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Horikawa A, Tsuda K, Yamamoto T, Michiue T. Evaluation of Pancreatic β-cell Differentiation Efficiency of Human iPSC Lines for Clinical Use. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:CSCR-EPUB-137042. [PMID: 38311917 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x267226231126185532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of pancreatic β-cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has great potential as a root treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, their current level of efficiency to differentiate into β-cells is still not at par for clinical use. Previous research has shown that differentiation efficiency varies among human embryonic stem cells and mouse-induced pluripotent stem cell lines. Therefore, selecting a suitable cell line for efficient induction into desired tissues and organs is crucial. METHOD In this study, we have evaluated the efficiency of 15 hiPSC lines available for clinical use to differentiate into pancreatic β-cells. RESULTS Our investigation has revealed induction efficiency to differ among the hiPSC lines, even when derived from the same donor. Among the hiPSC lines tested, the 16A01 cell line exhibited the highest insulin expression and low glucagon expression, suggesting that this cell line is suitable for differentiation into β-cells. CONCLUSION Our study has demonstrated the importance of selecting a suitable hiPSC line for effective differentiation into β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Horikawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tsuda
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
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Kaneshima T, Ogawa M, Yamamoto T, Tsuboyama Y, Miyata Y, Kotani T, Okajima T, Michiue T. Enhancement of neural crest formation by mechanical force in Xenopus development. Int J Dev Biol 2024; 68:25-37. [PMID: 38591691 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.230273tm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In vertebrate development, ectoderm is specified into neural plate (NP), neural plate border (NPB), and epidermis. Although such patterning is thought to be achieved by molecular concentration gradients, it has been revealed, mainly by in vitro analysis, that mechanical force can regulate cell specification. During in vivo patterning, cells deform and migrate, and this applies force to surrounding tissues, shaping the embryo. However, the role of mechanical force for cell specification in vivo is largely unknown. In this study, with an aspiration assay and atomic force microscopy, we have demonstrated that tension on ectodermal cells decreases laterally from the midline in Xenopus early neurula. Ectopically applied force laterally expanded the neural crest (NC) region, a derivative of the NPB, whereas force relaxation suppressed it. Furthermore, force application activated both the FGF and Wnt pathways, which are required for NC formation during neuroectodermal patterning. Taken together, mechanical force is necessary for NC formation in order to regulate signaling pathways. Furthermore, molecular signals specify the NP and generate force on neighboring tissue, the NPB, with its closure. This force activates signals, possibly determining the appropriate width of a narrow tissue, the NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toki Kaneshima
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ogawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tsuboyama
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyata
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kotani
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaharu Okajima
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ochi H, Kato T, Zorn A, Hayashi T, Inoue T, Kondo M, Taira M, Michiue T. Versatile utilities of amphibians (part 5). Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:459-460. [PMID: 37881023 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aaron Zorn
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mariko Kondo
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Kitamura K, Yamamoto T, Ochi H, Suzuki M, Suzuki N, Igawa T, Yoshida T, Futakuchi M, Ogino H, Michiue T. Identification of tumor-related genes via RNA sequencing of tumor tissues in Xenopus tropicalis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13214. [PMID: 37580380 PMCID: PMC10425369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment is still challenging because the disease is often caused by multiple mutations. Although genomic studies have identified many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, gene sets involved in tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Xenopus, a genus of aquatic frogs, is a useful model to identify gene sets because it can be genetically and experimentally analyzed. Here, we analyzed gene expression in tumor tissues of three individuals in Xenopus tropicalis and identified 55 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the upregulated genes in the tumor tissues were enriched in GO terms related to the extracellular matrix and collagen fibril organization. Hierarchical clustering showed that the gene expression patterns of tumor tissues in X. tropicalis were comparable to those of human connective, soft, and subcutaneous tissue-derived cancers. Additionally, pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were associated with multiple pathways, including the extracellular matrix, collagen fibril organization, MET signaling, and keratan sulfate. We also found that the expression tendency of some DEGs that have not been well analyzed in the cancer field clearly determines the prognosis of human cancer patients. This study provides a remarkable reference for future experimental work on X. tropicalis to identify gene sets involved in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kitamura
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata City, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
| | - Nanoka Suzuki
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
| | - Takeshi Igawa
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata City, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Hajime Ogino
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Ning H, Horikawa A, Yamamoto T, Michiue T. Chemical inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKi) improve pancreatic endocrine differentiation of iPS cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023:10.1007/s11626-023-00776-0. [PMID: 37405627 PMCID: PMC10374832 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation, including pancreatic beta cells, has become an approved treatment for type I diabetes. To date, the number of donors limits the availability of treatment. Induction of pancreatic endocrine cells from pluripotent stem cells including iPSCs in vitro offers promise as a solution, but continues to face problems including high reagent costs and cumbersome differentiation procedures. In a previous study, we developed a low-cost, simplified differentiation method, but its efficiency for inducing pancreatic endocrine cells was not sufficient: induction of endocrine cells is non-uniform, resulting in colonies containing relatively high ratio of non-pancreatic-related cells. Here, we applied cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) within a specific time window, which improved the efficiency of pancreatic endocrine cell induction. CDKi treatment reduced the prevalence of multi-layered regions and enhanced expression of the endocrine progenitor-related marker genes PDX1 and NGN3 resulting in enhanced production of both INSULIN and GLUCAGON. These findings support a step forward in the field of regenerative medicine of pancreatic endocrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Ning
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Ayumi Horikawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Yamamoto T, Kaneshima T, Tsukano K, Michiue T. The heparan sulfate modification enzyme, Hs6st1, governs Xenopus neuroectodermal patterning by regulating distributions of Fgf and Noggin. Dev Biol 2023; 496:87-94. [PMID: 36739958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system has various types of cells derived from three neuroectodermal regions: neural plate (NP), neural crest (NC), and preplacodal ectoderm (PPE). Differentiation of these regions is regulated by various morphogens. However, regulatory mechanisms of morphogen distribution in neural patterning are still debated. In general, an extracellular component, heparan sulfate (HS), is essential to regulate morphogen gradients by modulating morphogen binding. The present study focused on an HS modification enzyme, heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1 (Hs6st1), which is highly expressed during the neurula stage in Xenopus. Our present in situ hybridization analysis revealed that Hs6st1 is expressed in the lateral sensorial layer of neuroectoderm. Overexpression of Hs6st1 expands Sox3 (NP marker gene) expression, and slightly dampens FoxD3 (NC marker) expression. Hs6st1 knockout using the CRISPR/Cas9 system also expands the neural plate region, followed by retinal malformation. These results imply that 6-O sulfation, mediated by Hs6st1, selectively regulates morphogen distribution required for neuroectodermal patterning. Among morphogens required for patterning, Fgf8a accumulates on Hs6st1-expressing cells, whereas a secreted BMP antagonist, Noggin, diffuses away from those cells. Thus, cell-autonomous 6-O sulfation of HS at the sensorial layer of neuroectoderm also affects neuroectodermal patterning in neighboring regions, including neural plate and neural crest, not only through accumulation, but also through dispersal of specific morphogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Toki Kaneshima
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsukano
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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7
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Goto T, Michiue T, Shibuya H. ccl19 and ccl21 affect cell movements and differentiation in early Xenopus development. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:175-189. [PMID: 36861303 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
We characterized Xenopus laevis C-C motif chemokine ligand 19.L (ccl19.L) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 21.L (ccl21.L) during early Xenopus embryogenesis. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of ccl19.L and ccl21.L tended to show an inverse correlation, except that the expression level was higher in the dorsal side at the gastrula stage. For example, even at the dorsal sector of the gastrulae, ccl19.L was expressed in the axial region and ccl21.L was expressed in the paraxial region. Dorsal overexpression of ccl19.L and ccl21.L and knockdown of Ccl19.L and Ccl21.L inhibited gastrulation, but their functions were different in cell behaviors during morphogenesis. Observation of Keller sandwich explants revealed that overexpression of both ccl19.L and ccl21.L and knockdown of Ccl21.L inhibited the convergent extension movements, while knockdown of Ccl19.L did not. ccl19.L-overexpressing explants attracted cells at a distance and ccl21.L-overexpressing explants attracted neighboring cells. Ventral overexpression of ccl19.L and ccl21.L induced secondary axis-like structures and chrd.1 expression at the ventral side. Upregulation of chrd.1 was induced by ligand mRNAs through ccr7.S. Knockdown of Ccl19.L and Ccl21.L inhibited gastrulation and downregulated chrd.1 expression at the dorsal side. The collective findings indicate that ccl19.L and ccl21.L might play important roles in morphogenesis and dorsal-ventral patterning during early embryogenesis in Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Goto
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibuya
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Yamamoto T, Kambayashi Y, Tsukano K, Michiue T. Ndst1, a heparan sulfate modification enzyme, regulates neuroectodermal patterning by enhancing Wnt signaling in Xenopus. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:153-160. [PMID: 36726238 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissue is derived from three precursor regions: neural plate, neural crest, and preplacodal ectoderm. These regions are determined by morphogen-mediated signaling. Morphogen distribution is generally regulated by binding to an extracellular matrix component, heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan. HS is modified by many enzymes, such as N-deacetyl sulfotransferase 1 (Ndst1), which is highly expressed in early development. However, functions of HS modifications in ectodermal patterning are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the role of Ndst1 using Xenopus embryos. We found that ndst1 was expressed in anterior neural plate and the trigeminal region at the neurula stage. ndst1 overexpression expanded the neural crest (NC) region, whereas translational inhibition reduced not only the trigeminal region, but also the adjacent NC region, especially the anterior part. At a later stage, ndst1 knocked-down embryos showed defects in cranial ganglion formation. We also found that Ndst1 activates Wnt signaling pathway at the neurula stage. Taken together, our results suggest that N-sulfonated HS accumulates Wnt ligand and activates Wnt signaling in ndst1-expressing cells, but that it inhibits signaling in non-ndst1-expressing cells, leading to proper neuroectodermal patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kambayashi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsukano
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ochi H, Michiue T, Kato T, Zorn A, Hayashi T, Inoue T, Kondo M, Taira M. Versatile utilities of amphibians (part 4). Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:4-5. [PMID: 36740732 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aaron Zorn
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mariko Kondo
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Michiue T, Kato T, Ochi H, Zorn A, Hayashi T, Inoue T, Kondo M, Taira M. Versatile utilities of amphibians (Part 3). Dev Growth Differ 2022; 64:472-473. [PMID: 36579413 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Aaron Zorn
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Mariko Kondo
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Michiue T, Zorn AM, Kato T, Ochi H, Hayashi T, Inoue T. Versatile utilities of amphibians (part 2). Dev Growth Differ 2022; 64:346. [PMID: 36173152 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aaron M Zorn
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Takashi Kato
- Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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Michiue T, Tsukano K. Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10030035. [PMID: 36135368 PMCID: PMC9504399 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling pathways are essential to establish embryonic patterning, including embryonic axis formation. Ectodermal patterning is also governed by a series of morphogens. Four ectodermal regions are thought to be controlled by morphogen gradients, but some perturbations are expected to occur during dynamic morphogenetic movement. Therefore, a mechanism to define areas precisely and reproducibly in embryos, including feedback regulation of signaling pathways, is necessary. In this review, we outline ectoderm pattern formation and signaling pathways involved in the establishment of the pre-placodal ectoderm (PPE). We also provide an example of feedback regulation of signaling pathways for robust formation of the PPE, showing the importance of this regulation.
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Yamamoto T, Kambayashi Y, Otsuka Y, Afouda B, Giuraniuc C, Michiue T, Hoppler S. Positive feedback regulation of frizzled-7 expression robustly shapes a steep Wnt gradient in Xenopus heart development, together with sFRP1 and heparan sulfate. eLife 2022; 11:73818. [PMID: 35942683 PMCID: PMC9363125 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted molecules called morphogens govern tissue patterning in a concentration-dependent manner. However, it is still unclear how reproducible patterning can be achieved with diffusing molecules, especially when that patterning concerns differentiation of thin tissues. Wnt is a morphogen that organizes cardiac development. Wnt6 patterns cardiogenic mesoderm to induce differentiation of a thin tissue, the pericardium, in Xenopus. In this study, we revealed that a Wnt receptor, frizzled-7, is expressed in a Wnt-dependent manner. With a combination of experiments and mathematical modeling, this receptor-feedback appears essential to shape a steep gradient of Wnt signaling. In addition, computer simulation revealed that this feedback imparts robustness against variations of Wnt ligand production and allows the system to reach a steady state quickly. We also found that a Wnt antagonist sFRP1, which is expressed on the opposite side of the Wnt source, accumulates on N-acetyl-rich heparan sulfate (HS). N-acetyl-rich HS concentration is high between the sources of Wnt and sFRP1, achieving local inhibition of Wnt signaling via restriction of sFRP1 spreading. These integrated regulatory systems restrict the Wnt signaling range and ensure reproducible patterning of the thin pericardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yuta Kambayashi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yuta Otsuka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Boni Afouda
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Aberdeen
| | | | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Stefan Hoppler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Aberdeen
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Michiue T, Zorn AM, Kato T, Ochi H, Hayashi T, Inoue T. Versatile Utilities of Amphibians (part 1). Dev Growth Differ 2022; 64:264-265. [PMID: 36088539 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate school of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aaron M Zorn
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Takashi Kato
- Molecular Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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15
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Hirano S, Mii Y, Charras G, Michiue T. Alignment of the cell long axis by unidirectional tension acts cooperatively with Wnt signalling to establish planar cell polarity. Development 2022; 149:275482. [PMID: 35593440 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) is the aligned cell polarity within a tissue plane. Mechanical signals are known to act as a global cue for PCP, yet their exact role is still unclear. In this study, we focused on PCP in the posterior neuroectoderm of Xenopus laevis and investigated how mechanical signals regulate polarity. We reveal that the neuroectoderm is under a greater tension in the anterior-posterior direction and that perturbation of this tension causes PCP disappearance. We show that application of uniaxial stretch to explant tissues can control the orientation of PCP and that cells sense the tissue stretch indirectly through a change in their shape, rather than directly through detection of anisotropic tension. Furthermore, we reveal that PCP is most strongly established when the orientation of tissue stretch coincides with that of diffusion of locally expressed Wnt ligands, suggesting a cooperative relationship between these two PCP regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuki Hirano
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mii
- National Institute for Basic Biology and Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan.,Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, Graduate School for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Guillaume Charras
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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16
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Goto T, Michiue T, Shibuya H. ccr7 affects both morphogenesis and differentiation during early Xenopus embryogenesis. Dev Growth Differ 2022; 64:254-260. [PMID: 35581152 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines play important roles in early embryogenesis, including morphogenesis and cell differentiation, before the immune system is established. We characterized Xenopus laevis CC-type chemokine receptor 7 S (ccr7.S) to clarify its role during early development. ccr7 transcripts were detected ubiquitously in early embryos. Dorsal overexpression of ccr7.S inhibited gastrulation, and ccr7.S mRNA-injected embryos had short axes and widely opened neural folds. Because the Keller sandwich explants of the injected embryos elongated well, ccr7.S might affect cell migration, but not convergent extension movements. Ventral ccr7.S overexpression induced secondary axes and chrd.1 upregulation in gastrula-stage embryos. Animal cap assays showed increased expression of neural and cement gland marker genes at later stages. Ccr7.S knockdown reduced chrd.1 expression and inhibited gastrulation at the dorsal side. Our findings suggest that ccr7.S plays important roles in morphogenetic movement and cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Goto
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibuya
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Tsukano K, Yamamoto T, Watanabe T, Michiue T. Xenopus Dusp6 modulates FGF signaling precisely to pattern pre-placodal ectoderm. Dev Biol 2022; 488:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Torizal FG, Lau QY, Ibuki M, Kawai Y, Horikawa M, Minami M, Michiue T, Horiguchi I, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. A miniature dialysis-culture device allows high-density human-induced pluripotent stem cells expansion from growth factor accumulation. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1316. [PMID: 34799690 PMCID: PMC8604949 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional aggregate-suspension culture is a potential biomanufacturing method to produce a large number of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs); however, the use of expensive growth factors and method-induced mechanical stress potentially result in inefficient production costs and difficulties in preserving pluripotency, respectively. Here, we developed a simple, miniaturized, dual-compartment dialysis-culture device based on a conventional membrane-culture insert with deep well plates. The device improved cell expansion up to approximately ~3.2 to 4×107 cells/mL. The high-density expansion was supported by reduction of excessive shear stress and agglomeration mediated by the addition of the functional polymer FP003. The results revealed accumulation of several growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor 2 and insulin, along with endogenous Nodal, which acts as a substitute for depleted transforming growth factor-β1 in maintaining pluripotency. Because we used the same growth-factor formulation per volume in the upper culture compartment, the cost reduced in inverse proportional manner with the cell density. We showed that growth-factor-accumulation dynamics in a low-shear-stress environment successfully improved hiPSC proliferation, pluripotency, and differentiation potential. This miniaturised dialysis-culture system demonstrated the feasibility of cost-effective mass production of hiPSCs in high-density culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Gandhi Torizal
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Qiao You Lau
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Ibuki
- grid.410860.b0000 0000 9776 0030Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kawai
- grid.410860.b0000 0000 9776 0030Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Horikawa
- grid.420062.20000 0004 1763 4894Materials Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masataka Minami
- grid.420062.20000 0004 1763 4894Materials Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikki Horiguchi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Ota R, Ide T, Michiue T. A rapid segmentation method of cell boundary for developing embryos using machine learning with a personal computer. Dev Growth Differ 2021; 63:406-416. [PMID: 34453320 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell segmentation is crucial in the study of morphogenesis in developing embryos, but it had been limited in its accuracy until machine learning methods for image segmentation like U-Net. However, these methods take too much time. In this study, we provide a rapid method for cell segmentation using machine learning with a personal computer, termed Cell Segmentator using Machine Learning (CSML). CSML took four seconds per image with a personal computer for segmentation on average, much less than time to obtain an image. We observed that F-value of segmentation by CSML was around 0.97, showing better performance than state-of-the-art methods like RACE and watershed in assessing the segmentation of Xenopus ectodermal cells. CSML also showed slightly better performance and faster than other machine learning-based methods such as U-Net. CSML required only one whole embryo image for training a Fully Convolutional Network classifier and only two parameters. To validate its accuracy, we compared CSML to other methods in assessing several indicators of cell shape. We also examined the generality of this approach by measuring its performance of segmentation of independent images. Our data demonstrate the superiority of CSML, and we expect this application to improve efficiency in cell shape studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikifumi Ota
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ide
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Kuretani A, Yamamoto T, Taira M, Michiue T. Evolution of hes gene family in vertebrates: the hes5 cluster genes have specifically increased in frogs. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:147. [PMID: 34325655 PMCID: PMC8320183 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background hes genes are chordate homologs of Drosophila genes, hairy and enhancer of split, which encode a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcriptional repressor with a WRPW motif. Various developmental functions of hes genes, including early embryogenesis and neurogenesis, have been elucidated in vertebrates. However, their orthologous relationships remain unclear partly because of less conservation of relatively short amino acid sequences, the fact that the genome was not analyzed as it is today, and species-specific genome duplication. This results in complicated gene names in vertebrates, which are not consistent in orthologs. We previously revealed that Xenopus frogs have two clusters of hes5, named “the hes5.1 cluster” and “the hes5.3 cluster”, but the origin and the conservation have not yet been revealed. Results Here, we elucidated the orthologous and paralogous relationships of all hes genes of human, mouse, chicken, gecko, zebrafish, medaka, coelacanth, spotted gar, elephant shark and three species of frogs, Xenopus tropicalis (X. tropicalis), X. laevis, Nanorana parkeri, by phylogenetic and synteny analyses. Any duplicated hes5 were not found in mammals, whereas hes5 clusters in teleost were conserved although not as many genes as the three frog species. In addition, hes5 cluster-like structure was found in the elephant shark genome, but not found in cyclostomata. Conclusion These data suggest that the hes5 cluster existed in the gnathostome ancestor but became a single gene in mammals. The number of hes5 cluster genes were specifically large in frogs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01879-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Kuretani
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Masanori Taira
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
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21
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Horikawa A, Mizuno K, Tsuda K, Yamamoto T, Michiue T. A simple method of hiPSCs differentiation into insulin-producing cells is improved with vitamin C and RepSox. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254373. [PMID: 34252142 PMCID: PMC8274930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered a promising source of pancreatic β-cells for the treatment of diabetes. However, this approach is limited by issues such as low efficiency and high cost. Here, we have developed a new protocol to induce insulin-producing cells. To reduce costs, we decreased the number of reagents and replaced protein reagents with chemical compounds. In this method, we increased induction efficiency with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and an ALK5 inhibitor, RepSox. In 2D culture, the majority of cells were immature β-cells with low glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Transferring to 3D culture immediately after endocrine progenitor cell differentiation, however, improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This simplified method will contribute to realizing transplantation therapy of β-cells using iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Horikawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mizuno
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tsuda
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Ninomiya H, Intoh A, Ishimine H, Onuma Y, Ito Y, Michiue T, Tazaki A, Kato M. Application of a human mesoderm tissue elongation system in vitro derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells to risk assessment for teratogenic chemicals. Chemosphere 2020; 250:126124. [PMID: 32092576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Toxic compounds from the mother's diet and medication in addition to genetic factors and infection during pregnancy remain risks for various congenital disorders and misbirth. To ensure the safety of food and drugs for pregnant women, establishment of an in vitro system that morphologically resembles human tissues has been long desired. In this study, we focused on dorsal mesoderm elongation, one of the critical early development events for trunk formation, and we established in vitro autonomous elongating tissues from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This artificial tissue elongation is regulated by MYOSIN II and FGF signaling, and is diminished by methylmercury or retinoic acid (RA), similar to in vivo human developmental disabilities. Moreover, our method for differentiation of hiPSCs requires only a short culture period, and the elongation is cell number-independent. Therefore, our in vitro human tissue elongation system is a potential tool for risk assessment assays for identification of teratogenic chemicals via human tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Ninomiya
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan; Department of Cell Biology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Atsushi Intoh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan; Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Division of Biological Science, Stem Cell Technologies Lab, Takayama-cho, Ikoma 8916-5, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hisako Ishimine
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yasuko Onuma
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ito
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Tazaki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, Nagoya, Japan.
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23
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Furuhata Y, Kobayashi M, Maruyama R, Sato Y, Makino K, Michiue T, Yui H, Nishizawa S, Yoshimoto K. Programmable RNA detection with a fluorescent RNA aptamer using optimized three-way junction formation. RNA 2019; 25:590-599. [PMID: 30745364 PMCID: PMC6467008 DOI: 10.1261/rna.069062.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
RNAs play essential roles in various cellular processes and can be used as biomarkers. Hence, it is important to detect endogenous RNA for understanding diverse cellular functions and diagnosing diseases. To construct a low-cost and easy-to-use RNA detection probe, a chemically unmodified RNA aptamer that binds to a pro-fluorophore to increase its fluorescence is desirable. Here, we focused on Broccoli, a superior variant of Spinach, which is a well-known fluorescent RNA aptamer that binds to DFHBI-1T and emits green fluorescence. We experimentally characterized Broccoli and predicted that it forms a G-quadruplex-based DFHBI-1T recognition region sandwiched between two stems. Based on this, we designed a Broccoli-based RNA detection probe (BRD probe) composed of a sequence of destabilized Broccoli fused with complementary sequences against target RNA. The resulting probe with its target RNA formed a stable three-way junction, named the MT2 three-way junction, which contributed to efficient refolding of the Broccoli structure and allowed for programmable RNA detection with high signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity. Interestingly, the MT2 three-way junction also could be applied to probe construction of a truncated form of Spinach (Baby Spinach). The BRD and Baby Spinach-based RNA detection probes (BSRD probe) exhibited up to 48- and 140-fold fluorescence enhancements in the presence of their target RNAs and detected small amounts of target RNA that were as low as 160 and 5 nM, respectively. Thus, we experimentally characterized the higher order structure of Broccoli and developed structure-switching aptamer probes for highly sensitive, programmable, RNA detection using an MT2 three-way junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Furuhata
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Ryo Maruyama
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kurumi Makino
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Yui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nishizawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshimoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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24
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Yokote N, Suzuki-Kosaka MY, Michiue T, Hara T, Tanegashima K. Latrophilin2 is involved in neural crest cell migration and placode patterning in Xenopus laevis. Int J Dev Biol 2019; 63:29-35. [PMID: 30919913 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.180184kt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Latrophilin2 (Lphn2) is an adhesion-class of G protein-coupled receptor with an unknown function in development. Here, we show that Xenopus laevis lphn2 (Xlphn2) is involved in the migration and differentiation of neural crest (NC) cells and placode patterning in Xenopus laevis embryos. Although Xlphn2 mRNA was detected throughout embryogenesis, it was expressed more abundantly in the placode region. Morpholino antisense oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown of Xlphn2 caused abnormal migration of NC cells, irregular epibranchial placode segmentation, and defective cartilage formation. Transplantation of fluorescently-labeled NC regions of wild-type embryos into Xlphn2 morpholino-injected embryos reproduced the defective NC cell migration, indicating that Xlphn2 regulates the migration of NC cells in a non-cell autonomous manner. Our results suggest that Xlphn2 is essential for placode patterning and as a guidance molecule for NC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Yokote
- Stem Cell Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Soeda S, Yamada-Nomoto K, Michiue T, Ohsugi M. RSK-MASTL Pathway Delays Meiotic Exit in Mouse Zygotes to Ensure Paternal Chromosome Stability. Dev Cell 2018; 47:363-376.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Hirano S, Yamamoto T, Michiue T. FRET-based tension measurement across actin-associated mechanotransductive structures using Lima1. Int J Dev Biol 2018; 62:631-636. [PMID: 30378387 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.180110tm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, mechanical forces play important roles in morphogenesis and tissue differentiation. To measure these forces, we developed a new Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tension sensor that uses the actin-associated protein, Lima1. The sensor was validated in HeLa cells where we found the FRET index decreased or increased in response to changes in the cellular environment. Introducing the sensor into Xenopus embryos enabled us to observe tension distributions and sequential changes over the entire embryo. We found that during neural tube closure, neural ectodermal cells showed a gradual decrease in their FRET index, indicating they generate higher tension with the progression of neural tube closure. With appropriate controls and application, our Lima1 tension sensor has the ability to uncover and define other tension distributions and their functions in development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuki Hirano
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Watanabe T, Yamamoto T, Tsukano K, Hirano S, Horikawa A, Michiue T. Fam46a regulates BMP-dependent pre-placodal ectoderm differentiation in Xenopus. Development 2018; 145:dev.166710. [PMID: 30291163 DOI: 10.1242/dev.166710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pre-placodal ectoderm (PPE) is a specialized ectodermal region which gives rise to the sensory organs and other systems. The PPE is induced from the neural plate border during neurulation, but the molecular mechanism of PPE formation is not fully understood. In this study, we examined the role of a newly identified PPE gene, Fam46a, during embryogenesis. Fam46a contains a nucleoside triphosphate transferase domain, but its function in early development was previously unclear. We show that Fam46a is expressed in the PPE in Xenopus embryos, and Fam46a knockdown induces abnormalities in the eye formation and the body color. At the neurula stage, Fam46a upregulates the expression of PPE genes and inhibits neural crest formation. We also show that Fam46a physically interacts with Smad1/Smad4 and positively regulates BMP signaling. From these results, we conclude that Fam46a is required for PPE formation via the positive regulation of BMP signaling. Our study provides a new mechanism of ectodermal patterning via cell-autonomous regulation of BMP signaling in the PPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Watanabe
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsukano
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Sayuki Hirano
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Ayumi Horikawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Goto T, Ito Y, Michiue T. Roles of Xenopus chemokine ligand CXCLh (XCXCLh) in early embryogenesis. Dev Growth Differ 2018; 60:226-238. [PMID: 29700804 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Several chemokine molecules control cell movements during early morphogenesis. However, it is unclear whether chemokine molecules affect cell fate. Here, we identified and characterized the CXC-type chemokine ligand in Xenopus laevis, Xenopus CXCLh (XCXCLh), during early embryogenesis. XCXCLh is expressed in the dorsal vegetal region at the gastrula stage. Both overexpression and knockdown of XCXCLh in the dorsal region inhibited gastrulation. XCXCLh contributed to the attraction of mesendodermal cells and accelerated the reassembly of scratched culture cells. Also, XCXCLh contributed to early endodermal induction. Overexpression of VegTmRNA or high concentrations of calcium ions induced XCXCLh expression. XCXCLh may play roles in both cell movements and differentiation during early Xenopus embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Goto
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ito
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Abstract
The animal cap-the presumptive ectoderm of the blastula embryo-can differentiate into a variety of tissues belonging to the three germ layers following exposure to specific inducers. The "animal cap assay" was devised based on the pluripotency of presumptive ectodermal cells and enabled many important discoveries in the field of embryonic induction and cell differentiation. Using this system, investigators can test multiple factors in solution simultaneously to determine their inducing activities qualitatively, quantitatively, and synergistically. Furthermore, after dissociation and induction, reaggregated animal cap cells can be induced to form higher-order organs. This protocol details preoperative preparations, followed by the basic animal cap assay. Advanced protocols for the induction of kidney, pancreas, and heart are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ariizumi
- Department of Agri-Production Sciences, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; .,Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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30
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Michiue T, Yamamoto T, Yasuoka Y, Goto T, Ikeda T, Nagura K, Nakayama T, Taira M, Kinoshita T. High variability of expression profiles of homeologous genes for Wnt, Hh, Notch, and Hippo signaling pathways in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 2017; 426:270-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Yamashita S, Michiue T. Boundary propagation of planar cell polarity is robust against cell packing pattern. J Theor Biol 2016; 410:44-54. [PMID: 27647257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Planar cell polarity is an important property of epithelial tissue. The boundary propagation model was proposed as the mechanism of PCP induction, while it has been doubted whether it can induce PCP on wide tissue. Using simulation, a set of proteins can be shown to induce PCP, but it does not explain why and how the set can induce PCP. In this study, we made theoretical model and simulation model to explore when and how the boundary propagation induce PCP. We incorporated multipolar cell in our model. Intracellular interactions have been thought to amplify polarity of a cell, but we propose instead that they are to keep a cell-cell interface polarized, and bipolarity of cell is obtained as a result. We show that the boundary propagation can propagate polarity as long as average size of local cell group is constant and levels of PCP proteins are balanced in every cell. Therefore, this model provide an explanation for PCP induction on a tissue with multiple cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamashita
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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32
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Session AM, Uno Y, Kwon T, Chapman JA, Toyoda A, Takahashi S, Fukui A, Hikosaka A, Suzuki A, Kondo M, van Heeringen SJ, Quigley I, Heinz S, Ogino H, Ochi H, Hellsten U, Lyons JB, Simakov O, Putnam N, Stites J, Kuroki Y, Tanaka T, Michiue T, Watanabe M, Bogdanovic O, Lister R, Georgiou G, Paranjpe SS, van Kruijsbergen I, Shu S, Carlson J, Kinoshita T, Ohta Y, Mawaribuchi S, Jenkins J, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Mitros T, Mozaffari SV, Suzuki Y, Haramoto Y, Yamamoto TS, Takagi C, Heald R, Miller K, Haudenschild C, Kitzman J, Nakayama T, Izutsu Y, Robert J, Fortriede J, Burns K, Lotay V, Karimi K, Yasuoka Y, Dichmann DS, Flajnik MF, Houston DW, Shendure J, DuPasquier L, Vize PD, Zorn AM, Ito M, Marcotte EM, Wallingford JB, Ito Y, Asashima M, Ueno N, Matsuda Y, Veenstra GJC, Fujiyama A, Harland RM, Taira M, Rokhsar DS. Genome evolution in the allotetraploid frog Xenopus laevis. Nature 2016; 538:336-343. [PMID: 27762356 PMCID: PMC5313049 DOI: 10.1038/nature19840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy in the African clawed frog, we sequenced the Xenopus laevis genome and compared it to the related diploid X. tropicalis genome. We demonstrate the allotetraploid origin of X. laevis by partitioning its genome into two homeologous subgenomes, marked by distinct families of “fossil” transposable elements. Based on the activity of these elements and the age of hundreds of unitary pseudogenes, we estimate that the two diploid progenitor species diverged ~34 million years ago (Mya) and combined to form an allotetraploid ~17–18 Mya. 56% of all genes are retained in two homeologous copies. Protein function, gene expression, and the amount of flanking conserved sequence all correlate with retention rates. The subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with one chromosome set more often preserving the ancestral state and the other experiencing more gene loss, deletion, rearrangement, and reduced gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Session
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.,US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Yoshinobu Uno
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Taejoon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Jarrod A Chapman
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Center for Information Biology, and Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Shuji Takahashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Akimasa Fukui
- Laboratory of Tissue and Polymer Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Akira Hikosaka
- Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Mariko Kondo
- Misaki Marine Biological Station (MMBS), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 1024 Koajiro, Misaki, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan
| | - Simon J van Heeringen
- Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, 259 RIMLS, M850/2.97, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Quigley
- Salk Institute, Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Sven Heinz
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Hajime Ogino
- Department of Animal Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Haruki Ochi
- Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Uffe Hellsten
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Jessica B Lyons
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
| | - Oleg Simakov
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoko Kuroki
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, NCCHD, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Minoru Watanabe
- Institute of Institution of Liberal Arts and Fundamental Education, Tokushima University, 1-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Ozren Bogdanovic
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ryan Lister
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Georgios Georgiou
- Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, 259 RIMLS, M850/2.97, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Sarita S Paranjpe
- Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, 259 RIMLS, M850/2.97, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Ila van Kruijsbergen
- Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, 259 RIMLS, M850/2.97, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Shengquiang Shu
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Joseph Carlson
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Tsutomu Kinoshita
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Ohta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Shuuji Mawaribuchi
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Jerry Jenkins
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.,HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Jane Grimwood
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.,HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.,HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA
| | - Therese Mitros
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
| | - Sahar V Mozaffari
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 E. 58th St, CLSC 431F, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8568, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Haramoto
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takamasa S Yamamoto
- Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Chiyo Takagi
- Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Rebecca Heald
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley California 94720-3200, USA
| | - Kelly Miller
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley California 94720-3200, USA
| | | | - Jacob Kitzman
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Foege Building S-250, Box 355065, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle Washington 98195-5065, USA
| | - Takuya Nakayama
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Yumi Izutsu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Joshua Fortriede
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA
| | - Kevin Burns
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA
| | - Vaneet Lotay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kamran Karimi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Yuuri Yasuoka
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Darwin S Dichmann
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
| | - Martin F Flajnik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Douglas W Houston
- The University of Iowa, Department of Biology, 257 Biology Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1324, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Foege Building S-250, Box 355065, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle Washington 98195-5065, USA
| | - Louis DuPasquier
- Department of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Basel, Basel CH-4051, Switzerland
| | - Peter D Vize
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Aaron M Zorn
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA
| | - Michihiko Ito
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - John B Wallingford
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Yuzuru Ito
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Naoto Ueno
- Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuda
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Gert Jan C Veenstra
- Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, 259 RIMLS, M850/2.97, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Asao Fujiyama
- Center for Information Biology, and Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.,Principles of Informatics, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Richard M Harland
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daniel S Rokhsar
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Center for Integrative Genomics, Life Sciences Addition #3200, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.,US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.,Molecular Genetics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Watanabe T, Kanai Y, Matsukawa S, Michiue T. Specific induction of cranial placode cells from Xenopus ectoderm by modulating the levels of BMP, Wnt, and FGF signaling. Genesis 2015; 53:652-9. [PMID: 26249012 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The neural-epidermal boundary tissues include the neural crest and preplacodal ectoderm (PPE) as primordial constituents. The PPE region is essential for the development of various sensory and endocrine organs, such as the anterior lobe of the pituitary, olfactory epithelium, lens, trigeminal ganglion, and otic vesicles. During gastrulation, a neural region is induced in ectodermal cells that interacts with mesendodermal tissue and responds to several secreted factors. Among them, inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in the presumptive neuroectoderm is essential for the induction of neural regions, and formation of a Wnt and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling gradient along the midline determines anterior-posterior patterning. In this study, we attempted to specifically induce PPE cells from undifferentiated Xenopus cells by regulating BMP, Wnt, and FGF signaling. We showed that the proper level of BMP inhibition with an injection of truncated BMP receptor or treatment with a chemical antagonist triggered the expression of PPE genes. In addition, by varying the amount of injected chordin, we optimized specific expression of the PPE genes. PPE gene expression is increased by adding an appropriate dose of an FGF receptor antagonist. Furthermore, co-injection with either wnt8 or the Wnt inhibitor dkk-1 altered the expression levels of several region-specific genes according to the injected dose. We specifically induced PPE cell differentiation in animal cap cells from early-stage Xenopus embryos by modulating BMP, Wnt, and FGF signaling. This is not the first research on placode induction, but our simple method could potentially be applied to mammalian stem cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Watanabe
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuna Kanai
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsukawa
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Michiue T. [Current topics in differentiation of islets and the application for regenerative therapy]. Nihon Rinsho 2015; 73 Suppl 5:321-324. [PMID: 30458072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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35
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Chen YC, Auer-Grumbach M, Matsukawa S, Zitzelsberger M, Themistocleous AC, Strom TM, Samara C, Moore AW, Cho LTY, Young GT, Weiss C, Schabhüttl M, Stucka R, Schmid AB, Parman Y, Graul-Neumann L, Heinritz W, Passarge E, Watson RM, Hertz JM, Moog U, Baumgartner M, Valente EM, Pereira D, Restrepo CM, Katona I, Dusl M, Stendel C, Wieland T, Stafford F, Reimann F, von Au K, Finke C, Willems PJ, Nahorski MS, Shaikh SS, Carvalho OP, Nicholas AK, Karbani G, McAleer MA, Cilio MR, McHugh JC, Murphy SM, Irvine AD, Jensen UB, Windhager R, Weis J, Bergmann C, Rautenstrauss B, Baets J, De Jonghe P, Reilly MM, Kropatsch R, Kurth I, Chrast R, Michiue T, Bennett DLH, Woods CG, Senderek J. Transcriptional regulator PRDM12 is essential for human pain perception. Nat Genet 2015; 47:803-8. [PMID: 26005867 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pain perception has evolved as a warning mechanism to alert organisms to tissue damage and dangerous environments. In humans, however, undesirable, excessive or chronic pain is a common and major societal burden for which available medical treatments are currently suboptimal. New therapeutic options have recently been derived from studies of individuals with congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP). Here we identified 10 different homozygous mutations in PRDM12 (encoding PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain-containing protein 12) in subjects with CIP from 11 families. Prdm proteins are a family of epigenetic regulators that control neural specification and neurogenesis. We determined that Prdm12 is expressed in nociceptors and their progenitors and participates in the development of sensory neurons in Xenopus embryos. Moreover, CIP-associated mutants abrogate the histone-modifying potential associated with wild-type Prdm12. Prdm12 emerges as a key factor in the orchestration of sensory neurogenesis and may hold promise as a target for new pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chun Chen
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Shinya Matsukawa
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Andreas C Themistocleous
- 1] Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [2] Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tim M Strom
- 1] Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany. [2] Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Chrysanthi Samara
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrian W Moore
- Disease Mechanism Research Core, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | - Caecilia Weiss
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Schabhüttl
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rolf Stucka
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annina B Schmid
- 1] Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [2] School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Yesim Parman
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Luitgard Graul-Neumann
- Ambulantes Gesundheitszentrum der Charité Campus Virchow (Humangenetik), Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Heinritz
- 1] Praxis für Humangenetik Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [2] Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eberhard Passarge
- 1] Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. [2] Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rosemarie M Watson
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jens Michael Hertz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuela Baumgartner
- Neuropädiatrische Ambulanz, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Schwestern Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Diego Pereira
- Departamento de Cirugía Plástica, Hospital Infantil Universitario de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Istvan Katona
- Institut für Neuropathologie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marina Dusl
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Stendel
- 1] Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany. [2] German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fay Stafford
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katja von Au
- SPZ Neuropädiatrie Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Finke
- CharitéCentrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Arbeitsbereich Kinderzahnmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael S Nahorski
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samiha S Shaikh
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ofélia P Carvalho
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adeline K Nicholas
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gulshan Karbani
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Maeve A McAleer
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria Roberta Cilio
- 1] Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. [2] Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - John C McHugh
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead M Murphy
- 1] Department of Neurology, Adelaide &Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. [2] Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan D Irvine
- 1] Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. [2] Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Joachim Weis
- Institut für Neuropathologie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- 1] Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia, Ingelheim, Germany. [2] Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany. [3] Center for Clinical Research, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rautenstrauss
- 1] Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany. [2] Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonathan Baets
- 1] Neurogenetics Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [2] Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [3] Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter De Jonghe
- 1] Neurogenetics Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [2] Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [3] Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mary M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology, London, UK
| | - Regina Kropatsch
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Roman Chrast
- 1] Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. [2] Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. [3] Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David L H Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Geoffrey Woods
- 1] Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [2] Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Matsukawa S, Miwata K, Asashima M, Michiue T. The requirement of histone modification by PRDM12 and Kdm4a for the development of pre-placodal ectoderm and neural crest in Xenopus. Dev Biol 2015; 399:164-176. [PMID: 25576027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, pre-placodal ectoderm and neural crest development requires morphogen gradients and several transcriptional factors, while the involvement of histone modification remains unclear. Here, we report that histone-modifying factors play crucial roles in the development of pre-placodal ectoderm and neural crest in Xenopus. During the early neurula stage, PRDM12 was expressed in the lateral pre-placodal ectoderm and repressed the expression of neural crest specifier genes via methylation of histone H3K9. ChIP-qPCR analyses indicated that PRDM12 promoted the occupancy of the trimethylated histone H3K9 (H3K9me3) on the Foxd3, Slug, and Sox8 promoters. Injection of the PRDM12 MO inhibited the expression of presumptive trigeminal placode markers and decreased the occupancy of H3K9me3 on the Foxd3 promoter. Histone demethylase Kdm4a also inhibited the expression of presumptive trigeminal placode markers in a similar manner to PRDM12 MO and could compensate for the effects of PRDM12. ChIP-qPCR analyses revealed that promotion of the occupancy of H3K9me3 on the Foxd3, Slug, and Sox8 promoters was inhibited by Kdm4a overexpression. Taken together, these data indicate that histone modification was essential for pre-placodal ectoderm and neural crest development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Matsukawa
- Department of Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kyoko Miwata
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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Morita M, Yamashita S, Matsukawa S, Haramoto Y, Takahashi S, Asashima M, Michiue T. Xnr3 affects brain patterning via cell migration in the neural-epidermal tissue boundary during early Xenopus embryogenesis. Int J Dev Biol 2014; 57:779-86. [PMID: 24307296 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.130161tm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural induction and anteroposterior neural patterning occur simultaneously during Xenopus gastrulation by the inhibition of BMP and Wnt signaling, respectively. However, other processes might be necessary for determining the neural-epidermal boundary. Xenopus nodal-related-3 (Xnr3) is expressed in dorsal blastula and plays a role in neural formation. In this study, we analyzed how Xnr3 affects neural patterning to identify novel mechanisms of neural-epidermal-boundary determination. In situ hybridization revealed that ventro-animal injection with Xnr3 shifted the lateral krox20 expression domain anteriorly and reduced Otx2 expression. The mature region of Xnr3 is necessary for these effects to occur, and the pro-region accelerated them. Phalloidin labeling revealed that cells around the neural-epidermal boundary lost their slender shape following Xnr3 injection. Moreover, we analyzed the cell migration of ectodermal cells and found specific Xnr3-induced effects at the neural-epidermal boundary. These findings together suggested that Xnr3 affects anterior ectoderm migration around the neural-epidermal boundary to induce a specific neural pattern abnormality. Change of the shape of surrounding ectodermal cells and the specific migratory pattern might therefore reflect the novel mechanism of neural-epidermal boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Morita
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Ninomiya H, Mizuno K, Terada R, Miura T, Ohnuma K, Takahashi S, Asashima M, Michiue T. Improved efficiency of definitive endoderm induction from human induced pluripotent stem cells in feeder and serum-free culture system. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:1-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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39
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Ohata Y, Matsukawa S, Moriyama Y, Michiue T, Morimoto K, Sato Y, Kuroda H. Sirtuin inhibitor Ex-527 causes neural tube defects, ventral edema formations, and gastrointestinal malformations in Xenopus laevis embryos. Dev Growth Differ 2014; 56:460-8. [PMID: 25131500 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reagent Ex-527 is widely used as a major inhibitor of Sirtuin enzymes, which are a family of highly conserved protein deacetylases and have been linked with caloric restriction and aging by modulating energy metabolism, genomic stability, and stress resistance. However, the extent to which Ex-527 controls early developmental events of vertebrate embryos remains to be understood. Here, we report an examination of Ex-527 effects during Xenopus early development, followed by a confirmation of expressions of xSirt1 and xSirt2 in embryonic stages and enhancement of acetylation by Ex-527. First, we found that reductions in size of neural plate at neurula stages were induced by Ex-527 treatment. Second, tadpoles with short body length and large edematous swellings in the ventral side were frequently observed. Moreover, Ex-527-treated embryos showed severe gastrointestinal malformations in late tadpole stages. Taken together with these results, we conclude that the Sirtuin family start functioning at early embryonic stages and is required for various developmental events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Ohata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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Yamashita S, Michiue T. Quantitative analysis of cell arrangement indicates early differentiation of the neural region during Xenopus gastrulation. J Theor Biol 2014; 346:1-7. [PMID: 24412624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion properties change with the state of cell differentiation, causing specific rearrangements of cells within the tissue during morphogenesis. Any such differing cell arrangements must be a result of change of the adhesion properties. Thus, cell arrangement is expected to be an indication of differentiation and phenotype. However, there is no established system, theoretical or experimental, to describe general cell arrangements. In order to evaluate cell arrangement quantitatively, we used a mathematical graph model in which cell arrangement is simplified to an adjacency relationship. We introduce a new index of cell arrangement defined in terms of how much of different particular small graphs are included in the graph of cells. The index, represented by vectors, enables the comparison of areal cell arrangements. In an analysis of Xenopus ectoderm, the site where the vector changed was detected in an area between the dorsal and ventral regions at late gastrula, and this site moved toward the dorsal midline at early neurula, similar to the behavior of a prospective neural region. Interestingly, the border between areas with different cell arrangements corresponded to the neural-epithelial boundary. The graph model of cell arrangement was shown to be able to distinguish difference in cell arrangements which are hard to tell by intuitive analysis of microscopic images. The behavior of cell arrangement border suggests that it corresponds to a neural-epithelial border, and the neural differentiation at late gastrula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamashita
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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Nejigane S, Takahashi S, Haramoto Y, Michiue T, Asashima M. Hippo signaling components, Mst1 and Mst2, act as a switch between self-renewal and differentiation in Xenopus hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors. Int J Dev Biol 2014; 57:407-14. [PMID: 23873372 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.130010st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hippo signaling is a conserved pathway that regulates cell proliferation and organ size control. Mst1 and Mst2 were identified as homologs of hippo and as core kinases of the Hippo pathway in mammals. Here, we have characterized the role of Mst1 and Mst2 during Xenopus primitive hematopoiesis. We showed that Mst1 and Mst2 were strongly expressed in the Xenopus ventral blood island, where primitive hematopoiesis is initiated. Loss-of-function analysis of Mst1/2 revealed morphogenetic defects, including short axis, smaller eyes and abnormal epidermis, and decreased phosphorylation of Yap. Mst1/2 morphants did not exhibit any change in the expression of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor markers in early hematopoietic development. In addition, we have shown that such progenitor markers were continuously expressed through to the late hematopoietic development stage. As a result, the expression of erythroid, myeloid and endothelial differentiation markers were decreased in Mst1/2 morphants. Our results indicate that Mst1/2 act as a differentiation switch in Xenopus hematopoietc and endothelial progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Nejigane
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Seki Y, Yoshida Y, Ishimine H, Shinozaki-Ushiku A, Ito Y, Sumitomo K, Nakajima J, Fukayama M, Michiue T, Asashima M, Kurisaki A. Lipase member H is a novel secreted protein selectively upregulated in human lung adenocarcinomas and bronchioloalveolar carcinomas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:1141-7. [PMID: 24380866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death worldwide. However, molecular markers for lung cancer have not been well established. To identify novel genes related to lung cancer development, we surveyed publicly available DNA microarray data on lung cancer tissues. We identified lipase member H (LIPH, also known as mPA-PLA1) as one of the significantly upregulated genes in lung adenocarcinoma. LIPH was expressed in several adenocarcinoma cell lines when they were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blotting, and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemical analysis detected LIPH expression in most of the adenocarcinomas and bronchioloalveolar carcinomas tissue sections obtained from lung cancer patients. LIPH expression was also observed less frequently in the squamous lung cancer tissue samples. Furthermore, LIPH protein was upregulated in the serum of early- and late-phase lung cancer patients when they were analyzed by ELISA. Interestingly, high serum level of LIPH was correlated with better survival in early phase lung cancer patients after surgery. Thus, LIPH may be a novel molecular biomarker for lung cancer, especially for adenocarcinoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Seki
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Ishimine
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ito
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenya Sumitomo
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Kochi Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Michiue
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan; Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Akira Kurisaki
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Razak SRA, Ueno K, Takayama N, Nariai N, Nagasaki M, Saito R, Koso H, Lai CY, Murakami M, Tsuji K, Michiue T, Nakauchi H, Otsu M, Watanabe S. Profiling of microRNA in human and mouse ES and iPS cells reveals overlapping but distinct microRNA expression patterns. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73532. [PMID: 24086284 PMCID: PMC3781120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using quantitative PCR-based miRNA arrays, we comprehensively analyzed the expression profiles of miRNAs in human and mouse embryonic stem (ES), induced pluripotent stem (iPS), and somatic cells. Immature pluripotent cells were purified using SSEA-1 or SSEA-4 and were used for miRNA profiling. Hierarchical clustering and consensus clustering by nonnegative matrix factorization showed two major clusters, human ES/iPS cells and other cell groups, as previously reported. Principal components analysis (PCA) to identify miRNAs that segregate in these two groups identified miR-187, 299-3p, 499-5p, 628-5p, and 888 as new miRNAs that specifically characterize human ES/iPS cells. Detailed direct comparisons of miRNA expression levels in human ES and iPS cells showed that several miRNAs included in the chromosome 19 miRNA cluster were more strongly expressed in iPS cells than in ES cells. Similar analysis was conducted with mouse ES/iPS cells and somatic cells, and several miRNAs that had not been reported to be expressed in mouse ES/iPS cells were suggested to be ES/iPS cell-specific miRNAs by PCA. Comparison of the average expression levels of miRNAs in ES/iPS cells in humans and mice showed quite similar expression patterns of human/mouse miRNAs. However, several mouse- or human-specific miRNAs are ranked as high expressers. Time course tracing of miRNA levels during embryoid body formation revealed drastic and different patterns of changes in their levels. In summary, our miRNA expression profiling encompassing human and mouse ES and iPS cells gave various perspectives in understanding the miRNA core regulatory networks regulating pluripotent cells characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Razila Abdul Razak
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tominaga M, Michiue T, Ishikawa T, Kawamoto O, Oritani S, Ikeda K, Ogawa M, Maeda H. Postmortem Analyses of Drugs in Pericardial Fluid and Bone Marrow Aspirate. J Anal Toxicol 2013; 37:423-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkt047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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45
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Goto T, Michiue T, Ito Y, Asashima M. Characterization of CXC-type chemokine molecules in early Xenopus laevis development. Int J Dev Biol 2013; 57:41-7. [PMID: 23585351 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.120223ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine molecules play important roles in the immune system. However, several chemokine molecules are expressed during early development before the immune system is established. Using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and overexpression of chemokine molecules, we identified and characterized Xenopus laevis CXC-type chemokine ligands (XCXCL13L1, XCXCL13L2, XCXCLa, XCXCLb, XCXCLd, and XCXCLe) and receptors (XCXCR1/2, XCXCR3, XCXCR5, XCXCR6, and XCXCRa) during early development. The CXC-type ligands have low identity with genes for human CXC ligands (CXCL). With the exception of XCXCRa, the CXC receptors (CXCR) identified in the present study had high (40%65%) identity with human CXCR genes. Although the expression patterns for the CXCL and CXCR genes differed, transcript levels for all genes were very low during early embryogenesis. Overexpression of XCXCL13L1, XCXCL13L2, XCXCLa, XCXCR3, XCXCR6, and XCXCRa interfered with gastrulation and neural fold closure. The results of the present study suggest that several chemokine molecules are related to cell movements during early morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Goto
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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46
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Ninomiya N, Michiue T, Asashima M, Kurisaki A. BMP signaling regulates the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into lung epithelial cell lineages. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 49:230-7. [PMID: 23468359 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Somatic stem/progenitor cells are known to be present in most adult tissues. However, those in the lung have limited abilities for tissue regeneration after serious damage as a result of chronic disease. Therefore, regenerative medicine using exogenous stem cells has been suggested for the treatment of progressive lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis. Embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, with their potent differentiation abilities, are promising sources for the generation of various tissue cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of various differentiation-inducing growth factors on the differentiation of lung cells from ES cells in vitro. Several factors, including activin, nodal, and noggin, significantly promoted the induction of Nkx2.1-positive lung progenitor cells when cells were cultured as embryoid bodies. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 signaling controls the lineage commitment of lung cells along the proximal-distal axis. BMP4 promotes the induction of distal cell lineages of alveolar bud, such as Clara cells and mucus-producing goblet cells. These results suggest that several developmentally essential factors, including nodal/activin and BMP signaling, are important in the control of the differentiation of lung epithelial cells from mouse ES cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Ninomiya
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Tominaga M, Ishikawa T, Michiue T, Oritani S, Koide I, Kuramoto Y, Ogawa M, Maeda H. Postmortem Analyses of Gaseous and Volatile Substances in Pericardial Fluid and Bone Marrow Aspirate. J Anal Toxicol 2013; 37:147-51. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkt004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tanibe M, Ishiura SI, Asashima M, Michiue T. xCOUP-TF-B regulates xCyp26 transcription and modulates retinoic acid signaling for anterior neural patterning in Xenopus. Int J Dev Biol 2012; 56:239-44. [DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.113482mt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yamagishi M, Ito Y, Ariizumi T, Komazaki S, Danno H, Michiue T, Asashima M. Claudin5 genes encoding tight junction proteins are required for Xenopus heart formation. Dev Growth Differ 2011; 52:665-75. [PMID: 20887567 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2010.01204.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Claudin proteins are the major components of tight junctions connecting adjacent cells, where they regulate a variety of cellular activities. In the present paper we identified two Xenopus claudin5 genes (cldn5a and 5b), which are expressed early in the developing cardiac region. Precocious cldn5 expression was observed in explants of non-heart-forming mesoderm under inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway. Cardiogenesis was severely perturbed by antisense oligonucleotides against cldn5 or by Cldn5 proteins lacking the cytoplasmic domain. Results of light- and electron-microscopic observations suggested that cldn5a and 5b are required for Xenopus heart tube formation through epithelialization of the precardiac mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamagishi
- Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering (SCRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 305-3962, Japan
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Aihara Y, Hayashi Y, Hirata M, Ariki N, Shibata S, Nagoshi N, Nakanishi M, Ohnuma K, Warashina M, Michiue T, Uchiyama H, Okano H, Asashima M, Furue MK. Induction of neural crest cells from mouse embryonic stem cells in a serum-free monolayer culture. Int J Dev Biol 2011; 54:1287-94. [PMID: 20711997 DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.103173ya] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a group of cells located in the neural folds at the boundary between the neural and epidermal ectoderm. NC cells differentiate into a vast range of cells,including neural cells, smooth muscle cells, bone and cartilage cells of the maxillofacial region, and odontoblasts. The molecular mechanisms underlying NC induction during early development remain poorly understood. We previously established a defined serum-free culture condition for mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells without feeders. Here, using this defined condition, we have developed a protocol to promote mES cell differentiation into NC cells in an adherent monolayer culture. We found that adding bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 together with fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 shifts mES cell differentiation into the NC lineage. Furthermore, we have established a cell line designated as P0-6 that is derived from the blastocysts of P0-Cre/Floxed-EGFP mice expressing EGFP in an NC-lineage-specific manner. P0-6 cells cultured using this protocol expressed EGFP. This protocol could be used to help clarify the mechanisms by which cells differentiate into the NC lineage and to assist the development of applications for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Aihara
- Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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