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Yufa A, Mikael A, Gautier G, Yoo J, Vo TD, Tayyarah M, Behseresht D, Hsu J, Andacheh I. Percutaneous Axillary Artery Access for Peripheral and Complex Endovascular Interventions: Clinical Outcomes and Cost Benefits. Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 83:176-183. [PMID: 34954376 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the safety, efficacy, and applicability of percutaneous axillary artery (pAxA) access in patients requiring upper extremity large sheath access during complex aortic, cardiac, and peripheral endovascular procedures. We also take this opportunity to address the potential cost-benefits offered by pAxA access compared to open upper extremity access. METHODS A total of 26 consecutive patients, between June 2018 and October 2020, underwent endovascular intervention, requiring upper extremity access (UEA). Ultrasound-guided, percutaneous access of the axillary artery was used in all 26 patients with off-label use of pre-close technique with Perclose ProGlide closure devices. Access sites accommodated sheath sizes that ranged from 6 to 14 French (F). End points were technical success and access site-related complications including isolated neuropathies, hematoma, distal embolization, access-site thrombosis, and post-operative bleeding requiring secondary interventions. Technical success was defined as successful arterial closure intraoperatively with no evidence of stenosis, occlusion, or persistent bleeding, requiring additional intervention. RESULTS Of the 26 patients requiring pAxA access, 15 underwent complex endovascular aortic aneurysm repairs (EVAR) with branched, fenestrated, snorkel, or parallel endografts, 6 underwent peripheral vascular interventions, and 5 underwent cardiac interventions. Fifty-three percent accommodated sheath sizes of 12F or higher. Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases with no major perioperative access complications requiring additional open or endovascular procedures. In our series, we had one post-operative mortality secondary to myocardial infarction in a patient with significant coronary artery disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data again demonstrated the proposed safety and efficacy attributable to pAxA access, while extending its application to wide spectrum of endovascular interventions which included peripheral or coronary vascular in addition to complex EVAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Yufa
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 5501 Old York Road, Klein 510, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19141; University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92521.
| | - Amarseen Mikael
- University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92521; Riverside Community Hospital, 4445 Magnolia Ave., RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92501
| | - Gloryanne Gautier
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 5501 Old York Road, Klein 510, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19141
| | - Joseph Yoo
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, 5501 Old York Road, Klein 510, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19141
| | - Trung Duong Vo
- Kaiser Permanente, Southern California Medical Group, 9961 Sierra Ave., Department of Surgery, FONTANA, CALIFORNIA 92335
| | - Majid Tayyarah
- Kaiser Permanente, Southern California Medical Group, 9961 Sierra Ave., Department of Surgery, FONTANA, CALIFORNIA 92335
| | - Darian Behseresht
- Kaiser Permanente, Southern California Medical Group, 9961 Sierra Ave., Department of Surgery, FONTANA, CALIFORNIA 92335
| | - Jeffrey Hsu
- Kaiser Permanente, Southern California Medical Group, 9961 Sierra Ave., Department of Surgery, FONTANA, CALIFORNIA 92335
| | - Iden Andacheh
- University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92521; Kaiser Permanente, Southern California Medical Group, 9961 Sierra Ave., Department of Surgery, FONTANA, CALIFORNIA 92335
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2
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Chu EY, Vo TD, Chavez MB, Nagasaki A, Mertz EL, Nociti FH, Aitken SF, Kavanagh D, Zimmerman K, Li X, Stabach PR, Braddock DT, Millán JL, Foster BL, Somerman MJ. Genetic and pharmacologic modulation of cementogenesis via pyrophosphate regulators. Bone 2020; 136:115329. [PMID: 32224162 PMCID: PMC7482720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pyrophosphate (PPi) serves as a potent and physiologically important regulator of mineralization, with systemic and local concentrations determined by several key regulators, including: tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALPL gene; TNAP protein), the progressive ankylosis protein (ANKH; ANK), and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1; ENPP1). Results to date have indicated important roles for PPi in cementum formation, and we addressed several gaps in knowledge by employing genetically edited mouse models where PPi metabolism was disrupted and pharmacologically modulating PPi in a PPi-deficient mouse model. We demonstrate that acellular cementum growth is inversely proportional to PPi levels, with reduced cementum in Alpl KO (increased PPi levels) mice and excess cementum in Ank KO mice (decreased PPi levels). Moreover, simultaneous ablation of Alpl and Ank results in reestablishment of functional cementum in dKO mice. Additional reduction of PPi by dual deletion of Ank and Enpp1 does not further increase cementogenesis, and PDL space is maintained in part through bone modeling/remodeling by osteoclasts. Our results provide insights into cementum formation and expand our knowledge of how PPi regulates cementum. We also demonstrate for the first time that pharmacologic manipulation of PPi through an ENPP1-Fc fusion protein can regulate cementum growth, supporting therapeutic interventions targeting PPi metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Chu
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - T D Vo
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M B Chavez
- Biosciences Division, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Nagasaki
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E L Mertz
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S F Aitken
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D Kavanagh
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K Zimmerman
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - P R Stabach
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D T Braddock
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J L Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B L Foster
- Biosciences Division, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M J Somerman
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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3
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Bae E, Vo TD. Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting for Atherosclerotic Plaque with Mobile Intimal Flap. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 49:310.e1-310.e3. [PMID: 29477683 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic carotid stenosis associated with a mobile carotid plaque (MCP) is a relatively rare entity, observed in less than 1 in 2,000 carotid ultrasound examinations. As such, the natural history of this lesion and risk for neurological thromboembolic complications are not well defined. Small case reports have described treatment varying from medical management with anticoagulation, to carotid endarterectomy, and more recently, carotid stenting. We present two patients with carotid stenosis associated with a MCP. A distinct MCP component that varied with the cardiac cycle was clearly delineated on ultrasound in both patients. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) at the time of carotid stenting confirmed the MCP. Successful carotid angioplasty and stenting was performed in both patients with resolution of the MCP documented on IVUS and follow-up duplex ultrasound. Although the definitive treatment method remains uncertain, carotid stenting is a viable option for treatment in patients with MCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Bae
- Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of General Surgery, Colton, CA
| | - Trung Duong Vo
- Kaiser Permanente Fontana, Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Fontana, CA.
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Bae E, Vo TD. Endovascular Repair of Concomitant Celiac and Splenic Artery Aneurysms Using a Combination of Coil Embolization and Aortic Cuff Stent Graft. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 42:62.e1-62.e4. [PMID: 28286185 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2016.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Large celiac artery aneurysms are associated with a high rupture and mortality risk. Traditionally, open surgical repair has been the mainstay of treatment. Endovascular alternatives have been increasingly described, ranging from coil embolization to exclusion with covered stent grafts. Certain features such as a short wide neck, small vessel diameters, and severe vessel tortuosity can limit these two options. We describe a 75-year-old man with a splenic and celiac trunk aneurysm that was treated using a combination of coil embolization to occlude the outflow artery and aneurysm sac, followed by an aortic stent graft cuff to block the inflow. This resulted in successful exclusion of the splenic and celiac artery aneurysms while preserving flow to both the spleen and liver through collateral pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Bae
- Department of General Surgery, Arrowhead Regional and Kaiser Permanente Fontana Medical Centers, Fontana, CA
| | - Trung Duong Vo
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Fontana, CA.
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5
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Bae E, Vo TD. Endovascular Repair of Concomitant Celiac and Splenic Artery Aneurysms Using a Combination of Coil Embolization and Aortic Cuff Stent Graft. Ann Vasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2016.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xiong C, Vo TD, Collins MJ, Li J, Krauss TF, Steel MJ, Clark AS, Eggleton BJ. Bidirectional multiplexing of heralded single photons from a silicon chip. Opt Lett 2013; 38:5176-5179. [PMID: 24281539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.005176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate integrated spatial multiplexing of heralded single photons generated from a single 96 μm long silicon photonic crystal waveguide in a bidirectional pump configuration. By using a low-loss fiber-coupled opto-ceramic switch, the multiplexing technique enhances the brightness of the single photon source by 51.2±4.0% while maintaining the coincidence-to-accidental ratio. Compared with the demonstration of multiplexing two individual sources, the bidirectional pump scheme represents a twofold reduction in the footprint of nonlinear devices for future large-scale integration of on-chip single photon sources. The 51.2±4.0% gain will make any quantum operation requiring n photons 1.5(n) times faster.
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Husko C, Vo TD, Corcoran B, Li J, Krauss TF, Eggleton BJ. Ultracompact all-optical XOR logic gate in a slow-light silicon photonic crystal waveguide. Opt Express 2011; 19:20681-20690. [PMID: 21997079 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.020681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an ultracompact, chip-based, all-optical exclusive-OR (XOR) logic gate via slow-light enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM) in a silicon photonic crystal waveguide (PhCWG). We achieve error-free operation (<10⁻⁹) for 40 Gbit/s differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals with a 2.8 dB power penalty. Slowing the light to vg = c/32 enables a FWM conversion efficiency, η, of -30 dB for a 396 μm device. The nonlinear FWM process is enhanced by 20 dB compared to a relatively fast mode of vg = c/5. The XOR operation requires ≈ 41 mW, corresponding to a switching energy of 1 pJ/bit. We compare the slow-light PhCWG device performance with experimentally demonstrated XOR DPSK logic gates in other platforms and discuss scaling the device operation to higher bit-rates. The ultracompact structure suggests the potential for device integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Husko
- Centre for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Li F, Vo TD, Husko C, Pelusi M, Xu DX, Densmore A, Ma R, Janz S, Eggleton BJ, Moss DJ. All-optical XOR logic gate for 40Gb/s DPSK signals via FWM in a silicon nanowire. Opt Express 2011; 19:20364-20371. [PMID: 21997046 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an all-optical XOR logic function for 40Gb/s differential phase-shift keyed (DPSK) data signals in the C-band, based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in a silicon nanowire. Error-free operation with a system penalty of ~3.0dB and ~4.3dB at 10⁻⁹ BER is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Centre for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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9
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Vo TD, Hu H, Galili M, Palushani E, Xu J, Oxenløwe LK, Madden SJ, Choi DY, Bulla DAP, Pelusi MD, Schröder J, Luther-Davies B, Eggleton BJ. Photonic chip based transmitter optimization and receiver demultiplexing of a 1.28 Tbit/s OTDM signal. Opt Express 2010; 18:17252-17261. [PMID: 20721113 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.017252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate chip-based Tbaud optical signal processing for all-optical performance monitoring, switching and demultiplexing based on the instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity in a dispersion-engineered As(2)S(3) planar waveguide. At the Tbaud transmitter, we use a THz bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum analyzer to perform all-optical performance monitoring and to optimize the optical time division multiplexing stages as well as mitigate impairments, for example, dispersion. At the Tbaud receiver, we demonstrate error-free demultiplexing of a 1.28 Tbit/s single wavelength, return-to-zero signal to 10 Gbit/s via four-wave mixing with negligible system penalty (< 0.5 dB). Excellent performance, including high four-wave mixing conversion efficiency and no indication of an error-floor, was achieved. Our results establish the feasibility of Tbaud signal processing using compact nonlinear planar waveguides for Tbit/s Ethernet applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Vo
- ARC Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems, Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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10
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Vo TD, Pelusi MD, Schröder J, Luan F, Madden SJ, Choi DY, Bulla DAP, Luther-Davies B, Eggleton BJ. Simultaneous multi-impairment monitoring of 640 Gb/s signals using photonic chip based RF spectrum analyzer. Opt Express 2010; 18:3938-3945. [PMID: 20389406 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.003938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of simultaneous multi-impairment monitoring at ultrahigh bitrates using a THz bandwidth photonic-chip-based radio-frequency (RF) spectrum analyzer. Our approach employs a 7 cm long, highly nonlinear (gamma approximately 9900 /W/km), dispersion engineered chalcogenide planar waveguide to capture the RF spectrum of an ultrafast 640 Gb/s signal, based on cross-phase modulation, from which we numerically retrieve the autocorrelation waveform. The relationship between the retrieved autocorrelation trace and signal impairments is exploited to simultaneously monitor dispersion, in-band optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) and timing jitter from a single measurement. This novel approach also offers very high OSNR measurement dynamic range (> 30 dB) and is scalable to terabit data rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Vo
- ARC Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Pelusi MD, Vo TD, Luan F, Madden SJ, Choi DY, Bulla DAP, Luther-Davies B, Eggleton BJ. Terahertz bandwidth RF spectrum analysis of femtosecond pulses using a chalcogenide chip. Opt Express 2009; 17:9314-9322. [PMID: 19466183 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.009314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of the use of an RF spectrum analyser with multi-terahertz bandwidth to measure the properties of femtosecond optical pulses. A low distortion and broad measurement bandwidth of 2.78 THz (nearly two orders of magnitude greater than conventional opto-electronic analyzers) was achieved by using a 6 cm long As(2)S(3) chalcogenide waveguide designed for high Kerr nonlinearity and near zero dispersion. Measurements of pulses as short as 260 fs produced from a soliton-effect compressor reveal features not evident from the pulse's optical spectrum. We also applied an inverse Fourier transform numerically to the captured data to re-construct a time-domain waveform that resembled pulse measurement obtained from intensity autocorrelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Pelusi
- ARC Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems, Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Abstract
A 14-month-old Yorkshire boar was examined. In the abdomen, two big tumour masses were found in the intestines. In addition, pale nodules occurred in the liver, kidneys, in and upon the spleen, in the wall of the heart and in the testicles. By immunohistochemistry tumour cells were positive for CD3, but negative for B-lymphocyte antigen and CD79. From these findings it was concluded that the boar was suffering from multicentric lymphosarcoma probably of T-cell origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Vo
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Rakozy CK, Mohamed AN, Vo TD, Khatib G, Long PM, Eilender D, Palutke M. CD56+/CD4+ lymphomas and leukemias are morphologically, immunophenotypically, cytogenetically, and clinically diverse. Am J Clin Pathol 2001; 116:168-76. [PMID: 11488062 DOI: 10.1309/fmyw-ul3g-1d7j-ecqf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CD56, a neural adhesion molecule, is a marker of natural killer (NK) lymphocytes as well as a subgroup of CD8+ T cells. Normal lymphocytes with a CD56/CD4 phenotype are scarce. Physiologic increases may occur in patients with immunosuppression, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. We report 4 cases of lymphomas/leukemias with the unusual CD56/CD4 phenotype. Two were of T-cell and 2 of true NK-cell origin. The T-cell lymphomas had large granular lymphocyte morphologic features and splenomegaly. One patients had a benign course; the other died within months of the leukemia diagnosis. The 2 NK cell lymphomas had blastic morphologic features, initially involved skin, and had a very aggressive clinical course; 1 patient died of acute leukemia, and 1 had recurrence after bone marrow transplantation. Cytogenetic analyses did not show a consistent pattern of abnormalities. The NK lymphoma with acute leukemia had a t(2;5) but was CD30- and anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative. Although CD56+/CD4+ lymphomas/leukemias are a heterogeneous group, there may be a distinct subgroup of NK lymphoblastoid lymphomas of the skin, judging from our cases, as well as those previously reported.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- CD4 Antigens/analysis
- CD56 Antigen/analysis
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Leukemia/genetics
- Leukemia/immunology
- Leukemia/pathology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphoma/genetics
- Lymphoma/immunology
- Lymphoma/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Palatine Tonsil/pathology
- Skin/pathology
- Spleen/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Rakozy
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, MI, USA
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Abstract
Symptoms of fever and/or rigours after transfusion continue to occur commonly in patients receiving platelets leucocyte-reduced after storage. A cohort of 24 consecutive patients who had experienced severe or repeated febrile nonhaemolytic reactions to post-storage leucocyte-reduced platelet transfusions were treated with saline-washed, post-storage leucocyte-reduced platelets. The frequency of reactions declined from 20% of transfusions (n = 191) to 0.6% (n = 331) after instituting saline-washed, post-storage leucocyte-reduced platelet transfusions. These results support the hypothesis that substances present in the supernatant of stored platelet concentrates mediate febrile nonhaemolytic transfusion reactions, and provide one strategy for preventing their occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Vo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center and Strong Memorial Hospital, NY 14642, USA
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Abstract
In malignant gliomas, the characteristically heterogeneous features and frequent diffuse spread within the brain have raised the question of whether malignant gliomas arise monoclonally from a single precursor cell or polyclonally from multiple transformed cells forming confluent clones. Although monoclonality has been shown in surgically resected tissues, these may not include the full spectrum of patterns seen on autopsy material. Little is known about the clonality of low-grade gliomas from which malignant gliomas may sometimes arise. We sought to investigate the clonality of low-grade and malignant gliomas by using and comparing surgical and autopsy material with a Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for nonrandom X chromosome inactivation. For that, purpose, archival surgical and autopsy material from 15 female patients (group A) (age 4 to 73 years; median, 45) with malignant gliomas (12 glioblastomas, one gliosarcoma, one anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, one gliomatosis cerebri), surgical material only from 21 female patients (group S) (age 6 to 78 years; median, 60) with low-grade and malignant gliomas (four low-grade astrocytomas, three oligoastrocytomas, two anaplastic astrocytomas, one gemistocytic astrocytoma, four oligodendrogliomas, seven glioblastomas) were analyzed. In group A, representative areas (mean = 5/patient; median = 7) were microdissected from tissue sections and assayed by PCR amplification of a highly polymorphic microsatellite marker locus of the human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA) in the presence of alpha32P with and without predigestion with a methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (HhaI). Products were resolved by denaturing gel electrophoresis and autoradiographed. In group S, selected tumor areas were used for the assay. Each patient's normal brain tissue was used for control. The band intensity of alleles were measured by densitometric scanning. In group A, 13 of 15 cases were informative (heterozygous). The same pattern of nonrandom X chromosome inactivation was present in all areas of solid dense and moderate tumor infiltration in eight including all components of the gliosarcoma. Two of eight also showed focal loss of heterozygosity (LOH). One of 13 presented global LOH. Two of 13 showed microsatellite instability, one of which in a patient with Turcot syndrome, the other in gliomatosis cerebri. Opposite skewing patterns were seen in distant areas of gliomatosis cerebri consistent with oligoclonal derivation. Clonality remained indeterminate in one glioblastoma and in the anaplastic oligoastrocytoma because of skewed lyonization in the normal control. In group S, 19 of 21 cases were informative. Fifteen of 19 were monoclonal (four low-grade astrocytomas, one anaplastic astrocytoma, one gemistocytic astrocytoma, two oligodendrogliomas, one oligoastrocytoma, six glioblastomas). Four of 19 were indeterminate. We conclude that (1) Low-grade and malignant gliomas are usually monoclonal tumors, and extensively infiltrating tumors must result from migration of tumor cells (2) Gliomatosis cerebri may initiate as an oligoclonal process or result from collision gliomas (3) Biphasic gliomas likely arise from a single precursor cell. (4) LOH at the HUMARA locus is probably related to partial or complete deletion of an X-chromosome, which occurs in malignant gliomas during clonal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Kattar
- Department of Pathology, Harper Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Carlock LR, Vo TD, DeHaven CR, Murray JC. An anonymous genomic clone that detects a frequent RFLP adjacent to the D4S10 (G8) marker and Huntington's disease. Nucleic Acids Res 1987; 15:377. [PMID: 2881254 PMCID: PMC340430 DOI: 10.1093/nar/15.1.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Abstract
A relatively powerful and inexpensive microcomputer-based system for the spectral analysis of the EEG is presented. High resolution and speed is achieved with the use of recently available large-scale integrated circuit technology with enhanced functionality (INTEL Math co-processors 8087) which can perform transcendental functions rapidly. The versatility of the system is achieved with a hardware organization that has distributed data acquisition capability performed by the use of a microprocessor-based analog to digital converter with large resident memory (Cyborg ISAAC-2000). Compiled BASIC programs and assembly language subroutines perform on-line or off-line the fast Fourier transform and spectral analysis of the EEG which is stored as soft as well as hard copy. Some results obtained from test application of the entire system in animal studies are presented.
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Szeto HH, Vo TD, Dwyer G, Dogramajian ME, Cox MJ, Senger G. The ontogeny of fetal lamb electrocortical activity: a power spectral analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 153:462-6. [PMID: 4050921 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(85)90088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the use of a relatively inexpensive microcomputer-based system for power spectral analysis, we have been able to provide quantitative information on maturational changes in electrocorticogram waveforms in the third-trimester fetal lamb. Twenty-six electrocorticogram recordings were obtained from nine fetal lambs, with gestational ages ranging from 114 to 139 days' gestation. The transition from disorganized to cyclic electrocorticogram activity (high-voltage slow activity and low-voltage fast activity) occurred at approximately 115 to 120 days' gestation. However, quantitative changes in waveform characteristics of the electrocorticogram continued throughout the rest of gestation. These maturational changes occurred primarily in the low-voltage fast activity periods, with a decrease in power density in the delta (0.3 to 3 Hz) band and an increase in the maximum frequencies detected in the beta (15 to 30 Hz) band. There were no significant changes in the power spectrum of the high-voltage slow activity periods as a function of gestational age.
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