1
|
Gorecki L, Markova A, Hepnarova V, Zivna N, Junova L, Hrabinova M, Janousek J, Kobrlova T, Prchal L, Jun D, Soukup O, Horn G, Worek F, Marek J, Korabecny J. Uncharged mono- and bisoximes: In search of a zwitterion to countermeasure organophosphorus intoxication. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110941. [PMID: 38493910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The current study imposes a new class of organophosphorus (OP)-inhibited cholinesterase reactivators by conceptualizing a family of asymmetric bisoximes with various reactivating scaffolds. Several novel nucleophilic warheads were investigated, putting forward 29 novel reactivating options, by evaluating their nucleophilicity and ability to directly decompose OP compounds. Adopting the so-called zwitterionic strategy, 17 mono-oxime and nine bisoxime reactivators were discovered with major emphasis on the bifunctional-moiety approach. Compounds were compared with clinically used standards and other known experimentally highlighted reactivators. Our results clearly favor the concept of asymmetric bisoximes as leading reactivators in terms of efficacy and versatility. These top-ranked compounds were characterized in detail by reactivation kinetics parameters and evaluated for potential CNS availability. The highlighted molecules 55, 57, and 58 with various reactivating warheads, surpassed the reactivating potency of pralidoxime and several notable uncharged reactivators. The versatility of lead drug candidate 55 was also inspected on OP-inhibited butyrylcholinesterase, revealing a much higher rate compared to existing clinical antidotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gorecki
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Aneta Markova
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hospital Pharmacy, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Zivna
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Junova
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Janousek
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriele Horn
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstrasse 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstrasse 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Marek
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- University of Defence, Military Faculty of Medicine, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Novak M, Vajrychova M, Koutsilieri S, Sismanoglou DC, Kobrlova T, Prchal L, Svobodova B, Korabecny J, Zarybnicky T, Raisova-Stuchlikova L, Skalova L, Lauschke VM, Kučera R, Soukup O. Tacrine First-Phase Biotransformation and Associated Hepatotoxicity: A Possible Way to Avoid Quinone Methide Formation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1993-2002. [PMID: 37622522 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Tacrine was withdrawn from clinical use as a drug against Alzheimer's disease in 2013, mainly due to drug-induced liver injury. The culprit of tacrine-associated hepatotoxicity is believed to be the 7-OH-tacrine metabolite, a possible precursor of quinone methide (Qmeth), which binds to intracellular -SH proteins. In our study, several different animal and human models (liver microsomes, primary hepatocytes, and liver slices) were used to investigate the biotransformation and hepatotoxicity of tacrine and its 7-substituted analogues (7-methoxy-, 7-phenoxy-, and 7-OH-tacrine). Our goal was to find the most appropriate in vitro model for studying tacrine hepatotoxicity and, through rational structure modifications, to develop derivatives of tacrine that are less prone to Qmeth formation. Our results show that none of animal models tested accurately mimic human tacrine biotransformation; however, the murine model seems to be more suitable than the rat model. Tacrine metabolism was overall most accurately mimicked in three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cultures of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). In this system, tacrine and 7-methoxytacrine were hydroxylated to 7-OH-tacrine, whereas 7-phenoxytacrine formed, as expected, only trace amounts. Surprisingly, however, our study showed that 7-OH-tacrine was the least hepatotoxic (7-OH-tacrine < tacrine < 7-methoxytacrine < 7-phenoxytacrine) even after doses had been adjusted to achieve the same intracellular concentrations. The formation of Qmeth-cysteine and Qmeth-glutathione adducts after human liver microsome incubation was confirmed by all of the studied tacrine derivatives, but these findings were not confirmed after incubation with 3D PHH spheroids. Therefore, the presented data call into question the suggested previously hypothesized mechanism of toxicity, and the results open new avenues for chemical modifications to improve the safety of novel tacrine derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Novak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vajrychova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Stefania Koutsilieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Svobodova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Zarybnicky
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Raisova-Stuchlikova
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Skalova
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Radim Kučera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pulkrabkova L, Muckova L, Hrabinova M, Sorf A, Kobrlova T, Jost P, Bezdekova D, Korabecny J, Jun D, Soukup O. Differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as a model for evaluation of nerve agent-associated neurotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2209-2217. [PMID: 37221426 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) involving life-threatening nerve agents (NA) have been known for several decades. Despite a clear mechanism of their lethality caused by the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and manifested via overstimulation of peripheral nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors, the mechanism for central neurotoxicity responsible for acute or delayed symptoms of the poisoning has not been thoroughly uncovered. One of the reasons is the lack of a suitable model. In our study, we have chosen the SH-SY5Y model in both the differentiated and undifferentiated state to study the effects of NAs (GB, VX and A234). The activity of expressed AChE in cell lysate assessed by Ellman's method showed 7.3-times higher activity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells in contrast to undifferentiated cells, and with no involvement of BuChE as proved by ethopropazine (20 µM). The activity of AChE was found to be, in comparison to untreated cells, 16-, 9.3-, and 1.9-times lower upon A234, VX, and GB (100 µM) administration respectively. The cytotoxic effect of given OPs expressed as the IC50 values for differentiated and undifferentiated SH-SY5Y, respectively, was found 12 mM and 5.7 mM (A234), 4.8 mM and 1.1 mM (VX) and 2.6 mM and 3.8 mM (GB). In summary, although our results confirm higher AChE expression in the differentiated SH-SY5Y cell model, the such higher expression does not lead to a more pronounced NA cytotoxic effect. On the contrary, higher expression of AChE may attenuate NA-induced cytotoxicity by scavenging the NA. Such finding highlights a protective role for cholinesterases by scavenging Novichoks (A-agents). Second, we confirmed the mechanism of cytotoxicity of NAs, including A-agents, can be ascribed rather to the non-specific effects of OPs than to AChE-mediated effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Sorf
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jost
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Bezdekova
- Department of Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Ruska 2411/87, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Benek O, Vaskova M, Miskerikova M, Schmidt M, Andrys R, Rotterova A, Skarka A, Hatlapatkova J, Karasova JZ, Medvecky M, Hroch L, Vinklarova L, Fisar Z, Hroudova J, Handl J, Capek J, Rousar T, Kobrlova T, Dolezal R, Soukup O, Aitken L, Gunn-Moore F, Musilek K. Development of submicromolar 17β-HSD10 inhibitors and their in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115593. [PMID: 37390508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17β-HSD10) is a multifunctional mitochondrial enzyme and putative drug target for the treatment of various pathologies including Alzheimer's disease or some types of hormone-dependent cancer. In this study, a series of new benzothiazolylurea-based inhibitors were developed based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of previously published compounds and predictions of their physico-chemical properties. This led to the identification of several submicromolar inhibitors (IC50 ∼0.3 μM), the most potent compounds within the benzothiazolylurea class known to date. The positive interaction with 17β-HSD10 was further confirmed by differential scanning fluorimetry and the best molecules were found to be cell penetrable. In addition, the best compounds weren't found to have additional effects for mitochondrial off-targets and cytotoxic or neurotoxic effects. The two most potent inhibitors 9 and 11 were selected for in vivo pharmacokinetic study after intravenous and peroral administration. Although the pharmacokinetic results were not fully conclusive, it seemed that compound 9 was bioavailable after peroral administration and could penetrate into the brain (brain-plasma ratio 0.56).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Benek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Vaskova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Miskerikova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Rotterova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Skarka
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hatlapatkova
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zdarova Karasova
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Medvecky
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University of Warwick, Bioinformatics Research Technology Platform, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Hroch
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vinklarova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fisar
- Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hroudova
- Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Handl
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Studentska 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Capek
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Studentska 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Rousar
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Studentska 573, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Aitken
- University of St. Andrews, School of Biology, Biomedical Science Research Complex, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Gunn-Moore
- University of St. Andrews, School of Biology, Biomedical Science Research Complex, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Kamil Musilek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gorecki L, Muthna D, Merdita S, Andrs M, Kucera T, Kobrlova T, Rezacova M, Korabecny J. Abstract 1411: Utilizing 7-azaindoles, 2,7-diazaindoles, and 1 H-pyrazoles as core structures for novel cancer chemosensitizers. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A quickly developing chemoresistance is the hallmark of the standard treatment failure and the poor patient prognosis. Resistance is often connected to the overexpression of the specific kinases that are involved in DNA damage response. Contrary, their inhibition could lead to augmented cancer cell sensitization to conventional approach. Among them, ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR), the major replication stress responder, is one of the most attractive target. Within this study our aim was to find novel chemosensitizing agents for the cancer treatment employment. Inspired by clinical candidates targeting ATR, we designed and prepared large library of 40 novel compounds utilizing 7-azaindoles, 2,7-diazaindoles, and 1H-pyrazoles as core structures. Initially, our presumption to have ATR inhibitors were confirmed by molecular dynamic study. All the compounds alone or in combination with cisplatin were screened against panel of nine cancer cell lines and one healthy cell line. The results were compared with well-known ATR inhibitor VE-821. Several compounds significantly inhibit the cell viability and some were able to potentiate cisplatin effect. From structure-activity relationship point of view, 7-azaindoles were the most cytotoxic compounds when substituted in position 3 and 5. Contrary, 2,7-diazaindoles expressed the most potent chemosensitizing capabilities. 1H-Pyrazoles were the least potent compounds within this screen. Interestingly, the status of tumor suppressor protein p53 (defect in G1) did not significantly influence chemosensitization or cytotoxic effect. Three highlighted compounds 3, 22, and 29 were selected for Broad oncology panel screening containing 104 kinases which could be potentially targeted. Only compound 29, the 2,7-diazaindole representative, showed ATR inhibitory efficacy with the IC50 around 10 µM. In contrast, the compound 22, 7-azaindole and the most cytotoxic one, expressed the multi-kinase activity with the substantial inhibitory capability against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 protein (VEGFR-3). VEGFR-3 is also very attractive anticancer target with several inhibitors already approved. Finally, several compounds showed chemosensitizing potencies for temozolomide against secondary astrocytoma cell line. In overall, we showed that both, 7-azaindoles, and 2,7-diazaindoles, could be effectively utilized as novel anticancer agents. Whereas 2,7-diazaindoles could become efficient ATR inhibitors, 7-azaindoles have potential as antiangiogenics, VEGFR-3 inhibitors. Besides, both structures could be used for a glioblastoma treatment as temozolomide sensitizers. More research is currently ongoing to fully exploit potential of these compounds.
Citation Format: Lukas Gorecki, Darina Muthna, Sara Merdita, Martin Andrs, Tomas Kucera, Tereza Kobrlova, Martina Rezacova, Jan Korabecny. Utilizing 7-azaindoles, 2,7-diazaindoles, and 1H-pyrazoles as core structures for novel cancer chemosensitizers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1411.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gorecki
- 1University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Sara Merdita
- 1University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Andrs
- 1University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- 3University defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jan Korabecny
- 1University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Juza R, Vojtechova I, Stefkova-Mazochova K, Dehaen W, Petrasek T, Prchal L, Kobrlova T, Janousek J, Vlcek P, Mezeiova E, Svozil D, Karasova JZ, Pejchal J, Stark H, Satala G, Bojarski AJ, Kubacka M, Mogilski S, Randakova A, Musilek K, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Novel D2/5-HT receptor modulators related to cariprazine with potential implication to schizophrenia treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
7
|
Gorecki L, Uliassi E, Bartolini M, Janockova J, Hrabinova M, Hepnarova V, Prchal L, Muckova L, Pejchal J, Karasova JZ, Mezeiova E, Benkova M, Kobrlova T, Soukup O, Petralla S, Monti B, Korabecny J, Bolognesi ML. Phenothiazine-Tacrine Heterodimers: Pursuing Multitarget Directed Approach in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1698-1715. [PMID: 33852284 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2002, no clinical candidate against Alzheimer's disease has reached the market; hence, an effective therapy is urgently needed. We followed the so-called "multitarget directed ligand" approach and designed 36 novel tacrine-phenothiazine heterodimers which were in vitro evaluated for their anticholinesterase properties. The assessment of the structure-activity relationships of such derivatives highlighted compound 1dC as a potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with IC50 = 8 nM and 1aA as a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor with IC50 = 15 nM. Selected hybrids, namely, 1aC, 1bC, 1cC, 1dC, and 2dC, showed a significant inhibitory activity toward τ(306-336) peptide aggregation with percent inhibition ranging from 50.5 to 62.1%. Likewise, 1dC and 2dC exerted a remarkable ability to inhibit self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. Notwithstanding, in vitro studies displayed cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells and cerebellar granule neurons; no pathophysiological abnormality was observed when 1dC was administered to mice at 14 mg/kg (i.p.). 1dC was also able to permeate to the CNS as shown by in vitro and in vivo models. The maximum brain concentration was close to the IC50 value for acetylcholinesterase inhibition with a relatively slow elimination half-time. 1dC showed an acceptable safety and good pharmacokinetic properties and a multifunctional biological profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gorecki
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jana Janockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Z. Karasova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Konecny J, Misiachna A, Hrabinova M, Pulkrabkova L, Benkova M, Prchal L, Kucera T, Kobrlova T, Finger V, Kolcheva M, Kortus S, Jun D, Valko M, Horak M, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Pursuing the Complexity of Alzheimer's Disease: Discovery of Fluoren-9-Amines as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors and N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010003. [PMID: 33375115 PMCID: PMC7822176 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex disorder with unknown etiology. Currently, only symptomatic therapy of AD is available, comprising cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Drugs targeting only one pathological condition have generated only limited efficacy. Thus, combining two or more therapeutic interventions into one molecule is believed to provide higher benefit for the treatment of AD. In the presented study, we designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated 15 novel fluoren-9-amine derivatives. The in silico prediction suggested both the oral availability and permeation through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). An initial assessment of the biological profile included determination of the cholinesterase inhibition and NMDA receptor antagonism at the GluN1/GluN2A and GluN1/GluN2B subunits, along with a low cytotoxicity profile in the CHO-K1 cell line. Interestingly, compounds revealed a selective butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition pattern with antagonistic activity on the NMDARs. Their interaction with butyrylcholinesterase was elucidated by studying enzyme kinetics for compound 3c in tandem with the in silico docking simulation. The docking study showed the interaction of the tricyclic core of new derivatives with Trp82 within the anionic site of the enzyme in a similar way as the template drug tacrine. From the kinetic analysis, it is apparent that 3c is a competitive inhibitor of BChE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Konecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Anna Misiachna
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (M.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Vladimir Finger
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marharyta Kolcheva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (M.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Kortus
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (M.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (M.K.); (S.K.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (J.K.); Tel.: +420-495-833-447 (O.S. & J.K.)
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.H.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (D.J.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.P.); (T.K.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (J.K.); Tel.: +420-495-833-447 (O.S. & J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rossi M, Petralla S, Protti M, Baiula M, Kobrlova T, Soukup O, Spampinato SM, Mercolini L, Monti B, Bolognesi ML. α-Linolenic Acid-Valproic Acid Conjugates: Toward Single-Molecule Polypharmacology for Multiple Sclerosis. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2406-2413. [PMID: 33329762 PMCID: PMC7734798 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Multiple
sclerosis (MS) is a complex inflammatory, degenerative,
and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Although
treatments exist, MS cannot be cured by available drugs, which primarily
target neuroinflammation. Thus, it is feasible that a well concerted
polypharmacological approach able to act at multiple points within
the intricate network of inflammation, neurodegeneration, and demyelination/remyelination
pathways would succeed where other drugs have failed. Starting from
reported beneficial effects of α-linolenic acid (ALA) and valproic
acid (VPA) in MS, and by applying a rational strategy, we developed
a small set of codrugs obtained by conjugating VPA and ALA through
proper linkers. A cellular profiling identified 1 as
a polypharmacological tool able not only to modulate microglia polarization,
but also to counteract neurodegeneration and demyelination and induce
oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation, by acting on multiple
biochemical and epigenetic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Protti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Baiula
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, CZ-500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, CZ-500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Santi Mario Spampinato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mezeiova E, Janockova J, Konecny J, Kobrlova T, Benkova M, Dolezal R, Prchal L, Karasova-Zdarova J, Soukup O, Korabecny J. From orexin receptor agonist YNT-185 to novel antagonists with drug-like properties for the treatment of insomnia. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104179. [PMID: 32891860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
YNT-185 is the first known small molecule acting as orexin 2 receptor (OX2R) agonist with implication to narcolepsy treatment, served as a template scaffold in generating a small set of seven compounds with predictive affinity to OX2R. The design of the new small molecules was driven mostly by improving physicochemical properties of the parent drug YNT-185 in parallel with in silico studies, later suggesting their favorable binding modes within the active site of OX2R. We obtained seven new potential OX2R binders that were evaluated in vitro for their CNS availability, cytotoxicity, and behavior pattern on OX2R. Out of them, 15 emerged as the most potent modulator of OX2R, which, contrary to YNT-185, displayed inverse mode of action, i.e. antagonist profile. 15 was also submitted to an in vivo experiment revealing its ability to permeate through BBB into the brain with a short half-life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Konecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Karasova-Zdarova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kaniakova M, Nepovimova E, Kleteckova L, Skrenkova K, Holubova K, Chrienova Z, Hepnarova V, Kucera T, Kobrlova T, Vales K, Korabecny J, Soukup O, Horak M. Combination of Memantine and 6-Chlorotacrine as Novel Multi-Target Compound against Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:821-833. [PMID: 30819076 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190228122218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. It is characterized as a multi-factorial disorder with a prevalent genetic component. Due to the unknown etiology, current treatment based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) antagonist is effective only temporary. It seems that curative treatment will necessarily be complex due to the multifactorial nature of the disease. In this context, the so-called "multi-targeting" approach has been established. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) combining the support for the cholinergic system by inhibition of AChE and at the same time ameliorating the burden caused by glutamate excitotoxicity mediated by the NMDAR receptors. METHODS We have applied common approaches of organic chemistry to prepare a hybrid of 6-chlorotacrine and memantine. Then, we investigated its blocking ability towards AChE and NMDRS in vitro, as well as its neuroprotective efficacy in vivo in the model of NMDA-induced lessions. We also studied cytotoxic potential of the compound and predicted the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. RESULTS A novel molecule formed by combination of 6-chlorotacrine and memantine proved to be a promising multipotent hybrid capable of blocking the action of AChE as well as NMDARs. The presented hybrid surpassed the AChE inhibitory activity of the parent compound 6-Cl-THA twofold. According to results it has been revealed that our novel hybrid blocks NMDARs in the same manner as memantine, potently inhibits AChE and is predicted to cross the blood-brain barrier via passive diffusion. Finally, the MTDL design strategy was indicated by in vivo results which showed that the novel 6-Cl-THA-memantine hybrid displayed a quantitatively better neuroprotective effect than the parent compound memantine. CONCLUSION We conclude that the combination of two pharmacophores with a synergistic mechanism of action into a single molecule offers great potential for the treatment of CNS disorders associated with cognitive decline and/or excitotoxicity mediated by NMDARs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kaniakova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kleteckova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Skrenkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Holubova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Zofia Chrienova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Godyń J, Gucwa D, Kobrlova T, Novak M, Soukup O, Malawska B, Bajda M. Novel application of capillary electrophoresis with a liposome coated capillary for prediction of blood-brain barrier permeability. Talanta 2020; 217:121023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
13
|
Kobrlova T, Soukup O. Effect of P-glycoprotein on the availability of oxime reactivators in the brain. Toxicology 2020; 443:152541. [PMID: 32835730 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The ability to overcome cellular barriers in the body is crucial for efficient delivery of drugs to the target where intervention is needed. For drugs acting in the brain it is essential to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Such drugs include antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate poisoning, a current warfare and terroristic threat. Being lipophilic compounds, organophosphates readily penetrate the brain and block the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). They cause severe symptoms which may have fatal consequences. A major drawback of currently available oxime reactivators is their inability to reactivate AChE in the central nervous system (CNS) as they are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. An important obstacle preventing many drugs from reaching their therapeutic target in the brain is the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), whose function is to prevent the penetration of potentially harmful substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P-gp on the permeation of oximes into the brain. The study of this interaction was carried out on the CACO-2 cell line, stably expressing P-gp. As it turned out, P-gp has no essential influence on the central availability of clinically used oxime reactivators within this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sobolova K, Hrabinova M, Hepnarova V, Kucera T, Kobrlova T, Benkova M, Janockova J, Dolezal R, Prchal L, Benek O, Mezeiova E, Jun D, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Discovery of novel berberine derivatives with balanced cholinesterase and prolyl oligopeptidase inhibition profile. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112593. [PMID: 32688201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Berberine, a naturally occurring compound, possesses an interesting multipotent pharmacological profile potentially applicable for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. In this study, a series of novel 22 berberine derivatives was developed and tested in vitro. Berberine core was substituted at position 9-O of its aromatic ring region. All the hybrids under the study revealed multi-targeted profile inhibiting prolyl oligopeptidase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase highlighting 4a, 4g, 4j, 4l and 4s possessing balanced activities in the micromolar range. The top-ranked candidates in terms of the most pronounced potency against POP, AChE and BChE can be classified as 4d, 4u and 4v, bearing 4-methylbenzyl, (naphthalen-2-yl)methylene and 1-phenoxyethyl moieties, respectively. In vitro data were corroborated by detailed kinetic analysis of the selected lead molecules. 4d, 4u and 4v were also inspected for their potential to inhibit aggregation of two abberant proteins in AD, namely amyloid beta and tau, indicating their potential disease-modifying properties. To explain the results of our study, we carried out docking simulation to the active sites of the respective enzyme with the best berberine derivatives, along with QSAR study. We also investigated compounds' potential permeability through blood-brain barrier by applying parallel artificial membrane permeation assay and addressed their cytotoxicity profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Sobolova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Department of Military Medical Service Organisation and Management, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Malek R, Arribas RL, Palomino-Antolin A, Totoson P, Demougeot C, Kobrlova T, Soukup O, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Diez-Iriepa D, Godyń J, Panek D, Malawska B, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Siwek A, Chabchoub F, Marco-Contelles J, Kiec-Kononowicz K, Egea J, de los Ríos C, Ismaili L. New Dual Small Molecules for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy Combining Histamine H3 Receptor (H3R) Antagonism and Calcium Channels Blockade with Additional Cholinesterase Inhibition. J Med Chem 2019; 62:11416-11422. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rim Malek
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Pôle de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR Santé, 19, Rue Ambroise Paré, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry: Heterocycles, Lipids and Polymers, University of Sfax, B. P 802, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Raquel L. Arribas
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teofilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Palomino-Antolin
- Instituto Teofilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Laboratory, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Perle Totoson
- EA4267 PEPITE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Celine Demougeot
- EA4267 PEPITE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, CZ-500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital CZ-500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, CZ-500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital CZ-500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Daniel Diez-Iriepa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Fakher Chabchoub
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry: Heterocycles, Lipids and Polymers, University of Sfax, B. P 802, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, IQOG, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Egea
- Instituto Teofilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Laboratory, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristóbal de los Ríos
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teofilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Pôle de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR Santé, 19, Rue Ambroise Paré, F-25000 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kobrlova T, Korabecny J, Soukup O. Current approaches to enhancing oxime reactivator delivery into the brain. Toxicology 2019; 423:75-83. [PMID: 31112674 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The misuse of organophosphate compounds still represents a current threat worldwide. Treatment of poisoning with organophosphates (OPs) remains unsatisfactorily resolved despite the extensive investment in research in academia. There are no universal, effective and centrally-active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators to countermeasure OP intoxication. One major obstacle is to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The central compartment is readily accessible by the OPs which are lipophilic bullets that can easily cross the BBB, whereas first-line therapeutics, namely oxime-based AChE reactivators and atropine, do not cross or do so rather slowly. The limitation of oxime-based AChE reactivators can be ascribed to their chemical nature, bearing a positive charge which is essential either for their AChE affinity or their reactivating potency. The aim of this article is to review the methods for targeting the brain by oxime reactivators that have been developed so far. Approaches using prodrugs, lipophilicity enhancement, or sugar-based oximes have been rather unsuccessful. However, other strategies have been more promising, such as the use of nanoparticles or co-administration of the reactivator with efflux transporter inhibitors. Encouraging results have also been associated with intranasal delivery, but research in this field is still at the beginning. Further research of auspicious approaches is inevitable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Soares Romeiro LA, da Costa Nunes JL, de Oliveira Miranda C, Simões Heyn Roth Cardoso G, de Oliveira AS, Gandini A, Kobrlova T, Soukup O, Rossi M, Senger J, Jung M, Gervasoni S, Vistoli G, Petralla S, Massenzio F, Monti B, Bolognesi ML. Novel Sustainable-by-Design HDAC Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:671-676. [PMID: 30996816 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a global problem, with an estimation of the majority of dementia patients in low- and middle-income countries by 2050. Thus, the development of sustainable drugs has attracted much attention in recent years. In light of this, taking inspiration from the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat (1), we develop the first HDAC inhibitors derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), an inexpensive agro-food waste material. CNSL derivatives 8 and 9 display a HDAC inhibitory profile similar to 1, together with a more promising safety for 9 compared to 1. Moreover, both compounds and particularly 9 were able to effectively modulate glial cell-induced inflammation and to revert the pro-inflammatory phenotype. All these results demonstrate that the use of inexpensive food waste materials could be successfully applied for the development of accessible and sustainable drug candidates for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário
Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
- LADETER, Catholic University of Brasilia, QS 07, Lote 01,
EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Larissa da Costa Nunes
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário
Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Camila de Oliveira Miranda
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário
Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Simões Heyn Roth Cardoso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário
Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Andressa Souza de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário
Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Annachiara Gandini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Prion Biology, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 00 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 00 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michele Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Johanna Senger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Silvia Gervasoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Massenzio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nepovimova E, Janockova J, Misik J, Kubik S, Stuchlik A, Vales K, Korabecny J, Mezeiova E, Dolezal R, Soukup O, Kobrlova T, Pham NL, Nguyen TD, Konecny J, Kuca K. Orexin supplementation in narcolepsy treatment: A review. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:961-975. [PMID: 30426515 DOI: 10.1002/med.21550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Narcolepsy is a rare, chronic neurological disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, vivid hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy occurs in approximately 1 of 3000 people, affecting mainly adolescents aged 15 to 30 years. Recently, people with narcolepsy were shown to exhibit extensive orexin/hypocretin neuronal loss. The orexin system regulates sleep/wake control via complex interactions with monoaminergic, cholinergic and GABA-ergic neuronal systems. Currently, no cure for narcolepsy exists, but some symptoms can be controlled with medication (eg, stimulants, antidepressants, etc). Orexin supplementation represents a more sophisticated way to treat narcolepsy because it addresses the underlying cause of the disease and not just the symptoms. Research on orexin supplementation in the treatment of sleep disorders has strongly increased over the past two decades. This review focuses on a brief description of narcolepsy, the mechanisms by which the orexin system regulates sleep/wake cycles, and finally, possible therapeutic options based on orexin supplementation in animal models and patients with narcolepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Misik
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Kubik
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Stuchlik
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vales
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ngoc Lam Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Thuy Duong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Konecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Janockova J, Dolezal R, Nepovimova E, Kobrlova T, Benkova M, Kuca K, Konecny J, Mezeiova E, Melikova M, Hepnarova V, Ring A, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112926. [PMID: 30423961 PMCID: PMC6278354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptides, orexin A and orexin B (also known as hypocretins), are produced in hypothalamic neurons and belong to ligands for orphan G protein-coupled receptors. Generally, the primary role of orexins is to act as excitatory neurotransmitters and regulate the sleep process. Lack of orexins may lead to sleep disorder narcolepsy in mice, dogs, and humans. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder of alertness characterized by a decrease of ability to manage sleep-wake cycles, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other symptoms, such as cataplexy, vivid hallucinations, and paralysis. Thus, the discovery of orexin receptors, modulators, and their causal implication in narcolepsy is the most important advance in sleep-research. The presented work is focused on the evaluation of compounds L1–L11 selected by structure-based virtual screening for their ability to modulate orexin receptor type 2 (OX2R) in comparison with standard agonist orexin-A together with their blood-brain barrier permeability and cytotoxicity. We can conclude that the studied compounds possess an affinity towards the OX2R. However, the compounds do not have intrinsic activity and act as the antagonists of this receptor. It was shown that L4 was the most potent antagonistic ligand to orexin A and displayed an IC50 of 2.2 µM, offering some promise mainly for the treatment of insomnia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Janockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Konecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Melikova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Avi Ring
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Gunnar Randersvei 42, 2007 Kjeller, Norway.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Soukup O, Korabecny J, Malinak D, Nepovimova E, Pham NL, Musilek K, Hrabinova M, Hepnarova V, Dolezal R, Pavek P, Jost P, Kobrlova T, Jankockova J, Gorecki L, Psotka M, Nguyen TD, Box K, Outhwaite B, Ceckova M, Sorf A, Jun D, Kuca K. In vitro and in silico Evaluation of Non-Quaternary Reactivators of AChE as Antidotes of Organophosphorus Poisoning - a New Hope or a Blind Alley? Med Chem 2018; 14:281-292. [PMID: 29332594 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180112105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, the concept of uncharged reactivators potentially able to penetrate the CNS has been introduced as an alternative to the classic charged oxime reactivators. However, this concept brings with it several associated drawbacks such as higher lipophilicity, difficulty in administration, lower affinity to cholinesterases, and higher toxicity risk. OBJECTIVE In this study, we compare data obtained for a set of five classic charged reactivators and a set of three recently published uncharged oximes supplemented by two novel ones. METHODS This time, we used only in silico prediction and in vitro approaches. RESULTS Our data showed that tested uncharged oximes have low affinity for cholinesterases, do not possess high reactivation potency, and certainly represent a greater toxicity risk due to higher lipophilicity. We assume that balanced physicochemical properties will be required for the successful treatment of OP poisoning. Nevertheless, the compound meeting such criteria and pinpointed in silico (K1280) failed in this particular case. CONCLUSION From the presented data, it seems that the concept of uncharged reactivators will have to be modified, at least to improve the bioavailability and to satisfy requirements for in vivo administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ngoc L Pham
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmaceutical Faculty, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jost
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Jankockova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Gorecki
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Psotka
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Thuy D Nguyen
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Karl Box
- Sirius Analytical Ltd, Forest Row, East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martina Ceckova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmaceutical Faculty, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Sorf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmaceutical Faculty, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
De Simone A, Bartolini M, Baschieri A, Apperley KYP, Chen HH, Guardigni M, Montanari S, Kobrlova T, Soukup O, Valgimigli L, Andrisano V, Keillor JW, Basso M, Milelli A. Hydroxy-substituted trans-cinnamoyl derivatives as multifunctional tools in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:378-389. [PMID: 28810189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial pathology that requires multifaceted agents able to address its peculiar nature. In recent years, a plethora of proteins and biochemical pathways has been proposed as possible targets to counteract neurotoxicity. Although the complex scenario is not completely elucidated, close relationships are emerging among some of these actors. In particular, increasing evidence has shown that aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and oxidative stress are strictly interconnected and their concomitant modulation may have a positive and synergic effect in contrasting AD-related impairments. We designed compound 3 which demonstrated the ability to inhibit both GSK-3β (IC50 = 24.36 ± 0.01 μM) and Aβ42 self-aggregation (IC50 = 9.0 ± 1.4 μM), to chelate copper (II) and to act as exceptionally strong radical scavenger (kinh = 6.8 ± 0.5 · 105 M-1s-1) even in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 (kinh = 3.2 ± 0.5 · 105 M-1s-1). Importantly, compound 3 showed high-predicted blood-brain barrier permeability, did not exert any significant cytotoxic effects in immature cortical neurons up to 50 μM and showed neuroprotective properties at micromolar concentration against toxic insult induced by glutamate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela De Simone
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Baschieri
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kim Y P Apperley
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Huan Huan Chen
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Melissa Guardigni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Serena Montanari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Tereza Kobrlova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Jeffrey W Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Manuela Basso
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|