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Araujo-Castro M, García Sanz I, Mínguez Ojeda C, Hanzu F, Mora M, Vicente A, Blanco Carrera C, Miguel Novoa PD, López García MDC, Lamas C, Manjón-Miguélez L, Del Castillo Tous M, Rodríguez de Vera P, Barahona San Millán R, Recasens M, Fernández-Ladreda MT, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lazaro C, Michalopoulou T, Álvarez Escolá C, García Centeno R, Calatayud M. Risk factors for intraoperative hypertensive crisis in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas. J Hypertens 2024; 42:252-259. [PMID: 37851004 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify presurgical and surgical risk factors for intraoperative hypertensive crisis in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PGLs) (PPGLs). METHODS Retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with PPGLs from 18 tertiary hospitals. Intraoperative hypertensive crisis was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than 200 mmHg lasting more than 1 min and postoperative hypertensive crisis as SBP greater than 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than 110 mmHg. RESULTS A total of 296 surgeries were included. Alpha presurgical blockade was employed in 93.2% of the cases and beta-adrenergic in 53.4%. Hypertensive crisis occurred in 20.3% ( n = 60) of the surgeries: intraoperative crisis in 56 and postoperative crisis in 6 cases (2 cases had both types of crises). We identified as risk factors of intraoperative hypertensive crisis, absence of presurgical glucocorticoid therapy (odds ratio [OR] 3.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-10.12) higher presurgical SBP (OR 1.22 per each 10 mmHg, 95% CI 1.03-1.45), a larger tumor size (OR 1.09 per each 10 mm, 95% CI 1.00-1.19) and absence of oral sodium repletion (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.25-5.35). Patients with hypertensive crisis had a higher rate of intraoperative bleeding ( P < 0.001), of intraoperative hemodynamic instability ( P < 0.001) and of intraoperative hypotensive episodes ( P < 0.001) than those without hypertensive crisis. CONCLUSION Intraoperative hypertensive crisis occurs in up to 20% of the PPGL resections. Patients not pretreated with glucocorticoid therapy before surgery, with larger tumors and higher presurgical SBP and who do not receive oral sodium repletion have a higher risk for developing hypertensive crisis during and after PPGL surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Araujo-Castro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid
- University of Alcalá
| | - Iñigo García Sanz
- General & Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa
| | | | - Felicia Hanzu
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona
| | - Mireia Mora
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona
| | - Almudena Vicente
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo
| | | | | | | | - Cristina Lamas
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Albacete
| | - Laura Manjón-Miguélez
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Oviedo
| | | | | | | | - Mónica Recasens
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona
| | | | - Nuria Valdés
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Asturias
| | | | | | | | | | | | - María Calatayud
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Araujo-Castro M, García Sanz I, Mínguez Ojeda C, Hanzu F, Mora M, Vicente A, Blanco Carrera C, de Miguel Novoa P, López García MDC, Lamas C, Manjón-Miguélez L, del Castillo Tous M, Rodríguez de Vera P, Barahona San Millán R, Recasens M, Tomé Fernández-Ladreda M, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lazaro C, Michalopoulou T, Álvarez Escolá C, García Centeno R, Barca-Tierno V, Herrera-Martínez AD, Calatayud M. Local recurrence and metastatic disease in pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1279828. [PMID: 38155946 PMCID: PMC10753179 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1279828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the rate of recurrence among patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PGLs; together PPGLs) and to identify predictors of recurrence (local recurrence and/or metastatic disease). Methods This retrospective multicenter study included information of 303 patients with PPGLs in follow-up in 19 Spanish tertiary hospitals. Recurrent disease was defined by the development of local recurrence and/or metastatic disease after initial complete surgical resection. Results A total of 303 patients with PPGLs that underwent 311 resections were included (288 pheochromocytomas and 15 sympathetic PGLs). After a median follow-up of 4.8 years (range 1-19), 24 patients (7.9%) had recurrent disease (3 local recurrence, 17 metastatic disease and 4 local recurrence followed by metastatic disease). The median time from the diagnosis of the PPGL to the recurrence was of 11.2 months (range 0.5-174) and recurrent disease cases distributed uniformly during the follow-up period. The presence of a pathogenic variant in SDHB gene (hazard ratio [HR] 13.3, 95% CI 4.20-41.92), higher urinary normetanephrine levels (HR 1.02 per each increase in standard deviation, 95% CI 1.01-1.03) and a larger tumor size (HR 1.01 per each increase in mm, 95% CI 1.00-1.02) were independently associated with disease recurrence. Conclusion The recurrence of PPGLs occurred more frequently in patients with SDHB mutations, with larger tumors and with higher urinary normetanephrine levels. Since PPGL recurrence may occur at any time after the initial PPGL diagnosis is performed, we recommend performing a strict follow-up in all patients with PPGLs, especially in those patients with a higher risk of recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Araujo-Castro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo García Sanz
- General & Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Felicia Hanzu
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Mora
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Vicente
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Paz de Miguel Novoa
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Lamas
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Manjón-Miguélez
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - María del Castillo Tous
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pablo Rodríguez de Vera
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Recasens
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Valdés
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Biobizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Paola Gracia Gimeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Royo Villanueva, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Robles Lazaro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Rogelio García Centeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - María Calatayud
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Araujo-Castro M, Paja Fano M, Pla Peris B, González Boillos M, Pascual-Corrales E, García-Cano AM, Parra Ramírez P, Rojas-Marcos PM, Ruiz-Sanchez JG, Vicente A, Gómez-Hoyos E, Ferreira R, García Sanz I, Recasens M, Barahona San Millan R, Picón César MJ, Díaz Guardiola P, Perdomo C, Manjón L, García-Centeno R, Percovich JC, Rebollo Román Á, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lázaro C, Morales M, Calatayud M, Collao SAF, Meneses D, Sampedro Nuñez MA, Escudero Quesada V, Ribas EM, Sanmartín Sánchez A, Diaz CG, Lamas C, Guerrero-Vázquez R, del Castillo Tous M, Serrano J, Michalopoulou T, Moya Mateo EM, Hanzu F. Autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with primary aldosteronism: prevalence and implications on cardiometabolic profile and on surgical outcomes. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230043. [PMID: 37410097 PMCID: PMC10448600 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) and its implications on cardiometabolic and surgical outcomes. Methods This is a retrospective multicenter study of PA patients who underwent 1 mg dexamethasone-suppression test (DST) during diagnostic workup in 21 Spanish tertiary hospitals. ACS was defined as a cortisol post-DST >1.8 µg/dL (confirmed ACS if >5 µg/dL and possible ACS if 1.8-5 µg/dL) in the absence of specific clinical features of hypercortisolism. The cardiometabolic profile was compared with a control group with ACS without PA (ACS group) matched for age and DST levels. Results The prevalence of ACS in the global cohort of patients with PA (n = 176) was 29% (ACS-PA; n = 51). Ten patients had confirmed ACS and 41 possible ACS. The cardiometabolic profile of ACS-PA and PA-only patients was similar, except for older age and larger tumor size of the adrenal lesion in the ACS-PA group. When comparing the ACS-PA group (n = 51) and the ACS group (n = 78), the prevalence of hypertension (OR 7.7 (2.64-22.32)) and cardiovascular events (OR 5.0 (2.29-11.07)) was higher in ACS-PA patients than in ACS patients. The coexistence of ACS in patients with PA did not affect the surgical outcomes, the proportion of biochemical cure and clinical cure being similar between ACS-PA and PA-only groups. Conclusion Co-secretion of cortisol and aldosterone affects almost one-third of patients with PA. Its occurrence is more frequent in patients with larger tumors and advanced age. However, the cardiometabolic and surgical outcomes of patients with ACS-PA and PA-only are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Araujo-Castro
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Paja Fano
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, Hospital Universitario de Basurton & Basque Country University, Medicine Department, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Begoña Pla Peris
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - Marga González Boillos
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - Eider Pascual-Corrales
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paola Parra Ramírez
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Almudena Vicente
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Emilia Gómez-Hoyos
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rui Ferreira
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo García Sanz
- Department of General & Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Recasens
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | - María José Picón César
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, IBIMA Malaga, Spain CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz Guardiola
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Perdomo
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Manjón
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rogelio García-Centeno
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Percovich
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Rebollo Román
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paola Gracia Gimeno
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Rollo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Robles Lázaro
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Complejo Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department-CDB, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Calatayud
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego Meneses
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Mena Ribas
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Alicia Sanmartín Sánchez
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Cesar Gonzalvo Diaz
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario De Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Cristina Lamas
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario De Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | - Joaquín Serrano
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Felicia Hanzu
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Clinic, IDIPAS, Barcelona, Spain
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Araujo-Castro M, García Sanz I, Mínguez Ojeda C, Calatayud M, Hanzu FA, Mora M, Vicente Delgado A, Carrera CB, de Miguel Novoa P, Del Carmen López García M, Manjón-Miguélez L, Rodríguez de Vera Gómez P, Del Castillo Tous M, Barahona San Millán R, Recansens M, Fernández-Ladreda MT, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lazaro C, Michalopoulou T, Gómez Dos Santos V, Alvarez-Escola C, García Centeno R, Lamas C, Herrera-Martínez A. An Integrated CT and MRI Imaging Model to Differentiate between Adrenal Adenomas and Pheochromocytomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3736. [PMID: 37509397 PMCID: PMC10378495 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to perform an external validation of our predictive model to rule out pheochromocytoma (PHEO) based on unenhanced CT in a cohort of patients with PHEOs and adenomas who underwent adrenalectomy. METHODS The predictive model was previously developed in a retrospective cohort of 1131 patients presenting with adrenal lesions. In the present study, we performed an external validation of the model in another cohort of 214 patients with available histopathological results. RESULTS For the external validation, 115 patients with PHEOs and 99 with adenomas were included. Our previously described predictive model combining the variables of high lipid content and tumor size in unenhanced CT (AUC-ROC: 0.961) had a lower diagnostic accuracy in our current study population for the prediction of PHEO (AUC: 0.750). However, when we excluded atypical adenomas (with Hounsfield units (HU) > 10, n = 39), the diagnostic accuracy increased to 87.4%. In addition, in the whole cohort (including atypical adenomas), when MRI information was included in the model, the diagnostic accuracy increased to up to 85% when the variables tumor size, high lipid content in an unenhanced CT scan, and hyperintensity in the T2 sequence in MRI were included. The probability of PHEO was <0.3% for adrenal lesions <20 mm with >10 HU and without hyperintensity in T2. CONCLUSION Our study confirms that our predictive model combining tumor size and lipid content has high reliability for the prediction of PHEO when atypical adrenal lesions are excluded. However, for atypical adrenal lesions with >10 HU in an unenhanced CT scan, MRI information is necessary for a proper exclusion of the PHEO diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Araujo-Castro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Departmen, University of Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo García Sanz
- General & Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - César Mínguez Ojeda
- Urology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Calatayud
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felicia A Hanzu
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Mora
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Concepción Blanco Carrera
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paz de Miguel Novoa
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Laura Manjón-Miguélez
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - María Del Castillo Tous
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Recansens
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, 17001 Girona, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Valdés
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, 33394 Asturias, Spain
| | - Paola Gracia Gimeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Royo Villanova, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Robles Lazaro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rogelio García Centeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Lamas
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Aura Herrera-Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Reina Sofía Hospital, 31500 Córdoba, Spain
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Araujo-Castro M, García Sanz I, Mínguez Ojeda C, Calatayud M, Hanzu F, Mora M, Vicente A, Blanco Carrera C, De Miguel Novoa P, López García MDC, Manjón-Miguélez L, Rodríguez de Vera P, Del Castillo Tous M, Barahona San Millán R, Recasens M, Tomé Fernández-Ladreda M, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lazaro C, Michalopoulou T, Álvarez Escolá C, García Centeno R, Lamas C. Differences in intraoperative and surgical outcomes between normotensive pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PPGLs) and hypertensive PPGLs: results from the PHEO-RISK STUDY. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:805-814. [PMID: 36323983 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01954-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the intraoperative and surgical outcomes of normotensive pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PPGLs), hypertensive PPGLs and non-PPGL adrenal lesions. METHODS This a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with PPGLs from 18 tertiary hospitals. A control group of histologically confirmed adrenocortical adenomas (non-PPGL group) was selected to compare intraoperative and surgical outcomes with of the normotensive PPGLs. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-six surgeries performed in 289 patients with PPGLs were included. Before surgery, 209 patients were classified as hypertensive PPGLs (70.6%) and 87 as normotensive PPGLs. A higher proportion of normotensive PPGLs than hypertensive PPGLs did not receive alpha presurgical blockade (P = 0.009). When we only considered those patients who received presurgical alpha blockers (200 hypertensive PPGLs and 76 normotensive PPGLs), hypertensive PPGLs had a threefold higher risk of intraoperative hypertensive crisis (OR 3.0 [95% 1.3-7.0]) and of hypotensive episodes (OR 2.9 [95% CI 1.2-6.7]) than normotensive PPGLs. When we compared normotensive PPGLs (n = 76) and non-PPGLs (n = 58), normotensive PPGLs had a fivefold higher risk of intraoperative complications (OR 5.3 [95% CI 1.9-14.9]) and a six times higher risk of postoperative complications (OR 6.1 [95% CI 1.7-21.6]) than non-PPGLs. CONCLUSION Although the risk of intraoperative hypertensive and hypotensive episodes in normotensive PPGLs is significantly lower than in hypertensive PPGLs, normotensive PPGLs have a greater risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications than non-PPGL adrenal lesions. Therefore, it is recommended to follow the standard of care for presurgical and anesthetic management of PPGLs also in normotensive PPGLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Araujo-Castro
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Colmenar Viejo Street Km 9, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
| | - I García Sanz
- General and Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Mínguez Ojeda
- Urology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Calatayud
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Hanzu
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Mora
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Vicente
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - C Blanco Carrera
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - P De Miguel Novoa
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - L Manjón-Miguélez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - P Rodríguez de Vera
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - M Del Castillo Tous
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Macarena, Seville, Spain
| | - R Barahona San Millán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - M Recasens
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | - N Valdés
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Asturias, Spain
| | - P Gracia Gimeno
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Robles Lazaro
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - T Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - C Álvarez Escolá
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - R García Centeno
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Lamas
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
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Araujo-Castro M, Mínguez Ojeda C, García Sanz I, Calatayud M, Hanzu F, Mora M, Vicente A, Blanco Carrera C, De Miguel Novoa P, López García MDC, Lamas C, Manjón-Miguélez L, Del Castillo Tous M, Rodríguez de Vera P, Barahona San Millán R, Recasens M, Tomé Fernández-Ladreda M, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, Robles Lazaro C, Michalopoulou T, Parra Ramírez P, Marazuela M, Álvarez Escolá C, García Centeno R. Genetic study in pheochromocytoma ¿is it possible to stratify the risk of hereditary pheochromocytoma? Neuroendocrinology 2023:000529319. [PMID: 36693324 DOI: 10.1159/000529319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is estimated that 30-40% of patients with apparently sporadic pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) have an inherited predisposition syndrome. The aim of our study was to develop a predictive model of hereditary pheochromocytoma (PHEO) based on the clinical, hormonal, and radiological features present at the diagnosis of patients with PHEOs. METHODS A retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with PHEOs with available genetic study from 18 tertiary hospitals. Clinical, biochemical, and radiological features were used to build a multivariate logistic regression model. The estimation of all possible equations was used to select the model with the best diagnostic accuracy (lower Akaike index (AIC)). RESULTS A total of 245 patients were included: 169 (69.0%) patients with sporadic PHEOs and 76 (31%) with hereditary PHEOs. The parsimonious predictive model with the highest diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of hereditary PHEO combined the variables age, non-cardiovascular disease, urinary norepinephrine levels and tumor size. The area under the ROC curve of this model was of 0.800 (0.705-0.887). Based on the predictive model, the probability of hereditary PHEO in patients older than 60 years with cardiovascular disease, high levels of urinary norepinephrine and unilateral PHEOs >60 mm was <2%. And if the age was above 80 years, lower than 1%. The probability of sporadic PHEO linearly increased with age (MH Test for linear Trend: Chi2(1) = 30.05; P<0.001) Conclusion: In certain populations such as old patients with cardiovascular disease, with high levels of urinary norepinephrine and large tumors in which the probability of hereditary PHEO is very low, genetic testing could be avoided in the absence of specific suspicion.
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Araujo-Castro M, Mínguez Ojeda C, García Centeno R, López-García MC, Lamas C, Hanzu FA, Mora M, Del Castillo Tous M, Rodríguez de Vera Gómez P, Parra Ramírez P, Alvarez-Escola C, Blanco Carrera C, Barahona San Millán R, Recasens M, Valdés N, Gracia Gimeno P, de Miguel Novoa P, Vicente A, Manjón L, García Sanz I, Michalopoulou T, Calatayud M. Glycemic disorders in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:645-655. [PMID: 36069783 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of glycemic disorders (diabetes mellitus and prediabetes) in patients with pheochromocytomas and sympathetic paragangliomas (PPGLs) and identify risk factors for their development and the likelihood of their resolution after surgery. A multicentric retrospective study of patients with PPGLs submitted to surgery between 2000 and 2021 in 17 Spanish hospitals was performed. Diabetes-specific data were collected at diagnosis, in the immediate- and long-term postsurgical follow-up. A total of 229 patients with PPGLs were included (218 with pheochromocytomas and 11 with sympathetic paragangliomas). Before surgery, glycemic disorders were diagnosed in 35.4% of the patients (n = 81): 54 with diabetes and 27 with prediabetes. The variables independently associated with a higher risk of glycemic disorders were sporadic PPGL (odds ratio (OR) = 3.26 (1.14-9.36)) and hypertension (OR = 3.14 (1.09-9.01)). A significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels was observed after surgery, in the short-term and long-term follow-up (P < 0.001). After a median follow-up of 48.5 months (range 3.3-168.9), after surgery, 52% of diabetic and 68% of prediabetic patients experienced a complete resolution. Lower body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.001), lower glucose levels (P = 0.047) and shorter duration of diabetes prior to surgery (P = 0.021) were associated with a higher probability of diabetes resolution. In conclusion, glycemic disorders in patients with PPGLs are present in more than a third of them at diagnosis. Sporadic PPGLs and hypertension are risk factors for their development. More than 50% of cases experience a complete resolution of the glycemic disorder after resection of the PPGLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Araujo-Castro
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rogelio García Centeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Lamas
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Mireia Mora
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Del Castillo Tous
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Paola Parra Ramírez
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Mónica Recasens
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Institut Català de la Salut Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Nuria Valdés
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Asturias, Spain
| | - Paola Gracia Gimeno
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paz de Miguel Novoa
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Vicente
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Manjón
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA)
| | - Iñigo García Sanz
- General & Digestive Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Calatayud
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Calvo E, Keiran N, Núñez-Roa C, Maymó-Masip E, Ejarque M, Sabadell-Basallote J, Del Mar Rodríguez-Peña M, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Seco J, Benaiges E, Michalopoulou T, Jorba R, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. Effects of stem cells from inducible brown adipose tissue on diet-induced obesity in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13923. [PMID: 34230537 PMCID: PMC8260805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are a promising option for the treatment of obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities. Despite the recent identification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a potential target in the management of obesity, the use of ASCs isolated from BAT as a therapy for patients with obesity has not yet been explored. Metabolic activation of BAT has been shown to have not only thermogenic effects, but it also triggers the secretion of factors that confer protection against obesity. Herein, we isolated and characterized ASCs from the visceral adipose tissue surrounding a pheochromocytoma (IB-hASCs), a model of inducible BAT in humans. We then compared the anti-obesity properties of IB-hASCs and human ASCs isolated from visceral white adipose tissue (W-hASCs) in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. We found that both ASC therapies mitigated the metabolic abnormalities of obesity to a similar extent, including reducing weight gain and improving glucose tolerance. However, infusion of IB-hASCs was superior to W-hASCs in suppressing lipogenic and inflammatory markers, as well as preserving insulin secretion. Our findings provide evidence for the metabolic benefits of visceral ASC infusion and support further studies on IB-hASCs as a therapeutic option for obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Calvo
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Keiran
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jesús Seco
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Benaiges
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rosa Jorba
- Servei de Cirurgia General I de L'Aparell Digestiu, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Servei D'Endocrinologia I Nutrició I Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), c/ Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- CIBER de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Ruiz A, Michalopoulou T, Megia A, Näf S, Simón-Muela I, Solano E, Martínez L, Vendrell J. Accuracy of new recommendations for adrenal incidentalomas in the evaluation of excessive cortisol secretion and follow-up. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13048. [PMID: 30412278 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the 2016 European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) recommendations for the management of adrenal incidentalomas accurately classifies those patients who do not require further follow-up. DESIGN AND METHODS Single centre retrospective study. From 2010 to 2015, 130 patients with adrenal incidentaloma were evaluated and followed-up. Clinical, analytical and radiological data were recorded and the presence of comorbidities was assessed. Patients were grouped as nonfunctional or subclinical Cushing syndrome according to American guidelines; and nonfunctional, possible autonomous cortisol secretion and autonomous cortisol secretion, according to ESE guidelines. RESULTS Based on American guidelines, 94% of patients had nonfunctional adrenal incidentalomas and 6% had subclinical Cushing syndrome. Based on ESE guidelines, patients were classified into nonfunctional (54%), possible autonomous cortisol secretion (40%) and autonomous cortisol secretion (6%) groups. No differences were observed in demographic characteristics and comorbidities between groups in either classification. Following ESE guidelines, no patient in the nonfunctional group was reclassified into the possible autonomous or autonomous cortisol secretion groups during follow-up, but one patient in the possible autonomous cortisol secretion group was reclassified into the autonomous cortisol secretion group. Also, 30 patients included in the groups of possible autonomous or autonomous cortisol secretion experienced progression of a comorbidity associated with cortisol excess, with diabetes mellitus as the most frequent comorbidity observed. CONCLUSION Although adrenal incidentalomas with an excess of cortisol secretion were more frequently diagnosed with the new ESE recommendations, patients who did not require longer follow-up after first evaluation were accurately classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruiz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Megia
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia Näf
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Simón-Muela
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esther Solano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain.,IISPV, Ciberdem, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
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Christina C, Gerodimou E, Maria Salourou GT, Michalopoulou T, Manolidou Z. 1362: Coronary disease and alcohol consumption; a divergent relation. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2007.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chrisochoou Christina
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Euaggelia Gerodimou
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodora Michalopoulou
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharoula Manolidou
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Greece
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Karafillidou M, Triadafillou-Kipourou G, Salourou M, Sarakatsanou M, Michalopoulou T, Gerodimou E. 1216: The Impact of Factors of Risk, which Predispose to Coronary Artery Disease, on the Ippokratio Hospital Employees. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2003. [DOI: 10.1177/147451510300200116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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