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Katsanou ES, Batakis P, Spyropoulou A, Schreiber E, Bovee T, Torrente M, Gómez MM, Kumar V, Domingo JL, Machera K. Maternal exposure to mixtures of dienestrol, linuron and flutamide. Part II: Endocrine-related gene expression assessment on male offspring rat testes. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111603. [PMID: 32738380 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) during pregnancy and early development can lead to adverse developmental outcomes in offspring. One of the endpoints of concern is feminization. The present study aimed to investigate for any possible correlations with endocrine sensitive parameters in the testes of male rat offspring following dam exposure to three EDCs by assessing the expression of endocrine-related genes. Dienestrol (DIES) [0.37-6.25 μg/kg bw/day], linuron (LIN) [1.5-50 mg/kg bw/day], flutamide (FLU) [3.5-50 mg/kg bw/day] as well as their binary mixtures were administered to sexually mature female rats from gestation day (GD) 6 until postnatal day (PND) 21. Gene expression analysis of Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b2, Pgr and Insl3 was performed by RT-qPCR. Administration of the anti-androgen FLU alone significantly upregulated Cyp11a1 and Cyp17a1 gene expression while administration of LIN and DIES alone did not alter significantly gene expression. The effects of the binary mixtures on gene expression were not as marked as those seen after single compound administrations. Deregulation of Cyp17a1 in rat pup testis, following administration of FLU alone or in mixtures to dams, was significantly correlated with the observed feminization endpoints in male pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrosini S Katsanou
- Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Batakis
- Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Spyropoulou
- Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Elga Schreiber
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Toine Bovee
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Department of Bioassays and Biosensors, WUR, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Margarita Torrente
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Research Center in Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Mercedes Gómez
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Analysis and Management Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain; IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Luis Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Kyriaki Machera
- Laboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece.
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Schreiber E, Garcia T, González N, Esplugas R, Sharma RP, Torrente M, Kumar V, Bovee T, Katsanou ES, Machera K, Domingo JL, Gómez M. Maternal exposure to mixtures of dienestrol, linuron and flutamide. Part I: Feminization effects on male rat offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 139:111256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Eberini I, Palazzolo L, Peijnenburg A, Guerrini U, Parravicini C, Moretto A, Bovee T. In silico prioritization for endocrine active substances (EAS) and their in vitro validation. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Levy W, Henkelmann B, Bernhöft S, Bovee T, Buegger F, Jakobi G, Kirchner M, Bassan R, Kräuchi N, Moche W, Offenthaler I, Simončič P, Weiss P, Schramm KW. Persistent aryl hydrocarbon receptor inducers increase with altitude, and estrogen-like disrupters are low in soils of the Alps. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2011; 18:99-110. [PMID: 20574780 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-010-0361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil samples from remote Alpine areas were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution gas spectrometry. Additionally, the EROD micro-assay and a genetically modified yeast estrogen bioassay were carried out to determine persistent aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) and estrogen receptors (ER) agonists, respectively. Regarding the AhR agonists, the toxicity equivalents of analytical and EROD determined values were compared, targeting both altitude of samples and their soil organic content. The ratio between bioassay derived equivalents and analytical determinations suggested no significant contribution of unknown AhR inducers in these sampling sites and some antagonism in soils with relatively high PCB loading. More CYP1A1 expression was induced at the highest sites or about 1400-1500 m a.s.l. along the altitude profiles. Surprisingly, no clear tendencies with the soil organic content were found for dioxin-like compounds. Mean values obtained in the present study were for ER agonists, 2: 0.37±0.12ng 17ß-estradiol EQ g-1 dry soil [corrected] and 6.1 ± 4.2 pg TCDD-EQ g⁻¹ dry soil for AhR agonists. CONCLUSION Low bioassay responses with a higher relative amount of ER disrupters than AhR inducers were detected,indicating the higher abundance of estrogen-like than persistent dioxin-like compounds in these forested areas [corrected].
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Affiliation(s)
- Walkiria Levy
- Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Peijnenburg A, Riethof-Poortman J, Baykus H, Portier L, Bovee T, Hoogenboom R. AhR-agonistic, anti-androgenic, and anti-estrogenic potencies of 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) as determined by in vitro bioassays and gene expression profiling. Toxicol In Vitro 2010; 24:1619-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Cantón R, Bovee T, Daamen F, van Duursen M, van den Berg M. In Vitro antiandrogenicity of PBDEs, HBCD, TBP and hydroxylated and methoxylated PBDEs based on a yeast bioassay. Chem Biol Interact 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hoogenboom R, Bovee T, Traag W, Hoogerbrugge R, Baumann B, Portier L, van de Weg G, de Vries J. The use of the DR CALUX bioassay and indicator polychlorinated biphenyls for screening of elevated levels of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in eel. Mol Nutr Food Res 2006; 50:945-57. [PMID: 17009214 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200600061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The DR CALUX bioassay is a very suitable screening method for dioxins and dioxin-like-PCBs in feed and food. This was, e. g. demonstrated in a survey in the Netherlands to control the dioxin levels in eel. The DR CALUX assay, but also indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were evaluated as a screening method. Based on the limit for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) [at that time 8 pg toxic equivalents (TEQ)/g eel], and the relation between PCDD/F and dioxin-like-PCB, a decision limit of 30 pg TEQ/g eel was used for screening of 153 field samples. Suspected samples (21) and part of the higher contaminated negative samples (35) were analyzed by GC/MS for dioxins, non-ortho, mono-ortho and indicator PCB, revealing 13 samples exceeding the action limit of 30 pg TEQ/g eel. Only one sample slightly exceeded the dioxin level of 8 pg TEQ/g eel. The relatively low sensitivity for mono-ortho PCB was overcome by the use of reference samples, as shown by the correlation of 0.93 between GC/MS and CALUX determined total TEQ levels. The present data show that the DR CALUX assay can be used for screening of total TEQ levels in eel. The use for dioxins only requires a safe, and therefore relatively low, decision limit. The indicator PCB also showed a good correlation with total TEQ levels, mainly due to the large contribution of the mono-ortho PCB at higher concentrations. The relation with dioxins was very poor and as such indicator PCB seem less suitable than the DR CALUX assay for screening for dioxins only. The present study clearly shows that part of the wild eel samples contains high total TEQ levels and will exceed the future European Union limit of 12 pg TEQ/g eel for dioxins and dioxin-like PCB. Especially at high TEQ levels, dioxin-like PCB contribute most to the total TEQ. In practice, wild eel presents only a minor part of the eel consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Hoogenboom
- RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if buffered lidocaine provided a more effective nerve block in a short time than plain lidocaine for neonatal circumcision. METHODS One hundred ninety-four newborn males were studied in a randomized trial using two dorsal penile nerve block preparations for circumcision. Ninety-two received plain lidocaine, and 102 received buffered lidocaine. The infants were evaluated at timed intervals before the procedure, during anesthetic injection, and during circumcision. Objective measurements of heart rate and oxygen saturation, and subjective determinations of behavioral state were recorded. Using heart rate as the major outcome variable, it was determined that 65 subjects per group would be needed to achieve a power of .08. Complications also were noted. RESULTS Heart rates and oxygen saturations were similar in the two groups at each timed interval. The behavioral characteristics and amount of crying also were comparable in both groups. The only complication was minor bleeding, seen in each group. CONCLUSION Adding a buffering agent to lidocaine did not provide a more effective level of anesthesia in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Newton
- Blodgett Memorial Medical Center, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506, USA.
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