followed from birth to 1.5 years. All strains from HIV-positive infants were either clade E (eight infants, 61.5%) or B (five infants, 38.5%) according to DNA sequencing specific for the HIV-1 C2-V3 region. The 42 mothers with HIV-1 were women with sexual-risk behavior from all regions, but were concentrated in the Kanto District. In this group of HIV-infected children, there was no significant difference between the transmissibility of their mother's clade E and B viruses. Eight (61.5%) of the 13 virus-infected babies were Japanese and five (62.5%) of the eight were positive for HIV-1 clade E. The V3 loop region of the clade E virus of the babies was conserved but approximately 60% of the sequences which showed a substitution of aspartic acid by asparagine at position 29. The results suggest that HIV-1 clade E may be predominant in vertical transmissions and are phenotypically different from HIV-1 in persons with various other risk behaviors in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yoshino
- National Cooperative Study Group on Vertical Transmission of HIV-1, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Yasuda S, Iwasaki M, Oka S, Naganawa S, Nakasone T, Honda M, Sata T, Kojima A, Matsuda S, Takemori T, Tsunetsugu-Yokota Y. Detection of HIV-Gag p24-specific antibodies in sera and saliva of HIV-1-infected adults and in sera of infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers. Microbiol Immunol 1998; 42:305-11. [PMID: 9623918 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02287.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) is known to play an important role in the mucosal defense against a variety of pathogens. Although the role of IgA antibodies during sexual transmission of HIV is not clear, HIV-specific IgA antibodies have been detected in various mucosal secretions of HIV-infected individuals. Using a monoclonal antibody against human IgA, we established an ELISA system to detect anti-HIV p24 IgA antibodies in sera and saliva. We have analyzed the levels of anti-HIV p24 IgG and IgA antibodies in sera and saliva of 107 and 119 adults, respectively, with HIV infection at different clinical stages, and in the sera of 13 infants born to HIV-infected mothers. The level of anti-HIV p24 IgA antibodies was lower in sera and higher in saliva as compared to that of anti-HIV p24 IgG antibodies. Where the percentage of HIV-specific serum antibody-positive cases decreased with disease progression, that of saliva antibody-positive cases increased in AIDS patients. Among the 13 infants born to HIV-infected mothers, 7 infants were HIV-p24-specific serum IgA positive. These sera were negative for anti-HIV p24 secretory IgA, suggesting that some infants develop their own immune responses against HIV infection. Thus, the detection of HIV-specific IgA antibodies, especially in saliva, could be a simple and reliable test for the diagnosis of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Nakasone T, Totani R, Yamazki S, Honda M. HIV-1 subtype A in Japan. AIDS 1998; 12:950-2. [PMID: 9631150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Van der Ryst E, Nakasone T, Habel A, Venet A, Gomard E, Altmeyer R, Girard M, Borman AM. Study of the immunogenicity of different recombinant Mengo viruses expressing HIV1 and SIV epitopes. Res Virol 1998; 149:5-20. [PMID: 9561560 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2516(97)86896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant Mengo viruses expressing heterologous genes have proven to be safe and immunogenic in both mice and primates, and to be able to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses (Altmeyer et al., 1995, 1996). Several recombinant Mengo viruses expressing either a large region (aa 65-206) of the HIV1 nef gene product, or cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopic regions from the SIV Gag (aa 182-190), Nef (aa 155-178) and Pol (aa 587-601) gene products were engineered. The heterologous antigens were expressed either as fusion proteins with the Mengo virus leader (L) protein, or in cleaved form through autocatalytic cleavage by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A protein. Rhesus macaques and BALB/c mice inoculated with the Mengo virus SIV recombinants failed to develop CTL responses against the SIV gene products, while one of the HIV-Nef recombinants induced a weak CTL response in mice directed to an HIV1 Nef peptide spanning positions 182-198. In contrast, BALB/c mice immunized with vaccinia virus recombinants expressing HIV1 Nef developed a strong CTL response to the 182-198 peptide and also responded to a second peptide spanning positions 73-81. These results indicate that Mengo virus recombinants expressing HIV1 Nef and SIV CTL epitopes are weak immunogens. One of the fusion recombinants expressing SIV CTL epitopes failed to infect macaques even when used at high doses, while the recombinant expressing HIV1 Nef as a fusion protein failed to infect BALB/c mice. These results demonstrate that the expression of certain heterologous sequences as fusion proteins with L can result in the loss of the ability of the recombinant to infect normally susceptible animals.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
- Gene Products, gag/genetics
- Gene Products, gag/immunology
- Gene Products, nef/genetics
- Gene Products, nef/immunology
- Gene Products, pol/genetics
- Gene Products, pol/immunology
- Genetic Vectors
- HIV Antibodies/biosynthesis
- HIV-1/genetics
- HIV-1/immunology
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Immunization
- Macaca mulatta
- Mengovirus/genetics
- Mengovirus/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Plasmids
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Vaccinia virus/immunology
- nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Yoshizaki H, Nakasone T, Nakasatomi T, Kusagawa S, Sato H, Nguyen TH, Mai HA, Hoang TL, Takebe Y, Honda M. Nucleotide sequence variation of human T-lymphotropic virus type II in Vietnam. Jpn J Cancer Res 1997; 88:787-91. [PMID: 9369924 PMCID: PMC5921508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1997.tb00452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A high rate of human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) infection has been documented in intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) in South Vietnam. We have investigated the molecular characteristics of the virus and have shown that one HTLV-II subtype is predominant in Ho Chi Minh City. This molecular subtype, HTLV-IIb, was identified in a number of South Vietnamese by nucleotide sequence analysis of the long terminal repeat (LTR) region. HTLV-IIa was not found. These findings suggest that HTLV-IIb is endemic in IVDAs in South Vietnam, although IVDAs in urban areas in North America are predominantly infected with HTLV-IIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshizaki
- First Research Group, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo
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Yamanaka T, Fujimura Y, Ishimoto S, Yoshioka A, Konishi M, Narita N, Mimaya J, Meguro T, Nakasone T, Okamoto Y, Yoshizaki H, Yamada K, Honda M. Correlation of titer of antibody to principal neutralizing domain of HIVMN strain with disease progression in Japanese hemophiliacs seropositive for HIV type 1. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997; 13:317-26. [PMID: 9071431 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1997.13.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the use of the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) peptide-based ELISA to measure anti-PND antibodies that specifically bound synthetic peptides derived from HIVIIIB, HIVMN, HIVRF, HIVSC, HIVWJM-2, HIVAf1l.con, or HIVAf2.con, type-specific antibodies to the HIVMN peptide were studied in 350 serum specimens from Japanese with hemophilia A who had been injected with known unheated factor VIII concentrates until 1985 and had been infected with HIV-1 subtype B. These antibodies were not found in any of the seronegative sera of hemophiliacs, patients with autoimmune diseases, or normal healthy controls. Further, all hemophiliacs rapidly progressing to AIDS and death among the 95 hemophiliacs in a restricted Nara area had antibody titers of less than 20 and their low levels preceded the rapid progression to the disease state. In contrast, slowly progressing hemophiliacs maintained an antibody titer of more than 100 from the initial stages of viral infection and remained asymptomatic. Sequence analysis of the V3 regions of HIV-1 indicated that the hemophiliacs who maintained a high anti-PNDMN antibody level showed a conserved MN sequence. In contrast, the HIV-infected hemophiliacs with nonreactivity in the ELISA showed sequence changes in the neutralizing epitopes of HIVMN. The dynamic of the serum anti-PNDMN antibody titer appear to be a characteristic indicator of the progression of the HIV-infected status in Japanese hemophiliacs seropositive for HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamanaka
- Department of Blood Transfusion Service, Nara Medical University, Japan
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20
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Kimino K, Tobinaga K, Nakasone T, Taketomi K. [A case of spontaneous ruptured of the esophagus managed with pedicled omental covering]. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 44:990-3. [PMID: 8741562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We experienced a case of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus which was successfully managed by suture of the ruptured site and pedicled omental covering. A 47-year-old male was referred to our department in unstable condition 60 hours after the onset of acute symptoms. Upon presentation to the hospital, the patient was in shock and complained of severe chest pain and dyspnea, the onset of which followed vomiting after consumption of alcohol. A diagnosis of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus was made on the basis of the history of the episode and chest X-ray and chest CT findings. After construction of a pedicled omentum created during laparotomy, left-sided thoracotomy and debridment of the mediastinum was performed, which was seen to contain necrotic tissue and purulental fluid. The site of esophageal rupture, nearly 3 cm in length, was sutured shut and reinforced with a pedicled omental covering, the postoperative course was uneventful, and oral intake was resumed 20 days following the surgery. The pedicled omental covering procedure was useful for reinforcing sutures at the site of rupture and for control of infection in this patient for whom institution of surgical therapy for spontaneous esophageal rupture was delayed following the acute onset of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kimino
- Department of Surgery, Isahaya General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
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21
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Honda M, Matsuo K, Nakasone T, Okamoto Y, Yoshizaki H, Kitamura K, Sugiura W, Watanabe K, Fukushima Y, Haga S, Katsura Y, Tasaka H, Komuro K, Yamada T, Asano T, Yamazaki A, Yamazaki S. Protective immune responses induced by secretion of a chimeric soluble protein from a recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin vector candidate vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in small animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:10693-7. [PMID: 7479867 PMCID: PMC40678 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.23.10693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vector-based vaccine that secretes the V3 principal neutralizing epitope of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) could induce immune response to the epitope and prevent the viral infection. By using the Japanese consensus sequence of HIV-1, we successfully constructed chimeric protein secretion vectors by selecting an appropriate insertion site of a carrier protein and established the principal neutralizing determinant (PND)-peptide secretion system in BCG. The recombinant BCG (rBCG)-inoculated guinea pigs were initially screened by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reactions to the PND peptide, followed by passive transfer of the DTH by the systemic route. Further, immunization of mice with the rBCG resulted in induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The guinea pig immune antisera showed elevated titers to the PND peptide and neutralized HIVMN, and administration of serum IgG from the vaccinated guinea pigs was effective in completely blocking the HIV infection in thymus/liver transplanted severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)/hu or SCID/PBL mice. In addition, the immune serum IgG was shown to neutralize primary field isolates of HIV that match the neutralizing sequence motif by a peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based virus neutralization assay. The data support the idea that the antigen-secreting rBCG system can be used as a tool for development of HIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Honda
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Fukushima Y, Takahashi H, Hall WW, Nakasone T, Nakata S, Song P, Dinh Duc D, Hien B, Nguyen XQ, Ngoc Trinh T. Extraordinary high rate of HTLV type II seropositivity in intravenous drug abusers in south Vietnam. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1995; 11:637-45. [PMID: 7576920 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1995.11.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum specimens (n = 1899) were assayed for infections with HTLV-I, HTLV-II, and HIV-1 in seven classified groups of normal healthy controls, children, pregnant women, prostitutes, intravenous drug abusers, patients under going hemodialysis, and hemophiliacs in South and North Vietnam. Surprisingly, 125 of 954 samples from South Vietnam exhibited seropositivity for HTLV-II and 119 of these belonged to the group of IVDAs (n = 200). The remaining six positives were a healthy control, a prostitute, two children, and two patients under going hemodialysis. Two IVDAs who were seropositive for HTLV-I and 10 of 15 seropositives for HIV-1 were also positive for HTLV-II in this population. In contrast, no seropositives to any of the viruses were detected in the North Vietnamese samples (0 of 945). The HTLV-II-seropositive IVDAs exhibited increased seropositivity with age compared with HIV-1 seropositivity in the population, and there was no statistical relation between seropositivity for HTLV-II and HIV-1. The HTLV-IIs in South Vietnam IVDAs appeared, by subtype-specific peptide ELISA, to be a mixture of both subtypes a and b, with subtype a predominant. It seems possible that HTLV-II may have been introduced into this population from IVDAs from the United States during the Vietnam conflict, but in a period prior to, or early in, the introduction of HIV-1 to IVDAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Laboratory of Immunology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Yamamoto S, Nakata S, Nakasone T, Chosa T, Song P, Duc DD, Hien B, Quang NX, Trinh TN, Ono T. Detection of HTLV-II-seropositive blood donors in South Vietnam but not in North Vietnam. Jpn J Cancer Res 1994; 85:875-8. [PMID: 7961112 PMCID: PMC5919582 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1994.tb02961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 1% (4/500) of blood donors exhibited seropositivity for HTLV-II in South Vietnam, but none (0/500) did in North Vietnam. Further, all individuals seropositive for HTLV-II were intravenous drug abusers who were seronegative for HIV-1 and HTLV-I. These findings suggest that HTLV-II infection may be specifically prevalent in drug abusers in South Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo
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Honda M, Kitamura K, Nakasone T, Fukushima Y, Matsuda S, Nishioka K, Matsuda J, Hashimoto N, Yamazaki S. Japanese patients with chronic fatigue syndrome are negative for known retrovirus infections. Microbiol Immunol 1993; 37:779-84. [PMID: 7507200 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1993.tb01705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known to be the syndrome that begins with an acute flu-like illness that may be due to the exposure to an infectious agent, there has been no convincing evidence on the causative agents. Recently, human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II)-like virus has been reported to be associated with the CFS by using HTLV Western blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction. However, some investigators could not detect HTLV-II by indirect immunofluorescence analysis. Lately, CFS patients have been reported in Japan. We detected all 30 tested patients with CFS were seronegative for HTLV-II, HTLV-I and HIV by specific peptide ELISA and Western blot. Further, PCR analysis was negative for HTLV-II and retrovirus was not detected by coculture method with patients' PBMC. Thus, known human retrovirus infections do not cause a CFS in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Honda
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Okamoto Y, Yoshizaki H, Nakasone T, Kitamura K, Honda M. [Role of soluble IL-6 signal transducer (gp130) in HIV infection]. Nihon Rinsho 1993; 51 Suppl:68-72. [PMID: 8271451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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27
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Nakasone T, Yamamoto S, Honda M, Horie R, Shigeta K, Saito T. [Anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus]. Nihon Rinsho 1993; 51 Suppl:219-23. [PMID: 8271387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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28
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Yamamoto S, Nakasone T, Yoshizaki H, Kitamura K, Watanabe K, Okamoto Y, Fukushima Y, Honda M. [Role of interleukin-6 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection]. Nihon Rinsho 1993; 51 Suppl:224-8. [PMID: 8271388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Nakasone T, Araki K, Masuda M, Oshiro K, Arakaki H, Shimoji T, Shinzato O, Mimura G. Immune responses and serum levels of cytokines in adult T-cell leukemia patients and human T-cell leukemia virus type-I carriers. Eur J Haematol Suppl 1992; 48:99-104. [PMID: 1547882 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1992.tb00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To find predictive parameters for development and progression of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) in human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) carriers, we investigated cellular immune responses such as mitogenic responses and natural killer activity of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). And serum or plasma levels of cytokines, including tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP), were also measured in patients with ATL, healthy HTLV-I carriers and healthy HTLV-I non-carriers as controls. Results are as follows: (1) increased spontaneous proliferation and decreased mitogenic responses of PBMC already existed in HTLV-I carriers; (2) IAP was significantly higher in patients with acute/lymphoma type ATL than in those with chronic/smoldering type, HTLV-I carriers and HTLV-I non-carriers. These results suggest that spontaneous proliferation or mitogenic responses and IAP may be useful parameters for the development and progression of ATL from the carriers. Since HTLV-I carriers already have various grades of immunosuppression, we should seriously try to prevent further HTLV-I transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakasone
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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30
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Kita H, Aoki H, Tagaya Y, Miyata H, Nakasone T, Takeoka H, Monma K, Tajima Y, Ono H. [Breast carcinoma metastasis to perineal neurofibroma]. Gan No Rinsho 1990; 36:924-8. [PMID: 2366326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A 51-year-old woman as admitted to our department because of multiple palpable tumors that were noted on the left breast, the perineum, and the neck, shoulders, arms, and legs. The breast tumor showed ulceration on the surface. The perineal tumor was 30 x 15 cm in size and had group slowly for 17 years. A chest X-ray revealed a bilateral coin lesion. She was diagnosed as having a left breast cancer with a skin lung metastasis and a perineal benign tumor. A simple mastectomy and a resection of the perineal tumor were performed. A postoperative examination revealed an adenocarcinoma of the breast and a fibroneurinoma of the perineum with a metastasis from the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kita
- 2nd Dept. of Surgery, Dokkyo Univ. School of Med
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31
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Nakasone T, Masuda M, Arakaki H, Shimoji T, Araki K, Mimura G. [Adult T-cell leukemia with massive melena due to marked gastrointestinal involvement]. Rinsho Ketsueki 1989; 30:1848-52. [PMID: 2593252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old man born in Okinawa was admitted to our hospital because of epigastralgia. Physical examination revealed general lymphadenopathy, mild hepatomegaly and skin eruption. The peripheral blood leukocyte count was 168,600/microliters, with 93% abnormal lymphocytes showing convoluted or lobulated nuclei. Anti HTLV-1 antibody was positive with titer of 1: 1280 (PA). Leukemic cells had typical ATL cells' surface markers (OKT3; 97.2%, T4; 93.3%, T8; 2.8%, OKIA1; 39.6%, IL-2R; 41.8%) and complete monoclonal HTLV-1 provirus DNA. Endoscopic examination with biopsy revealed massive involvement of ATL cells into gastric mucosa. In the course of the treatment, he had extremely massive melena, and was saved by emergency operation. Multiple ulcers were found in the resected colon. Histological examination showed the marked infiltration of the ATL cells into the mucous or submucous membrane. Thereafter, he was treated well with ALG (Anti Lymphocyte Globulin), until hypercalcemia occurred. He died of acute renal failure after hypercalcemia.
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32
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Yamaoka N, Kida H, Oh S, Nakasone T, Kiya T, Tagawa Y, Tomita M. [A case of pulmonary carcinoma presenting flow cytometrical heterogeneity of the nuclear DNA content between its primary focus and the metastatic foci]. Gan No Rinsho 1989; 35:632-8. [PMID: 2716193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have experienced case involving a 63-year-old patient with a pulmonary carcinoma, who was given an enterectomy following a lobectomy, due to minimal intestinal metastasis. In this case, using flow cytometry, the cancer cell nuclear DNA content was analyzed for the primary tumor focus, the mediastinal lymph node metastatic focus, and the small intestinal metastatic focus. For the primary focus, a cancer cellular population of polyploidy with 2 ploidies of DNA content was observed, while for both the metastatic foci, only a single cancer cellular population was observed, indicating the heterogeneity of the nuclear DNA content between the primary focus and metastatic foci. These 2 metastatic foci had DNA contents completely corresponding to that for a ploidy with a high DNA content in the primary focus, suggesting a metastasis of only the above population from the primary focus. The present case apparently formed metastatic foci in other organs than the lungs but only by cancer cells more susceptible to metastasis among the cancer cells found in the primary focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamaoka
- Dept. of Surgery, Ureshino National Hospital
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33
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Tomita M, Ayabe H, Kawahara K, Kimino K, Taniguchi H, Nakasone T, Hashiyada H, Kawazoe N. [Simultaneous combined sleeve resection of the trachea, main bronchus and descending aorta with esophagectomy in intrathoracic esophageal cancer]. Kyobu Geka 1988; 41:574-8. [PMID: 3419023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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34
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Nakada K, Yamaguchi K, Furugen S, Nakasone T, Nakasone K, Oshiro Y, Kohakura M, Hinuma Y, Seiki M, Yoshida M. Monoclonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA in patients with strongyloidiasis. Int J Cancer 1987; 40:145-8. [PMID: 2886441 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between strongyloidiasis and HTLV-I was investigated in Okinawa, an area where both conditions are endemic. Thirty-six patients with strongyloidiasis were seropositive for HTLV-I and suffered from several related clinical complications. Fourteen of these patients (39%) were shown to have monoclonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA in their blood lymphocytes, a condition designated as "smouldering" adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL). Monoclonal integration of proviral DNA correlated with an increased CD4/CD8 ratio and the presence of abnormal lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and with a trend for greater severity of the parasitic infection. Although the immunodeficiency caused by HTLV-I could predispose to hyperinfestation by Strongyloides, it is also possible that both the parasitic and the retroviral infestations are important co-factors leading to the development of ATL.
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35
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Nakasone T. [Relationship between neuronal size and axonal length in chick propriospinal neurons]. No To Shinkei 1987; 39:471-8. [PMID: 2441728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the relationship between neuronal size and axonal length, we compared the size of chick propriospinal neurons in several segmental levels. As the index of neuron size, the cross sectional areas of somata were measured. After unilateral implantation of solidified HRP into the lumbar enlargement (2 cases) or the cervical enlargement (1 case) in the 2-4 day post-hatch chick under Nembutal anesthesia, propriospinal neurons projecting to the enlargement were visualized by TMB method. Labeled cells found in complete serial transverse sections were all traced onto tracing papers put on photomicrographs under examination with the microscope (Fig. 2). In several successive sections in the cervical cord, the cervical enlargement, the lumbar and the sacral cord, the cross sectional areas of their 3601 somata were measured on traced drawings of final magnification X243 by means of a computer system graphic analyzer (Cosmo Zone, Nikon) (Fig. 1). As a control case, cross sectional areas of somata were also measured in Nissl preparations in laminae V-VIII, where vast majority of propriospinal neurons are located, and also lamina IX. In Nissl preparations, the cross sectional areas of neurons in laminae V-VIII had a wide range distribution from 50 to 1600 micron 2. Over 90% of them were distributed from 50 to 600 micron 2. Among them, the neurons with somata of 150-250 micron 2 were most numerous. The distribution pattern was almost the same in all segments examined. The cross sectional areas of neurons in lamina IX were also distributed in a wide range from 150 to 1600 micron 2 (Fig. 3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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36
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Nakasone T. [Somatotopical localization of motor neurons]. No To Shinkei 1987; 39:425-35. [PMID: 3304360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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37
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Iwanaga M, Tanabe M, Yamamoto K, Nakasone N, Nakasone T, Yoshida C. [Characteristic of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in the Aja River]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1985; 59:551-8. [PMID: 3932541 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.59.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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