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Kashyap A, Singh N, Malhotra N, Mahey R, Perumal V, Vatsa R, Patel G, Saini M. O-292 Comparison of effect of two different trigger regimens; single (hCG) versus dual (hCG + Leuprolide) on outcome of fresh IVF cycles: A randomized controlled trial. Hum Reprod 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384440 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac106.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does adding gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) to hCG trigger increases the number of high-grade embryos in GnRH antagonist protocol in fresh non-donor IVF?
Summary answer
Final oocyte maturation triggered by dual trigger increases the number of MII oocytes thus transferring good-quality embryos and cryopreserving surplus embryos compared to hCG trigger.
What is known already
hCG has been conventionally used as a ‘faux’ LH surge to bring about final oocyte maturation due to structural similarity between the two. GnRH agonist, on the other hand, induces a more physiological gonadotropin surge for follicular maturation, but is associated with luteal phase deficiency. Recent studies have shown that combining GnRHa with hCG trigger improves oocyte maturation and embryo quality with the added benefit of a luteal phase support, thereby improving IVF outcomes in terms of both embryological and reproductive outcomes.
Study design, size, duration
A single-center, open labelled, randomized controlled trial including 100 normal responder patients between 21-38 years undergoing IVF using GnRH antagonist protocol between January 2020 to August 2021. The study excluded patients with the presence of other variables of adverse outcomes like diminished ovarian reserve (AFC < 5 or AMH < 1.2 ng/ml), endocrine disorders, thin endometrium (<6mm), previous history of uterine surgeries, and high responders.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
100 patients undergoing fresh IVF cycle using GnRH antagonist protocol were randomized after informed consent to receive either dual trigger (Leuprolide acetate 1 mg + rhCG 250 mcg, n = 50) or single hCG trigger (rhCG 250 mcg, n = 50). Oocyte retrieval was done 35-37 hours after trigger followed by IVF/ICSI, as indicated. Oocyte and embryo grading was done using Istanbul consensus. Analysis was done by ITT. Outcomes were analyzed using Independent t-test and Chi-square test.
Main results and the role of chance
The baseline characteristics were comparable in both arms. the number of MII oocytes retrieved (7.82 versus 5.92, p = 0.003) and the number of day-3 grade-1 embryos (4.24 versus 1.8, p < 0.001) were higher in the dual trigger group, whereas fertilization rates between the two groups (91.82% versus 88.51%, p=NS) were comparable. Consequently, the number of embryos cryopreserved (2.68 versus 0.94, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the dual trigger group. However, the implantation rate between the two groups (21% versus 19.6%, p = 0.770) was comparable. The serum LH levels 12 hours post trigger were measured in both the arms and as expected, high serum LH values were documented in the dual trigger group (46.23 mIU/ml vs 0.93 mIU/ml, p < 0.0001).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic causing an intermittent pause in IVF services at our center, a smaller sample size of 100 patients could be enrolled in the study, and reproductive outcomes in terms of live births and cumulative live births could not be assessed
Wider implications of the findings
This study, though small, has contributed to some evidence of redesigning the dual trigger in all antagonist cycles, with the exception of high responders and PCOS patients. The addition of GnRHa to hCG trigger has led to the possibility of cryopreserving surplus embryos thereby increasing the cumulative live births.
Trial registration number
CTRI/2020/08/027030
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kashyap
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - N Singh
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - N Malhotra
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - R Mahey
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - V Perumal
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - R Vatsa
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - G Patel
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
| | - M Saini
- India Institute Of Medical Sciences- New Delhi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All , New Delhi, India
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Perumal V, Inmozhi C, Uthrakumar R, Robert R, Chandrasekar M, Mohamed SB, Honey S, Raja A, Al-Mekhlafi FA, Kaviyarasu K. Enhancing the photocatalytic performance of surface - Treated SnO 2 hierarchical nanorods against methylene blue dye under solar irradiation and biological degradation. Environ Res 2022; 209:112821. [PMID: 35092741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surfactant -treated tin oxide (SnO2) hierarchical nanorods were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal technique. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed the prepared SnO2 possesses tetragonal rutile structure having appreciable crystallinity with crystallite sizes in the range of 110 nm-120 nm. UV-visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectra confirm that the better visible light absorption band of SnO2 hierarchical nanorods have red shift compared to the pure SnO2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study evident that the as-prepared SnO2 nanorods encompass the characteristic bands of SnO2 nanostructures. The morphological analyses of prepared materials were performed by FESEM, which shows that hierarchal nanorods and complex nanostructures. EDX analyses disclose all the samples are composed of Sn and O elements. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared surfactant treated SnO2 hierarchical nanorods was evaluated using methylene blue (MB) dye removal under direct natural sunlight. Recycling experiment results of CTAB - SnO2 nanorods and photocatalytic reaction mechanism also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Perumal
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Inmozhi
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College for Women , Salem, 636008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Uthrakumar
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Robert
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College for Men, Krishnagiri, 635001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Chandrasekar
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Beer Mohamed
- Department of Material Science, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, 610001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shehla Honey
- Centre for Nanosciences & Department of Physics, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan; NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China; UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A Raja
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
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Kanagaraj K, Rajan V, Pandey B, Perumal V. Comparison on the Biological Effects of Low and High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation and to Calculate Its Relative Biological Effects in Direct and Bystander Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Melam G, Alhusaini A, Perumal V, Buragadda S, Albarrati A, Lochab R. Effect of weight-bearing overload using elastic tubing on balance and functional performance in athletes with chronic ankle instability. Sci Sports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Alam MA, Zaidul ISM, Ghafoor K, Sahena F, Hakim MA, Rafii MY, Abir HM, Bostanudin MF, Perumal V, Khatib A. In vitro antioxidant and, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and comprehensive metabolite profiling of methanol extract and its fractions from Clinacanthus nutans. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:181. [PMID: 28359331 PMCID: PMC5374668 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to evaluate antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with a subsequent analysis of total phenolic and total flavonoid content of methanol extract and its derived fractions from Clinacanthus nutans accompanied by comprehensive phytochemical profiling. METHODS Liquid-liquid partition chromatography was used to separate methanolic extract to get hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and residual aqueous fractions. The total antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). The antidiabetic activity of methanol extract and its consequent fractions were examined by α-glucosidase inhibitory bioassay. The chemical profiling was carried out by gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC Q-TOF MS). RESULTS The total yield for methanol extraction was (12.63 ± 0.98) % (w/w) and highest fractionated value found for residual aqueous (52.25 ± 1.01) % (w/w) as compared to the other fractions. Significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity was found for methanolic extract (63.07 ± 0.11) % and (79.98 ± 0.31) % for ethyl acetate fraction among all the fractions evaluated. Methanol extract was the most prominent in case of FRAP (141.89 ± 0.87 μg AAE/g) whereas most effective reducing power observed in ethyl acetate fraction (133.6 ± 0.2987 μg AAE/g). The results also indicated a substantial α-glucosidase inhibitory activity for butanol fraction (72.16 ± 1.0) % and ethyl acetate fraction (70.76 ± 0.49) %. The statistical analysis revealed that total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the samples had the significant (p < 0.05) impact on DPPH free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. CONCLUSION Current results proposed the therapeutic potential of Clinacanthus nutans, especially ethyl acetate and butanol fraction as chemotherapeutic agent against oxidative related cellular damages and control the postprandial hyperglycemia. The phytochemical investigation showed the existence of active constituents in Clinacanthus nutans extract and fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Alam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - I S M Zaidul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Kashif Ghafoor
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Sahena
- Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - M A Hakim
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M Y Rafii
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - H M Abir
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M F Bostanudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Science, No. 3410, Jalan Teknokrat 3, Cyber 4, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - V Perumal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A Khatib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Khatib A, Perumal V, Ahmed QU, Uzir BF, Murugesu S. Low inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase activities of ethanol extract of Momordica charantia fruit. J Pharm Negative Results 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/0976-9234.204906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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He Y, Li M, Perumal V, Feng X, Fang J, Xie J, Sievert SM, Wang F. Genomic and enzymatic evidence for acetogenesis among multiple lineages of the archaeal phylum Bathyarchaeota widespread in marine sediments. Nat Microbiol 2016; 1:16035. [PMID: 27572832 DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Members of the archaeal phylum Bathyarchaeota are widespread and abundant in the energy-deficient marine subsurface sediments. However, their life strategies have remained largely elusive. Here, we provide genetic evidence that some lineages of Bathyarchaeota are acetogens, being capable of homoacetogenesis, a metabolism so far restricted to the domain Bacteria. Metabolic reconstruction based on genomic bins assembled from the metagenome of deep-sea subsurface sediments shows that the metabolism of some lineages of Bathyarchaeota is similar to that of bona fide bacterial homoacetogens, by having pathways for acetogenesis and for the fermentative utilization of a variety of organic substrates. Heterologous expression and activity assay of the acetate kinase gene ack from Bathyarchaeota, demonstrate further the capability of these Bathyarchaeota to grow as acetogens. The presence and expression of bathyarchaeotal genes indicative of active acetogenesis was also confirmed in Peru Margin subsurface sediments where Bathyarchaeota are abundant. The analyses reveal that this ubiquitous and abundant subsurface archaeal group has adopted a versatile life strategy to make a living under energy-limiting conditions. These findings further expand the metabolic potential of Archaea and argue for a revision of the role of Archaea in the carbon cycle of marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - M Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - V Perumal
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S M Sievert
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - F Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Abas F, Khatib A, Perumal V, Suppaiah V, Ismail A, Hamid M, Shaari K, Lajis NH. Metabolic alteration in obese diabetes rats upon treatment with Centella asiatica extract. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 180:60-69. [PMID: 26775274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE 'Pegaga' is a traditional Malay remedy for a wide range of complaints. Among the 'pegaga', Centella asiatica has been used as a remedy for diabetes mellitus. Thus, we decided to validate this claim by evaluating the in vivo antidiabetic property of C. asiatica (CA) on T2DM rat model using the holistic (1)H NMR-based metabolomics approach. METHOD In this study, an obese diabetic (mimic of T2DM condition) animal model was developed using Sprague-Dawley rats fed with a high-fat diet and induced into diabetic condition by the treatment of a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ). The effect of C. asiatica extract on the experimental animals was followed based on the changes observed in the urinary and serum metabolites, measured by (1)H NMR of urine and blood samples collected over the test period. RESULTS A long-term treatment of obese diabetic rats with CA extract could reverse the glucose and lipid levels, as well as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acid metabolic disorders, back towards normal states. Biochemical analysis also showed an increase of insulin production in diabetic rats upon treatment of CA extract. CONCLUSION This study has provided evidence that clearly supported the traditional use of CA as a remedy for diabetes. NMR-based metabolomics was successfully applied to show that CA produced both anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects on a rat model. In addition to increasing the insulin secretion, the CA extract also ameliorates the metabolic pathways affected in the induced diabetic rats. This study further revealed the potential usage of CA extract in managing diabetes mellitus and the results of this work may contribute towards the further understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of this herbal remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - V Perumal
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - V Suppaiah
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - N H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Al-Moalim BinLaden Chair for Scientific Miracles of Prophetic Medicine, Scientific Chairs Unit, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30001, Madinah al Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia.
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Sabina E, Zaidul I, Ghafoor K, Jaffri J, Sahena F, Babiker E, Perumal V, Hamed M, Amid M, Khatib A. Screening of Various Parts of P
haleria macrocarpa
Plant for α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Sabina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - I.S.M. Zaidul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Kashif Ghafoor
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - J.M. Jaffri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - F. Sahena
- Faculty of Science; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - E.E. Babiker
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - V. Perumal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - M. Hamed
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology; University Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor Malaysia
| | - M. Amid
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology; University Putra Malaysia; Serdang Selangor Malaysia
| | - A. Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; International Islamic University; Kuantan Campus 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
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Gopinath R, Hanna LE, Kumaraswami V, Perumal V, Kavitha V, Vijayasekaran V, Nutman TB. Perturbations in eosinophil homeostasis following treatment of lymphatic filariasis. Infect Immun 2000; 68:93-9. [PMID: 10603373 PMCID: PMC97106 DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.1.93-99.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of patients with patent Wuchereria bancrofti infection results in an acute clinical reaction and peripheral eosinophilia. To investigate the dynamics of the eosinophil response, changes in eosinophil activation and degranulation and plasma levels of eosinophil-active chemokines and cytokines were studied in 15 microfilaremic individuals in south India by sequential blood sampling before and after administration of 300 mg of diethylcarbamazine (DEC). Clinical symptoms occurred within 24 h. Plasma interleukin-5 (IL-5) and RANTES levels peaked 1 to 2 days posttreatment, preceding a peak peripheral eosinophil count at day 4. Major basic protein secretion from eosinophils paralleled IL-5 secretion, while levels of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin peaked at day 13 after treatment. Expression of the activation markers HLA-DR and CD25 on eosinophils rose markedly immediately after treatment, while expression of VLA-4 and alpha4beta7 showed an early peak within 24 h and a second peak at day 13. Thus, the posttreatment reactions seen in filarial infections can be divided into an early phase with killing of microfilariae, clinical symptomatology, increases in plasma IL-5 and RANTES levels, and eosinophil activation and degranulation and a later phase with expression of surface integrins on eosinophils, recruitment of eosinophils from the bone marrow to tissues, and clearance of parasite antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gopinath
- Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Gollapudi S, Perumal V, Thadepalli H. Effect of rufloxacin on in-vitro proliferation and differentiation of human mononuclear cells. J Antimicrob Chemother 1992; 29:669-76. [PMID: 1324240 DOI: 10.1093/jac/29.6.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of rufloxacin, a new, long acting fluoroquinolone, on the growth and differentiation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) stimulated with T- and B-cell mitogenic agents. Rufloxacin inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation into MNC stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in a dose-dependent manner. The concentrations of rufloxacin required to inhibit 1/2 maximal proliferation of T- and B-cells were 62 and 33.5 mg/L respectively. Rufloxacin, at clinically achievable serum levels (less than 10 mg/L), was found not to inhibit PHA-induced T-cell differentiation as assessed by IL-2 production, IL-2 receptor expression and the expression of cell differentiation markers (CD4 and CD8). However, higher concentrations of rufloxacin (10 and 50 mg/L) markedly inhibited B-cell differentiation in-vitro as determined by the measurement of immunoglobulin production by MNC stimulated with PWM. The clinical relevance of our in-vitro findings remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gollapudi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Irvine
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