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Abstract
Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and other free radical species, contributes to the onset and progression of various diseases, including diabetes, obesity, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Oxidative stress is also implicated in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Exacerbated oxidative stress leads to the accelerated formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a complex mixture of crosslinked proteins and protein modifications. Relatively high levels of AGEs are generated in diabetes, obesity, AD, and other I neurological diseases. AGEs such as Ne-carboxymethyllysine (CML) serve as markers for disease progression. AGEs, through interaction with receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), initiate a cascade of deleterious signaling events to form inflammatory cytokines, and thereby further exacerbate oxidative stress in a vicious cycle. AGE inhibitors, AGE breakers, and RAGE inhibitors are therefore potential therapeutic agents for multiple diseases, including diabetes and AD. The complexity of the AGEs and the lack of well-established mechanisms for AGE formation are largely responsible for the lack of effective therapeutics targeting oxidative stress and AGE-related diseases. This review addresses the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AGE-related chronic diseases, including diabetes and neurological disorders, and recent progress in the development of therapeutics based on antioxidants, AGE breakers and RAGE inhibitors. Furthermore, this review outlines therapeutic strategies based on single-atom nanozymes that attenuate oxidative stress through the sequestering of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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2
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Reddy VP, Aryal P, Soni P. RAGE Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041131. [PMID: 37189749 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonenzymatic reactions of reducing sugars with primary amino groups of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, followed by oxidative degradations would lead to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The AGEs exert multifactorial effects on cell damage leading to the onset of neurological disorders. The interaction of AGEs with the receptors for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) contribute to the activation of intracellular signaling and the expression of the pro-inflammatory transcription factors and various inflammatory cytokines. This inflammatory signaling cascade is associated with various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), secondary effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and diabetic neuropathy, and other AGE-related diseases, including diabetes and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the imbalance of gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation are also associated with endothelial dysfunction, disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB) and thereby the onset and progression of AD and other neurological diseases. AGEs and RAGE play an important role in altering the gut microbiota composition and thereby increase the gut permeability and affect the modulation of the immune-related cytokines. The inhibition of the AGE-RAGE interactions, through small molecule-based therapeutics, prevents the inflammatory cascade of events associated with AGE-RAGE interactions, and thereby attenuates the disease progression. Some of the RAGE antagonists, such as Azeliragon, are currently in clinical development for treating neurological diseases, including AD, although currently there have been no FDA-approved therapeutics based on the RAGE antagonists. This review outlines the AGE-RAGE interactions as a leading cause of the onset of neurological diseases and the current efforts on developing therapeutics for neurological diseases based on the RAGE antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Puspa Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Pallavi Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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Obrenovich M, Singh SK, Li Y, Perry G, Siddiqui B, Haq W, Reddy VP. Natural Product Co-Metabolism and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Age-Related Diseases. Life (Basel) 2022; 13:life13010041. [PMID: 36675988 PMCID: PMC9865576 DOI: 10.3390/life13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Complementary alternative medicine approaches are growing treatments of diseases to standard medicine practice. Many of these concepts are being adopted into standard practice and orthomolecular medicine. Age-related diseases, in particular neurodegenerative disorders, are particularly difficult to treat and a cure is likely a distant expectation for many of them. Shifting attention from pharmaceuticals to phytoceuticals and "bugs as drugs" represents a paradigm shift and novel approaches to intervention and management of age-related diseases and downstream effects of aging. Although they have their own unique pathologies, a growing body of evidence suggests Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) share common pathology and features. Moreover, normal metabolic processes contribute to detrimental aging and age-related diseases such as AD. Recognizing the role that the cerebral and cardiovascular pathways play in AD and age-related diseases represents a common denominator in their pathobiology. Understanding how prosaic foods and medications are co-metabolized with the gut microbiota (GMB) would advance personalized medicine and represents a paradigm shift in our view of human physiology and biochemistry. Extending that advance to include a new physiology for the advanced age-related diseases would provide new treatment targets for mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and neurodegeneration and may speed up medical advancements for these particularly devastating and debilitating diseases. Here, we explore selected foods and their derivatives and suggest new dementia treatment approaches for age-related diseases that focus on reexamining the role of the GMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Obrenovich
- Research Service, Department of Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Gilgamesh Foundation for Medical Science and Research, Cleveland, OH 44116, USA
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology (ISET) Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - George Perry
- Department of Neuroscience Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Bushra Siddiqui
- School of Medicine, Northeast Ohio College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Waqas Haq
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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Aryal P, Rafiu R, Reddy VP. Acetic Acid-Promoted Photoredox Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Aldehyde Hydrazones. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Obrenovich
- Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (V.P.R.)
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401, USA
- Correspondence: (M.O.); (V.P.R.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Mehta
- Department of Chemistry Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 USA
| | - Puspa Aryal
- Department of Chemistry Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 USA
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 USA
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Jones L, Kumar J, Mistry A, Sankar Chittoor Mana T, Perry G, Reddy VP, Obrenovich M. The Transformative Possibilities of the Microbiota and Mycobiota for Health, Disease, Aging, and Technological Innovation. Biomedicines 2019; 7:E24. [PMID: 30925795 PMCID: PMC6631383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is extremely important for the health of the host across its lifespan.Recent studies have elucidated connections between the gut microbiota and neurological diseaseand disorders such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease (AD), autism, and a host of otherbrain illnesses. Dysbiosis of the normal gut flora can have negative consequences for humans,especially throughout key periods during our lifespan as the gut microbes change with age in bothphenotype and number of bacterial species. Neurologic diseases, mental disorders, and euthymicstates are influenced by alterations in the metabolites produced by gut microbial milieu. Weintroduce a new concept, namely, the mycobiota and microbiota-gut-brain neuroendocrine axis anddiscuss co-metabolism with emphasis on means to influence or correct disruptions to normal gutflora throughout the lifespan from early development to old age. These changes involveinflammation and involve the permeability of barriers, such as the intestine blood barrier, the blood⁻brain barrier, and others. The mycobiota and microbiota⁻gut⁻brain axis offer new research horizonsand represents a great potential target for new therapeutics, including approaches based aroundinflammatory disruptive process, genetically engineered drug delivery systems, diseased cellculling "kill switches", phage-like therapies, medicinal chemistry, or microbial parabiosis to namea few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Jones
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jessica Kumar
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Adil Mistry
- Departments of Engineering and Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
| | | | - George Perry
- Distinguished University Chair in Neurobiology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - V Prakash Reddy
- Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MI, 65409, USA.
| | - Mark Obrenovich
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Departments of Engineering and Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- MD and CSO, the Gilgamesh Foundation.org, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
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Reddy VP, Rasul G, Prakash GKS. Ab initio structural studies of cyclobutylmethyl cations: effect of fluoroalkyl groups on the relative stability of the carbocations. ARKIVOC 2017. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p010.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Hedau S, Reddy VP, Mondhe SD, Devana JV. Strongyloid hyperinfection in a patient with immunocompromised chronic kidney disease. Indian J Nephrol 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.202840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cacabelos R, Reddy VP, Aliev G. Editorial: Neurodegeneration, Oxidative Stress, Metabolic Syndrome, Drug Design and Development: Clinical Implications. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2016; 15:126. [PMID: 26907796 DOI: 10.2174/187152731502160215131206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- GALLY International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC San Antonio, TX USA.
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Savvateeva LV, Schwartz AM, Gorshkova LB, Gorokhovets NV, Makarov VA, Reddy VP, Aliev G, Zamyatnin AA. Prophylactic Admission of an In Vitro Reconstructed Complexes of Human Recombinant Heat Shock Proteins and Melanoma Antigenic Peptides Activates Anti-Melanoma Responses in Mice. Curr Mol Med 2016; 15:462-8. [PMID: 26122656 DOI: 10.2174/1566524015666150630125024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-derived autologous antigenic peptides when bound to endogenous 70 kDa family heat shock proteins (HSP70) are able to induce effective T-cell responses against tumors. However, efficacy of HSPbased vaccines in clinical practical stand point still has a number of certain limitations including an activation of immune responses against alien non-human HSPs. In this study we reconstructed the complexes of human recombinant HSPs70 (human recombinant HSP70A1B and HSC70 mixture; hrHSPs70) with antigenic lowweight peptides derived from mice B16F10 melanoma cell lysate (PepMCL) in vitro and investigated the prophylactic potential of these complexes to activate anti-tumor immunity in melanoma mouse model. Our results demonstrate that the developed prophylactic vaccine elicits melanoma-specific immune responses and anti-tumor effects against melanoma. These results suggest that hrHSPs70 has capability to reconstitute complexes with peptides obtained from tumor cells lysates in vitro and, therefore, can be used for delivery of multiple antigenic peptides into antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to activate effectors cells. Designed in such a way hrHSPs70-based prophylactic vaccines induce immune responses resulting in a significant efficient prevention of tumor growth and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - G Aliev
- GALLY International Biomedical Research Institute Inc., 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - A A Zamyatnin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trubetskaya Str. 8, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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E. Neganova M, G. Klochkov S, V. Afanasieva S, P. Serkova T, S. Chudinova E, O. Bachurin S, Prakash Reddy V, Aliev G, F. Shevtsova E. Neuroprotective effects of the securinine-analogues: identification of Allomargaritarine as a lead compound. CNSNDDT 2016; 15:102-7. [DOI: 10.2174/1871527314666150821111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Harsha Vardhan Reddy K, Kumar RU, Reddy VP, Satish G, Nanubolu JB, Nageswar YVD. Ru-Catalyzed highly site-selective C–H bond arylation of 9-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09825h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe an efficient ruthenium-catalyzed C–H bond ortho-arylation of 9-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole using boronic acids. This methodology exhibits excellent and high site-selectivity, functional group tolerance and gave the desired product in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Uday Kumar
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607
- India
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607
- India
| | - G. Satish
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607
- India
| | | | - Y. V. D. Nageswar
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607
- India
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16
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Savvateeva LV, Gorokhovets NV, Makarov VA, Serebryakova MV, Solovyev AG, Morozov SY, Reddy VP, Zernii EY, Zamyatnin AA, Aliev G. Glutenase and collagenase activities of wheat cysteine protease Triticain-α: feasibility for enzymatic therapy assays. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 62:115-24. [PMID: 25765959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient and/or improper protein degradation is associated with the development of various human pathologies. Enzymatic therapy with proteolytic enzymes aimed to improve insufficient proteolytic activity was suggested as a treatment of protease deficiency-induced disorders. Since in many cases human degradome is incapable of degrading the entire target protein(s), other organisms can be used as a source of proteases exhibiting activities distinct from human enzymes, and plants are perspective candidates for this source. In this study recombinant wheat cysteine protease Triticain-α was shown to refold in vitro into an autocatalytically activated proteolytic enzyme possessing glutenase and collagenase activities at acidic (or close to neutral) pH levels at the temperature of human body. Mass-spectrometry analysis of the products of Triticain-α-catalyzed gluten hydrolysis revealed multiple cleavage sites within the sequences of gliadin toxic peptides, in particular, in the major toxic 33-mer α-gliadin-derived peptide initiating inflammatory responses to gluten in celiac disease (CD) patients. Triticain-α was found to be relatively stable in the conditions simulating stomach environment. We conclude that Triticain-α can be exploited as a basic compound for development of (i) pharmaceuticals for oral administration aimed at release of the active enzyme into the gastric lumen for CD treatment, and (ii) topically active pharmaceuticals for wound debridement applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Neonila V Gorokhovets
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Makarov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V Serebryakova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey G Solovyev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu Morozov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Prakash Reddy
- Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA
| | - Evgeni Yu Zernii
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- "GALLY" International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA; School of Health Science and Healthcare Administration, The University of Atlanta, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA.
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Shevtsova EF, Vinogradova DV, Kireeva EG, Reddy VP, Aliev G, Bachurin SO. Dimebon attenuates the Aβ-induced mitochondrial permeabilization. Curr Alzheimer Res 2015; 11:422-9. [PMID: 24801220 DOI: 10.2174/1567205011666140505094808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The currently available experimental data supports the hypothesis that the neuroprotective effect of dimebon is related to the protection of the brain-mitochondria from neurodegeneration. In this study, the influence of dimebon on mitochondria was investigated to gain a better understanding of the neuroprotective effects of this drug. Here, we demonstrate that dimebon enhances the resistance of the isolated rat brain and liver mitochondria to the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) by calcium ions even in the presence of atractyloside, a MPT pore (MPTP) opener, but is ineffective against atractyloside-induced mitochondria swelling. Unlike cyclosporine A (CsA), a MPTP inhibitor, Dimebon does not influence the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) conformational changes and is not able to prevent the MPT of de-energized mitochondria. Using three different assays, and using amyloid-β peptide for inducing mitochondrial toxicity, we show that the influence of dimebon on the calcium retention capacity (CRC) of mitochondria depends on the mode of calcium addition. No obvious influence of dimebon on CRC was observed under the conditions of calcium infusion in the pump mode but the increase of CRC of rat brain mitochondria was observed when calcium was added in the bolus mode; the addition of calcium in the single pulse mode led to the increase of the lag period of calcium efflux from mitochondria. From these studies it is shown that dimebon is effective against amyloid-β (Aβ) potentiated mitochondrial swelling and decrease of calcium retention capacity (CRC) of the brain mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sergey O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia.
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18
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Aliev G, Priyadarshini M, Reddy VP, Grieg NH, Kaminsky Y, Cacabelos R, Ashraf GM, Jabir NR, Kamal MA, Nikolenko VN, Zamyatnin AA, Benberin VV, Bachurin SO. Oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial and vascular lesions as markers in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Curr Med Chem 2015; 21:2208-17. [PMID: 24372221 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666131227161303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plausibly underlies the aging-associated brain degeneration. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics and cell-survival. Oxidative stress consequent to chronic hypoperfusion induces mitochondrial damage, which is implicated as the primary cause of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) mediated Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mitochondrial function deteriorates with aging, and the mitochondrial damage correlates with increased intracellular production of oxidants and pro-oxidants. The prolonged oxidative stress and the resultant hypoperfusion in the brain tissues stimulate the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, which further drives the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The ROS and RNS collectively contributes to the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and damage to the brain parenchymal cells. Delineating the molecular mechanisms of these processes may provide clues for the novel therapeutic targets for CVA and AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S O Bachurin
- " GALLY" International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330. San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Iomdina EN, Khoroshilova-Maslova IP, Robustova OV, Averina OA, Kovaleva NA, Aliev G, Reddy VP, Zamyatnin AA, Skulachev MV, Senin II, Skulachev VP. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 reverses glaucomatous lesions in rabbits. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2015; 20:892-901. [PMID: 25553485 DOI: 10.2741/4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. This disease is characterized by apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and visual field loss that seems to be related to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Several lines of evidences have implicated the crucial role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Increased mitochondrial oxidative stress in RGC may underlie or contribute to susceptibility of RGC to apoptosis. In our work we (i) designed a rabbit model of chronic, moderately elevated IOP for studying glaucoma and (ii) demonstrated efficacy of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 as a tool to reverse several traits of experimental glaucoma induced by a series of injections of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) to the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye. It is shown that 6 months instillations of drops of 0.2.5-5 microM solution of SkQ1 normalize IOP and eye hydrodynamics and abolish an increase in lens thickness that accompanies glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Iomdina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | | | - Olga V Robustova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Olga A Averina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Nadezhda A Kovaleva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - V Prakash Reddy
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Maxim V Skulachev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Ivan I Senin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Skulachev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Tikhonova LA, Kaminsky YG, Reddy VP, Li Y, Solomadin IN, Kosenko EA, Aliev G. Impact of amyloid β25-35 on membrane stability, energy metabolism, and antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2014; 29:685-95. [PMID: 24838531 PMCID: PMC10852921 DOI: 10.1177/1533317514534757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β25-35 (Aβ25-35) represents a neurotoxic fragment of Aβ1-40 or Aβ1-42, and is implicated in the progressive neurodegeneration in cases of the Alzheimer disease (AD). Amyloid β25-35 was shown to lyse rat erythrocytes (RBCs) of all ages, and the extent of the RBC toxicity is directly correlated with Aβ25-35 concentration and cell age. Activities of glycolytic, antioxidant, and Na(+)/K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) enzymes, in vivo, are significantly decreased in older RBCs as compared to the young RBCs. In vitro, Aβ25-35 reduced activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione transferase and increased Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity; these effects are significantly greater in aged RBCs as compared to those of the younger cells. The diminution in activity of certain enzymes may determine the life span of the RBCs in vivo and may be relevant to the human AD; higher sensitivity of older RBCs to Aβ25-35 toxicity may contribute to the ultimate death of the RBCs in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila A Tikhonova
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Russia Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yury G Kaminsky
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Human Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Ilya N Solomadin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Elena A Kosenko
- Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Russia Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- School of Health Science and Healthcare Administration, University of Atlanta, Johns Creek, GA, USA GALLY International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Harsha Vardhan Reddy K, Anil Kumar BSP, Prakash Reddy V, Uday Kumar R, Nageswar YVD. Ru/C: a simple heterogeneous catalyst for the amination of azoles under ligand free conditions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05447d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A ligand free Ru/C-catalyzed amination of 2-halo azoles with a broad scope of aminating reagents has been developed. Utilizing this protocol a variety of 2-aminoazole derivatives were synthesized in moderate to good yields. The methodology is operationally simple and it provides potentially useful products by using an inexpensive recyclable catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V. Prakash Reddy
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - R. Uday Kumar
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Y. V. D. Nageswar
- MCP Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500607, India
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22
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Nair NG, Mendoza-Cortes JL, Abrol R, Goddard WA, Reddy VP. 1,3-Sigmatropic fluorine migration to boron in McLafferty type of rearrangements: Observation of tetrafluorobenzyne radical cation and trifluorobenzyne cation by CID-mass spectrometry. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Kaminsky YG, Reddy VP, Ashraf GM, Ahmad A, Benberin VV, Kosenko EA, Aliev G. Age-related defects in erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate metabolism in dementia. Aging Dis 2013; 4:244-55. [PMID: 24124630 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2013.0400244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common dementing illness. Metabolic defects in the brain with aging contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. These changes can be found systematically and thus can be used as potential biomarkers. Erythrocytes (RBCs) are passive "reporter cells" that are not well studied in AD. In the present study, we analyzed an array of glycolytic and related enzymes and intermediates in RBCs from patients with AD and non-Alzheimer dementia (NA), age-matched controls (AC) and young adult controls (YC). AD is characterized by higher activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and bisphosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase in RBCs. In our study, we observed that glycolytic and related enzymes displayed significantly lower activities in AC. However, similar or significantly higher activities were observed in AD and NA groups as compared to YC group. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels were significantly decreased in AD and NA patients. The pattern of changes between groups in the above indices strongly correlates with each other. Collectively, our data suggested that AD and NA patients are associated with chronic disturbance of 2,3-DPG metabolism in RBCs. These defects may play a pivotal role in physiological processes, which predispose elderly subjects to AD and NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury G Kaminsky
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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24
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Khattri A, Reddy VP, Pandey RK, Sudhakar DVS, Gupta NJ, Chakravarty BN, Deenadayal M, Singh L, Thangaraj K. Novel mutations in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMK4) gene in infertile men. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 35:810-818. [PMID: 22897820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMK4) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase, which plays an important role in the spermatogenesis by phosphorylating protamines. It has been shown to be involved in the regulation of human sperm motility. Moreover, the Camk4 knockout mice were infertile because of severely reduced sperm count and morphological abnormalities. As no study is available on the association of this gene with male infertility, we analysed all the exons of CAMK4 gene in ethnically matched 283 infertile and 268 fertile Indian men. We identified twenty nucleotide substitutions, of which twelve were novel. Of these novel variants, eight were exclusively detected in infertile men. Moreover, two infertile men-specific mutations were non-synonymous replacing amino acids at the highly conserved region. In silico analysis predicted both of these mutations as 'deleterious'. In addition to nucleotide substitutions, we identified five novel insertion-deletion mutations; of these, g.150264_66delGCG was exclusively found in two oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men. In silico analysis of infertile men exclusive mutations predicted that they can alter/diminish the potential binding sites of splicing factors, which may affect the mRNA splicing and protein translation. Our study suggests that the mutations in CAMK4 may lead to abnormal semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khattri
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
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Reddy KHV, Satish G, Reddy VP, Kumar BSPA, Nageswar YVD. Recyclable Ru/C catalyzed oxidative cyanation of tertiary amines with TBHP. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21630b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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Nair N, Kudo W, Smith MA, Abrol R, Goddard WA, Reddy VP. Corrigendum to “Novel purine-based fluoroaryl-1,2,3-triazoles as neuroprotecting agents: Synthesis, neuronal cell culture investigations, and CDK5 docking studies” [Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 11 (2001) 3165–3168]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Sieradzki A, Yendluri BB, Palacios HH, Parvathaneni K, Reddy VP, Obrenovich ME, Gąsiorowski K, Leszek J, Aliev G. Implication of oncogenic signaling pathways as a treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disorders - contemporary approaches. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2011; 10:175-83. [PMID: 21222633 DOI: 10.2174/187152711794480410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has associated the aberrant, proximal re-expression of various cell cycle control elements with neuronal cell vulnerability in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as a common chronic neurodegeneration. This phenomenon associated with oncogenic transduction pathway activation has attracted the interest of scientists all over the world for a few years now. The purpose of this paper is to outline areas of research related to oncogenic factors or medicines in the context of potential applications for future treatment of the above mentioned chronic and, largely, incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sieradzki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 5 K. Bartla Str., 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
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Kumar AV, Reddy VP, Reddy CS, Rao KR. Potassium selenocyanate as an efficient selenium source in C–Se cross-coupling catalyzed by copper iodide in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Nair N, Kudo W, Smith MA, Abrol R, Goddard WA, Reddy VP. Novel purine-based fluoroaryl-1,2,3-triazoles as neuroprotecting agents: Synthesis, neuronal cell culture investigations, and CDK5 docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3957-61. [PMID: 21641213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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30
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Reddy KHV, Reddy VP, Kumar AA, Kranthi G, Nageswar Y. Nano copper oxide catalyzed synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides under ligand free conditions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:886-91. [PMID: 21804885 PMCID: PMC3135086 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium thiocyanate acts as an efficient sulfur surrogate in C-S cross-coupling reactions mediated by recyclable copper oxide nanoparticles under ligand free conditions. This protocol avoids foul smelling thiols, for the synthesis of a variety of symmetrical diaryl sulfides, via the cross-coupling of different aryl halides with potassium thiocyanate, affording corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Harsha Vardhan Reddy
- Organic Chemistry Divison-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 607, India
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31
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Reddy VP, Kumar AV, Rao KR. New strategy for the synthesis of N-aryl pyrroles: Cu-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling reaction of trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline with aryl halides. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Reddy VP, Kumar AV, Rao KR. Unexpected C−Se Cross-Coupling Reaction: Copper Oxide Catalyzed Synthesis of Symmetrical Diaryl Selenides via Cascade Reaction of Selenourea with Aryl Halides/Boronic Acids. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8720-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102017g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Prakash Reddy
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - A. Vijay Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - K. Rama Rao
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
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33
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Abstract
Polyphenolic antioxidants from dietary sources are frequently a topic of interest due to widespread scientific agreement that they may help lower the incidence of certain cancers, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and DNA damage and even may have antiaging properties. On the other hand, questions still remain as to whether some antioxidants could be potentially harmful to health, because an increase in glycation-mediated protein damage (carbonyl stress) has been reported in some cases. Nevertheless, the quest for healthy aging has led to the extensive use of phytochemically derived antioxidants to disrupt age-associated deterioration in physiological function and to prevent many age-related diseases. Although a diet rich in the polyphenolic forms of antioxidants does seem to offer hope in delaying the onset of age-related disorders, it is still too early to define their exact clinical benefit for treating age-related disease. This review critically examines polyphenolic antioxidants, such as flavonoids, curcumene, and resveratrol in health, disease, and aging with the hope that a better understanding of the many mechanisms involved with these diverse compounds may lead to better health and novel treatment approaches for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Obrenovich
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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34
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Murthy SN, Madhav B, Reddy VP, Nageswar Y. One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromen-4-yl phosphonate derivatives using β-cyclodextrin as reusable catalyst in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Prakash Reddy V, Vijay Kumar A, Rama Rao K. Copper oxide nanoparticles catalyzed vinylation of imidazoles with vinyl halides under ligand-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Nair NG, Perry G, Smith MA, Reddy VP. NMR Studies of Zinc, Copper, and Iron Binding to Histidine, the Principal Metal Ion Complexing Site of Amyloid-β Peptide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 20:57-66. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanditha G. Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
| | - George Perry
- UTSA Neurosciences Institute and Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark A. Smith
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
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37
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39
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Narayana Murthy S, Madhav B, Prakash Reddy V, Rama Rao K, Nageswar Y. An approach toward the synthesis of β-hydroxy sulfones on water. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Swapna K, Vijay Kumar A, Prakash Reddy V, Rama Rao K. Recyclable Heterogeneous Iron Catalyst for C−N Cross-Coupling under Ligand-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2009; 74:7514-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Swapna
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - A. Vijay Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - K. Rama Rao
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
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Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a major role in diabetes as well as in Alzheimer's disease and other related neurological diseases. Intracellular oxidative stress arises due to the imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen/reactive nitrogen species and cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. In turn, the excess reactive oxygen/reactive nitrogen species mediate the damage of proteins and nucleic acids, which have been shown to have direct and deleterious consequences in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Oxidative stress also contributes to the production of advanced glycation end products through glycoxidation and lipid peroxidation. The advanced glycation end products and lipid peroxidation products are ubiquitous to diabetes and Alzheimer's disease and serve as markers of disease progression in both disorders. Antioxidants and advanced glycation end products inhibitors, either induced endogenously or exogenously introduced, may counteract with the deleterious effects of the reactive oxygen/reactive nitrogen species and thereby, in prevention or treatment paradigms, attenuate or substantially delay the onset of these devastating pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA.
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42
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Nair NG, Blanco M, West W, Weise FC, Greenbaum S, Reddy VP. Fluorinated Boroxin-Based Anion Receptors for Lithium Ion Batteries: Fluoride Anion Binding, Ab Initio Calculations, and Ionic Conductivity Studies. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5918-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901952t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanditha G. Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
| | - Mario Blanco
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
| | - William West
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
| | - F. Christoph Weise
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
| | - Steve Greenbaum
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, and Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Prakash Reddy
- Organic Chemistry Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - K. Swapna
- Organic Chemistry Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - A. Vijay Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - K. Rama Rao
- Organic Chemistry Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Aliev G, Obrenovich ME, Reddy VP, Shenk JC, Moreira PI, Nunomura A, Zhu X, Smith MA, Perry G. Antioxidant therapy in Alzheimer's disease: theory and practice. Mini Rev Med Chem 2008; 8:1395-406. [PMID: 18991755 PMCID: PMC2921812 DOI: 10.2174/138955708786369582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease treatment has yet to yield a successful therapy that addresses the source of the damage found in brains. Of the varied proposed theories of AD etiology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is cited as a common factor. Efforts to reduce the pathology associated with ROS via antioxidants therefore offer new hope to patients suffering from this devastative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjumrakch Aliev
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Mark E. Obrenovich
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
| | - Justin C. Shenk
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Paula I. Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Akihiko Nunomura
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mark A. Smith
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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Velez S, Nair NG, Reddy VP. Transition metal ion binding studies of carnosine and histidine: Biologically relevant antioxidants. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 66:291-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 06/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sridhar R, Srinivas B, Kumar VP, Reddy VP, Kumar AV, Rao KR. Novel Aqueous Phase Supramolecular Synthesis of 3‐Pyrrolylindolin‐2‐ones and Pyrrolylindeno[1,2‐b]quinoxalines. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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48
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Alleti R, Oh WS, Perambuduru M, Ramana C, Prakash Reddy V. Imidazolium-based polymer supported gadolinium triflate as a heterogeneous recyclable Lewis acid catalyst for Michael additions. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kumar VP, Reddy VP, Sridhar R, Srinivas B, Narender M, Rao KR. Supramolecular Synthesis of 3-Indolyl-3-hydroxy Oxindoles under Neutral Conditions in Water. J Org Chem 2008; 73:1646-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702496s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Pavan Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - V. Prakash Reddy
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - R. Sridhar
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - B. Srinivas
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - M. Narender
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - K. Rama Rao
- Organic Chemistry Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
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Reddy VP, Beyaz A. Inhibitors of the Maillard reaction and AGE breakers as therapeutics for multiple diseases. Drug Discov Today 2007; 11:646-54. [PMID: 16793534 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2006.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction is a complex series of reactions that involve reducing-sugars and proteins, giving a multitude of end-products that are known as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs can contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. AGEs also play a major role in vascular stiffening, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis and cataracts. Thus, AGE inhibitors and AGE breakers offer a potential strategy as therapeutics for diverse diseases. Various AGE inhibitors have been developed in recent years, and their underlying mechanism is based on the attenuation of glycoxidation and/or oxidative stress by the sequestration of metal ions, reactive 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, and reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65409, USA.
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