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Ji HZ, Liu B, Ren M, Li S, Zheng JF, Liu TY, Yu HH, Sun Y. The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis modulates the cross-communication between tumor-associated neutrophils and tumor cells in cervical cancer. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:559-569. [PMID: 38224014 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2305808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to check the expression profile of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)-C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) axis in cervical cancer and to explore the cross-talk between cervical cancer cells and neutrophils via CXCLs-CXCR2 axis. METHODS Available RNA-sequencing data based on bulk tissues and single-cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing data were used for bioinformatic analysis. Cervical cancer cell lines Hela and SiHa cells were utilized for in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS Except for neutrophils, CXCR2 mRNA expression is limited in other types of cells in the cervical tumor microenvironment. CXCLs bind to CXCR2 and are mainly expressed by tumor cells. CXCL1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8, which are consistently associated with neutrophil infiltration, are also linked to poor prognosis. SB225002 (a CXCR2 inhibitor) treatment significantly impairs SiHa cell-induced neutrophil migration. CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, or CXCL8 neutralized conditioned medium from SiHa cells have weaker recruiting effects. The conditioned medium of neutrophils from healthy donors can slow cancer cell proliferation. Conditioned medium of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can drastically enhance cervical cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis is critical in neutrophil recruitment and tumor cell proliferation in the cervical cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhou Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mi Ren
- Department of Oncological Nursing, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sang Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong-Yu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Chen DR, Zhang B, Yu YY, Liu TY, Li S, Liu XY. [Ulcer intraluminal isolation in refractory duodenal ulcer with bleeding]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:878-880. [PMID: 37709698 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20221115-00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
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Yan R, Guo SJ, An X, Jiang LJ, Liu TY, Xue T, Ma HL, Yao K, Shi YX, Han H. [Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant toripalimab combined with nimotuzumab and chemotherapy in patients with unresectable stage Ⅳ squamous cell carcinoma of penis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:1093-1099. [PMID: 36480877 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20220509-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone or combined with toripalimab and nimotuzumab in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of penis. Methods: A total of 33 patients with unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of penis undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone or combined with toripalimab and nimotuzumab at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from May 2015 to June 2021 were enrolled retrospectively. All the patients were male, with a median age (M(IQR))of 49.0 (13.5) years (range: 30 to 70 years). According to the therapy protocols, patients were divided into the chemotherapy group (16 cases) and the triple combination group (17 cases). Log-rank test was used to compare the progression-free survival and overall survival. χ2 test or Fisher exact method was used to compare the objective response rate, pathological down-stage rate and adverse events between these two groups. Results: The follow-up time was 28.1(19.2) months (range: 1.5 to 33.4 months). Patients of triple combination group were observed significantly longer progression-free survival (30.0 months vs. 8.2 months, χ²=3.998, P=0.046) than those of chemotherapy group. The median overall survival of the triple combination group and chemotherapy group were not reached and 15.2 months (χ²=3.298, P=0.069), respectively. Although there was no significant difference in the subsequent surgical resection rate between these two groups (12/17 vs.11/16, P=1), the objective response rate and the pathological complete response rate in triple combination group were significantly higher than in chemotherapy group (13/17 vs. 6/16, χ²=5.125, P=0.024; 6/7 vs. 0, P=0.001). The main common grade 1 to 2 adverse events in the triple combination group were alopecia (16 cases), anemia (15 cases), and nausea (14 cases). The main common grade 1 to 2 adverse events in the chemotherapy group were anemia (14 cases), alopecia (12 cases), decreased appetite (12 cases), and nausea (11 cases). The incidence of adverse events ≥grade 3 was similar in the triple combination group and chemotherapy group (8/17 vs. 6/16, χ²=0.308, P=0.579). There was no grade 3 adverse event in both groups. Conclusion: Compared with traditional chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy combined with toripalimab and nimotuzumab provides longer progression-free survival and similar toxicity for unresectable stage Ⅳ squamous cell carcinoma of penis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S J Guo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X An
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L J Jiang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - T Y Liu
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - T Xue
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H L Ma
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - K Yao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y X Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Zhou QZ, Liu TY, Wei YQ, Dong NN, Guo JF, Li P, Ji M, Niu YL, Wang YJ, Zhang ST. [The role of preventive pancreatic duct stent placement in preventing acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:990-993. [PMID: 35899354 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20211107-01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of pancreatic duct stent on acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. A retrospective analysis of the case data of patients who first underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for choledocholithiasis in the Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 for 5 years. According to whether the pancreatic duct stent was indwelled during the operation, they were divided into pancreatic duct stent group (147 cases) and non-indwelling pancreatic duct stent group (192 cases). The incidence of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was compared between the two groups according to COTTON criteria. Independent sample t test, Pearson Chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher's exact test were used to compare groups' differences. There were 2 cases of acute pancreatitis in the pancreatic duct stent group, all of which improved after 48 hours. There were 22 cases of acute pancreatitis in the non-indwelling pancreatic duct stent group, of which 20 cases improved within 48 hours, and the other 2 cases had severe pancreatitis, which improved and discharged after 30 days of treatment. There was significant difference in the incidence of acute pancreatitis between the pancreatic duct stenting group (1.4%) and the group without placement of pancreatic duct stents (11.5%) (χ²=12.905,P<0.001). In conclusion, Pancreatic duct stent may be an effective method to prevent PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Z Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - T Y Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y Q Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - N N Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J F Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - P Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - M Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y L Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y J Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S T Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Gastroenterology of Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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Liu TY, Tang CX, Zhou F, Li JH, Xu PP, Liu CY, Zhang LJ. [Effect of measurement sites on coronary computed tomography angiography-derived instantaneous wave-free ratio in the diagnosis of coronary stenosis ischemia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3208-3213. [PMID: 34689532 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210803-01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the influence of measurement sites on the diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) -derived instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFRCT) for coronary stenosis ischemia. Methods: A total of 44 patients, including 27 males and 17 females aged from 44 to 83 (59±90) years, who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the Department of Radiology, Eastern Theater Command General Hospital from February 2009 to May 2018 were retrospectively collected. Based on CCTA images, iFRCT values at different locations (stenosis, proximal downstream of stenosis, 2 cm downstream of stenosis, 3 cm downstream of stenosis, and 4 cm downstream of stenosis) were calculated through fluid mechanics simulation. With invasive FFR≤0.80 as the reference standard, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to analyze and evaluate the diagnostic performance of iFRCT in different sites. Bland-Altman and spearman correlation coefficient were used to analyze the consistency between iFRCT and invasive FFR. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and spearman correlation coefficient were used to test the repeatability of iFRCT. Results: iFRCT values at the proximal downstream of the stenosis (approximately 1 cm downstream of the stenosis) was superior to other measurement sites in the diagnosis of coronary ischemic specific stenosis. The threshold, area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of iFRCT at the stenosis were 0.91, 0.87 (95%CI:0.76~0.96), 82% (95%CI:48%~97%), 76% (95%CI:57%~88%) and 77% (95%CI: 63%~87%), respectively. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean differences between iFRCT and FFR at the proximal downstream of the stenosis was 0.07 (95%LoA: 0.06~0.09) and Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.53 (P<0.001). At the proximal downstream of the stenosis, the intraobserver ICC of iFRCT was 0.92 (95%CI: 0.85 ~0.95), the correlation coefficient was 0.85 (P<0.001); the interobserver ICC was 0.84 (95%CI: 0.60~0.94), correlation coefficient was 0.75 (P<0.001), demonstrating good repeatability between iFRCT and FFR. Conclusion: With the invasive FFR value as reference standard, iFRCT had a high diagnostic performance in detecting myocardial ischemia and the best measurement site was the proximal downstream of the stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University/Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - C X Tang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - J H Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - P P Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - C Y Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - L J Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University/Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
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Li JH, Tang CX, Liu TY, Chen YC, Zhou CS, Lu GM, Zhang JY, Zhang LJ, Yang G. [Association of coronary perivascular fat attenuation index, the parameters of plaque and fractional flow reserve]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3214-3220. [PMID: 34689533 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210414-00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association of coronary perivascular fat attenuation index (FAI), the parameters of plaque and fractional flow reserve (FFR). Methods: A total of 113 patients (with 141 plaques) (78 males and 35 females, age from 40 to 83 years) with stable coronary artery disease were retrospectively collected from Jingling Hospital and Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. All the patients underwent coronary CT angiography and invasive FFR examinations. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of plaque and vessel (such as the length and volume of plaque, the characteristics of plaque and high-risk plaque) and the FAI around the plaque were measured. The patients were divided into positive FAI group (n=46) and negative FAI group (n=66) according to the standard of whether the threshold of FAI≥ -70 HU. The quantitative indexes, including age, the length and volume of plaque, minimal lumen area (MLA) and FAI, as well as the qualitative indexed, including the characteristics of plaque, the number and characteristic of high-risk plaque and the number of patients and plaque with positive FFR were compared between the two groups. Further, logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation among myocardial ischemia, age, the length of plaque, minimal lumen area (MLA), FAI and so on. ROC curve was used for evaluating the performance of each parameter. Results: Compared to the negative FAI group, positive FAI group had lower MLA (2.00±1.33 mm2 vs 4.13±2.41 mm2, P<0.001). The proportion of patients and vessels with FFR<0.75 in positive FAI group were significantly higher than that in negative FAI group (21.3% vs 4.5%, P=0.006; 23.2% vs 8.2%, P=0.016). The FAI between high-risk plaque and non-high-risk plaque had no significant difference (21.2% vs 16.1%, P=0.451). FAI predicted myocardial ischemia (AUC=0.666, P=0.021) and significantly improved the prediction efficiency of complex model(0.915 vs 0.951,P=0.033). Conclusion: Lower MLA and higher incidence of myocardial ischemia were associated with patients with higher FAI. In addition, FAI has a certain prediction efficiency and can provide incremental value for the determination of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - C X Tang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - T Y Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Y C Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - C S Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - G M Lu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - L J Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Guifen Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command/Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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Wang TQ, Jia YQ, Liu TY, Liu YF, Cao ZP, Zhu BL. Application of Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Technology in the Detection of Total IgE of Hemolytic Blood after Death. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:337-340. [PMID: 32705846 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To investigate the treatment effect of hollow fiber ultrafiltration technology on hemolytic samples and the differences between IgE concentration and serum concentration before hemolysis in ultrafiltrate. Methods The 33 postmortem blood samples of non-frozen corpses within 72 hours after death were collected, 4 mL blood was taken from each case, among which 1 mL was centrifuged to get serum, and the remaining 3 mL blood was frozen-thawed 3-5 times to cause complete hemolysis. The 2 mL hemolytic samples were processed by hollow fiber ultrafiltration to obtain ultrafiltrate. The hemoglobin concentration in serum, complete hemolytic sample and ultrafiltrate was determined by Van-Zij solution-cyanated methemoglobin assay method, and the total IgE in serum and ultrafiltrate was determined by electrochemical luminescence method. Results The hemoglobin concentration in ultrafiltrate was significantly lower than that in complete hemolytic samples (P<0.05). There was a good correlation between the total IgE detection values of ultrafiltrate and serum (r=0.984). The difference between the serum and the value of IgE in ultrafiltrate after correction had no statistical significance, and the differences between the two in positive rates had no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion Ultrafiltration technology has a good treatment effect on complete hemolytic samples, and the correction value of ultrafiltrate detection is close to the serum level before hemolysis, and therefore, it can be applied to the detection of total IgE of frozen corpse hemolytic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Q Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Y Q Jia
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - T Y Liu
- The Third Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Y F Liu
- The Third Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Z P Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - B L Zhu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Sun XM, Zhang LL, Li S, Jiang HH, Xu JS, Xu S, Liu TY. [The clinical study of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential on three eye positions]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 55:395-399. [PMID: 32306639 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20190505-00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential on three different eye positions and to explore the appropriate eye position for oVEMP. Methods: 15 patients (30 ears) with vertigo who underwent oVEMP test from December 2017 to May 2018 were selected as the patient group, including seven males and eight females, with an average age of (51±13) years. Another 22 (44 ears) healthy young people were recruited into the control group, including 10 males and 12 females, with an average age of (23±5) years. oVEMPs were measured on the following three eye positions respectively: 30 degrees straight up(upper median position),45 degrees upper right(upper right position), and 45 degrees upper left(upper left position). oVEMP elicitation rate, oVEMP latencies, amplitudes and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 statistical software. Results: There was no statistical significance (P>0.05) in the oVEMP elicitation rate, oVEMP latency, amplitude and asymmetry ratio on the three eye positions among the control group, the patient group and the overall subjects. Conclusions: The three eye positions can be used to detect oVEMP in clinic. There is no difference in the extraction rate and waveform characteristics. When one of the eye positions is difficult to gaze or not easy to obtain the coincidence curve, the other two can be used to obtain the ideal oVEMP curves as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - L L Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - H H Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - J S Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - S Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - T Y Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
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Liu TY, Wang SY, Han FT, Wu QP. Rotation control of a variable-capacitance electrostatic motor for space equivalence principle tests with rotating masses. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:015003. [PMID: 32012593 DOI: 10.1063/1.5114679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Variable-capacitance electrostatic motors are ideal for driving the test mass in ultra-low-noise electrostatic accelerometers. Such devices are essential for testing the new equivalence principle (NEP) with rotating extended masses. However, as the air-film damping is greatly reduced by placing the sensor core assembly in a high-vacuum housing, this synchronous motor may easily fall out of step and suffer spin-up failures with traditional open-loop excitation. In this study, a synchronous electronic phase commutation scheme is proposed by sensing the three-phase position change of the rotor poles and activating the stator electrodes in careful correlation with the instantaneous rotor position. Experiments on a ground-test NEP instrument prototype show that the proposed closed-loop excitation scheme can spin-up the rotor synchronously and maintain stable constant-speed operation of this macroscale variable capacitance motor operated in a high-vacuum environment. This rotation control method is also applicable to the synchronous operation of micromachined variable-capacitance electrostatic motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - F T Han
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Q P Wu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Yu Y, Zhang YH, Xu ZY, Liu TY, Wang QX, Ou CB, Ma JY. Effects of IBDV infection on expression of ghrelin and ghrelin-related genes in chicken. Poult Sci 2019; 98:119-127. [PMID: 30107600 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that plays a modulatory role in the immune system. Studies have demonstrated that mammal ghrelin level is influenced by pathological status. However, it has not been reported whether chicken ghrelin level changes during pathogen infection. This study was designed to investigate changes of ghrelin levels in chickens infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and to explore the relationship between ghrelin changes and bursal damage, and inflammatory cells infiltration induced by IBDV. The results showed that (1) plasma ghrelin concentration increased after IBDV infection. It reached a peak at 10443.6 ± 2612.9 pg/mL on 2 dpi, which was about 100-fold as high as that of the control. Then it decreased sharply on 3 dpi, which was only 31.7% as that of 2 dpi, and remained stable until 5 dpi. Meanwhile, ghrelin and ghrelin-related gene, ghrelin-o-acyltransferase (GOAT), and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) mRNA expression levels in bursa were also increased after IBDV infection, and reached the peak on 2 dpi at 149, 28.8, and 117.2-fold higher than that of the control, respectively. Then they decreased and remained at a higher status. Correlation analysis showed that plasma ghrelin concentration and ghrelin, GOAT, and GHSR mRNA expressions in bursa were strongly associated with IBDV VP2 mRNA expression in bursa. (2) The damage of bursa was the most severe on 5 dpi with a histopathological score of 12. It had no direct correlation with plasma ghrelin level and ghrelin, GOAT, and GHSR mRNA expressions in bursa. However, the number of inflammatory cells infiltrating into bursa, which was the highest on 2 and 3 dpi, showed significant a positive correlation with the ghrelin and GHSR mRNA expression. Presumably chicken ghrelin may function as an anti-inflammatory factor. In conclusion, IBDV infection upregulates the expression of ghrelin and ghrelin-related gene in chickens, and chicken ghrelin may play an important regulatory role during pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Z Y Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - T Y Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Q X Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - C B Ou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - J Y Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
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11
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Liu TY, Wang SY, Han FT, Wu QP. Modeling and compensation of cross-axis coupling in an electrostatic accelerometer for testing the equivalence principle. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:124501. [PMID: 30599603 DOI: 10.1063/1.5041768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic accelerometers have extremely high sensitivity and are ideal scientific instruments for measuring very weak acceleration. In particular, a single-sensitive-axis electrostatic accelerometer can be used for testing the equivalence principle in space. Sensitive-axis capacitances formed by axial electrodes and a cylindrical proof mass vary with the axial motion of the mass and are also affected by radial motion, which results in cross-axis coupling disturbances. A quantitative model is built to analyze the cross-axis coupling effect on the sensitive axis from the radial suspension loop, including a nonlinear model for large radial motion and a linear model for small radial motion. Frequency response simulation shows that the cross-axis coupling effect for a small signal case arises mostly in the high-frequency range. Experiments are carried out with a ground-based electrostatic accelerometer made of a single, non-rotating test cylinder, and in this case, the experimental results are utilized to verify the mathematical model. Cross-axis coupling for small signal perturbations is virtually removed if the equilibrium position of the proof mass is calibrated to the null position of the sensor cage. In addition, data post-processing can further attenuate the cross-axis coupling disturbances when dealing with large radial motion. The cross-axis coupling disturbances on both the position and the acceleration measurement signals in the sensitive axis are mostly removed in ground-based experiments. The proposed model and compensation can be extended to space equivalence principle instruments and other electrostatic accelerometers with a cylindrical proof mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - F T Han
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Q P Wu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Liu TY, Chiu TL, Clarkson PA, Chow KW. A connection between the maximum displacements of rogue waves and the dynamics of poles in the complex plane. Chaos 2017; 27:091103. [PMID: 28964137 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rogue waves of evolution systems are displacements which are localized in both space and time. The locations of the points of maximum displacements of the wave profiles may correlate with the trajectories of the poles of the exact solutions from the perspective of complex variables through analytic continuation. More precisely, the location of the maximum height of the rogue wave in laboratory coordinates (real space and time) is conjectured to be equal to the real part of the pole of the exact solution, if the spatial coordinate is allowed to be complex. This feature can be verified readily for the Peregrine breather (lowest order rogue wave) of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. This connection is further demonstrated numerically here for more complicated scenarios, namely the second order rogue wave of the Boussinesq equation (for bidirectional long waves in shallow water), an asymmetric second order rogue wave for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (as evolution system for slowly varying wave packets), and a symmetric second order rogue wave of coupled Schrödinger systems. Furthermore, the maximum displacements in physical space occur at a time instant where the trajectories of the poles in the complex plane reverse directions. This property is conjectured to hold for many other systems, and will help to determine the maximum amplitudes of rogue waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - T L Chiu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - P A Clarkson
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7FS, United Kingdom
| | - K W Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Odendaal J, Kong VY, Sartorius B, Liu TY, Liu YY, Clarke DL. Mechanical complications of central venous catheterisation in trauma patients. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2017; 99:390-393. [PMID: 28462650 PMCID: PMC5449698 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central venous catheterisation (CVC) is a commonly performed procedure in a wide variety of hospital settings and is associated with appreciable morbidity. There is a paucity of literature focusing on mechanical complications specifically in the trauma setting. The aim of our study was to determine the spectrum of mechanical complications in a high-volume trauma centre in a developing world setting where ultrasound guidance was not available. METHODS A retrospective study was performed analysing data from a four-year period at the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service in South Africa. RESULTS A total of 178 mechanical complications (18%) occurred in 1,015 patients undergoing CVC: 117 pneumothoraces, 25 malpositions, 18 catheter dislodgements, 14 arterial cannulations, one air embolism, one chylothorax, one pleural cannulation and one retained guide-wire. The internal jugular vein (IJV) approach was associated with a higher overall complication rate than the subclavian vein (SCV) approach (24% vs. 13%, p<0.001). Pneumothorax (73% vs. 57%, p<0.001) and arterial cannulation (15% vs. 0%, p<0.001) were more common with the IJV. Catheter dislodgement (21% vs. 0%, p<0.001) was more common with the SCV. Junior doctors performed 66% of the CVCs and this was associated with a significantly higher complication rate (20% vs. 12%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS CVC carries appreciable morbidity, with pneumothorax being the most frequent mechanical complication. The SCV was the most commonly used approach at our institution. The majority of CVCs were performed by junior doctors and this was associated with a considerable complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Odendaal
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - V Y Kong
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - B Sartorius
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - T Y Liu
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Y Y Liu
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - D L Clarke
- Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Liu TY, Wu QP, Sun BQ, Han FT. Microgravity Level Measurement of the Beijing Drop Tower Using a Sensitive Accelerometer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31632. [PMID: 27530726 PMCID: PMC4987679 DOI: 10.1038/srep31632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drop tower is the most common ground-based facility to provide microgravity environment and widely used in many science experiments. A differential space accelerometer has been proposed to test the spin-gravity interaction between rotating extended bodies onboard a drag-free satellite. In order to assist design and test of this inertial sensor in a series of ground- based pre-flight experiments, it is very important to know accurately the residual acceleration of drop towers. In this report, a sensitive instrument for this purpose was built with a high-performance servo quartz accelerometer, and the dedicated interface electronics design providing small full-scale range and high sensitivity, up to 136.8 V/g0. The residual acceleration at the Beijing drop tower was measured using two different drop capsules. The experimental result shows that the microgravity level of the free-falling double capsule is better than 2 × 10−4g0 (Earth’s gravity). The measured data in this report provides critical microgravity information for design of the following ground experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Q P Wu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - B Q Sun
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - F T Han
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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15
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Liu D, Shen HM, Liang YC, Wang W, Liu TY, Shang CL, Yao SZ. [Clinical analysis of efficacy and quality of life of segmental bowel resection for bowel endometriosis]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:503-9. [PMID: 27465869 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and quality of life of segmental bowel resection for bowel endometriosis. METHODS Totally 62 symptomatic patients with bowel endometriosis undergoing segmental bowel resection were recruited. A visual analogue scale(VAS)and the 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)questionnaire were administered before and at least 1 year after surgery, respectively. Pregnancy rates were also recorded. RESULTS Sixty-two patients in total underwent follow-up ranging from 12 to 74 months. All patients complained of obvious pain symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pain on defecation and chronic pelvic pain. The relief of dysmenorrhea(2.9 ± 2.2 versus 7.5 ± 2.9), dyspareunia(0.7 ± 0.5 versus 4.3 ± 2.2)and pain on defecation(1.6 ± 0.7 versus 7.3 ± 1.9)after surgery was statistically significant(all P<0.01). The scores for all 8 domains of the SF-36 questionnaire were significant improved after segmental bowel resection(all P<0.01). The complication rate was 45%(28/62), including 18 cases of urinary retention, 4 rectovaginal fistulas, 2 cases of vaginal dehiscence, and 1 case each of thrombogenesis, pelvic abscess and general peritonitis. All of the patients with complications recovered well throughout follow-up. The postoperative pregnancy rate of the previous infertile patients was 6/10. Among the 6 gestational cases, 2 had labour, 2 underwent caesarean sections, one had a spontaneous natural abortion, and one underwent uterine curettage. CONCLUSION Segmental bowel resection could significantly relieve pain and improve quality of life for patients with bowel endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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16
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Feng GS, Song WQ, Lü YJ, Nie XL, Cai SY, Liu TY, Peng XX. [The application of Hoffmann method in the establishment of children's reference intervals of erythrocyte count]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:1742-1745. [PMID: 27356640 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.22.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the reliability and feasibility of Hoffmann method in establishing pediatric reference intervals (RI) of erythrocyte count. METHODS Three hundreds and ninty-two thousands of hospital-based data for erythrocyte count of children aged in 1 to 17, measured by the Sysmex Xs-800i, was collected from Beijing Children's Hospital during January to December 2014. Outliers were removed using the Dixon method, then Hoffmann method was conducted to establish the gender and age stratified pediatric RIs of erythrocyte count. The erythrocyte count of 2 217 healthy children, recruited from Beijing Children's Hospital and Liaocheng Children's Hospital in Shandong province, was conducted as normal reference to verify the reliability of Hoffmann method in establishing RIs and to compare with existing RIs. RESULTS In 4 subgroups as following, male aging 1 to 12 years, male aging 13 to 17 years, female aging 1 to 12 years, female aging 13 to 17 years, the RIs of erythrocyte count established using Hoffmann method were (4.1-5.4)×10(12)/L, (4.4-5.7)×10(12)/L, (4.0-5.3)×10(12)/L, (4.0-5.3)×10(12)/L, respectively. The verification results in 2 217 healthy children showed that the proportions of out of range in four subgroups were 6.17%, 8.81%, 6.22%, 7.78%, respectively. CONCLUSION Hoffmann method produce reliable RIs according with the actual situation in healthy children, which is also convenient and is worth popularizing in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Feng
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Evidence-based Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
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Liu TY, Zhang H, Du SM, Li J, Wen XH. Expression of microRNA-210 in tissue and serum of renal carcinoma patients and its effect on renal carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:15017746. [PMID: 26985942 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the expression of microRNA-210 (miR-210) in tissue and serum of renal carcinoma patients and its effect on renal carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Thirty-two renal carcinoma patients in our hospital were selected as the study group and 32 people receiving a physical examination were selected as the control group. miR-210 expression in the serum of renal carcinoma patients and in healthy subjects was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. After miR-210 overexpression and inhibition in ACHN cells in human renal carcinoma, ACHN cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and a transwell invasion assay. The expression of miR-210 was significantly higher in renal carcinoma than in corresponding paracarcinoma tissues (P < 0.001). The expression of miR-210 was significantly higher in the serum of renal carcinoma than in the control group (P < 0.001). ACHN cell proliferation and invasion were significantly increased and apoptosis was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) when miR-210 was overexpressed. ACHN cell proliferation and invasion were significantly decreased and apoptosis was significantly increased (P < 0.05) when miR-210 was inhibited. In conclusion, miR-210 was highly expressed in tissues and serum of renal carcinoma patients. miR-210 could promote the proliferation and invasion of renal carcinoma cells and inhibit the apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - S M Du
- Minor Operation Room, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Urology, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - X H Wen
- Department of Urology, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, China
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Young DL, Chen KH, Liu TY, Wu CS. Hypersingular meshless method using double-layer potentials for three-dimensional exterior acoustic problems. J Acoust Soc Am 2016; 139:529-540. [PMID: 26827046 DOI: 10.1121/1.4939895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional exterior acoustic problems with irregular domains are solved using a hypersingular meshless method. In particular, the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is used to formulate and analyze such acoustic problems. It is well known that source points for MFS cannot be located on the real boundary due to the singularity of the kernel functions. Thus, the diagonal terms of the influence matrices are unobtainable when source points are located on the boundary. An efficient approach is proposed to overcome such difficulties, when the MFS is used for three-dimensional exterior acoustic problems. This work is an extension of previous research on two-dimensional problems. The solution of the problem is expressed in terms of a double-layer potential representation on the physical boundary. Three examples are presented in which the proposed method is compared to the MFS and boundary element method. Good numerical performance is demonstrated by the proposed hypersingular meshless method.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Young
- Department of Civil Engineering and Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - K H Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Ilan University, Ilan 26047, Taiwan
| | - T Y Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering and Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C S Wu
- Department of Civil Engineering and Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Liu TY, Zhu YX, Ke PQ, He M, Liang YC, Yao SZ. An unusual ovarian neoplasm diagnosed in a patient with rupture of unicornuate uterus during pregnancy: a case report. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:732-735. [PMID: 29787022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Unicornuate uterus is a rare disease characterized with reduced fertility, and ovarian tumor diagnosed during pregnancy is uncommon as well. These two diseases have been reported separately. However, patient suffering from both diseases has never been reported before. The authors herein report a case of a 32-year-old Chinese woman presenting with a unicornuate uterus with no horn, who suffered from acute abdominal pain and intra-abdominal hemorrhage at 26 weeks gestation. Incidentally, a borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) and rupture of uterus were found during an urgent exploratory laparotomy. During the follow-up, ovarian tumor recurred in the first year after the operation. The authors suggest that BOT with micropapillary patterns should be paid much more attention to, other than only assessing the histological type. Furthermore, they also suggest that a slightly increased in serum CA-125 value should not be ignored.
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Liu B, Liu TY, Luo SW, Gong LZ. Asymmetric Hetero-Diels–Alder Reaction of Diazenes Catalyzed by Chiral Silver Phosphate: Water Participates in the Catalysis and Stereocontrol. Org Lett 2014; 16:6164-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503047s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tong-Yu Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shi-Wei Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liu-Zhu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Liu TY, Xie R, Luo L, Reilly KH, He C, Lin YZ, Chen G, Zheng XW, Zhang LL, Wang HB. Diagnostic validity of human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA test in cervical cytological samples. J Virol Methods 2014; 196:120-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Liu TY, Chen Y, Wang HH, Huang YL, Chao YC, Tsai KT, Cheng WC, Chuang CY, Tsai YH, Huang CY, Wang DW, Lin CH, Wang JK, Wang YL. Differentiation of bacteria cell wall using Raman scattering enhanced by nanoparticle array. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:5004-8. [PMID: 22905567 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We have fabricated surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates based on arrays of silver nanoparticles grown on porous anodic alumina templates. Using this nanotechnology platform, label-free and high-speed detection of bacteria are achieved. SERS spectra of various bacteria including Staphylococcus Aureus (Gram-positive bacterium), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (Gram-negative bacterium), and Mycobacterium Smegmatis (Mycobacterium) were recorded. The highly reproducible SERS-based technological platform is capable of differentiating different kinds of bacteria by PCA, LDA, clustering analysis, and SVM methods, which provides promising opportunity for biosensing of clinical microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Liu TY, Zhao L, Wang ZL. Removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater by Fe0-nanoparticles-chitosan composite beads: characterization, kinetics and thermodynamics. Water Sci Technol 2012; 66:1044-1051. [PMID: 22797233 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fe0-nanoparticles-chitosan composite beads (CS-NZVI beads) were prepared and used to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from wastewater. Characterization with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that with the increase of the concentration of CS from 5.0 to 20.0 g/L and NaOH from 0.5 to 2.0 mol/L, the average aperture size of the CS-NZVI beads decreased from 26.8 to 10.6 μm and 42.6 to 0.8 μm, respectively. Batch experiments revealed that the removal of Cr (VI) using CS-NZVI beads was consistent with pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. The rate constant increased with increasing NZVI dosage but decreased with the increase in pH values. The Freundlich isotherm described the adsorption process better, suggesting that the CS-NZVI beads were heterogeneous in the surface properties. At equilibrium qmax was 35.97 mg/g. The thermodynamics study suggested that Cr (VI) removal by CS-NZVI beads was an endothermic and spontaneous process, reflecting good affinity of the sorbent for Cr (VI) ions and increasing randomness at the solid-solution interface during the adsorption process. This result will be very useful to understand the effects of NZVI on heavy metal Cr (VI) removal from wastewater in the successful application.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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24
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Sugarman J, Corneli A, Donnell D, Liu TY, Rose S, Celentano D, Jackson B, Aramrattana A, Wei L, Shao Y, Liping F, Baoling R, Dye B, Metzger D. Are there adverse consequences of quizzing during informed consent for HIV research? J Med Ethics 2011; 37:693-7. [PMID: 21653649 PMCID: PMC3200567 DOI: 10.1136/jme.2011.042358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While quizzing during informed consent for research to ensure understanding has become commonplace, it is unclear whether the quizzing itself is problematic for potential participants. In this study, we address this issue in a multinational HIV prevention research trial enrolling injection drug users in China and Thailand. METHODS Enrolment procedures included an informed consent comprehension quiz. An informed consent survey followed. RESULTS 525 participants completed the informed consent survey (Heng County, China¼255, Xinjiang, China¼229, Chiang Mai, Thailand¼41). Mean age was 33 and mean educational level was 8 yrs. While quizzing was felt to be a good way to determine if a person understands the nature of clinical trial participation (97%) and participants did not generally find the quiz to be problematic, minorities of respondents felt pressured (6%); anxious (5%); bored (5%); minded (5%); and did not find the questions easy (13%). In multivariate analysis, lower educational level was associated with not minding the quizzing (6e10 yrs vs 0e5 yrs: OR¼0.27, p¼0.03; more than 11 yrs vs 0e5 yrs: OR¼0.18, p¼0.03). There were also site differences (Heng County vs Xinjiang) in feeling anxious (OR¼0.07; p¼<0.01), not minding (OR¼0.26; p¼0.03), being bored (OR¼0.25; p¼0.01) and not finding the questions easy (OR¼0.10; p¼<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Quizzing during the informed consent process can be problematic for a minority of participants. These problems may be associated with the setting in which research takes place and educational level. Further research is needed to develop, test and implement alternative methods of ensuring comprehension of informed consent. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov number NCT00270257.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sugarman
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Liu TY, Zhao L, Tan X, Liu SJ, Li JJ, Qi Y, Mao GZ. Effects of physicochemical factors on Cr(VI) removal from leachate by zero-valent iron and alpha-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:2759-2767. [PMID: 20489248 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nanoparticle dosage, initial hexavalent chromium concentration, pH value, reaction temperature, and initial concentration of humic acid (HA) on chromate (CrO(4)(2-)) removal from landfill leachate by nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and hematite (alpha-Fe(2)O(3)) nanoparticles were examined in the present investigations. The Cr(VI) removal rate decreased as the initial Cr(VI) concentration and the reaction temperature increased, whereas corresponding removal rate by NZVI was higher than that of alpha-Fe(2)O(3). The optimum pH for the removal of Cr(VI) by NZVI was found to be 5.0 and more than 99.0% of Cr(VI) was removed within 5 h. However, the removal rate by alpha-Fe(2)O(3) decreased as pH increased. Presence of HA resulted in substantial reduction in the rate and extent of Cr(VI) removal by NZVI, whereas Cr(VI) removal rate by alpha-Fe(2)O(3) did not significantly decrease as HA concentration increased from 0.5 g/L to 3.0 g/L. Increasing the dosage of nanoparticles enhanced the rate constant and the removal of Cr(VI) by NZVI and alpha-Fe(2)O(3) followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The information should be very useful for the successful application of NZVI and alpha-Fe(2)O(3) for the treatment of groundwater or raw wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
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26
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Liang QN, Liu TY, Ji LL, Min Y, Xia YY. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced oxidative stress injury in human normal liver L-02 cells. Drug Discov Ther 2009; 3:247-251. [PMID: 22495657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Clivorine is an otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Ligularia hodgsonii Hook. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are well-known hepatotoxins widely distributed around the world. The present study sought to evaluate clivorineinduced oxidative injury in human normal liver L-02 cells. After cells were treated with various concentrations of clivorine for 48 h, cellular total antioxidant capacity, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) were determined to evaluate oxidative injury. Results showed that cellular total antioxidant capacity and GST activity both increased in clivorine-treated L-02 cells, while clivorine decreased GR activity in cells. Further, the protective effects of some antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C, Vc), Trolox, dithiothreitol (DTT) and mannitol against clivorine-induced cytotoxicity were observed. Results showed that Trolox, which is an analogue of tocopherol (vitamin E, Ve), prevented clivorine-induced cytotoxicity in L-02 cells. Taken together, these results revealed clivorineinduced oxidative injury in human liver L-02 cells. These results also indicated the possible use of Trolox in the reduction of clivorine-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q N Liang
- The Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
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27
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Chung CK, Zhou RX, Liu TY, Chang WT. Hybrid pulse anodization for the fabrication of porous anodic alumina films from commercial purity (99%) aluminum at room temperature. Nanotechnology 2009; 20:055301. [PMID: 19417342 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/5/055301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Most porous anodic alumina (PAA) or anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films are fabricated using the potentiostatic method from high-purity (99.999%) aluminum films at a low temperature of approximately 0-10 degrees C to avoid dissolution effects at room temperature (RT). In this study, we have demonstrated the fabrication of PAA film from commercial purity (99%) aluminum at RT using a hybrid pulse technique which combines pulse reverse and pulse voltages for the two-step anodization. The reaction mechanism is investigated by the real-time monitoring of current. A possible mechanism of hybrid pulse anodization is proposed for the formation of pronounced nanoporous film at RT. The structure and morphology of the anodic films were greatly influenced by the duration of anodization and the type of voltage. The best result was obtained by first applying pulse reverse voltage and then pulse voltage. The first pulse reverse anodization step was used to form new small cells and pre-texture concave aluminum as a self-assembled mask while the second pulse anodization step was for the resulting PAA film. The diameter of the nanopores in the arrays could reach 30-60 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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28
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Chao HM, Chen YH, Liu JH, Lee SM, Lee FL, Chang Y, Yeh PH, Pan WHT, Chi CW, Liu TY, Lui WY, Ho LT, Kuo CD, Lin DE, Chan CC, Yang DM, Lin AMY, Chao FP. Iron-generated hydroxyl radicals kill retinal cells in vivo: effect of ferulic acid. Hum Exp Toxicol 2008; 27:327-39. [PMID: 18684804 DOI: 10.1177/0960327108092294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Siderosis bulbi is vision threatening. An investigation into its mechanisms and management is crucial. Experimental siderosis was established by intravitreous administration of an iron particle (chronic) or FeSO4 (acute). After siderosis, there was a significant dose-responsive reduction in eletroretinogram (a/b-wave) amplitude, and an increase in •OH level, greater when caused by 24 mM FeSO4 than that by 8 mM FeSO4. Furthermore, the FeSO4-induced oxidative stress was significantly blunted by 100 μM ferulic acid (FA). Siderosis also resulted in an excessive glutamate release, increased [Ca++]i, and enhanced superoxide dismutase immunoreactivity. The latter finding was consistent with the Western blot result. Obvious disorganization including loss of photoreceptor outer segments and cholinergic amacrines together with a wide-spreading ferric distribution across the retina was present, which were related to the eletro-retinographic and pathologic dysfunctions. Furthermore, b-wave reduction and amacrine damage were respectively, significantly, dose-dependently, and clearly ameliorated by FA. Thus, siderosis stimulates oxidative stress, and possibly, subsequent excitotoxicity, and calcium influx, which explains why the retina is impaired electro-physiologically and pathologically. Importantly, FA protects iron toxicity perhaps by acting as a free radical scavenger. This provides an approach to the study and treatment of the iron-related disorders such as retained intraocular iron and Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- HM Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital,
| | - YH Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - JH Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Cheng Hsin Rehabilitation Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - SM Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - FL Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Y Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - PH Yeh
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - WHT Pan
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - CW Chi
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - TY Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - WY Lui
- Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - LT Ho
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - CD Kuo
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - DE Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - CC Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - DM Yang
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - AMY Lin
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - FP Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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29
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Wang CC, Liu TY, Wey SP, Wang FI, Jan TR. Areca nut extract suppresses T-cell activation and interferon-gamma production via the induction of oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:1410-8. [PMID: 17383064 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Revised: 01/17/2007] [Accepted: 02/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Areca quid chewing is a major risk factor associated with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral cancer. Experimental evidence indicates that immune deterioration is associated with the pathophysiology of OSF and oral cancer. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) is shown to play a role in the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect induced by areca nut extracts (ANE) in oral cells. The present studies investigated the effects of ANE on T-cell reactivity and the role of ROS in ANE effects. Treatment of splenocytes with ANE induced a marked cytotoxic effect, and suppressed the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, whereas the production of IL-4 was unaffected. The ANE-mediated cytotoxicity, and suppression of IFN-gamma and IL-2 production were attenuated by the presence of antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Moreover, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated an increase in cellular ROS levels in splenic T-cells treated with ANE, which was also attenuated by the presence of NAC. Concordantly, the cellular level of glutathione was diminished by ANE in splenic T-cells pretreated with NAC. Collectively, these results demonstrated that ANE markedly suppressed T-cell activation and Th1 cytokine production, which was mediated, at least in part, by the induction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
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30
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Liu HC, Chi CW, Ko SY, Wang HC, Hong CJ, Lin KN, Wang PN, Liu TY. Cholinesterase inhibitor affects the amyloid precursor protein isoforms in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2005; 19:345-8. [PMID: 15785036 DOI: 10.1159/000084561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An altered platelet ratio of amyloid precursor protein (APP) isoforms might be a diagnostic, predictive, or therapeutic marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that this ratio might serve as a therapeutic marker for AD patients treated with the cholinesterase inhibitor, galantamine. Thirty-nine patients (mean age 76.6 +/- 9.4 years) with AD were treated with galantamine for 12 weeks. Patients were evaluated at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks by cognitive testing along with a determination of their platelet APP isoform ratio. Western blotting was performed to calculate the APP isoform ratio. At the end of the treatment, cognitive scores significantly improved, and the ratio of the high-molecular-weight (130 kDa) isoform to the low-molecular-weight (110-106 kDa) isoforms increased. These results suggest that cholinesterase inhibition might be involved in APP processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Liu
- Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Wang PN, Liu HC, Liu TY, Chu A, Hong CJ, Lin KN, Chi CW. Estrogen-metabolizing gene COMT polymorphism synergistic APOE epsilon4 allele increases the risk of Alzheimer disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2005; 19:120-5. [PMID: 15591802 DOI: 10.1159/000082663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a polygenic multifactorial disorder. Several studies suggested that the neuroprotective effect of estrogen was based on an APOE-dependent mechanism. The goals of the current study were to determine if the genes involved in estrogen metabolism were linked to the risk of AD and find out if there was an interaction between estrogen-metabolizing gene polymorphisms and the APOE epsilon4 allele in the risk of prevalent AD. We investigated 66 patients with AD and 86 age- and gender-matched normal subjects. The polymorphisms of APOE and estrogen-metabolizing genes CYP17, CYP1A1 and COMT were examined. No association was found between each estrogen-metabolizing gene polymorphism and AD. However, the COMT HH genotype and APOE epsilon4 allele had a synergistic effect on the risk of AD. Taking subjects with epsilon4-epsilon4-/HH- as reference, the risk of developing AD in subjects with one epsilon4 allele (epsilon4+epsilon4-/HH-) was 2.6 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.7- 9.1); however, the risk in subjects with both HH and one epsilon4 (epsilon4+epsilon4-/HH+) increased to 3.6 (95% CI 1.2-10.6). The subjects with homozygous epsilon4 still had the highest risk in developing AD (odds ratio 6.6, 95% CI 0.6-69.6). The p value of the linear trend test for this regression model was 0.004. It is possible that a high metabolism of estrogen by COMT may have reduced the protective effect of estrogen in AD. Further studies to clarify this interaction may improve our understanding of the generic risks for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Wang
- The Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Chang JB, Wang PN, Chen WT, Liu CY, Hong CJ, Lin KN, Liu TY, Chi CW, Liu HC. ApoEε4 allele is associated with incidental hallucinations and delusions in patients with AD. Neurology 2004; 63:1105-7. [PMID: 15452311 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000138612.24301.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Of 135 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), 56 without psychiatric symptoms at the first visit were followed for a mean period of 51.9 +/- 10.3 months to identify incident psychiatric symptoms. The hazard ratios of ApoE epsilon4 allele in developing psychiatric symptoms were calculated by Cox regression hazard analyses. The presence of the ApoE epsilon4 allele carried a 19.0-fold risk for developing hallucinations and a 3.4-fold risk for delusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Chang
- Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei County, Taiwan
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33
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Yin PH, Lee HC, Chau GY, Wu YT, Li SH, Lui WY, Wei YH, Liu TY, Chi CW. Alteration of the copy number and deletion of mitochondrial DNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:2390-6. [PMID: 15150555 PMCID: PMC2409531 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been detected in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unclear whether mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial biogenesis are altered in HCC. In this study, we found that mtDNA copy number and the content of mitochondrial respiratory proteins were reduced in HCCs as compared with the corresponding non-tumorous livers. MtDNA copy number was significantly reduced in female HCC but not in male HCC. Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 was significantly repressed in HCCs (P<0.005), while the expression of the mitochondrial single-strand DNA-binding protein was upregulated, indicating that the regulation of mitochondria biogenesis is disturbed in HCC. Moreover, 22% of HCCs carried a somatic mutation in the mtDNA D-loop region. The non-tumorous liver of the HCC patients with a long-term alcohol-drinking history contained reduced mtDNA copy number (P<0.05) and higher level of the 4977 bp-deleted mtDNA (P<0.05) as compared with non-alcohol patients. Our results suggest that reduced mtDNA copy number, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and somatic mutations in mtDNA are important events during carcinogenesis of HCC, and the differential alterations in mtDNA of male and female HCC may contribute to the differences in the clinical manifestation between female and male HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Yin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - H C Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - G Y Chau
- Department of Surgery, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Y T Wu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - S H Li
- Institute of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - W Y Lui
- Department of Surgery, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Y H Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - T Y Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - C W Chi
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China. E-mail:
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Abstract
The effects of carboxyfullerene on a well-known neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its active metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) were investigated. In chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats, cytosolic cytochrome c was elevated in the infused substantia nigra 4 h after an intranigral infusion of MPP+. Five days after local application of MPP+, lipid peroxidation (LP) was elevated in the infused substantia nigra. Furthermore, dopamine content and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive axons were reduced in the ipsilateral striatum. Concomitant intranigral infusion of carboxyfullerene abolished the elevation in cytochrome c and oxidative injuries induced by MPP+. In contrast, systemic application of carboxyfullerene did not prevent neurotoxicity induced by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. In mice, systemic administration of MPTP induced a dose-dependent depletion in striatal dopamine content. Simultaneous injection of carboxyfullerene (10 mg/kg) actually potentiated MPTP-induced reduction in striatal dopamine content. Furthermore, systemic administration of carboxyfullerene (30 mg/kg) caused death in the MPTP-treated mice. An increase in the striatal MPP+ level and reduction in hepatic P450 level were observed in the carboxyfullerene co-treated mice. These data showed that systemic application of carboxyfullerene appears to potentiate MPTP-induced neurotoxicity while local carboxyfullerene has been suggested as a neuroprotective agent. Furthermore, an increase in striatal MPP+ level may contribute to the potentiation by carboxyfullerene of MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/administration & dosage
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/antagonists & inhibitors
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Axons/enzymology
- Axons/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carboxylic Acids/pharmacology
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
- Cytochrome c Group/metabolism
- Cytosol/drug effects
- Cytosol/metabolism
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Agents/toxicity
- Electrochemistry
- Fullerenes
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/enzymology
- Male
- Mice
- Microinjections
- Neostriatum/cytology
- Neostriatum/enzymology
- Neostriatum/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/physiology
- Pyridinium Compounds/administration & dosage
- Pyridinium Compounds/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pyridinium Compounds/toxicity
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Substantia Nigra/drug effects
- Substantia Nigra/metabolism
- Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya M Y Lin
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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35
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Abstract
There exists considerable evidence implicating abnormalities of the alpha (alpha)-adrenergic system in the development of Alzheimer disease (AD). We propose to investigate potential correlations between the presence or otherwise of alpha-adrenoceptor polymorphisms and the presence of AD. We studied the polymorphisms of the alpha1a- and the alpha2a-adrenoceptor genes in 142 AD patients and 98 normal controls. The result demonstrated that none of the alpha2a-adrenoceptor genotypes was associated with increased susceptibility to AD. However, there was a trend that the frequency of the C allele of the alpha1a-adrenoceptor was elevated and an excess of the CC genotype (90.1%) was found in the subjects with AD in comparison with the controls (78.6%). This association was unrelated to the apolipoprotein E genotypes. The hypothesis that the alpha1a-adrenoceptor gene may be implicated in the pathogenesis of AD may deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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36
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Chen SY, Chen CJ, Tsai WY, Ahsan H, Liu TY, Lin JT, Santella RM. Associations of plasma aflatoxin B1-albumin adduct level with plasma selenium level and genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1. Nutr Cancer 2002; 38:179-85. [PMID: 11525595 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc382_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extraordinarily high in Matzu, an island off the coast of Southeastern China. To investigate factors associated with plasma aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-albumin adduct level, we studied 304 healthy adult residents from Matzu. AFB1-albumin adducts were determined by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hepatitis B surface antigen status by enzyme immunoassay, genotypes of glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 and T1 by polymerase chain reaction, plasma selenium by atomic absorption spectrometry, and plasma retinol, alpha-tocopherol, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene levels by high-performance liquid chromatography. Men had higher AFB1-albumin adduct levels than women. GSTM1-nonnull and GSTT1-null genotypes and low plasma selenium level were significantly associated with an increased level of AFB1-albumin adducts among men, whereas age was significantly correlated with adduct level among women. High intake of fermented beans was associated with an increased adduct level among men and women. The inverse associations between plasma selenium level and AFB1-albumin adducts were statistically significant among those with null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1, but not among the nonnull genotypes. This study provides insight into the dietary and genetic factors influencing AFB1-albumin adduct formation in an isolated population with high liver cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
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37
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Ueng YF, Shyu CC, Liu TY, Oda Y, Lin YL, Liao JF, Chen CF. Protective effects of baicalein and wogonin against benzo[a]pyrene- and aflatoxin B(1)-induced genotoxicities. Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 62:1653-60. [PMID: 11755119 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the protective effects of baicalein and wogonin against benzo[a]pyrene- and aflatoxin (AF) B(1)-induced toxicities, the effects of these flavonoids on the genotoxicities and oxidation of benzo[a]pyrene and AFB(1) were studied in C57BL/6J mice. Baicalein and wogonin reduced benzo[a]pyrene and AFB(1) genotoxicities as monitored by the umuC gene expression response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. Baicalein added in vitro decreased liver microsomal benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylation (AHH) activity with an ic(50) of 33.9 +/- 1.4 microM at 100 microM benzo[a]pyrene. Baicalein also inhibited AFQ(1) and AFB(1)-epoxide formation from AFB(1) (50 microM) oxidation (AFO) with ic(50) values of 22.8 +/- 1.4 and 5.3 +/- 0.8 microM, respectively. However, the in vitro inhibitory effects of wogonin on AHH and AFO activities in liver microsomes were less than those of baicalein as inhibition by 500 microM wogonin was only about 51-65%. Treatment of mice with liquid diets containing 5 mM baicalein and wogonin resulted in 22 and 49% decreases in hepatic AHH activities, respectively. Baicalein treatment resulted in 39 and 32% decreases in AFQ(1) and AFB(1)-epoxide formation from liver microsomal AFO, respectively. Wogonin treatment resulted in 39 and 47% decreases in AFQ(1) and AFB(1)-epoxide formation, respectively. A 1-week pretreatment with wogonin significantly decreased hepatic DNA adduct formation in mice treated with 200 mg/kg of benzo[a]pyrene via gastrogavage. These in vitro and in vivo effects suggested that baicalein and wogonin might have beneficial effects against benzo[a]pyrene- and AFB(1)-induced hepatic toxicities and that wogonin had a stronger protective effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Ueng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, 112, ROC, Taipei, Taiwan.
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38
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species produced during vigorous exercise may permeate into cell nuclei and induce oxidative DNA damage, but the supporting evidence is still lacking. By using a 42 km marathon race as a model of massive aerobic exercise, we demonstrated a significant degree of unrepaired DNA base oxidation in peripheral immunocompetent cells, despite a concurrent increase in the urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. Single cell gel electrophoresis with the incorporation of lesion-specific endonucleases further revealed that oxidized pyrimidines (endonuclease III-sensitive sites) contributed to most of the postexercise nucleotide oxidation. The oxidative DNA damage correlated significantly with plasma levels of creatinine kinase and lipid peroxidation metabolites, and lasted for more than 1 week following the race. This phenomenon may be one of the mechanisms behind the immune dysfunctions after exhaustive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsai
- Oxidative Stress Clinical Research Group and Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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39
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Chu HL, Liu TY, Lin SY. Effect of cyanide concentrations on the secondary structures of protein in the crude homogenates of the fish gill tissue. Aquat Toxicol 2001; 55:171-176. [PMID: 11595307 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-445x(01)00177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of cyanide concentrations on the secondary conformation of protein in the fish gill homogenate was determined using an attenuated total reflectance (ATR)/Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy. Gills from male Tilapia zillii were isolated and homogenized in pH 8.0 Tris buffer solution and subjected to FT-IR study. The results indicate that the amide I and III bands of protein in fish gill homogenate deformed markedly with the increase of cyanide concentration. The fish gill homogenate shows a maximum peak at 1650 cm(-1) in amide I band, suggesting the predominant proportion of alpha-helical conformation. Once the KCN was added into the gill homogenate, the maximum peak shifted gradually from 1650 to 1643 cm(-1) due to the random coil structure, with the increase of cyanide concentration used. Two additional shoulders at 1657 (alpha-helix) and 1627 (beta-sheet) cm(-1) also appeared gradually, implying that the cyanide can in part induce changes in protein conformation of fish gill homogenate from alpha-helix to random coil and beta-sheet conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Chu
- Biopharmaceutics Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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40
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Tsai K, Hsu TG, Lu FJ, Hsu CF, Liu TY, Kong CW. Age-related changes in the mitochondrial depolarization induced by oxidative injury in human peripheral blood leukocytes. Free Radic Res 2001; 35:395-403. [PMID: 11697136 DOI: 10.1080/10715760100300911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with impaired immunity and reduced host defenses. Mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunctions and reduced antioxidative ability of immunocompetent cells may contribute to this phenomenon. In this study, 60 healthy volunteers of different age groups donated their blood after overnight fasting. Leukocytes were subjected to oxidative injuries by exposure to t-butylhydroperoxide, and were labeled with fluorochromes for measuring mitochondria transmembrane potential (delta psi m), membrane peroxidation and mitochondrial oxidant formation. delta psi m declined after t-butylhydroperoxide exposure, and the change was more prominent in leukocytes from older individuals. Cyclosporin A partly restored delta psi m, implying the contributing role of mitochondrial permeability transition pores. The mitochondrial depolarization was accompanied by increased oxidant formation and oxidation of pyridine nucleotides, which were more prominent in older subjects. The results support the view that the bioenergetic functions of mitochondria are more susceptible to oxidative injury in aged individuals. The decreased ability of leukocytes to resist oxidative stress may contribute to immunosenescence in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsai
- Oxidative Stress Clinical Research Group, Section of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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41
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Chen JH, Liu TY, Wu CW, Chi CW. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of advanced gastric cancer: cyclooxygenase-2 is involved in hepatocyte growth factor mediated tumor development and progression. Med Hypotheses 2001; 57:503-5. [PMID: 11601879 DOI: 10.1054/mehy.2001.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Surgical treatment of gastric cancer patients is dismal because advanced tumor is often noted at diagnosis. In order to obtain better adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer patients after operation, it is important to understand the mechanism of invasion and metastasis. It is well known that binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) to its receptor (c-Met) regulates gastric cancer progression and metastasis. Recently, HGF was found to up-regulate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene and increase prostaglandin (PG)synthesis in gastric mucosa cells. Over-expression of COX-2 and increased PG secretion have also been found to be involved in the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer. These results together suggest that the signaling pathway of HGF and c-Met may be mediated through ERK2 activation, up-regulation of COX-2 and increased production of PGE(2)in gastric cancer cells. In view of the fact that c-Met is over-expressed in the majority of gastric cancer patients with poor prognosis, COX-2 specific inhibitors may provide beneficial effects in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Chen
- Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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42
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Liou YJ, Lai IC, Hong CJ, Liu HC, Liu TY, Tsai SJ. Association analysis of the partially duplicated alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genetic variant and Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2001; 12:301-4. [PMID: 11455129 DOI: 10.1159/000051273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been demonstrated for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Of these receptors, the alpha7 nAChRs, which are abundant on hippocampal interneurons, have been implicated in the cytotoxic role of the beta-amyloid. Increased mRNA levels of alpha7 nAChR in the peripheral lymphocytes and hippocampus of AD patients have been reported. We tested the hypothesis that the allelic variant, 2bp deletion, of the partially duplicated alpha7 nAChR gene confers susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. The -2bp polymorphism was examined in 120 patients with AD and 98 normal controls. The distribution of the partially duplicated alpha7 nAChR genotypes (p = 0.372) and alleles (p = 0.465) did not differ significantly for AD patients and controls. This negative finding suggests that the partially duplicated alpha7 nAChR genetic polymorphism contributes no major effect to the development of AD. However, we suggest that the other genetic variation of the alpha7 nAChR gene, related to AD or the associated symptomatology, merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Liou
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, #201, Shih-Pai Road Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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43
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Abstract
An 83-year-old man who had phacoemulsification and ciliary sulcus fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens developed capsular block syndrome with secondary glaucoma 1 year after surgery. The glaucoma resolved, and vision returned immediately after a neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomy was performed. Capsular block syndrome with secondary angle-closure glaucoma should be considered in pseudophakic patients presenting with increased intraocular pressure and a narrow angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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44
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Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Liu TY, Cheng CY, Liu HC. Association study for a functional serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer's disease for Chinese patients. Neuropsychobiology 2001; 44:27-30. [PMID: 11408789 DOI: 10.1159/000054910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two recent studies have demonstrated an association for a deletion/insertion polymorphism within the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). According to these studies, subjects with the short variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene are at increased risk for AD; however, this finding has not been confirmed by other workers. To evaluate the role of the 5-HTTLPR gene in susceptibility for AD, we conducted an association study for this polymorphism in a Chinese population. No significant differences were determined for genotype distribution or allele frequencies, comparing AD patients and normal controls. Even dividing the population into subgroups according to the presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele, no differences for genotype or allele frequencies were determined, comparing patients and controls. These results suggest that it is unlikely that the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism plays a substantial role in conferring susceptibility to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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45
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Lin HL, Liu TY, Wu CW, Chi CW. 2-Methoxyestradiol-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis occurs through G(2)/M arrest dependent and independent pathways in gastric carcinoma cells. Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11505393 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010801)92:3%3c500::aid-cncr1348%3e3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-Me), one of the estrogen metabolites, has recently been found to possess anti-angiogenesis activity in vivo. Many chemotherapeutic agents, such as taxol, docetaxel, and vinblastine, interact with microtubules and then induce apoptosis. It has been suggested that 2-Me acts on microtubules and results in G(2)/M-cycle arrest of tumor cells. Whether 2-Me induces apoptosis in gastric carcinoma cell lines is not known. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by 2-Me may be involved in cytotoxicity of tumor cells. Thus, another objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between cell cycle arrest, ROS formation, and caspase activity levels after 2-Me treatment in gastric carcinoma cells. METHODS It was determined whether 2-Me directly induced apoptosis in two gastric carcinoma cell lines (SC-M1 and NUGC-3) through caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation and, eventually, induced DNA fragmentation. To clarify the effect of 2-Me-induced G(2)/M arrest in apoptosis, calcium ionophore, A23187, and thapsigargin were used to modulate 2-Me-induced cell cycle responses. Moreover, the role of 2-Me-induced ROS formation in the cell cycle responses also was evaluated. RESULTS It was found that 2-Me treatment resulted in G(2)/M-cycle arrest, caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, the 2-Me induced, concomitant increases of peroxide and superoxide anions were correlated with G(2)/M-cycle arrest. Treatment with calcium ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin partially reversed the 2-Me-induced G(2)/M-cycle arrest, with a concomitant decrease in both peroxide and superoxide levels. Moreover, A23187 blocked the 2-Me-induced caspase-3 activation, whereas thapsigargin had no effect. Treatment with calcium channel blockers did not affect 2-Me-induced cell cycle arrest or caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the 2-Me-induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells by DNA fragmentation accompanied caspase activation. Elevation of free radicals was associated with G(2)/M-cycle arrest. The induction of G(2)/M-cycle arrest is not a prerequisite for caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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46
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Liu HC, Hong CJ, Liu CY, Lin KN, Tsai SJ, Liu TY, Chi CW, Wang PN. Association analysis of the 5-HT6 receptor polymorphism C267T with depression in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001; 55:427-9. [PMID: 11442897 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2001.00886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A significant increase of 267C allele of the 5-HT(6) receptor gene has been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because a deficit in serotonergic neurotransmission is involved in major depression, we tried to find out whether 267C allele is associated with depressive disorders in AD. A psychiatrist interviewed all AD patients and their caregivers for evidence of depression using a Chinese version of the Standard Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. The difference in the 5-HT(6) genotype or allele distributions between the AD patients with depressive disorders (n = 25) and those without (n = 120) was not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Liu
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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47
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Yin L, Pu Y, Liu TY, Tung YH, Chen KW, Lin P. Genetic polymorphisms of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase, CYP1A1 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase and lung cancer risk in Nanjing, China. Lung Cancer 2001; 33:133-41. [PMID: 11551408 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(01)00182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variations in metabolic activation or detoxification enzymes have been thought to contribute to individual differences in lung cancer susceptibility. Genetic polymorphisms of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (HYL1) have been associated with increased lung cancer risk in Asian populations. In the present study, the possibility of an association of NQO1, CYP1A1 and HYL1 genetic polymorphisms with lung cancer was examined among residents in Nanjing, China. A total of 84 lung cancer patients and 84 control subjects were matched by age, gender, occupation and smoking status. No significant association was observed for these genetic polymorphisms with the overall incidence of lung cancer. When the groups were stratified according to smoking status, we found that smokers carrying the HYL1*2 allele had a higher relative risk for lung cancer Odds ratio ((OR), 5.66; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.71-18.68). The association was also found with squamous cell carcinoma (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.00-10.38). Our results suggest that HYL1*2 polymorphism might be a risk factor for smoking-associated lung cancer in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-Me), one of the estrogen metabolites, has recently been found to possess anti-angiogenesis activity in vivo. Many chemotherapeutic agents, such as taxol, docetaxel, and vinblastine, interact with microtubules and then induce apoptosis. It has been suggested that 2-Me acts on microtubules and results in G(2)/M-cycle arrest of tumor cells. Whether 2-Me induces apoptosis in gastric carcinoma cell lines is not known. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by 2-Me may be involved in cytotoxicity of tumor cells. Thus, another objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between cell cycle arrest, ROS formation, and caspase activity levels after 2-Me treatment in gastric carcinoma cells. METHODS It was determined whether 2-Me directly induced apoptosis in two gastric carcinoma cell lines (SC-M1 and NUGC-3) through caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation and, eventually, induced DNA fragmentation. To clarify the effect of 2-Me-induced G(2)/M arrest in apoptosis, calcium ionophore, A23187, and thapsigargin were used to modulate 2-Me-induced cell cycle responses. Moreover, the role of 2-Me-induced ROS formation in the cell cycle responses also was evaluated. RESULTS It was found that 2-Me treatment resulted in G(2)/M-cycle arrest, caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, the 2-Me induced, concomitant increases of peroxide and superoxide anions were correlated with G(2)/M-cycle arrest. Treatment with calcium ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin partially reversed the 2-Me-induced G(2)/M-cycle arrest, with a concomitant decrease in both peroxide and superoxide levels. Moreover, A23187 blocked the 2-Me-induced caspase-3 activation, whereas thapsigargin had no effect. Treatment with calcium channel blockers did not affect 2-Me-induced cell cycle arrest or caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the 2-Me-induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells by DNA fragmentation accompanied caspase activation. Elevation of free radicals was associated with G(2)/M-cycle arrest. The induction of G(2)/M-cycle arrest is not a prerequisite for caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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49
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Abstract
alpha(1)-Antichymotrypsin (ACT) gene has been suggested as a susceptibility factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and might be related to the onset of PD. We replicated these findings in a Chinese population. The results demonstrated that the ACT genotypic and allelic distributions showed no significant differences between the PD patient and the control groups. The age at onset was younger in the heterozygotes than in the homozygotes (p = 0.042). We suggest that the ACT polymorphism might play some role in the pathogenesis of PD, especially in the onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Wang
- Section of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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50
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Lee HC, Yin PH, Yu TN, Chang YD, Hsu WC, Kao SY, Chi CW, Liu TY, Wei YH. Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA deletions in human oral tissues -- effects of betel quid chewing and oral cancer. Mutat Res 2001; 493:67-74. [PMID: 11516716 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(01)00160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in human tissues has been associated with intrinsic aging and environmental insult. Recently, mtDNA mutations have been detected in various tumors, including head and neck tumors. However, the factors affecting the occurrence and accumulation of mtDNA deletions in tumor tissues are poorly understood. In Taiwan, betel quid chewing is a major risk factor for oral cancer. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, we examined large-scale deletions of mtDNA in 53 pairs of tumor and non-tumor oral tissues from the patients with or without betel quid chewing history. The results revealed that irrespective of the history of betel quid chewing, the incidences of the 4977bp deletion and other deletions of mtDNA were lower in the tumor portion as compared with the non-tumor portion. The average proportions of the 4977bp deleted mtDNA in the tumor tissues of the betel quid chewers and non-betel quid chewers were 13- and 5-fold, respectively, lower than those in the corresponding non-tumor tissues. Moreover, the average proportion of 4977bp deleted mtDNA was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the non-tumor oral tissues of the patients with betel quid chewing history than that of the patients without the history of betel quid chewing. These results suggest that betel quid chewing may increase mtDNA mutation in human oral tissues and that accumulation of mtDNA deletions and subsequent cytoplasmic segregation of these mutations during cell division could be an important contributor to the early phase of oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
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