Alcântara JOS, de Assis CS, Diniz TG, de Sousa Brito VP, de Oliveira Y, Silva AS, de Queiroga Evangelista IW, de Lima Gomes FD, de Morais Gomes ER, do Nascimento VMV, de Lima RLFC, Persuhn DC. MTHFR Polymorphisms and Cardiac Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy.
Curr Diabetes Rev 2023;
19:70-78. [PMID:
35619268 DOI:
10.2174/1573399818666220525103323]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is directly associated with cardiovascular dysfunctions and microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). The association between DR and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases has been described. The low activity of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia that has already been related to cardiac outcomes and resistance to insulin. The A1298C and C677T polymorphisms in the MTHFR can reduce enzyme activity.
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to analyze the association between MTHFR genotypes and cardiac parameters in patients with DR.
METHODS
DM patients diagnosed with DR (n=65) were categorized and compared according to MTHFR genotypes A1298C (AA and AC+CC groups) and C677T (CC and CT+TT) groups; biochemical, cardiological, anthropometric, genetic, lifestyle and vitamin B9 and B12 consumption variables. Fischer's exact test and Poisson regression were performed to assess the relationship between variables.
RESULTS
Comparing echocardiographic and electrocardiogram parameters within genotypic groups, we found a significant association between left atrial dilation and C677T polymorphism. Left atrium diameter was higher in the T allele carriers (CT+TT group), with a prevalence ratio of 0.912. This association was confirmed in the regression model, including confounding variables. The other cardiac structural and functional parameters studied were not significantly associated with the A1298C or C677T genotypes.
CONCLUSION
The MTHFR C677T genotype may contribute to atrial remodeling in RD patients. We found an association between the diameter of the left atrium and the T allele of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in patients with DR.
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