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de la Puente M, Irigoyen-Bañegil C, Ortega Claici A, González-Zamora J, Bilbao-Malavé V, Fernandez-Robredo P, Hernández M, Barrio J, García-Layana A, Recalde S. Could Children's Myopization Have Been Avoided during the Pandemic Confinement? The Conjunctival Ultraviolet Autofluorescence (CUVAF) Biomarker as an Answer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:347. [PMID: 38397949 PMCID: PMC10886979 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the presence of conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) with the level and progression of myopia and the impact of reduced sunlight exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic confinement (PC). METHODS A retrospective observational study was carried out using three cohorts, children (9-17 years old), young adults (18-25 years old), and adults (>40 years old) with myopia (≤0.75D) and at least three annual eye examinations (before and after PC). All participants underwent an automatic objective refraction and CUVAF area analysis. All the participants filled out a questionnaire regarding lifestyle and myopia history. RESULTS The 298 recruited participants showed that during the PC, children's and young adults' myopia progression rate increased on average by -0.50 and -0.30 D/year, respectively, compared with the pre-pandemic level (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.01). A significantly greater progression was observed in those with low baseline myopia compared to those with moderate or high myopia (p < 0.01). CUVAF shows its protective effect associated with outdoor activity (OA) with regard to the age of onset of myopia and mean diopters (p < 0.01). In fact, although there were no differences in the increase in diopters between children with and without CUVAF during the PC, those who had CUVAF started with lower gains (-0.3 D/year) compared to those who did not (-0.5 D/year; p < 0.05). The myopia treatments (atropine drops, Ortho-K, and MiSight® contact lenses) showed a reduction effect in myopic progression rate post-PC in comparison with non-treated children (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The strict restriction of OA during PC led to the rate of myopia progression doubling among children and young adults. This progression occurred mainly in children with previously low myopia, and CUVAF, as a biomarker of OA, reflects its potential to provide benefits in the form of recommended behavioral changes to protect against the development of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam de la Puente
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Irigoyen-Bañegil
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aura Ortega Claici
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Hernández
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Barrio
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.d.l.P.); (C.I.-B.); (A.O.C.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.); (A.G.-L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Rodriguez NG, Claici AO, Ramos-Castaneda JA, González-Zamora J, Bilbao-Malavé V, de la Puente M, Fernandez-Robredo P, Garzón-Parra SJ, Garza-Leon M, Recalde S. Conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence as a biomarker of outdoor exposure in myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1097. [PMID: 38212604 PMCID: PMC10784576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Outdoor exposure is considered the primary modifiable risk factor in preventing the development of myopia. This effect is thought to be attributed to the light-induced synthesis and release of dopamine in the retina. However, until recent years, there was no objective quantifiable method available to measure the association between time spent outdoors and myopia. It is only recently that the conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) area, serving as a biomarker for sun exposure, has begun to be utilized in numerous studies. To provide a comprehensive summary of the relevant evidence pertaining to the association between the CUVAF area and myopia across different geographic regions and age groups, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. The search encompassed multiple databases, including MEDLINE, SCIENCE DIRECT, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, WEB OF SCIENCE, and SCOPUS, and utilized specific search terms such as "conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence", "CUVAF", "UVAF", "objective marker of ocular sun exposure", "myopia", "degenerative myopia", and "high myopia". The bibliographic research included papers published between the years 2006 and 2022. A total of 4051 records were initially identified, and after duplicates were removed, 49 articles underwent full-text review. Nine articles were included in the systematic review. These studies covered myopia and outdoor exposure across different regions (Australia, Europe and India) with a total population of 3615 individuals. They found that myopes generally had smaller CUVAF areas compared to non-myopes. The meta-analysis confirmed this, revealing statistically smaller CUVAF areas in myopic patients, with a mean difference of - 3.30 mm2 (95% CI - 5.53; - 1.06). Additionally, some studies showed a positive correlation between more outdoor exposure and larger CUVAF areas. In terms of outdoor exposure time, myopic patients reported less time outdoors than non-myopic individuals, with a mean difference of - 3.38 h/week (95% CI - 4.66; - 2.09). Overall, these findings highlight the connection between outdoor exposure, CUVAF area and myopia, with regional variations playing a significant role. The results of this meta-analysis validate CUVAF as a quantitative method to objectively measure outdoor exposure in relation with myopia development.
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Grants
- 01/0022-23 Doctoral fellowship funded by Miniciencias Bogotá, Colombia.
- PI20/00251 Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the project Co-funded by European Regional Development Fund "A way to make Europe"
- CUN 2019 Multiópticas
- (RD21/0017/0027) Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas al Resultado en Salud (RICORS) de Terapias avanzadas , Enfermedades Inflamatorias and Enfermedades vasculares cerebrales , Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- (RD21/0002/0010) Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas al Resultado en Salud (RICORS) de Terapias avanzadas , Enfermedades Inflamatorias and Enfermedades vasculares cerebrales , Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- (RD21/0006/0008) Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas al Resultado en Salud (RICORS) de Terapias avanzadas , Enfermedades Inflamatorias and Enfermedades vasculares cerebrales , Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- 01-20/21 Fundación Jesús Gangoiti Barrera
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the project Co-funded by European Regional Development Fund “A way to make Europe”
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Gutierrez Rodriguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Optometría-Facultad de Optometría de la Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Aura Ortega Claici
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge A Ramos-Castaneda
- Research Group Innovación y Cuidado, Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Neiva, Colombia
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam de la Puente
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Johanna Garzón-Parra
- Grupo de Investigación en Optometría-Facultad de Optometría de la Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Garza-Leon
- Clinical Science Department, Science of Health Division, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
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González-Zamora J, Hernandez M, Recalde S, Bezunartea J, Montoliu A, Bilbao-Malavé V, Llorente-González S, García-Layana A, Fernández-Robredo P. Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Is Associated with Age-Related Choroidal Neovascularization. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040884. [PMID: 37107259 PMCID: PMC10135211 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of severe vision loss in older individuals in developed countries. Despite advances in our understanding of AMD, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been proposed to play a role in AMD development. In this study, we aimed to characterize MMP-13 in AMD. We used retinal pigment epithelial cells, a murine model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, and plasma samples from patients with neovascular AMD to conduct our study. Our results show that MMP13 expression significantly increased under oxidative stress conditions in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. In the murine model, MMP13 was overexpressed in both retinal pigment epithelial cells and endothelial cells during choroidal neovascularization. Additionally, the total MMP13 levels in the plasma of patients with neovascular AMD were significantly lower than those in the control group. This suggests a reduced diffusion from the tissues or release from circulating cells in the bloodstream, given that the number and function of monocytes have been reported to be deficient in patients with AMD. Although more studies are needed to elucidate the role of MMP13 in AMD, it could be a promising therapeutic target for treating AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Montoliu
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Llorente-González
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Oribio-Quinto C, Fernández-Vigo JI, Bilbao-Malavé V, Pérez-García P, Burgos-Blasco B, Arias-Barquet L, Donate-López J. Anatomical and functional impact of verteporfin shortage in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103501. [PMID: 36893954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the functional and anatomical impact that the worldwide shortage of verteporfin has had on patients diagnosed with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSCR) whose treatment with photodynamic therapy (PDT) had to be delayed. METHODS Prospective observational study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the time interval since PDT had been indicated: groups 1 and 2, with waiting times of less and more than 9 months respectively. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the maximum height of the subretinal fluid (MSRF) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) at the baseline visit and the last visit were compared. RESULTS 49 eyes of 48 patients with cCSCR were included. The mean waiting time for PDT was 9.0 ±3.8 months. The mean BCVA was 69.0 ±17.1 letters and 68.9 ±16.4 letters for the baseline and last visit respectively, showing no difference (p= 0.958). Although there was no difference in the mean global BCVA, 15 eyes (30.5%) showed a deterioration of ≥5 letters, including 7 eyes (14%) with a decrease of ≥10 letters. Mean MSRF height was 151.4 ±97.2 μm and 98.2 ±83.1 μm for the baseline and last visit respectively (p= 0.005), persisting in 74.5% of the eyes. CONCLUSION No significant impact was observed in the BCVA in cCSCR due to the shortage of verteporfin. However, one-third of patients had BCVA loss. There was a significant spontaneous decrease in MSRF, but it persisted in the majority of the patients, still susceptible to PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Oribio-Quinto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain; Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-García
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain
| | - Barbara Burgos-Blasco
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Arias-Barquet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Donate-López
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain
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Bilbao-Malavé V, González-Zamora J, Gándara E, de la Puente M, Escriche E, Bezunartea J, Marizkurrena A, Alonso E, Hernández M, Fernández-Robredo P, Sáenz de Viteri M, Barrio-Barrio J, García-Layana A, Recalde S. A Cross-Sectional Observational Study of the Relationship between Outdoor Exposure and Myopia in University Students, Measured by Conjunctival Ultraviolet Autofluorescence (CUVAF). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154264. [PMID: 35893353 PMCID: PMC9331436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia is the most common refractive error worldwide. This cannot be explained by genetic factors alone, therefore, environmental factors may play an important role. Hence, the main objective of this study was to analyse whether outdoor exposure could exert a protective effect against the development of myopia in a cohort of young adults and to investigate ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF), as a biomarker of time spent outdoors. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out using two cohorts. A total of 208 participants were recruited, 156 medical students and 52 environmental science students. The data showed that 66.66% of the medical students were myopic, while 50% of the environmental science students were myopic (p = 0.021). Environmental science students spent significantly more hours per week doing outdoor activities than medical students (p < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference with respect to near work activities between them. In both cohorts, the degree of myopia was inversely associated with CUVAF, and a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between spherical equivalent and CUVAF (Pearson’s r = 0.248). In conclusion, outdoor activities could reduce the onset and progression of myopia not only in children, but also in young adults. In addition, CUVAF represents an objective, non-invasive biomarker of outdoor exposure that is inversely associated with myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elsa Gándara
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
| | - Miriam de la Puente
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Escriche
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Marizkurrena
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
| | - Elena Alonso
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Hernández
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Robredo
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425600 (ext. 6499-6290)
| | - Manuel Sáenz de Viteri
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Barrio-Barrio
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (E.G.); (M.d.l.P.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (M.H.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.-B.); (A.G.-L.); (S.R.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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González-Zamora J, Hernandez M, Recalde S, Bezunartea J, Montoliu A, Bilbao-Malavé V, Orbe J, Rodríguez JA, Llorente-González S, Fernández-Robredo P, García-Layana A. Matrix Metalloproteinase 10 Contributes to Choroidal Neovascularisation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071557. [PMID: 35884862 PMCID: PMC9313238 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is currently the main cause of severe visual loss among older adults in developed countries. The pathophysiology has not been clarified, but oxidative stress is believed to play a major role. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) may play a prominent role in several steps of the pathophysiology of AMD, especially in its neovascular form; therefore, there is of great interest in understanding their role in choroidal neovascularisation. This study aimed to elucidate the role of MMP10 in the development of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). We have demonstrated that MMP10 was expressed by retinal pigment epithelium cells and endothelial cells of the neovascular membrane, in cell culture, mouse and human retina. MMP10 expression and activity increased under oxidative stress conditions in ARPE-19 cells. MMP10-/- mice developed smaller laser-induced areas of CNV. Furthermore, to exclude a systemic MMP10 imbalance in these patients, plasma MMP10 concentrations were assessed in an age- and sex-matched sample of 52 control patients and 52 patients with neovascular AMD and no significant differences were found between the groups, demonstrating that MMP10 induction is a local phenomenon. Our findings suggest that MMP10 participates in the development of choroidal neovascularisation and promotes MMP10 as a possible new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - María Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (P.F.-R.)
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Ana Montoliu
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Josune Orbe
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, CIBERCV, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José A. Rodríguez
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, CIBERCV, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Llorente-González
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Patricia Fernández-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (P.F.-R.)
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (S.R.); (J.B.); (A.M.); (V.B.-M.); (S.L.-G.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.O.); (J.A.R.)
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Hernandez M, González-Zamora J, Recalde S, Moreno-Orduña M, Bilbao-Malavé V, Saenz de Viteri M, Landecho MF, Fernandez-Robredo P, García-Layana A. Evaluation of Macular Retinal Vessels and Histological Changes in Two Cases of COVID-19. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1546. [PMID: 34829775 PMCID: PMC8615149 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess vascular and histological alterations in two COVID-19 and three control post-mortem retinas. The macular areas of flat-mounted samples were processed for immunofluorescence. Lectin and collagen IV positive vessels were captured under confocal microscopy, and endothelium loss and tortuosity were analyzed. Expression of ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) (the receptor for SARS-CoV-2), Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1) and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) were quantified in retinal sections. The number of lectin vessels in COVID-19 retinas decreased by 27% compared to the control (p < 0.01) and the tortuosity increased in COVID-19 retinas (7.3 ± 0.2) vs. control retinas (6.8 ± 0.07) (p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed an increase in ACE2 (2.3 ± 1.3 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1; p < 0.0001) and Iba1 expression (3.06 ± 0.6 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1; p < 0.01) in COVID-19 sections whereas no changes in GFAP were observed. Analysis of the COVID-19 macular retinal tissue suggested that endothelial cells are a preferential target of SARS-CoV-2 with subsequent changes through their ACE2 receptor expression and morphology. Thus, microglial activation was hyperactive when facing an ensuing immunological challenge after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Moreno-Orduña
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Manuel Saenz de Viteri
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel F. Landecho
- COVID-19 Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (M.M.-O.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research—IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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8
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Bilbao-Malavé V, González-Zamora J, de la Puente M, Recalde S, Fernandez-Robredo P, Hernandez M, Layana AG, Saenz de Viteri M. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Age Related Macular Degeneration, Role in Pathophysiology, and Possible New Therapeutic Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081170. [PMID: 34439418 PMCID: PMC8388889 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of legal blindness in developed countries. It is a multifactorial disease in which a combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to increased risk of developing this vision-incapacitating condition. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathophysiology of AMD and recent publications have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in this disease. Although treatment with vascular endothelium growth factor inhibitors have decreased the risk of blindness in patients with the exudative form of AMD, the search for new therapeutic options continues to prevent the loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium cells, characteristic of late stage AMD. In this review, we explain how mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress participate in AMD pathogenesis. We also discuss a role of several antioxidants (bile acids, resveratrol, melatonin, humanin, and coenzyme Q10) in amelioration of AMD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (A.G.L.)
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (A.G.L.)
| | - Miriam de la Puente
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (A.G.L.)
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology’ from (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology’ from (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology’ from (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Garcia Layana
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (A.G.L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology’ from (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Saenz de Viteri
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (A.G.L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (P.F.-R.); (M.H.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology’ from (RD16/0008/0011), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-255-400
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9
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Bilbao-Malavé V, González-Zamora J, Saenz de Viteri M, de la Puente M, Gándara E, Casablanca-Piñera A, Boquera-Ventosa C, Zarranz-Ventura J, Landecho MF, García-Layana A. Persistent Retinal Microvascular Impairment in COVID-19 Bilateral Pneumonia at 6-Months Follow-Up Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Biomedicines 2021; 9:502. [PMID: 34063291 PMCID: PMC8147391 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term evolution of retinal changes in COVID-19 patients with bilateral pneumonia. A total of 17 COVID-19 patients underwent retinal imaging 6 months after hospital discharge with structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The parafoveal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) were significantly thinner in COVID-19 patients at 6 months compared to 0 months (p = <0.001 in both cases). In the optic nerve analysis, a significantly thinner RNFL was observed (p = 0.006) but persisted significantly thickened, compared to controls (p = 0.02). The vascular density (VD) at 6 months persisted significantly decreased when compared to the control group, and no significant differences were found with the 0 months evaluation; in addition, when analyzed separately, women showed a worsening in the VD. Moreover, a significantly greater foveal area zone (FAZ) (p = 0.003) was observed in COVID-19 patients at 6 months, compared to 0 months. The cotton wool spots (CWSs) observed at baseline were no longer present at 6 months, except for one patient that developed new ones. This study demonstrates that some of the previously known microvascular alterations resulting from COVID-19, persist over time and are still evident 6 months after hospital discharge in patients who have suffered from bilateral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Manuel Saenz de Viteri
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Miriam de la Puente
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Elsa Gándara
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Anna Casablanca-Piñera
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.); (J.Z.-V.)
| | - Claudia Boquera-Ventosa
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.); (J.Z.-V.)
| | - Javier Zarranz-Ventura
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.); (J.Z.-V.)
- Institut de Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel F. Landecho
- COVID-19 Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (M.d.l.P.); (E.G.); (A.G.-L.)
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Hernandez M, Recalde S, González-Zamora J, Bilbao-Malavé V, Sáenz de Viteri M, Bezunartea J, Moreno-Orduña M, Belza I, Barrio-Barrio J, Fernandez-Robredo P, García-Layana A. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Synergistic Effect of Vitamin D and Nutritional Complex on Retinal Pigment Epithelial and Endothelial Cell Lines against Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051423. [PMID: 33922669 PMCID: PMC8170899 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease of the retina featured by dysfunction of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) and loss of photoreceptor cells under oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions. Vitamin D and antioxidants have beneficial effects against retinal degenerative diseases, such as AMD. We investigated the impact of associating vitamin D (ND) with a nutritional antioxidant complex (Nutrof Total®; N) on oxidative stress and inflammation-like induced conditions by H2O2 and LPS, respectively, in human retinal epithelial (ARPE-19) and human retinal endothelial (HREC) cells. Application of either N or ND treatments to H2O2-induced media in ARPE-19 cells counteracted late apoptosis, attenuated oxidative DNA damage, and increased cell proliferation. Significant reduction in the expression levels of MCP1, IL-8, and IL6 cytokines was observed following application of either N or ND treatments under LPS-induced conditions in ARPE-19 cells and in MCP-1 and IL12p70 cytokine levels in HREC cells. ND and not N revealed significant downregulation of IFNγ in ARPE-19 cells, and of IL-6 and IL-18 in HREC cells. In conclusion, adding vitamin D to Nutrof Total® protects in a synergistic way against oxidative and inflammatory stress-induced conditions in retinal epithelial and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Manuel Sáenz de Viteri
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Moreno-Orduña
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Idoia Belza
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Jesús Barrio-Barrio
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.); (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (M.S.d.V.); (J.B.); (M.M.-O.); (I.B.); (J.B.-B.); (P.F.-R.); (A.G.-L.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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González-Zamora J, Bilbao-Malavé V, Gándara E, Casablanca-Piñera A, Boquera-Ventosa C, Landecho MF, Zarranz-Ventura J, García-Layana A. Retinal Microvascular Impairment in COVID-19 Bilateral Pneumonia Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030247. [PMID: 33801324 PMCID: PMC7998142 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of retinal and microvascular alterations in COVID-19 patients with bilateral pneumonia due to SARS-COV-2 that required hospital admission and compare this with a cohort of age- and sex-matched controls. COVID-19 bilateral pneumonia patients underwent retinal imaging 14 days after hospital discharge with structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measurements. Vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area were evaluated in the superficial, deep capillary plexus (SCP, DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC). After exclusion criteria, only one eye per patient was selected, and 50 eyes (25 patients and 25 controls) were included in the analysis. COVID-19 patients presented significantly thinner ganglion cell layer (GCL) (p = 0.003) and thicker retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) compared to controls (p = 0.048), and this RNFL thickening was greater in COVID-19 cases with cotton wool spots (CWS), when compared with patients without CWS (p = 0.032). In both SCP and DCP, COVID-19 patients presented lower VD in the foveal region (p < 0.001) and a greater FAZ area than controls (p = 0.007). These findings suggest that thrombotic and inflammatory phenomena could be happening in the retina of COVID-19 patients. Further research is warranted to analyze the longitudinal evolution of these changes over time as well as their correlation with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge González-Zamora
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (E.G.)
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (E.G.)
| | - Elsa Gándara
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (E.G.)
| | - Anna Casablanca-Piñera
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.)
| | - Claudia Boquera-Ventosa
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.)
| | - Manuel F. Landecho
- COVID-19 Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Zarranz-Ventura
- Institut Clínic de Oftalmología (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (C.B.-V.)
- Institut de Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.Z.-V.); (A.G.-L.)
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Department of Opthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-Z.); (V.B.-M.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.-V.); (A.G.-L.)
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12
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Saenz de Viteri M, Hernandez M, Bilbao-Malavé V, Fernandez-Robredo P, González-Zamora J, Garcia-Garcia L, Ispizua N, Recalde S, Garcia-Layana A. A Higher Proportion of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) When Combined with Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Omega-3 Dietary Supplements Provides Higher Antioxidant Effects in Human Retinal Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090828. [PMID: 32899655 PMCID: PMC7555332 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key regulator of retinal function and is directly related to the transport, delivery, and metabolism of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA), in the retina. Due to their functions and location, RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown to have antioxidant effects by different mechanisms. For this reason, we designed an in vitro study to compare 10 formulations of DHA and EPA supplements from different origins and combined in different proportions, evaluating their effect on cell viability, cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species production, and cell migration using ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, we assessed their ability to rescue RPE cells from the oxidative conditions seen in diabetic retinopathy. Our results showed that the different formulations of n3-PUFAs have a beneficial effect on cell viability and proliferation and are able to restore oxidative induced RPE damage. We observed that the n3-PUFA provided different results alone or combined in the same supplement. When combined, the best results were obtained in formulations that included a higher proportion of EPA than DHA. Moreover, n3-PUFA in the form of ethyl-esters had a worse performance when compared with triglycerides or phospholipid based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Saenz de Viteri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.S.d.V.); (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (A.G.-L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Hernandez
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.S.d.V.); (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (A.G.-L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9484-256-00 (ext. 806499)
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.S.d.V.); (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (A.G.-L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Garcia-Garcia
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Nahia Ispizua
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Layana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.S.d.V.); (V.B.-M.); (J.G.-Z.); (A.G.-L.)
- Retinal Pathologies and New Therapies Group, Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.); (L.G.-G.); (N.I.); (S.R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria en Enfermedades Oculares (Oftared), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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13
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Bilbao-Malavé V, Recalde S, Bezunartea J, Hernandez-Sanchez M, González-Zamora J, Maestre-Rellan L, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Araiz-Iribarren J, Arias L, Ruiz-Medrano J, Flores-Moreno I, Llorente-González S, Fernández-Sanz G, Berrozpe-Villabona C, Velazquez-Villoria A, Carreño E, Fernandez-Robredo P, Garcia-Layana A. Genetic and environmental factors related to the development of myopic maculopathy in Spanish patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236071. [PMID: 32730261 PMCID: PMC7392267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia and the subsequent degenerative changes of the retina, choroid, and sclera, known as myopic maculopathy (MM), are a serious visual problem in many Asian countries, and are beginning to be so in the south of Europe, especially in the Mediterranean. It is therefore necessary to carry out genetic and environmental studies to determine the possible causes of this disease. This study aims to verify if the genetic factors that have been most related to Asian populations are also associated in two Spanish cohorts. Eight SNPs from six genes (PAX6, SCO2, CCDC102B, BLID, chromosome 15q14, and COL8A1) along with demographic, ophthalmic and environmental factors were analysed in two cohorts from a total of 365 highly myopic subjects and 177 control subjects. The genetic analysis showed that COL8A1 SNP rs13095226 was associated with the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and also seems to play an important role in the increase of axial length. The SNP rs634990 of chromosome 15q14 also showed a significant association with MM, although this was lost after the Bonferroni correction. Additional demographic and environmental factors, namely age, sex, smoking status, and pregnancy history, were also found to be associated with MM and CNV in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Hernandez-Sanchez
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leyre Maestre-Rellan
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María Ruiz-Moreno
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Vissum Corporación Oftalmológica, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Araiz-Iribarren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto Clínico Quirúrgico de Oftalmología, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital San Eloy, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis Arias
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Medrano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flores-Moreno
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Llorente-González
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Sanz
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Berrozpe-Villabona
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ester Carreño
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Layana
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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