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Reglinski T, Wurms KV, Vanneste JL, Ah Chee A, Schipper M, Cornish D, Yu J, McAlinden J, Hedderley D. Kiwifruit Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and Defence Induction by Acibenzolar-S-methyl and Methyl Jasmonate Are Cultivar Dependent. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15952. [PMID: 37958935 PMCID: PMC10647243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen susceptibility and defence gene inducibility were compared between the Actinidia arguta cultivar 'Hortgem Tahi' and the two cultivars of A. chinensis 'Hayward' and 'Zesy002'. Plants were treated with acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) one week before inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa biovar3) or Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, or secondary induction with chitosan+glucan (Ch-Glu) as a potential pathogen proxy. Defence expression was evaluated by measuring the expression of 18 putative defence genes. 'Hortgem Tahi' was highly susceptible to sclerotinia and very resistant to Psa, whereas 'Zesy002' was highly resistant to both, and 'Hayward' was moderately susceptible to both. Gene expression in 'Hayward' and 'Zesy002' was alike but differed significantly from 'Hortgem Tahi' which had higher basal levels of PR1-i, PR5-i, JIH1, NPR3 and WRKY70 but lower expression of RD22 and PR2-i. Treatment with ASM caused upregulation of NIMIN2, PR1-i, WRKY70, DMR6 and PR5-i in all cultivars and induced resistance to Psa in 'Zesy002' and 'Hayward' but decreased resistance to sclerotinia in 'Zesy002'. MeJA application caused upregulation of LOX2 and downregulation of NIMIN2, DMR6 and PR2-i but did not affect disease susceptibility. The Ch-Glu inducer induced PR-gene families in each cultivar, highlighting its possible effectiveness as an alternative to actual pathogen inoculation. The significance of variations in fundamental and inducible gene expression among the cultivars is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Reglinski
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Kirstin V. Wurms
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Joel L. Vanneste
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Annette Ah Chee
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Magan Schipper
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Deirdre Cornish
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Janet Yu
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Jordan McAlinden
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (K.V.W.); (J.L.V.); (A.A.C.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- Palmerston North Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
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Reglinski T, Havis N, Rees HJ, de Jong H. The Practical Role of Induced Resistance for Crop Protection. Phytopathology 2023; 113:719-731. [PMID: 36636755 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-10-22-0400-ia] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a highly sophisticated immune system to resist pathogen attack comprising both preformed and inducible mechanisms. Over the last 50 years, various biological and chemical inducers have been used to artificially trigger the defense response in plants, thereby promoting an induced resistance (IR) to subsequent pathogen attack. IR has proven effective for disease control in laboratory and glasshouse conditions but has seldom equalled the level of protection offered by synthetic pesticides in the field. However, renewed interest in IR for crop protection is being driven by legislation to reduce the use of synthetic chemicals in agriculture. Inducers can contribute to integrated crop management strategies when used in combination with fungicides, bactericides, and with other biological control options. Integrating inducers in this way can reduce chemical inputs without loss of efficacy. Moreover, advances in our understanding of plant defense are informing the development of new inducers and guiding new strategies for their implementation in sustainable crop protection. This review will discuss the use of IR in selected cropping systems and describe opportunities for optimizing its potential, including the development of more effective inducers and their integration with conventional and cultural control options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, NZ
| | - Neil Havis
- Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, Scotland, U.K
| | - Helen J Rees
- Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, Scotland, U.K
| | - Huub de Jong
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, NZ
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Auckland University, Auckland, NZ
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Wurms KV, Reglinski T, Buissink P, Ah Chee A, Fehlmann C, McDonald S, Cooney J, Jensen D, Hedderley D, McKenzie C, Rikkerink EHA. Effects of Drought and Flooding on Phytohormones and Abscisic Acid Gene Expression in Kiwifruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087580. [PMID: 37108744 PMCID: PMC10143653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental extremes, such as drought and flooding, are becoming more common with global warming, resulting in significant crop losses. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the plant water stress response, regulated by the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway, is crucial to building resilience to climate change. Potted kiwifruit plants (two cultivars) were exposed to contrasting watering regimes (water logging and no water). Root and leaf tissues were sampled during the experiments to measure phytohormone levels and expression of ABA pathway genes. ABA increased significantly under drought conditions compared with the control and waterlogged plants. ABA-related gene responses were significantly greater in roots than leaves. ABA responsive genes, DREB2 and WRKY40, showed the greatest upregulation in roots with flooding, and the ABA biosynthesis gene, NCED3, with drought. Two ABA-catabolic genes, CYP707A i and ii were able to differentiate the water stress responses, with upregulation in flooding and downregulation in drought. This study has identified molecular markers and shown that water stress extremes induced strong phytohormone/ABA gene responses in the roots, which are the key site of water stress perception, supporting the theory kiwifruit plants regulate ABA to combat water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin V Wurms
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Tony Reglinski
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Poppy Buissink
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Annette Ah Chee
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Christina Fehlmann
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Stella McDonald
- Mount Albert Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Janine Cooney
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Dwayne Jensen
- Ruakura Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- Palmerston North Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Catherine McKenzie
- Te Puke Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Te Puke 3182, New Zealand
| | - Erik H A Rikkerink
- Mount Albert Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
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Reglinski T, Vanneste JL, Schipper MM, Cornish DA, Yu J, Oldham JM, Fehlmann C, Parry F, Hedderley D. Postharvest Application of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl Activates Salicylic Acid Pathway Genes in Kiwifruit Vines. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:833. [PMID: 36840179 PMCID: PMC9962033 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The plant defence inducer Actigard® (acibenzolar-S-methyl [ASM]) is applied before flowering and after fruit harvest to control bacterial canker in kiwifruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. Pre-flowering application of ASM is known to upregulate defence gene expression; however, the effect of postharvest ASM on defence gene expression in the vine is unknown. In this study, the expression of eight "defence marker" genes was measured in the leaves of Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis, "Zesy002," and Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa, "Hayward," vines after postharvest treatment with ASM and/or copper. There were two orchards per cultivar with harvest dates approximately three weeks apart for investigating potential changes in responsiveness to ASM during the harvest period. In all trials, postharvest ASM induced the expression of salicylic-acid-pathway defence genes PR1, PR2, PR5, BAD, DMR6, NIMIN2, and WRKY70. Gene upregulation was the greatest at 1 day and 7 days after treatment and declined to the control level after 3 weeks. In "Zesy002", the ASM-induced response was greater at the early harvest site than at the late harvest site. This decline was concomitant with leaf yellowing and a reduction in RNA yield. Effects of postharvest ASM on gene expression did not persist into the following spring, nor were vines conditioned to respond more strongly to pre-flowering ASM application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Joel L. Vanneste
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Magan M. Schipper
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Deirdre A. Cornish
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Janet Yu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Jenny M. Oldham
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Christina Fehlmann
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Frank Parry
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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Gould N, Thorpe MR, Taylor JT, Boldingh HL, McKenzie CM, Reglinski T. A Jasmonate-Induced Defense Elicitation in Mature Leaves Reduces Carbon Export and Alters Sink Priority in Grape (Vitis vinifera Chardonnay). Plants 2021; 10:plants10112406. [PMID: 34834769 PMCID: PMC8624114 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to understand how Vitis vinifera (Chardonnay) vines prioritise the export and distribution of recently fixed photoassimilate between root tissue, fruit, and defence, following the elicitation of a defence response. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester, MeJA, are endogenous plant hormones, known collectively as jasmonates, that have signalling roles in plant defence and consequently are often used to prime plant defence systems. Here, we use exogenous jasmonate application to mature source leaves of Chardonnay grapevines to elucidate the prioritisation strategy of carbon allocation between plant defence and growth. Our results demonstrate that jasmonate application to Chardonnay leaves can elicit a defence response to Botrytis cinerea, but the effect was localised to the jasmonate-treated area. We found no evidence of a systemic defence response in non-treated mature leaves or young growing tissue. JA application reduced the photosynthetic rate of the treated leaf and reduced the export rate of recently fixed carbon-11 from the leaf. Following JA application, a greater proportion of available recently fixed carbon was allocated to the roots, suggesting an increase in sink strength of the roots. Relative sink strength of the berries did not change; however, an increase in berry sugar was observed seven days after JA treatment. We conclude that the data provide evidence for a “high sugar resistance” model in the mature treated leaves of the vine, since the export of carbon was reduced to ensure an elevated defence response in the treated leaf. The increase in berry sugar concentration seven days after treatment can be explained by the initial prioritisation of a greater portion of the exported carbon to storage in the roots, making it available for remobilisation to the berries once the challenge to defence had passed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Gould
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 412 No 1 Road, RD 2, Te Puke 3182, New Zealand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-7-928-9831
| | - Michael R. Thorpe
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Joe T. Taylor
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Bisley Road, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (J.T.T.); (H.L.B.); (T.R.)
| | - Helen L. Boldingh
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Bisley Road, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (J.T.T.); (H.L.B.); (T.R.)
| | - Catherine M. McKenzie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 412 No 1 Road, RD 2, Te Puke 3182, New Zealand;
| | - Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Bisley Road, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand; (J.T.T.); (H.L.B.); (T.R.)
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Wurms KV, Hardaker AJ, Ah Chee A, Bowen J, Phipps J, Taylor J, Jensen D, Cooney J, Wohlers M, Reglinski T. Corrigendum: Phytohormone and Putative Defense Gene Expression Differentiates the Response of 'Hayward' Kiwifruit to Psa and Pfm Infections. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:2012. [PMID: 29181018 PMCID: PMC5698695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article on p. 1366 in vol. 8, PMID: 28824694.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin V. Wurms
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Allan J. Hardaker
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Annette Ah Chee
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Judith Bowen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Janet Phipps
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Joseph Taylor
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Dwayne Jensen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Janine Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mark Wohlers
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Wurms KV, Hardaker AJ, Ah Chee A, Bowen J, Phipps J, Taylor J, Jensen D, Cooney J, Wohlers M, Reglinski T. Phytohormone and Putative Defense Gene Expression Differentiates the Response of 'Hayward' Kiwifruit to Psa and Pfm Infections. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1366. [PMID: 28824694 PMCID: PMC5543098 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidifoliorum (Pfm) are closely related pathovars infecting kiwifruit, but Psa is considered one of the most important global pathogens, whereas Pfm is not. In this study of Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward' responses to the two pathovars, the objective was to test whether differences in plant defense responses mounted against the two pathovars correlated with the contrasting severity of the symptoms caused by them. Results showed that Psa infections were always more severe than Pfm infections, and were associated with highly localized, differential expression of phytohormones and putative defense gene transcripts in stem tissue closest to the inoculation site. Phytohormone concentrations of jasmonic acid (JA), jasmonate isoleucine (JA-Ile), salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid were always greater in stem tissue than in leaves, and leaf phytohormones were not affected by pathogen inoculation. Pfm inoculation induced a threefold increase in SA in stems relative to Psa inoculation, and a smaller 1.6-fold induction of JA. Transcript expression showed no effect of inoculation in leaves, but Pfm inoculation resulted in the greatest elevation of the SA marker genes, PR1 and glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase (β-1,3-glucosidase) (32- and 25-fold increases, respectively) in stem tissue surrounding the inoculation site. Pfm inoculation also produced a stronger response than Psa inoculation in localized stem tissue for the SA marker gene PR6, jasmonoyl-isoleucine-12-hydrolase (JIH1), which acts as a negative marker of the JA pathway, and APETALA2/Ethylene response factor 2 transcription factor (AP2 ERF2), which is involved in JA/SA crosstalk. WRKY40 transcription factor (a SA marker) was induced equally in stems by wounding (mock inoculation) and pathovar inoculation. Taken together, these results suggest that the host appears to mount a stronger, localized, SA-based defense response to Pfm than Psa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin V. Wurms
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Allan J. Hardaker
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Annette Ah Chee
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Judith Bowen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Janet Phipps
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Joseph Taylor
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Dwayne Jensen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Janine Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mark Wohlers
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
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Abdul Latif NS, Wake GC, Reglinski T, Elmer PAG. Modelling induced resistance to plant diseases. J Theor Biol 2014; 347:144-50. [PMID: 24398025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant disease control has traditionally relied heavily on the use of agrochemicals despite their potentially negative impact on the environment. An alternative strategy is that of induced resistance (IR). However, while IR has proven effective in controlled environments, it has shown variable field efficacy, thus raising questions about its potential for disease management in a given crop. Mathematical modelling of IR assists researchers with understanding the dynamics of the phenomenon in a given plant cohort against a selected disease-causing pathogen. Here, a prototype mathematical model of IR promoted by a chemical elicitor is proposed and analysed. Standard epidemiological models describe that, under appropriate environmental conditions, Susceptible plants (S) may become Diseased (D) upon exposure to a compatible pathogen or are able to Resist the infection (R) via basal host defence mechanisms. The application of an elicitor enhances the basal defence response thereby affecting the relative proportion of plants in each of the S, R and D compartments. IR is a transient response and is modelled using reversible processes to describe the temporal evolution of the compartments. Over time, plants can move between these compartments. For example, a plant in the R-compartment can move into the S-compartment and can then become diseased. Once in the D-compartment, however, it is assumed that there is no recovery. The terms in the equations are identified using established principles governing disease transmission and this introduces parameters which are determined by matching data to the model using computer-based algorithms. These then give the best match of the model with experimental data. The model predicts the relative proportion of plants in each compartment and quantitatively estimates elicitor effectiveness. An illustrative case study will be given; however, the model is generic and will be applicable for a range of plant-pathogen-elicitor scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul S Abdul Latif
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia; Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme C Wake
- Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Philip A G Elmer
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Reglinski T, Vanneste JL, Wurms K, Gould E, Spinelli F, Rikkerink E. Using fundamental knowledge of induced resistance to develop control strategies for bacterial canker of kiwifruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. Front Plant Sci 2013; 4:24. [PMID: 23437017 PMCID: PMC3579167 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Joel L. Vanneste
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Kirstin Wurms
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Elaine Gould
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Francesco Spinelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of BolognaBologna, Italy
| | - Erik Rikkerink
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
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Abdul Latif NS, Wake GC, Reglinski T, Elmer PAG, Taylor JT. Modeling induced resistance to plant disease using a dynamical systems approach. Front Plant Sci 2013; 4:19. [PMID: 23424585 PMCID: PMC3574978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul S. Abdul Latif
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia KelantanJeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey UniversityAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme C. Wake
- Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey UniversityAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony Reglinski
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
- *Correspondence:
| | - Philip A. G. Elmer
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Joseph T. Taylor
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedHamilton, New Zealand
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Wurms K, Ah Chee A, Reglinski T, Taylor J, Wang M, Friel E, Chynoweth R. POSTHARVEST VOLATILE TREATMENTS AND PREHARVEST ELICITOR APPLICATIONS REDUCE RIPE ROT DISEASE INCIDENCE IN 'HORT16A' KIWIFRUIT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2011.913.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Bunch rot of grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea is responsible for crop losses exceeding 30 under favourable disease conditions The potential for greater losses exists due to a marketdriven industrywide shift towards nil pesticide residues spray programmes Plant Food Research is developing nil residue biological and natural products in partnership with New Zealand Winegrowers Technology New Zealand the Foundation for Research Science and Technology and BotryZen Limited The biological product BOTRYZen based upon Ulocladium oudemansii (Patent PCT/NZ01/00111) is applied early season for control of Botrytis and ARMOURZen a chitosanbased natural product formulation is applied mid and late season and complements BOTRYZen Two developmental products NP2 (PCT/NZ2005/000167) and BCAL1 have provided excellent control of Botrytis during mid to late season NP2 is a plantbased natural product suitable for use mid season while BCAL1 colonises the berry surface thereby preventing Botrytis infection preharvest These field trial results demonstrate that nil residue full season biological control of Botrytis is achievable with crop losses being similar to those under current fungicidebased spray programmes
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Abstract
Disease management in fruit crops worldwide is heavily dependent upon the application of synthetic fungicides for pathogen control However restrictions on fungicide use and widespread emergence of pathogen resistance has increased global demand for more sustainable production systems and driven research towards alternative disease control strategies Biological control which includes elicitors of host defence microbial antagonists and natural products offers an attractive alternative to synthetic pesticides This paper reviews the commercialisation of biological control agents for botrytis in grapes (BOTRYZen) and fire blight in apples and pears (Blossom Bless PomaVita) and the development of a biological control agent for sclerotinia in kiwifruit The importance of understanding disease epidemiology as a prerequisite for developing a biological control system is discussed along with future prospects for biological control of these pathogens
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