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Ji HZ, Liu B, Ren M, Li S, Zheng JF, Liu TY, Yu HH, Sun Y. The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis modulates the cross-communication between tumor-associated neutrophils and tumor cells in cervical cancer. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:559-569. [PMID: 38224014 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2305808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to check the expression profile of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)-C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) axis in cervical cancer and to explore the cross-talk between cervical cancer cells and neutrophils via CXCLs-CXCR2 axis. METHODS Available RNA-sequencing data based on bulk tissues and single-cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing data were used for bioinformatic analysis. Cervical cancer cell lines Hela and SiHa cells were utilized for in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS Except for neutrophils, CXCR2 mRNA expression is limited in other types of cells in the cervical tumor microenvironment. CXCLs bind to CXCR2 and are mainly expressed by tumor cells. CXCL1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8, which are consistently associated with neutrophil infiltration, are also linked to poor prognosis. SB225002 (a CXCR2 inhibitor) treatment significantly impairs SiHa cell-induced neutrophil migration. CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, or CXCL8 neutralized conditioned medium from SiHa cells have weaker recruiting effects. The conditioned medium of neutrophils from healthy donors can slow cancer cell proliferation. Conditioned medium of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can drastically enhance cervical cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis is critical in neutrophil recruitment and tumor cell proliferation in the cervical cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhou Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mi Ren
- Department of Oncological Nursing, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sang Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong-Yu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Yang XT, Luo ZZ, Huang JP, Sun WY, Zheng Y, Yin RC, Dong H, Yu HH, Pang M, Jiang X. Enhancement of blue and ultraviolet components in PCF-based supercontinuum generation through inter-modal dispersive-wave radiation. Opt Lett 2023; 48:3255-3258. [PMID: 37319075 DOI: 10.1364/ol.488134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Broadband supercontinuum (SC) light sources generated through nonlinear effects in solid-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have been widely used in spectroscopy, metrology, and microscopy, leading to great application successes. The short-wavelength extension of such SC sources, a longstanding challenge, has been the subject of intensive study over the past two decades. However, the exact mechanism of blue and ultraviolet light generation, especially for some resonance spectral peaks in the short-wavelength regime, is not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the effect of inter-modal dispersive-wave radiation, which results from phase matching between pump pulses at the fundamental optical mode and packets of linear waves at some higher-order modes (HOMs) propagating in the PCF core, might be one of the critical mechanisms that can result in some resonance spectral components with wavelengths much shorter than that of the pump light. We observed in an experiment that several spectral peaks resided in the blue and ultraviolet regimes of the SC spectrum, whose central wavelengths can be tuned by varying the PCF-core diameter. These experimental results can be interpreted well using the inter-modal phase-matching theory, providing some useful insights into the SC generation process.
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Li X, Li TT, Tian RX, Fei JJ, Wang XX, Yu HH, Yin ZZ. Gestational diabetes mellitus: The optimal time of delivery. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:179-187. [PMID: 37035228 PMCID: PMC10075038 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication strongly associated with poor maternal-fetal outcomes. Its incidence and prevalence have been increasing in recent years. Women with GDM typically give birth through either vaginal delivery or cesarean section, and the maternal-fetal outcomes are related to several factors such as cervical level, fetal lung maturity, the level of glycemic control still present, and the mode of treatment for the condition. We categorized women with GDM based on the latter two factors. GDM that is managed without medication when it is responsive to nutrition- and exercise-based therapy is considered diet- and exercise-controlled GDM, or class A1 GDM, and GDM managed with medication to achieve adequate glycemic control is considered class A2 GDM. The remaining cases in which neither medical nor nutritional treatment can control glucose levels or patients who do not control their blood sugar are categorized as class A3 GDM. We investigated the optimal time of delivery for women with GDM according to the classification of the condition. This review aimed to address the benefits and harms of giving birth at different weeks of gestation for women with different classes of GDM and attempted to provide an analytical framework and clearer advice on the optimal time for labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Teng-Teng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rui-Xian Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jia-Jia Fei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zong-Zhi Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of the Study of Abnormal Gametes and the Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
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Li MD, Ni P, Yu HH, Yu ZF, Sun JX, Bai MY, Bai S, An XX, Shi YH, Liu YY. [Analysis on the status quo of the awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:22-28. [PMID: 36655253 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220309-00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the status quo of the knowledge and related factors of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021. Methods: From August to November 2021, through network sampling method, 17 474 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Liaoning Province were surveyed. The WeChat public account was used to collect information such as demographic characteristics and core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among different groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors. Results: Among the 17 474 subjects, 43.1% (7 528) were male and 58.7% (10 262) were urban residents. The overall awareness rate was 72.3%, and the awareness rate of cancer cognition, prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management and rehabilitation were 71.4%, 67.6%, 72.7%, 83.4% and 63.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the residents who were man (OR: 0.850, 95%CI: 0.781-0.925), in rural areas (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.694-0.817), 55-59 years old (OR: 0.851, 95%CI: 0.751-0.963), quitters (OR: 0.721, 95%CI: 0.640-0.813) and smoker (OR: 0.724, 95%CI: 0.654-0.801) had lower awareness rates, while the residents who were 35-54 years old (OR: 1.312, 95%CI: 1.202-1.432), with an educational level of junior high school/senior high school/college degree or above (OR: 1.834-5.130, 95%CI: 1.575-6.047), technical personnel (OR: 1.592, 95%CI: 1.367-1.854), civil servant/institution staff (OR: 1.282, 95%CI: 1.094-1.503), enterprise/business/service staff (OR: 1.218, 95%CI: 1.071-1.385), retired (OR: 1.324, 95%CI: 1.114-1.573) and with family history of cancer (OR: 1.369, 95%CI: 1.266-1.481) had higher awareness rates. Conclusion: The level of the awareness of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province has met the requirements of the Healthy China Action. Region, gender, education level, age, family history of cancer and smoking are relevant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Li
- Department of Liaoning Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - P Ni
- Department of Liaoning Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - H H Yu
- Department of Liaoning Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Z F Yu
- Department of Liaoning Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - J X Sun
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Dandong Cencer for Disease Control and Prevention, Dandong 118000, China
| | - M Y Bai
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Yingkou Cencer for Disease Control and Prevention, Yingkou 115000, China
| | - S Bai
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Shenyang Cencer for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110031, China
| | - X X An
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Benxi Cencer for Disease Control and Prevention, Benxi 117000, China
| | - Y H Shi
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Tieling Cencer for Disease Control and Prevention, Tieling 112099, China
| | - Y Y Liu
- Department of Liaoning Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
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Wu J, Yu HH, Yu H, Gao B. [Digital rehabilitation of removable partial denture for a microstomic patient: a case report]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 57:625-628. [PMID: 35692007 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20211103-00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - H H Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - B Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
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Qiu BY, Zhang L, Yu HH, Liao ZX, Zhou MD, Wang F, Niu LN, Chen JH. [Application of digital aids in the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of a patient with severe tooth wear]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 56:904-908. [PMID: 34496540 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210205-00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Y Qiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - H H Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Z X Liao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - M D Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - L N Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - J H Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an 710032, China
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Yu HH, Yu ZF, Li H, Zhao H, Sun JM, Liu YY. The COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity in China: Validation and Responsiveness. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 61:1297-1304.e1. [PMID: 33412268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Financial toxicity is a priority concern faced by cancer patients and oncology providers. A validated instrument is important to measure this toxicity and improve health-related quality of life of patients. OBJECTIVES To assess the validity and responsiveness of the Chinese version of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) and to measure financial toxicity using the COST instrument in Chinese health care systems. METHODS A longitudinal observational study was performed at three cancer centers from March 2017 to October 2018 for eligible patients. Construct validity was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent and discriminant validity was tested by examining the correlation coefficient. Responsiveness was tested using the standardized response mean and effect size. Associations between the financial toxicity and variables were assessed by multivariable linear analysis. RESULTS There were 440 participants at baseline and 268 participants at 6-month follow up. A two-factor solution better represented the Chinese version of COST structure with good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity showed mild to moderate correlations between the domains of COST and the similar domains of Self-Perceived Burden Scale and Quality of Life Discriminant validity showed a low correlation between the COST and the subjective support of Social Support Rate Scale. Sensitivity to change at the sixth month showed effect sizes with global COST scores of 0.3. Multivariable analysis showed that age, household income, and health insurance were significantly associated with financial toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of COST is a valid and clinically responsive instrument. The identified baseline variables can be used to provide evidence for a financial toxicity intervention study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Yu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Fu Yu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Nursing, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Breast surgery, Fushun Cancer Hospital, Fourth People's Hospital of Fushun, Fushun, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Min Sun
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Anshan Cancer Hospital, Anshan, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Yong Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, P.R. China.
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Yu F, Luo ML, Xu RC, Huang L, Yu HH, Meng M, Jia JQ, Hu ZH, Wu WZ, Tay FR, Xiao YH, Niu LN, Chen JH. A novel dentin bonding scheme based on extrafibrillar demineralization combined with covalent adhesion using a dry-bonding technique. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3557-3567. [PMID: 33842741 PMCID: PMC8022110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin bonding is a dynamic process that involves the penetration of adhesive resin monomers into the extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar demineralized collagen matrix using a wet-bonding technique. However, adhesive resin monomers lack the capacity to infiltrate the intrafibrillar space, and the excess water that is introduced by the wet-bonding technique remains at the bonding interface. This imperfectly bonded interface is inclined to hydrolytic degradation, severely jeopardizing the longevity of bonded clinical restorations. The present study introduces a dentin bonding scheme based on a dry-bonding technique, combined with the use of extrafibrillar demineralization and a collagen-reactive monomer (CRM)-based adhesive (CBA). Selective extrafibrillar demineralization was achieved using 1-wt% high-molecular weight (MW) carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) within a clinically acceptable timeframe to create a less aggressive bonding substance for dentin bonding due to its selectively extrafibrillar demineralization capacity. CMCS demineralization decreased the activation of in situ collagenase, improved the shrinking resistance of demineralized collagen, and thus provided stronger and more durable bonding than traditional phosphoric acid etching. The new dentin bonding scheme that contained CMCS and CBA and used a dry-bonding technique achieved an encouraging dentin bonding strength and durability with low technical sensitivity. This bonding scheme can be used to improve the stability of the resin-dentin interface and foster the longevity of bonded clinical restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - M L Luo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - R C Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - L Huang
- Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H H Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - M Meng
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - J Q Jia
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Z H Hu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - W Z Wu
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - F R Tay
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Y H Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, 920 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - L N Niu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - J H Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Schwarzkopf R, Behery OA, Yu H, Suter LG, Li L, Horwitz LI. Corrigendum to 'Patterns and Costs of 90-Day Readmission for Surgical and Medical Complications Following Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty' [The Journal of Arthroplasty 34 (2019) 2304-2307]. J Arthroplasty 2020; 35:909. [PMID: 31785962 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Schwarzkopf
- Division of Adult Reconstruction, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Omar A Behery
- Division of Adult Reconstruction, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - HuiHui Yu
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Lisa G Suter
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT; Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; West Haven Veterans Administration Medical Center, West Haven, CT
| | - Li Li
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT
| | - Leora I Horwitz
- Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Center for Healthcare Innovation and Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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Wei HC, Chen P, Liang XF, Yu HH, Wu XF, Han J, Luo L, Gu X, Xue M. Plant protein diet suppressed immune function by inhibiting spiral valve intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, anti-oxidation, apoptosis, autophagy and proliferation responses in amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 94:711-722. [PMID: 31574297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week growth trial was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing dietary fishmeal with a plant protein blend on the growth performance, mucosal barrier integrity and the related regulation mechanism in Amur Sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) with initial weight of 87.48 g. Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were prepared. A basal diet containing 540 g/kg fishmeal (P0), whereas the other two diets were formulated by replacing 50% and 100% of FM with plant protein blend (soybean protein concentrate and cottonseed protein concentrate), and named as P50 and P100, respectively. Although essential amino acids, fatty acids, and available phosphorus had been balanced according to the nutrient requirement of sturgeon, compared with the fish of P0 and P50, the full plant protein diet (P100) significantly reduced growth performance and survival, and accompanied with serious spiral valve intestinal (SVI) damage. The increased tissue necrosis and failed responses in anti-oxidation, programming apoptosis, autophagy and cell proliferation system were regulated by inhibiting ERK1 phosphorylation, which indicated that SVI hypoimmunity and functional degradation were the main reasons for the high mortality and low utilization ability of plant protein in Amur sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wei
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - P Chen
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - X F Liang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - H H Yu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - X F Wu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - J Han
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - L Luo
- Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - X Gu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Agriculture and Rural Ministry Quality and Safety Risk Evaluation Laboratory of Feed and Feed Additives for Animal Husbandry, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - M Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Agriculture and Rural Ministry Quality and Safety Risk Evaluation Laboratory of Feed and Feed Additives for Animal Husbandry, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Schwarzkopf R, Behery OA, Yu H, Suter LG, Li L, Horwitz LI. Patterns and Costs of 90-Day Readmission for Surgical and Medical Complications Following Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2019; 34:2304-2307. [PMID: 31279598 PMCID: PMC7011860 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unplanned readmissions following elective total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty as a result of surgical complications likely have different quality improvement targets and cost implications than those for nonsurgical readmissions. We compared payments, timing, and location of unplanned readmissions with Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)-defined surgical complications to readmissions without such complications. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on unplanned readmissions within 90 days of discharge following elective primary THA/TKA among Medicare patients discharged between April 2013 and March 2016. We categorized unplanned readmissions into groups with and without CMS-defined complications. We compared the location, timing, and payments for unplanned readmissions between both readmission categories. RESULTS Among THA (N = 23,231) and TKA (N = 43,655) patients with unplanned 90-day readmissions, 27.1% (n = 6307) and 16.4% (n = 7173) had CMS-defined surgical complications, respectively. These readmissions with surgical complications were most commonly at the hospital of index procedure (THA: 84%; TKA: 80%) and within 30 days postdischarge (THA: 73%; TKA: 77%). In comparison, it was significantly less likely for patients without CMS-defined surgical complications to be rehospitalized at the index hospital (THA: 63%; TKA: 63%; P < .001) or within 30 days of discharge (THA: 58%; TKA: 59%; P < .001). Generally, payments associated with 90-day readmissions were higher for THA and TKA patients with CMS-defined complications than without (P < .001 for all). CONCLUSION Readmissions associated with surgical complications following THA and TKA are more likely to occur at the hospital of index surgery, within 30 days of discharge, and cost more than readmissions without CMS-defined surgical complications, yet they account for only 1 in 5 readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Schwarzkopf
- Division of Adult Reconstruction, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Omar A Behery
- Division of Adult Reconstruction, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - HuiHui Yu
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Lisa G Suter
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT; Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; West Haven Veterans Administration Medical Center, West Haven, CT
| | - Li Li
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT
| | - Leora I Horwitz
- Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Center for Healthcare Innovation and Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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Feng BL, Yu HH, Shen W. [Ursodeoxycholic acid combined with bezafibrate in the treatment of refractory primary biliary cholangitis: a meta-analysis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2019; 27:304-311. [PMID: 31082343 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and remission rates of pruritus of bezafibrate and UDCA combination therapy in the treatment of refractory PBC. Methods: PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library databases, Science direct, Web of Science, CBM, WangFang Data, CNKI, VIP databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials, crossover trials and self-control clinical trials of combination therapy of UDCA and bezafibrate with UDCA monotherapy for PBC up to June, 2018. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias of relevant study. Results: Eleven studies, including 465 patients were included. Ursodeoxycholic acid combined with bezafibrate had greatly improved liver biochemical indicators (P < 0.01) and pruritus scores in patients with refractory primary biliary cholangitis (MD = -2.97, 95% CI: -4.34~ -1.60, P < 0.01). However, there was no statistically significant differences in adverse events (RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.70, P = 0.09), and mortality rate (RR = 2.58, 95% CI: 0.57 to 11.73, P = 0.22) between the two groups. Conclusion: Ursodeoxycholic acid combined with bezafibrate may improve the biochemical response and pruritus score of refractory PBC, but has no significant effect on adverse events and mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Feng
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Yu HH, Bi X, Liu YY. [Reliability and validity of the Chinese version on Comprehensive Scores for Financial Toxicity based on the patient-reported outcome measures]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 38:1118-1120. [PMID: 28847066 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version on comprehensive scores for financial toxicity (COST), based on the patient-reported outcome measures. Methods: A total of 118 cancer patients were face-to-face interviewed by well-trained investigators. Cronbach's α and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to evaluate reliability. Content validity index (CVI) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were used to evaluate the content validity and construct validity, respectively. Results: The Cronbach's α coefficient appeared as 0.889 for the whole questionnaire, with the results of test-retest were between 0.77 and 0.98. Scale-content validity index (S-CVI) appeared as 0.82, with item-content validity index (I-CVI) between 0.83 and 1.00. Two components were extracted from the Exploratory factor analysis, with cumulative rate as 68.04% and loading>0.60 on every item. Conclusion: The Chinese version of COST scale showed high reliability and good validity, thus can be applied to assess the financial situation in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
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14
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Zhou YP, Wu R, Shen W, Yu HH, Yu SJ. [Comparison of effects of oleic acid and palmitic acid on lipid deposition and mTOR / S6K1 / SREBP-1c pathway in HepG2 cells]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26:451-456. [PMID: 30317760 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of oleic acid and palmitic acid on lipid deposition and mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c pathways in HepG2 cells. Methods: The model of steatosis was established with induction of oleic acid and palmitic acid and was intervened by rapamycin. The changes in lipid droplets were observed after staining the cells with oil Red O. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) contents in cells were measured by TG kit. mTOR, S6K1, and SREBP-1c mRNA expression levels were detected using QRT-PCR. Western blot was used to determine protein expression levels of mTOR, S6K1 and SREBP-1c. Results: Both fatty acids increased lipid droplets in HepG2 cells. Fatty degeneration with elevated TG occurred with significant changes in oleic acid group lipids. Rapamycin alleviated lipid deposition caused by oleic acid and palmitic acid and inhibited their induction of increased expression of mTOR, S6K1, and SREBP-1c. QRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR, S6K1, and SREBP-1c in oleic acid and palmitic acid group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The increase was more pronounced in the palmitic acid group (P < 0.05); however, after rapamycin intervention, the expression of mRNA and protein in the three groups were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and the change in palmitic acid group was more pronounced (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Oleic acid and palmitic acid can induce lipid deposition in HepG2 cells and increase expression of every component of mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c pathway; however, Oleic acid-induced lipid deposition is more pronounced, and the mTOR, S6K1, and SREBP-1c pathway change is more obvious in palmitic acid. Rapamycin has high potent inhibitory effect on palmitic acid-induced lipid deposition. These results specify that lipid synthesis involved in the mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c pathways are mainly associated to palmitic acid in HepG2 cells, whereas other signaling pathway may mediate oleic acid-induced lipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - R Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - W Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - H H Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - S J Yu
- Department of Urology Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Zhou R, Yuan XY, Marip JB, Yu HH, Zhang Q, Tang DD. [Spatial Distributions of Transferable Nitrogen Forms and Influencing Factors in Sediments from Inflow Rivers in Different Lake Basins]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2018; 39:1122-1128. [PMID: 29965456 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201706234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It is necessary to investigate the distribution of nitrogen forms in river sediments to recognize the water environment quality. In this study, ion exchangeable form nitrogen(IEF-N), weak acid extractable form nitrogen (WAEF-N), strong alkali extractable form nitrogen (SAEF-N) and strong oxidation extractable form nitrogen (SOEF-N) in sediments were obtained by means of sequential extraction procedures.We analyzed the spatial variations of nitrogen forms in sediments from Taihu watershed (Dongtiaoxi River and Xitiaoxi River) and Hongzehu watershed (Anhe River and Suihe River), and expounded the influence factors of nitrogen form distribution. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of sediments from different watersheds varied in space. The concentrations of total nitrogen and nitrogen fractions also showed obvious changes in river sediments. As a whole, the concentrations of total nitrogen and transferable nitrogen in Taihu rivers were higher than those in Hongzehu rivers, but the former showed smaller spatial changes. Sediments from Taihu rivers showed the different concentration order of total nitrogen and transferable nitrogen comparing with those from Hongzehu rivers. The former followed the order of SOEF-N > SAEF-N > IEF-N > WAEF-N, and the latter followed the order of SOEF-N > SAEF-N > WAEF-N > IEF-N.The spatial varitions of transferable nitrogen fractions in Hongzehu rivers were prominent, which was associated with nitrogen sources. The spatial distributions of transferable nitrogen in sediments were obviously affected by their physicochemical properties, especially for organic matter and grain size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xu-Yin Yuan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ja Bawk Marip
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Dou-Dou Tang
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Nie WJ, Zhang YX, Yu HH, Li R, He RY, Dong NN, Wang J, Hübner R, Böttger R, Zhou SQ, Amekura H, Chen F. Plasmonic nanoparticles embedded in single crystals synthesized by gold ion implantation for enhanced optical nonlinearity and efficient Q-switched lasing. Nanoscale 2018; 10:4228-4236. [PMID: 29412199 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07304f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of embedded gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in Nd:YAG single crystals using ion implantation and subsequent thermal annealing. Both linear and nonlinear absorption of the Nd:YAG crystals have been enhanced significantly due to the embedded Au NPs, which is induced by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect in the visible light wavelength band. Particularly, through a typical Z-scan system excited by a femtosecond laser at 515 nm within the SPR band, the nonlinear absorption coefficients of crystals with Au NPs have been observed to be nearly 5 orders of magnitude larger than that without Au NPs. This giant enhancement of nonlinear absorption properties is correlated with the saturable absorption (SA) effect, which is the basis of passive Q-switching or mode-locking for pulsed laser generation. In addition, the linear and nonlinear absorption enhancement could be tailored by varying the fluence of implanted Au+ ions, corresponding to the NP size and concentration modulation. Finally, the Nd:YAG wafer with embedded Au NPs has been applied as a saturable absorber in a Pr:LuLiF4 crystal laser cavity, and efficient pulsed laser generation at 639 nm has been realized, which presents superior performance to the MoS2 saturable absorber based system. This work opens an avenue to enhance and modulate the nonlinearities of dielectrics by embedding plasmonic Au NPs for efficient pulsed laser operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Nie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
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Yu LL, Yu HH, Liang XF, Li N, Wang X, Li FH, Wu XF, Zheng YH, Xue M, Liang XF. Dietary butylated hydroxytoluene improves lipid metabolism, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic response of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 72:220-229. [PMID: 29108969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A 10-week growth trail was conducted to investigate the efficacy and tolerance of dietary butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) by evaluating inflammation, apoptosis and hepatic disease related to oxidative stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Four experimental diets were prepared with BHT supplement levels of 0 (B0), 150 (B150), 300 (B300) and 1500 (B1500) mg/kg, in which B150 was at the maximum recommended level established by European Union Regulation, and the B300 and B1500 levels were 2 and 10-fold of B150, respectively. Each diet was fed to 6 replicates with 30 largemouth bass (initial body weight, IBW = 6.20 ± 0.01 g) in each tank. The BHT inclusion level did not affect the specific growth rate, but fish in the B150 group showed the lowest feed conversion rate (P < 0.05). BHT inclusion significantly decreased the levels of plasma TC, TG, LDL, ALT and AKP, and increased the (HDL-C)/TC ratio (P < 0.05). Plasma MDA was significantly decreased in the B150 group and GSH-Px was extremely enhanced in each BHT inclusion group (P < 0.05). Hepatic T-AOC was significantly enhanced and O2- was significantly decreased in each BHT inclusion group compared to the B0 group (P < 0.05), as well as hepatic MDA was significantly decreased in B1500 group (P < 0.05). Dietary BHT inclusion down-regulated the hepatic mRNA levels of inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis related genes, including TNFα, TGF-β1, α-SMA, IL8, IL11β and caspase-9. Moreover, BHT could improve hepatic lipid metabolism via up-regulating the mRNA levels of APOA1, CYP7A1, CYP8B1, and down-regulating the mRNA levels of PPAR-γ and APOB. Histological examination of the liver morphology with H&E and Sirius Red staining showed that BHT inclusion decreased necrotic degenerative changes and collagen deposition in largemouth bass. An immunofluorescence examination revealed significantly decreased cleaved caspase-3 signals in the BHT groups. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that ROS induces hepatic cell apoptosis and fibrosis via the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by activating caspase-9 in the mitochondria and then initiates apoptosis by activating caspase-3. Consuming 2.32-23.80 mg/kg·bw/d (150-1500 mg/kg in diet) of BHT effectively improved the plasma and hepatic lipid metabolism, antioxidant response as well as reduced ROS production, protecting hepatic cells from injury. It is implied that even a 10-fold increase of the maximum level of BHT (150 mg/kg) is safe for the largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Yu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - H H Yu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - X F Liang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - N Li
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - X Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - F H Li
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry Senior Veterinary, 100107, China
| | - X F Wu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Y H Zheng
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - M Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - X F Liang
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Ma J, Yu HH, Jiang X, Jiang DS. High-performance temperature sensing using a selectively filled solid-core photonic crystal fiber with a central air-bore. Opt Express 2017; 25:9406-9415. [PMID: 28437902 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.009406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance temperature sensor based on mode-coupling principle is proposed using a selectively filled, solid-core photonic crystal fiber with a central air-bore. The fibers are fabricated using the "stack-and-draw" method, with a micro scale central bore deliberately kept during the drawing procedure. The addition of the central air-bore enhances the mode-coupling efficiency between the fundamental core mode and modes in the high-index liquid-filled holes in the fiber cladding, therefore, the fiber can be used for a novel sensing architecture, when cladding holes are selectively filled with temperature sensitive liquids. Based on this concept, numerical analyses are accomplished using finite element method, showing that this fiber-based temperature sensor possesses high sensitivity of -6.02 nm/°C, with a resolution of 3.32 × 10-3 °C, in the temperature range from -80 to 90 °C. The selective hole-filling is verified by a multi-step infiltration technique. A particularly designed probe with improved sensitivity and manipulation is also proposed for this system.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the manifestations, treatment and outcome of neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The charts of 185 pediatric patients with SLE diagnosed between 1985 and 2005 in a tertiary referral hospital were retrospectively reviewed. NPSLE were defined using the American College of Rheumatology NPSLE case definitions. NPSLE developed in 34.6% (64/185) of the patients. The mean onset age was 15.2 years. Fourteen patients (21.9%) had NP manifestations on initial diagnosis of SLE. The median duration from the onset of SLE to NP manifestation was 11 months. The most frequent NP manifestations were seizure disorder (84.4%), ischemic stroke (28.1%) and psychosis (21.9%). However, the prevalence of manifestations of NPSLE might be underestimated by the retrospective design of our study. Higher mean C3/C4 levels, less percentage of anti-dsDNA antibodies elevation and higher percentage of elevated anticardiolipin antibodies were observed in NPSLE events than in non-NPSLE events ( P 0.05). The mortality rate of NPSLE patients decreased from 52.2% in 1985–1994 cohort to 27.8% in 1995–2005 cohort. In the past 10 years, the leading cause of death in NPSLE patients was NPSLE itself. NPSLE is common in pediatric SLE patients. It has diverse manifestations and a high mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Sung CL, Lee CY, Cho HH, Huang YJ, Chen YF, Pan ZB, Yu HH, Zhang HJ, Wang JY. Theoretical and experimental studies for high-repetition-rate disordered crystal lasers with harmonic self-mode locking. Opt Express 2016; 24:3832-3838. [PMID: 26907036 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.003832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A harmonically self-mode-locked Nd:Sr3Y2/(BO3)4 disordered crystal laser with subpicosecond pulse duration is demonstrated. We exploit the damped harmonic oscillator model to numerically verify that the mode spacing of the laser cavity can be modified to be the harmonics of the free spectral range of the Fabry-Perot cavity when the optical length of the laser cavity is close to a commensurate ratio of the optical length of the Fabry-Perot cavity. In experiment, the Fabry-Perot cavity can be formed by the pump facet of the disordered crystal and the front mirror. A 110 GHz single-pulse harmonically mode-locked pulse train with pulse duration of 857 fs is experimentally achieved under optical lengths of 27.19 and 4.08 mm for the laser cavity and Fabry-Perot cavity respectively, corresponding to a fractional number of 20/3. A maximum output power of 162 mW is obtained at an incident pump power of 3.1 W.
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Kovi MR, Sablok G, Bai X, Wendell M, Rognli OA, Yu H, Xing Y. Expression patterns of photoperiod and temperature regulated heading date genes in Oryza sativa. Comput Biol Chem 2013; 45:36-41. [PMID: 23688619 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In plants, flowering is a major biological phenomenon, which is regulated by an array of interactions occurring between biotic and abiotic factors. In our study, we have compared the expression profiles of flowering genes involved in the flowering pathway, which are influenced by conditions like photoperiod and temperature from seedling to heading developmental stages in two Oryza sativa indica varieties, viz., Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63 using a expression network approach. Using the network expression approach, we found 17 co-expressed genes having the same expression profile pattern as three key photoperiod flowering genes Hd1, Ehd1 and Hd3a. We also demonstrated that these three co-expressed genes have a similar simulation pattern as temperature flowering genes. Based on our observations, we hypothesize that photoperiod and temperature regulate flowering pathways independently. The present study provides a basis for understanding the network of co-expressed genes involved in flowering pathway and presents a way to demonstrate the behavior of specific gene sets in specific cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Ma J, Xie GQ, Lv P, Gao WL, Yuan P, Qian LJ, Yu HH, Zhang HJ, Wang JY, Tang DY. Graphene mode-locked femtosecond laser at 2 μm wavelength. Opt Lett 2012; 37:2085-2087. [PMID: 22660129 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.002085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrated a passively mode-locked femtosecond laser by using a graphene-based saturable absorber mirror (graphene SAM) in the spectral region of 2 μm. The graphene SAM was fabricated by transferring chemical-vapor-deposited, high-quality, and large-area graphene on a highly reflective plane mirror. Stable mode-locked laser pulses as short as 729 fs were obtained with a repetition rate of 98.7 MHz and an average output power of 60.2 mW at 2018 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ma
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Ma J, Xie GQ, Gao WL, Yuan P, Qian LJ, Yu HH, Zhang HJ, Wang JY. Diode-pumped mode-locked femtosecond Tm:CLNGG disordered crystal laser. Opt Lett 2012; 37:1376-1378. [PMID: 22513691 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.001376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A diode-end-pumped passively mode-locked femtosecond Tm-doped calcium lithium niobium gallium garnet (Tm:CLNGG) disordered crystal laser was demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. With a 790 nm laser diode pumping, stable CW mode-locking operation was obtained by using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The disordered crystal laser generated mode-locked pulses as short as 479 fs, with an average output power of 288 mW, and repetition rate of 99 MHz in 2 μm spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ma
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wu K, Hao LZ, Yu HH, Wang ZP, Wang JY, Zhang HJ. Thermal and laser properties of Nd:Lu₃Sc₁.₅Ga₃.₅O₁₂ for high power dual-wavelength laser. Opt Express 2012; 20:6944-6951. [PMID: 22453372 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.006944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We measured the thermal properties of Nd:Lu₃Sc₁.₅Ga₃.₅O₁₂ (Nd:LuSGG) crystal, including the thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat, and thermal diffusion coefficient. The calculated thermal conductivity is 4.4 W/mK at room temperature. A high-power continuous-wave and passively Q-switched Nd:LuSGG laser was also demonstrated. Continuous-wave output power of 6.96 W is obtained which is the highest power with this material. For the first time to our knowledge, the passively Q-switched Nd:LuSGG laser is reported with the shortest pulse width, largest pulse energy, and highest peak power are achieved to be 5.1 ns, 62.5 μJ, and 12 kW, respectively. By spectral analysis, it has been found that the Nd:LuSGG laser was located at 1059 nm under low pump power, and became dual-wavelength at 1061.5 and 1059 nm when the incident pump power is over 2.27 W. The generating mechanism of dual-wavelength laser is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Chen YF, Liang HC, Tung JC, Su KW, Zhang YY, Zhang HJ, Yu HH, Wang JY. Spontaneous subpicosecond pulse formation with pulse repetition rate of 80 GHz in a diode-pumped Nd:SrGdGa3O7 disordered crystal laser. Opt Lett 2012; 37:461-463. [PMID: 22344073 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We explore the operation of spontaneous mode locking in a diode-pumped Nd:SrGdGa3O7 disordered crystal laser. The first- and second-order autocorrelations are simultaneously performed to evaluate the temporal characteristics. An 80 GHz pulse train with a pulse duration as short as 616 fs is observed. The maximum output power is 415 mW at a pump power of 6.1 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Pan ZB, Yao B, Yu HH, Xu HH, Wang ZP, Wang JY, Zhang HJ. Growth and characterization of self-Q-switched Nd:Cr:YVO4 crystal. Opt Express 2012; 20:2178-2183. [PMID: 22330458 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.002178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A Nd:Cr:YVO4 crystal was grown by the Czochralski method for the first time to our knowledge. Its structure and cell parameter have been studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis. Polarized absorption spectra were measured at room temperature, which showed that the absorption bands display polarization character and an absorption band of Cr5+ ions at 1110 nm enables the crystal to be a self-Q-switched laser material. We also found that the absorption of Cr5+ ions became much larger and its self-Q-switched laser performance became much better when the Nd:Cr:YVO4 crystal was annealed because the annealing induces more Cr ions to become those with + 5 valence. In the self-Q-switched laser, the maximum output power, shortest pulse width, and largest pulse energy were obtained to be 120 mW, 85.8 ns, and 0.79 μJ, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z B Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Tsai WC, Huang TC, Yu HH. Investigating the unique predictability and boundary conditions of applicant physical attractiveness and non-verbal behaviours on interviewer evaluations in job interviews. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 2010. [DOI: 10.1348/2044-8325.002003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Yu YG, Wang JY, Zhang HJ, Wang ZP, Yu HH, Sun SQ, Xia HR, Jiang MH. Thermal characterization of lowly Nd3+ doped disordered Nd:CNGG crystal. Opt Express 2009; 17:9270-9275. [PMID: 19466178 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.009270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Thermal properties of a lowly Nd(3+)-doped disordered Nd:CNGG crystal have been symmetrically investigated. At room temperature, the specific heat, thermal diffusion coefficient and density were determined to be 0.595 J/g.K, 1.223 mm(2)/s and 4.718 g/cm(3), corresponding the thermal conductivity of 3.43 W/m.K. By measuring the thermal lens at different pump power, the thermal-optical coefficient was calculated to be 9.2x10(-6) K(-1) for the first time to our knowledge. All the thermal properties recovered that this material can be used in the moderate and even high pump power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
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Xie GQ, Tang DY, Tan WD, Luo H, Zhang HJ, Yu HH, Wang JY. Subpicosecond pulse generation from a Nd:CLNGG disordered crystal laser. Opt Lett 2009; 34:103-105. [PMID: 19241632 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on a diode-pumped passively mode-locked subpicosecond Nd:CLNGG disordered crystal laser for the first time to our knowledge. Owing to the large inhomogeneous broadening and spectrum splitting of the disordered crystal, the Nd:CLNGG laser generated 900 fs mode-locked pulses with a repetition rate of approximately 88 MHz at 1061 nm wavelength. With a single-emitter laser diode pumping, a maximum average output power of 486 mW was achieved with a slope efficiency of 26%. Our experimental results show that the four-level Nd:CLNGG disordered crystal could be an excellent alternative for subpicosecond pulse generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Q Xie
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Xie GQ, Tang DY, Luo H, Zhang HJ, Yu HH, Wang JY, Tao XT, Jiang MH, Qian LJ. Dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked Nd:CNGG laser. Opt Lett 2008; 33:1872-1874. [PMID: 18709117 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.001872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have experimentally demonstrated a dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked Nd:CNGG laser based on the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror technique. Mode locking was achieved simultaneously on two gain bands of the crystal that have a central wavelength separation of 2.4 nm. The fundamental mode-locked pulse train has a repetition rate of 88 MHz and pulse duration of 5 ps, with an average output power of approximately 90 mW. Autocorrelation measurements show that each of the synchronously mode-locked pulses consists of a train of quasi-periodic beat pulses with a 660 fs pulse width and a 0.63 THz repetition rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Q Xie
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Ji NN, Liu MM, Huang XR, Zhen J, Li SS, Jiang S, Yu HH, Wang SY, Peng XX. Immunocapture UPPCR combined with DGGE for rapid detection of Shigella species. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 100:795-9. [PMID: 16553735 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02836.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop an immunocapture universal primer PCR (iUPPCR) combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and evaluate it as a method permitting rapid detection of Shigella species and their serotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS This method amplifying the conserved regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes of different species or serotypes of Shigella dysentery bacilli captured and enriched by polyvalent antibodies can detect and distinguish causative pathogens rapidly. Four serotypes from three Shigella species including Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, Shigella boydii serotype 1, Shigella flexneri serotypes 1a and 3a were examined. CONCLUSION Our approach could be adopted for not only axenic bacterial population but also mixed communities and achieve rapid detection of various bacteria from the same genus or species in one sample. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The iUPPCR-DGGE method was shown to be more convenient than serotype-specific-antibody-based method of iUPPCR for Shigella species detection and it could be also applied to the quick detection for other kinds of pathogens with many serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Ji
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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Abstract
EphB2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the Eph family and ephrin-B1 is one of its transmembrane ligands. In the embryo, EphB2 and ephrin-B1 participate in neuronal axon guidance, neural crest cell migration, the formation of blood vessels, and the development of facial structures and the inner ear. Interestingly, EphB2 and ephrin-B1 can both signal through their cytoplasmic domains and become tyrosine-phosphorylated when bound to each other. Tyrosine phosphorylation regulates EphB2 signaling and likely also ephrin-B1 signaling. Embryonic retina is a tissue that highly expresses both ephrin-B1 and EphB2. Although the expression patterns of EphB2 and ephrin-B1 in the retina are different, they partially overlap, and both proteins are substantially tyrosine-phosphorylated. To understand the role of ephrin-B1 phosphorylation, we have identified three tyrosines of ephrin-B1 as in vivo phosphorylation sites in transfected 293 cells stimulated with soluble EphB2 by using mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis. These tyrosines are also physiologically phosphorylated in the embryonic retina, although the extent of phosphorylation at each site may differ. Furthermore, many of the tyrosines of EphB2 previously identified as phosphorylation sites in 293 cells (Kalo, M. S., and Pasquale, E. B. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 14396-14408) are also phosphorylated in retinal tissue. Our data underline the complexity of ephrin-Eph bidirectional signaling by implicating many tyrosine phosphorylation sites of the ligand-receptor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kalo
- Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of GERD associated with prescription NSAID consumption. METHODS All Georgia Medicaid patients > 25 years of age and continuously eligible for 1996, 1997, and 1998 were included in the study. Patients were excluded if they received a GERD diagnoses during 1996 and 1997. Patients were observed in 1998 and classified into GERD and control cohorts. Comorbidities, demographics, and NSAID prescription consumption were retained and modeled with logistic regression. RESULTS The absolute risk of developing GERD without previous NSAID consumption was 0.38. The absolute risk of developing GERD for those patients who consumed one or more NSAID prescriptions during 1996 and 1997 was 0.80. Thus, the relative risk of GERD for NSAID patients was 2.11. GERD was significantly associated with one or more NSAID prescriptions (OR = 1.82), age (OR = 1.05 for 5 year range), gender (OR = 1.31 for females), asthma (OR = 3.24), obesity (OR = 2.77), hiatal hernia (OR = 4.17), tobacco use (OR = 2.56), and alcohol (OR = 1.83). The initial NSAID prescription was responsible for the greatest marginal increase in GERD. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that NSAIDs are associated with GERD especially for females, alcohol and tobacco users, and patients with asthma, hiatal hernia, or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kotzan
- College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
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Yu HH, Zisch AH, Dodelet VC, Pasquale EB. Multiple signaling interactions of Abl and Arg kinases with the EphB2 receptor. Oncogene 2001; 20:3995-4006. [PMID: 11494128 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2000] [Revised: 04/02/2001] [Accepted: 04/09/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and the Abl family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases have both been implicated in tissue morphogenesis. They regulate the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in the developing nervous system and participate in signaling pathways involved in axon growth. Both Eph receptors and Abl are localized in the neuronal growth cone, suggesting that they play a role in axon pathfinding. Two-hybrid screens identified regions of Abl and Arg that bind to the EphB2 and EphA4 receptors, suggesting a novel signaling connection involving the two kinase families. The association of full-length Abl and Arg with EphB2 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and found to involve several distinct protein interactions. The SH2 domains of Abl and Arg bind to tyrosine-phosphorylated motifs in the juxtamembrane region of EphB2. A second, phosphorylation-independent interaction with EphB2 involves non-conserved sequences in the C-terminal tails of Abl and Arg. A third interaction between Abl and EphB2 is probably mediated by an intermediary protein because it requires tyrosine phosphorylation of EphB2, but not the binding sites for the Abl SH2 domain. The connection between EphB2 and Abl/Arg appears to be reciprocal. Activated EphB2 causes tyrosine phosphorylation of Abl and Arg, and vice versa. Interestingly, treatment of COS cells and B35 neuronal-like cells with ephrin-B1 to activate endogenous EphB2 decreased the kinase activity of endogenous Abl. These data are consistent with the opposite effects that Eph receptors and Abl have on neurite ougrowth and suggest that Eph receptors and Abl family kinases have shared signaling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- The Burnham Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, CA 92037, USA
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Gagliardi JV, Angle JS, Germida JJ, Wyndham RC, Chanway CP, Watson RJ, Greer CW, McIntyre T, Yu HH, Levin MA, Russek-Cohen E, Rosolen S, Nairn J, Seib A, Martin-Heller T, Wisse G. Intact soil-core microcosms compared with multi-site field releases for pre-release testing of microbes in diverse soils and climates. Can J Microbiol 2001; 47:237-52. [PMID: 11315115 DOI: 10.1139/w00-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intact soil-core microcosms were used to compare persistence of Pseudomonas chlororaphis 3732RN-L11 in fallow soil and on wheat roots with field releases at diverse sites. Parallel field and microcosm releases at four sites in 1996 were repeated with addition of one site in 1997. Microcosms were obtained fresh and maintained at 60% soil water holding capacity in a growth chamber at 70% relative humidity, a 12-hour photoperiod, and constant temperature. Persistence of 3732RN-L11 was measured at each site in field plots and microcosms at 7-21 day intervals, and in duplicate microcosms sampled at an independent laboratory. Linear regression slopes of field plot and microcosm persistence were compared for each site, and between identical microcosms sampled at different sites, using log10 transformed plate counts. Microcosm persistence closely matched field plots for wheat roots, but persistence in fallow soil differed significantly in several instances where persistence in field plots was lower than in microcosms. Analysis of weather variations at each site indicated that rainfall events of 30-40 mm caused decreased persistence in fallow soil. Cooler temperatures enhanced persistence in field plots at later time points. Inter-laboratory comparison of regression slopes showed good agreement for data generated at different sites, though in two instances, longer sampling periods at one site caused significant differences between the sites. Soil characteristics were compared and it was found that fertility, namely the carbon to nitrogen ratio, and the presence of expanding clays, were related to persistence. These microcosm protocols produced reliable data at low cost, and were useable for pre-release risk analyses for microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Gagliardi
- University of Maryland, Department of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Yu HH, Huang AS, Kolodkin AL. Semaphorin-1a acts in concert with the cell adhesion molecules fasciclin II and connectin to regulate axon fasciculation in Drosophila. Genetics 2000; 156:723-31. [PMID: 11014819 PMCID: PMC1461270 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/156.2.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins comprise a large family of phylogenetically conserved secreted and transmembrane glycoproteins, many of which have been implicated in repulsive axon guidance events. The transmembrane semaphorin Sema-1a in Drosophila is expressed on motor axons and is required for the generation of neuromuscular connectivity. Sema-1a can function as an axonal repellent and mediates motor axon defasciculation. Here, by manipulating the levels of Sema-1a and the cell adhesion molecules fasciclin II (Fas II) and connectin (Conn) on motor axons, we provide further evidence that Sema-1a mediates axonal defasciculation events by acting as an axonally localized repellent and that correct motor axon guidance results from a balance between attractive and repulsive guidance cues expressed on motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Shailubhai K, Yu HH, Karunanandaa K, Wang JY, Eber SL, Wang Y, Joo NS, Kim HD, Miedema BW, Abbas SZ, Boddupalli SS, Currie MG, Forte LR. Uroguanylin treatment suppresses polyp formation in the Apc(Min/+) mouse and induces apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cells via cyclic GMP. Cancer Res 2000; 60:5151-7. [PMID: 11016642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The enteric peptides, guanylin and uroguanylin, are local regulators of intestinal secretion by activation of receptor-guanylate cyclase (R-GC) signaling molecules that produce cyclic GMP (cGMP) and stimulate the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-dependent secretion of Cl- and HCO3-. Our experiments demonstrate that mRNA transcripts for guanylin and uroguanylin are markedly reduced in colon polyps and adenocarcinomas. In contrast, a specific uroguanylin-R-GC, R-GCC, is expressed in polyps and adenocarcinomas at levels comparable with normal colon mucosa. Activation of R-GCC by uroguanylin in vitro inhibits the proliferation of T84 colon cells and elicits profound apoptosis in human colon cancer cells, T84. Therefore, down-regulation of gene expression and loss of the peptides may interfere with renewal and/or removal of the epithelial cells resulting in the formation of polyps, which can progress to malignant cancers of the colon and rectum. Oral replacement therapy with human uroguanylin was used to evaluate its effects on the formation of intestinal polyps in the Min/+ mouse model for colorectal cancer. Uroguanylin significantly reduces the number of polyps found in the intestine of Min/+ mice by approximately 50% of control. Our findings suggest that uroguanylin and guanylin regulate the turnover of epithelial cells within the intestinal mucosa via activation of a cGMP signaling mechanism that elicits apoptosis of target enterocytes. The intestinal R-GC signaling molecules for guanylin regulatory peptides are promising targets for prevention and/or therapeutic treatment of intestinal polyps and cancers by oral administration of human uroguanylin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shailubhai
- Cancer Chemoprevention Group Nutrition Sector, Monsanto Life Sciences Company, St. Louis, Missouri 63167, USA
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Yu HH, Markowitz R, De Ferranti SD, Neufeld EJ, Farrow G, Bernstein HH, Rifai N. Direct measurement of LDL-C in children: performance of two surfactant-based methods in a general pediatric population. Clin Biochem 2000; 33:89-95. [PMID: 10751585 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(00)00055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several pediatric advisory groups have recommended selective screening for dyslipidemia in children. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is measured clinically with the Friedewald calculation in fasting samples. Nonfasting measurement of LDL-C would be clinically useful in children. DESIGN AND METHODS In the present study, we examine the performance of two surfactant-based direct LDL-C assays in paired samples, fasting and nonfasting, from 100 children. RESULTS LDL-C in the fasting state was significantly lower with the Friedewald estimation: 2.43 +/- 0. 61 mmol/L, N-geneous (Genzyme Corp.) direct LDL-C: 2.30 +/- 0.59 mmol/L, and Roche (Roche Diagnostics) direct LDL-C: 2.32 +/- 0.57 mmol/L than with ultracentrifugation-dextran-sulfate-Mg(2+) precipitation (UC-DS): 2.47 +/- 0.64 mmol/L. Moreover, there was increased negative bias using nonfasting samples with N-geneous: 2. 25 +/- 0.56 mmol/L and Roche: 2.26 +/- 0.56 mmol/L compared with fasting UC-DS. Correlation with US-DS was highest for Friedewald (r = 0.974) and fasting N-geneous (r = 0.973), and lowest with nonfasting N-geneous (r = 0.849) and Roche in fasting (r = 0.891) and nonfasting samples (r = 0.747). The sensitivity at LDL-C concentration of 2.85 mmol/L for the two direct methods when either fasting or nonfasting samples were used, was lower than that obtained with Friedewald. CONCLUSION Overall, these direct LDL-C assays demonstrated limited utility in screening children but may be useful in the management of lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Yu HH, Joubran R, Asmi M, Law T, Spencer A, Jouma M, Rifai N. Agreement among four homocysteine assays and results in patients with coronary atherosclerosis and controls. Clin Chem 2000; 46:258-64. [PMID: 10657383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with coronary atherosclerosis in many, but not all, prospective and retrospective studies. Some on these inconsistencies may be attributed to methodological variabilities. METHODS In the present study, three newly commercially available assays and one in-house HPLC assay for total homocysteine (tHcy) were utilized in 99 subjects with angiographically documented atherosclerosis and in 91 community controls matched by age, gender, and smoking history. The in-house assay, a modified Fortin and Genest HPLC method, was compared with the Bio-Rad HPLC assay, the Abbott IMx((R)) fluorescence polarization immunoassay, and a Bio-Rad enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) microtiter method. RESULTS Correlation coefficient values between the in-house HPLC assay and the Bio-Rad HPLC, the Abbott IMx, and the Bio-Rad EIA assays were 0.95, 0.96 and 0.90, respectively. Although tHcy concentrations were higher in cases compared with controls by all four methods, the difference reached statistical significance only with the in-house HPLC procedure (median, 13.5 +/- 6.7 micromol/L in cases vs 10.9 +/- 4.8 micromol/L in controls; P <0. 01, adjusting for covariates), where it was an independent predictor of case or control status, along with hypertension, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The tHcy distributions in cases and controls demonstrated significant overlap. The number of atherosclerotic major coronary vessels was associated with significantly higher tHcy (P <0.01 for trend) in all four methods. CONCLUSIONS The three commercial assays for tHcy differed in analytical and clinical performance. Analytically, the Abbott IMx method showed the best comparability with the in-house assay, but clinically, the three commercial methods were similar and did not distinguish cases from controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Yu HH, Ginsburg GS, O'Toole ML, Otvos JD, Douglas PS, Rifai N. Acute changes in serum lipids and lipoprotein subclasses in triathletes as assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19:1945-9. [PMID: 10446075 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.19.8.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is associated with changes in lipids that may protect against coronary heart disease (CHD). In this study of 28 triathletes, we analyzed acute changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations after completion of the 1995 World Championship Hawaii Ironman Triathlon. With standard laboratory assays, we demonstrate significant decreases in total cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, ApoB100, and Lp(a). Total HDL cholesterol increased significantly immediately after the race. With a novel proton NMR spectroscopy assay, we demonstrate that smaller diameter LDL particles, corresponding to small, dense LDL, declined by 62%. Moreover, larger HDL subclasses, whose levels are inversely associated with CHD, increased significantly by 11%. Smaller HDL subclasses, which have been directly associated with CHD in some studies, acutely decreased by 16%. Therefore, exercise not only acutely induces changes in lipoprotein concentrations among the standard species in a manner that favorably affects CHD risk, but also induces favorable changes in specific lipoprotein subclass size distribution that also may alter CHD risk independently of the total lipoprotein serum concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Huynh QK, Shailubhai K, Boddupalli H, Yu HH, Broschat KO, Jacob GS. Isolation and characterization from porcine serum of a soluble sulfotransferase responsible for 6-O-sulfation of the galactose residue in 2'-fucosyllactose: implications in the synthesis of the ligand for L-selectin. Glycoconj J 1999; 16:357-63. [PMID: 10619708 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007052228230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A soluble sulfotransferase from porcine serum which catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS) to 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) was purified 36,333-fold using a combination of conventional and affinity chromatographic steps. The purified enzyme preparation after non-denaturing discontinuous-PAGE exhibited a molecular mass of about 80 kDa by reducing SDS-PAGE. However, when a partially purified enzyme preparation was subjected to gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300, the enzyme activity eluted in the void volume, which indicated that the native enzyme existed as an oligomer. The purified enzyme showed Km values of 9.15 microM for PAPS and 15.38 mM for 2'-FL at the optimum pH value of 7.4. The substrate specificity of the purified enzyme was evaluated with various sugars that are structurally similar to sialyl LewisX (sLeX). Results indicated that 3'-sialyllactose and lactose were efficient acceptors of sulfation, whereas 6'-sialyllactose and 6'-sialyllactosamine were poor substrates for this sulfotransferase. Further, the reaction product analysis revealed that the sulfate substitution, when using 2'-FL as the substrate, was at the C-6 position of the galactose residue. Coincidentally, a similar enzyme activity was also found in porcine lymphoid tissues such as, lymph nodes (peripheral and mesenteric) and spleen. Collectively, these findings suggest that this enzyme might be involved in the synthesis of the ligand for L-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q K Huynh
- Discovery Research, G. D. Searle and Company, Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
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Abstract
Carboxyfullerene, a water-soluble carboxylic acid derivative of a fullerene, was investigated as a protective agent against iron-induced oxidative stress in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system of anesthetized rats. Intranigral infusion of exclusive carboxyfullerene did not increase lipid peroxidation in substantia nigra or deplete dopamine content in striatum. Infusion of ferrous citrate (iron II) induced degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. An increase in lipid peroxidation in substantia nigra as well as decreases in K+-evoked dopamine overflow and dopamine content in striatum were observed 7 days after the infusion. Co-infusion of carboxyfullerene prevented iron-induced oxidative injury. Furthermore, tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive staining showed that carboxyfullerene inhibited the iron-induced loss of the dopaminergic nerve terminals in striatum. The antioxidative action of carboxyfullerene was verified by in vitro studies. Incubation of brain homogenates increased the formation of the Schiff base fluorescent products of malonaldehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Both autooxidation (without exogenous iron) and iron-induced elevation of lipid peroxidation of brain homogenates were suppressed by carboxyfullerene in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest that intranigral infusion of carboxyfullerene appears to be nontoxic to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. Furthermore, the potent antioxidative action of carboxyfullerene protects the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system from iron-induced oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lin
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
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Shailubhai K, Khai Huynh Q, Boddupalli H, Yu HH, Jacob GS. Purification and characterization of a lymph node sulfotransferase responsible for 6-O-sulfation of the galactose residues in 2'-fucosyllactose and other sialyl LewisX-related sugars. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 256:170-6. [PMID: 10066442 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A microsomal galactose-6-O-sulfotransferase (Gal-6-O-Stase) from porcine lymph nodes, able to transfer the sulfate group from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS) onto 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and other sialyl LewisX (sLex)-related sugars, has been purified and characterized. The enzyme was purified to about 35,000-fold by a combination of conventional and affinity chromatographic steps. The purified enzyme preparation exhibited two protein bands at around 80-90 and 170 kDa on 7.5% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Both of these protein bands always comigrated in the gel when peak fractions containing Gal-6-O-Stase activity from the 3',5'-ADP-agarose column were subjected to 6% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. These protein bands also showed similar binding patterns to WGA (wheat germ agglutinin), Con A (concanvalin A), and EBA (elderberry agglutinin). Similarly, when the enzyme preparation after the hydroxylapatite step was photolabeled with 8-azido-[32P]-PAPS, both 80-90 and 170 kDa protein bands were labeled in a specific manner. These results suggest a possible association of these two protein bands with the enzyme activity. The carbohydrate substrate specificity of this enzyme suggests that it is well suited to catalyze the sulphonation at the C-6 position of the galactose residues of oligosaccharides that are structurally similar to sLex. Furthermore, a survey of several porcine organs revealed that this enzyme was selectively expressed in lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes (peripheral and mesenteric) and spleen. These findings suggest that this enzyme may be involved in the assembly of 3'-sialyl-6'-sulfo Lewisx, the major capping group of HEV-ligands for L-selectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shailubhai
- Searle Discovery Research, Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63167, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Abstract
Biologically active cDNA clones of cymbidium mosaic potexvirus (CymMV) were synthesized using a population cloning strategy. Three populations of overlapping RT-PCR products encompassing the entire viral RNA of CymMV were ligated into pBluescriptKS+ with T7 RNA polymerase promoter fused to the 5' extreme of the viral cDNA. Capped-RNA in vitro transcripts were infectious. This is the first report of successful synthesis of biologically active CymMV clones. Unlike the conventional methods, population cloning maximizes the probability of obtaining biologically active cDNA clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- School of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Grunwald ME, Yu WP, Yu HH, Yau KW. Identification of a domain on the beta-subunit of the rod cGMP-gated cation channel that mediates inhibition by calcium-calmodulin. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:9148-57. [PMID: 9535905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.15.9148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cGMP-gated cation channel mediating phototransduction in retinal rods has recently been shown to be inhibited by calcium-calmodulin, through direct binding of the latter to the beta-subunit of the heterotetrameric channel complex. Here, we report the characterization of this inhibition and the identification of a domain crucial for this modulation. Heterologous expression of the alpha- and beta-subunits of the human rod channel in HEK 293 cells produced a cGMP-gated current that was highly sensitive to calcium-calmodulin, with half-maximal inhibition at approximately 4 nM. In biochemical and electrophysiological experiments on deletion mutants of the beta-subunit, we have identified a region on its cytoplasmic N terminus that binds calmodulin and is necessary for the calmodulin-mediated inhibition of the channel. However, in gel shift assays and fluorescence emission experiments, peptides derived from this region indicated a low calmodulin affinity, with dissociation constants of approximately 3-10 microM. On the C terminus, a region was also found to bind calmodulin, but it was likewise of low affinity, and its deletion did not abolish the calmodulin-mediated inhibition. We suggest that although the identified region on the N terminus of the beta-subunit is crucial for the calmodulin effect, other regions are likely to be involved as well. In this respect, the rod channel appears to differ from the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, which is also modulated by calcium-calmodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Grunwald
- Department of Neuroscience and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2185, USA
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Abstract
The semaphorins comprise a large family of conserved glycoproteins, several members of which have been shown to function in repulsive neuronal growth cone guidance. We show here that Drosophila Semaphorin I (Sema I), a transmembrane semaphorin expressed on embryonic motor and CNS axons, is required for correct guidance of motor axons and for the formation of CNS pathways. In mutant embryos lacking Sema I, motor axons stall and fail to defasciculate at specific choice points where normally they would project to their muscle targets. In addition, a specific CNS fascicle fails to form correctly in these embryos. Rescue and ectopic expression experiments show that Sema I is required in neurons to mediate axon guidance decisions. These studies further suggest that like secreted semaphorins, transmembrane semaphorins can function as repulsive guidance cues for specific axon guidance events during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Wong SM, Lee KC, Yu HH, Leong WF. Phylogenetic analysis of triple gene block viruses based on the TGB 1 homolog gene indicates a convergent evolution. Virus Genes 1998; 16:295-302. [PMID: 9654683 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008034807216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of the triple gene block one (TGB 1) of cymbidium mosaic potexvirus (CymMV) was compared to those from other potex-, carla-, furo- and hordeiviruses. Seven conserved motifs in the TGB 1, including the ATP-GTP binding domain (P-Loop) consensus GXXGKTSTS, were found in all four virus genera. We propose that all TGBV can be classified into phylogenetic clusters based on their TGB 1 homolog genes. These clusters can be further delineated to form subgroups. The first cluster comprises the potexviruses which are further subdivided into three subgroups; BaMV, FMV, PlaMV and PapMV (subgroup Ia); CymMV, PAMV, NMV, SMYEaV and WC1MV (subgroup Ib) and PVX (subgroup Ic). The second cluster comprises carlaviruses with a dual subgrouping; CVB, LSV, PVM, PMV and ASPV (subgroup IIa) and LVX (subgroup IIb). The third cluster carries the most diverse of TGBV comprising furoviruses PCV, PMTV and BSBV (subgroup IIIa) and hordeiviruses PSLV, BSMV and LRSV (subgroup IIIb). The phylogenetic relationships of triple gene block viruses (TGBV) based on the TGB 1 homolog gene indicates a convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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Yu HH, Wong SM. A DNA clone encoding the full-length infectious genome of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus and mutagenesis of its coat protein gene. Arch Virol 1998; 143:163-71. [PMID: 9505974 DOI: 10.1007/s007050050276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A full-length DNA clone encoding the genome of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus (ORSV) was synthesized and placed adjacent to a bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase promoter. Capped-RNA transcripts produced in vitro were highly infectious when mechanically inoculated onto seedlings of Nicotiana benthamiana and Oncidium Gower Ramsey. A representative clone, designated pOT2, caused a disease phenotype identical to that produced by parental viral RNA. ELISA, Western blot analysis, Northern blot hybridization and electron microscopy verified the infectivity of pOT2. A coat protein deficient mutant of the clone, pO delta CP1, was produced with the initiation codon of the coat protein cistron of ORSV abolished. Transcripts from pO delta CP1 were infective, able to move in N. benthamiana but produced no coat protein. This demonstrates that the coat protein was dispensable for RNA replication and for movement. This is believed to be the first report of an ORSV infectious clone driven by a T7 RNA polymerase promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- School of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
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Yu HH, Ginsburg GS, Harris N, Rifai N. Evaluation and clinical application of a direct low-density lipoprotein cholesterol assay in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic adults. Am J Cardiol 1997; 80:1295-9. [PMID: 9388101 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(97)00668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the performance and clinical use of a commercial immunoseparation assay for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in a sample population of normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic adult volunteers. Using paired fasting and nonfasting samples, we compared the direct LDL assay with the beta quantification method and the Friedewald calculation. Overall, the direct LDL assay correctly classified 82% and 60% of fasting and nonfasting subjects, respectively, into National Cholesterol Education Program risk groups. The Friedewald method correctly classified 84% of subjects. The fasting direct LDL assay has comparable positive and negative predictive values to the Friedewald method, except at an LDL cholesterol of 100 mg/dl. The nonfasting direct LDL assay demonstrates unacceptable positive predictive values when LDL cholesterol decreases to the 130 to 159 and > or = 160 mg/dl categories. Overall, direct LDL assay demonstrates limitations in the nonfasting state and at the LDL cholesterol level of 100 mg/dl used for patients with established coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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