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Sundaram V, Mohammed S, Cockburn BN, Srinivasan MR, Venkata CRA, Johnson J, Gilkes L, Jones KR, Zyuzikov N. Correction: Sundaram et al. Effects of Intermediate Frequency (150 kHz) Electromagnetic Radiation on the Vital Organs of Female Sprague Dawley Rats. Biology 2023, 12, 310. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:181. [PMID: 38534471 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In the original publication [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Brian N Cockburn
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - M R Srinivasan
- Laboratory Animal Medicine Unit, Directorate of Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600016, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chalapathi R Adidam Venkata
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Jenelle Johnson
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lester Gilkes
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Kegan Romelle Jones
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nikolay Zyuzikov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
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Ismaila MS, Sanusi KO, Iliyasu U, Imam MU, Georges K, Sundaram V, Jones KR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Quail Yolk Oil via Upregulation of Superoxide Dismutase 1 and Catalase Genes and Downregulation of EIGER and Unpaired 2 Genes in a D. melanogaster Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:75. [PMID: 38247499 PMCID: PMC10812611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Quail egg yolk oil (QEYO) has a rich history of medicinal use, showcasing heightened antioxidant and bioactive properties in our prior studies. This positions QEYO as a promising candidate for therapeutic and cosmetic applications. In this investigation, QEYO was extracted using ethanol/chloroform and 2-propanol/hexane solvents. GC-MS and FTIR analyses quantified 14 major bioactive compounds in the ethanol/chloroform fraction and 12 in the 2-propanol/hexane fraction. Toxicity evaluations in fruit flies, spanning acute, sub chronic, and chronic exposures, revealed no adverse effects. Negative geotaxis assays assessed locomotor activity, while biochemical assays using fly hemolymph gauged antioxidant responses. Real-time PCR revealed the relative expression levels of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes. FTIR spectra indicated diverse functional groups, and the GC-MS results associated bioactive compounds with the regulation of the anti-inflammatory genes EIGER and UPD2. While no significant change in SOD activities was noted, male flies treated with specific QEYO doses exhibited increased catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity, coupled with a significant decrease in their malondialdehyde levels. This study offers valuable insights into the bioactive compounds of QEYO and their potential regulatory roles in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sani Ismaila
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago; (M.S.I.); (K.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training (CAMRET), Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840004, Nigeria; (K.O.S.); (M.U.I.)
| | - Uwaisu Iliyasu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna 800283, Nigeria;
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training (CAMRET), Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840004, Nigeria; (K.O.S.); (M.U.I.)
| | - Karla Georges
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago; (M.S.I.); (K.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago; (M.S.I.); (K.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Kegan Romelle Jones
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago; (M.S.I.); (K.G.); (V.S.)
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Johnson BK, Naris M, Sundaram V, Volchko A, Ly K, Mitchell SK, Acome E, Kellaris N, Keplinger C, Correll N, Humbert JS, Rentschler ME. A multifunctional soft robotic shape display with high-speed actuation, sensing, and control. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4516. [PMID: 37524731 PMCID: PMC10390478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape displays which actively manipulate surface geometry are an expanding robotics domain with applications to haptics, manufacturing, aerodynamics, and more. However, existing displays often lack high-fidelity shape morphing, high-speed deformation, and embedded state sensing, limiting their potential uses. Here, we demonstrate a multifunctional soft shape display driven by a 10 × 10 array of scalable cellular units which combine high-speed electrohydraulic soft actuation, magnetic-based sensing, and control circuitry. We report high-performance reversible shape morphing up to 50 Hz, sensing of surface deformations with 0.1 mm sensitivity and external forces with 50 mN sensitivity in each cell, which we demonstrate across a multitude of applications including user interaction, image display, sensing of object mass, and dynamic manipulation of solids and liquids. This work showcases the rich multifunctionality and high-performance capabilities that arise from tightly-integrating large numbers of electrohydraulic actuators, soft sensors, and controllers at a previously undemonstrated scale in soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Johnson
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Naris
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - V Sundaram
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Volchko
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - K Ly
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S K Mitchell
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Artimus Robotics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - E Acome
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Artimus Robotics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - N Kellaris
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Artimus Robotics, Boulder, CO, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C Keplinger
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Robotic Materials Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - N Correll
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - J S Humbert
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - M E Rentschler
- Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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Mohammed S, Sundaram V, Venkata CRA, Zyuzikov N. Correction: Polycystic ovary rat model exposure to 150 kHz intermediate frequency: hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis at the receptor, cellular, tissue, and hormone levels. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:99. [PMID: 37198672 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Chalapathi R Adidam Venkata
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nikolay Zyuzikov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
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Sundaram V, Mohammed S, Cockburn BN, Srinivasan MR, Venkata CRA, Johnson J, Gilkes L, Jones KR, Zyuzikov N. Effects of Intermediate Frequency (150 kHz) Electromagnetic Radiation on the Vital Organs of Female Sprague Dawley Rats. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:310. [PMID: 36829585 PMCID: PMC9952889 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from intermediate frequency sources has increased exponentially in recent years. The consequences of this exposure on biological systems are prompting scientists to study the effects on human health. This current study aimed to determine the effects of intermediate frequency (150 kHz) EMR exposure on the vital organs of female Sprague Dawley rats. The EMR group (n = 10 animals) was exposed to a frequency of 150 kHz with an intensity of 65 ± 15 μW/cm2 for two months. The control group (n = 10 animals) was exposed to an intensity of 35 ± 15 nW/cm2. Haematological, histochemical, gross, and histopathological profiles of all major organs of all animals were then performed using standard procedures. All major organs generally showed no significant detectable effects in either the control or EMR groups. However, gross and histopathological examinations revealed the effects of EMR on the liver and lungs, which showed inflammatory changes without significant biochemical/haematological manifestations. In addition, a significant increase in serum sodium level and a decrease in serum urea level were also observed in the EMR group. It can be concluded that the current frequency and duration of exposure trigger the changes in the liver and lungs but are not sufficient to cause clinical and functional manifestations. Therefore, a long-term exposure study might be helpful to determine the effects of 150 kHz IF EMR on these organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Brian N. Cockburn
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - M. R. Srinivasan
- Laboratory Animal Medicine Unit, Directorate of Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600016, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chalapathi R. Adidam Venkata
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Jenelle Johnson
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lester Gilkes
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Kegan Romelle Jones
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nikolay Zyuzikov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago
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Sundaram V, Rao G, Nandi M, Reddy V, pokhala N, Mondal K, Prakash A, Bhattacharjee M. PO-1545 Comparison of PRO and PO algorithms in Rapid arc (VMAT) delivery for Head and Neck SIB treatments. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sundaram V, Rao G, Bhattacharjee M, Joseph J, Balaji B, Patil D. PO-1544 The role of dose rate and gantry speed variations in PRO and PO algorithms for rapidarc delivery. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mohammed S, Sundaram V, Adidam Venkata CR, Zyuzikov N. Polycystic ovary rat model exposure to 150 kHz intermediate frequency: hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis at the receptor, cellular, tissue, and hormone levels. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:173. [PMID: 34895279 PMCID: PMC8665544 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis is the principal regulator of the reproductive system. The neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus signal the basophilic cells of the anterior pituitary to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which bind to the granulosa and theca cells of a follicle in the ovary to promote healthy follicular development. Disruption of this process at any time can lead to polycystic ovaries and, if left untreated, can lead to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), one of the leading causes of infertility. A novel treatment option using 150 kHz Intermediate Frequency (IF) Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) has been proposed to monitor the effect of this frequency during cystic development. METHODS To prove this, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of whole-body exposure to 150 kHz EMR for 8 weeks at receptor, cellular, tissue and hormonal levels on the HPO axis of 25 young cyclic female rats. RESULTS The results showed that 150 kHz EMR did not affect the histoarchitecture of neurons of arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus of PCO-induced rats. It was also found that the number of basophilic cells of the pituitary gland was increased and the immunoreactivity of LH and FSH secretion increased. This EMR field also decreased the development of follicular cysts in the ovary and possibly increased the immunoreactivity of the LH and FSH receptors as well on the theca and granulosa cells of follicles in the ovary. CONCLUSION There are still many limitations to this study. If properly evaluated, the results of this experiment could help develop a new non-invasive treatment option for women with PCOS in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Chalapathi R Adidam Venkata
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nikolay Zyuzikov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
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Gibbons I, Sundaram V, Adogwa A, Odekunle A. Cytoarchitecture of the medial nucleus of trapezoid body of three neotropical species of bats (Noctilio leporinus, Phyllostomus hastatus, and Carollia perspicillata) with different foraging behavior. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:909-916. [PMID: 33084736 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.230316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was taken to test the hypothesis that the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) of echolocating neotropical bats with different foraging behavior will exhibit morphological variations in relative size, degree of complexity and spatial distribution. The brains were collected from six male adult bats of each species: Noctilio leporinus (fish-eating), Phyllostomus hastatus (carnivorous/ omnivorous) and Carollia perspicillata (fruit-eating) and were double-embedded and transverse serial sections were cut and stained with cresyl fast violet. The results showed that the MNTB is well developed in all the bats in general and the mean length of the MNTB was 1160 ± 124 µm in N. leporinus, 400 ± 59 µm in P. hastatus and 320 ± 25µm in C. perspicillata. The body and brain weight do not reflect proportionately on the size of the MNTB in the present study. The hearing frequency spectrum did not covary with the size of the MNTB among the bats studied. The MNTB is clearly demarcated from the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body (VNTB) only in P. hastatus. The MNTB comprised mainly three types of cells in all three bats: dense-staining multipolar cells (12.5 µm and 25.0 µm diameter); light-staining multipolar cells measuring (12.5 µm and 25.0 µm diameter) and light-staining round cells (5.0 µm diameter). The large sized MNTB was observed in N. leporinus, which suggests that it relies heavily on echolocation whereas P. hastatus and C. perspicillata use echolocation as well but also rely on hearing, smell and vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gibbons
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - V Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - A Adogwa
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - A Odekunle
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Preclinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Sundaram V, Jones K, Mootoo N, Tomar MPS. Anatomy of the vertebral column, ribs and sternum in orange rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina Linnaeus, 1758): Structural and Functional perspectives. Anat Histol Embryol 2021; 50:985-995. [PMID: 34569090 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The axial skeleton of orange rumped agouti, Dasyprocta leporina, was studied for better understanding of its locomotor behaviour. The bones from eight adult agoutis of both sexes were observed for their anatomical features and functional significance. The vertebral formula was found to be C7 T12 L7 S5 Cy5-6 . The well-developed occipital crest, caudally oriented prominent axis spine and well-developed transverse processes from C3 -C7 indicated a highly flexible neck with greater sagittal mobility. Articular facets were horizontal in anterior series while oblique in the posterior series, which enabled them to perform both lateral and sagittal movements during locomotion. The caudally directed thoracic spines, T12 as anticlinal vertebra and prominent mamillary process in the posterior series were suggestive of strong dorso-ventral flexion/extension and rotation. The robust lumbar vertebrae, well-developed transverse processes with cranio-ventral extension, were the feature for powerful sagittal/dorsoventral movement. The presence of spinous processes and well-developed transverse processes in all caudal vertebrae was an indication of a highly movable tail. The ribs were 13 pairs with first seven as sternal and six as asternal. They were laterally compressed in the anterior series as a cursorial adaptation. A strong muscular attachment to vertebrae provides this rodent speed, agility, dexterity and strength suitable for survival in food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mt. Hope, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Kegan Jones
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mt. Hope, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Natasha Mootoo
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mt. Hope, Trinidad and Tobago
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Sundaram V, Mohammed S, Srinivasan MR, Johnson J, Suepaul R, Pargass I, John C, Ramdhanie D, Lallack S, Daniel E, Gilkes L. Acute and subacute toxicity evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract from the stem bark of Bois Bande (Parinari campestris Aubl.1772) in rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:51. [PMID: 34563262 PMCID: PMC8464157 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The bark of Bois Bande (Parinari campestris) is a popular aphrodisiac in the Caribbean that has been traditionally used for many years to restore sexual vitality, increase sperm count, and treat erectile dysfunction, without valid scientific data. Acute and 28-day subacute toxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the safety of the hydroalcoholic extract of P.campestris bark and to find a safe dose for human use in conventional medicine. METHODS The acute toxicity study used a single oral dose of P.campestris extract at four separate doses, 5, 50, 300, and 2,000 mg/kg, and was seen for 14 days, while the subacute toxicity study used a daily oral dose of P.campestris extract at 3 different doses, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day for 28 days. RESULTS The LD50 of P.campestris extract was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg in the acute toxicity study. P.campestris extract did not show toxicity at 1000 mg/kg/day in subacute toxicity trial; NOAEL was 1000 mg/kg/day in rats. However, the body weight was increased in males. CONCLUSION In conclusion, 1000 mg/kg P.campestris extract can be considered safe and non-toxic in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Stephanie Mohammed
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - M R Srinivasan
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, India
| | - Jenelle Johnson
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Rod Suepaul
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Indira Pargass
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Chernell John
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Danesha Ramdhanie
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Shiann Lallack
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Esther Daniel
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Lester Gilkes
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Mohammed S, Sundaram V, Zyuzikov N. Effect of 150 kHz electromagnetic radiation on the development of polycystic ovaries induced by estradiol Valerate in Sprague Dawley rats. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:26. [PMID: 33546719 PMCID: PMC7866699 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common complex endocrine disorder affecting approximately 2–20% of reproductive aged females. Tumour Treating Fields (100–300 kHz) is a recent innovative, non-invasive therapeutic approach to cancer therapy. This frequency as an alternative therapy for the management of polycystic ovaries has not yet been explored. Objectives To explore the effect of full-body exposure of 150 kHz Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR), on the development of polycystic ovaries in an estradiol valerate-induced PCO rat model. Method Twenty-one female adult rats were divided into three groups (n = 7 each): control, Estradiol Valerate (EV) and EV + EMR groups. The EV + EMR group was subjected to full body exposure at 150 kHz EMR continuously for eight consecutive weeks. Estradiol valerate was administered orally to induce polycystic ovaries in EV and EV + EMR groups. Body and ovarian weights were recorded and analysed. The regularity of the estrous cycle was assessed in all three groups. The histological study of ovarian tissue was carried out by haematoxylin and eosin staining. The serum concentration levels of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and testosterone were measured using the ELISA method. Results The body and ovary weights did not differ significantly between the EV and EV + EMR groups. The estrous cycle was found to be irregular in both the EV and EV + EMR groups. Ovarian histology revealed near normal morphology with little or no degenerative and morphological changes in developing follicles in the exposed group. Histometrical analysis showed an increased number of developing follicles and a significant reduction in the number and size of follicular cysts (p < 0.05) in the EV + EMR group. Hormonal analysis revealed no significant difference in the testosterone and FSH levels between the EV + EMR and EV groups. However, the LH, LH/FSH ratio decreased significantly in the EV + EMR group compares to the EV group. Conclusion The 150 kHz EMR appear to have little or no degenerative and morphological changes in the developing follicles, an increased number of typical developing follicles and a significant reduction in the number and size of the follicular cysts (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Nikolay Zyuzikov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Williams MA, Lallo CHO, Sundaram V. The Effect of Early Post Hatch Feeding Times on the Growth and Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mule Ducklings to Five Days of Age. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Sundaram V, Mohammed T, Rampersad S, Williams G. A rare report on 18-month survival of a dog born with multiple anomalies including atresia ani. Morphologie 2020; 105:252-258. [PMID: 33172785 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Long term survival of animals with major congenital anomalies is very rare. This report documents the 18-month survival of a dog with multiple anomalies including atresia ani. An 18-month-old black Cocker Spaniel bitch was presented for evaluation of prolapsed glands of the third eyelid involving both the eyes. Clinical examination revealed a single perineal opening, fecal matter in the vestibule, distended abdomen, hypoplastic vulva, and the absence of a tail without any neurological deficits. Abdominal contrast radiography revealed a distended colon with fecal stasis, rectovestibular fistula, termination of the rectum as a blind pouch, lumbar scoliosis due to block vertebrae, and the presence of only two hypoplastic coccygeal vertebrae. The case was diagnosed as atresia ani type II with rectovestibular fistula, hypoplastic vulva, lumbar scoliosis, and anury, in the global context of a caudal regression syndrome. The wide aperture fistula, connected to the vestibule, undamaged spinal cord and sacrum without any neurological deficits were the favorable prognostic factors that maintained continence and allowed the dog to survive to adult life with these anomalies. Thus, an appropriate bowel management program and specialty care can improve the quality of life and longevity of this animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sundaram
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - T Mohammed
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - S Rampersad
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - G Williams
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Gibbons I, Sundaram V, Adogwa A, Odekunle A. Cytoarchitecture of the superior olivary complex of three neotropical species of bats (Noctilio leporinus, Phyllostomus hastatus and Carollia perspicillata) with different foraging behavior. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:180-186. [PMID: 31090816 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.210489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the echolocation by studying different auditory nuclei of echolocating bats can be an important link in elucidating questions arising in relation to their foraging behavior. The superior olivary complex (SOC) is the primary center for processing the binaural cues used in sound localization since echo locating bats rely on acoustic cues to navigate and capture prey while in flight. The present study was taken to test the hypothesis that the SOC of echolocating neotropical bats with different foraging behavior will exhibit morphological variations in relative size, degree of complexity and spatial distribution. The brains were collected from six male adult bats of each species: Noctilio leporinus (fish eating), Phyllostomus hastatus (carnivorous/omnivorous) and Carollia perspicillata (fruit eating). They were double-embedded and transverse serial sections were cut and stained with cresyl fast violet. The SOC measured as 640 ± 70 µm in the N. leporinus bat, 480 ± 50 µm in the P. hastatus and 240 ± 30 µm in the C. perspicillata bat. The principal nuclei of the SOC of in all three bats were the LSO, MSO and MNTB. The MSO and LSO were very well developed in N. leporinus bats. The MSO of N. leporinus bat subdivided into DMSO and VMSO. The main cell type of cells present in MSO and LSO are dark staining multipolar cells in all the bats studied. The well-developed MSO and LSO of N. leporinus bats indicate that these bats are highly sensitive to low frequency sounds and interaural intensity differences, which help these bats to forage over water by using various types of echolocation signals. The average size of SOC in P. hastatus and C. perspicillata bats can be attributed to the fact that these bats use vision and smell along with echolocation to forage the food.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gibbons
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - V Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - A Adogwa
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - A Odekunle
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Preclinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Tirimbò G, Sundaram V, Çaylak O, Scharpach W, Sijen J, Junghans C, Brown J, Ruiz FZ, Renaud N, Wehner J, Baumeier B. Excited-state electronic structure of molecules using many-body Green's functions: Quasiparticles and electron-hole excitations with VOTCA-XTP. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:114103. [PMID: 32199411 DOI: 10.1063/1.5144277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the open-source VOTCA-XTP software for the calculation of the excited-state electronic structure of molecules using many-body Green's function theory in the GW approximation with the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE). This work provides a summary of the underlying theory and discusses the details of its implementation based on Gaussian orbitals, including resolution-of-identity techniques and different approaches to the frequency integration of the self-energy or acceleration by offloading compute-intensive matrix operations using graphics processing units in a hybrid OpenMP/Cuda scheme. A distinctive feature of VOTCA-XTP is the capability to couple the calculation of electronic excitations to a classical polarizable environment on an atomistic level in a coupled quantum- and molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) scheme, where a complex morphology can be imported from Molecular Dynamics simulations. The capabilities and limitations of the GW-BSE implementation are illustrated with two examples. First, we study the dependence of optically active electron-hole excitations in a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based oligomers on molecular-architecture modifications and the number of repeat units. Second, we use the GW-BSE/MM setup to investigate the effect of polarization on localized and intermolecular charge-transfer excited states in morphologies of low-donor content rubrene-fullerene mixtures. These showcases demonstrate that our implementation currently allows us to treat systems with up to 2500 basis functions on regular shared-memory workstations, providing accurate descriptions of quasiparticle and coupled electron-hole excited states of various characters on an equal footing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tirimbò
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - V Sundaram
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - O Çaylak
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - W Scharpach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Sijen
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - C Junghans
- Computer, Computational, and Statistical Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Brown
- Computer, Computational, and Statistical Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - F Zapata Ruiz
- Netherlands eScience Center, Science Park 140, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Renaud
- Netherlands eScience Center, Science Park 140, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Wehner
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - B Baumeier
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Gadad A, Mohammed S, Sundaram V, Nayak SB, Mohammed AR, Ramnanansingh TG. Identification of calcium, sodium, magnesium and chloride ion levels in hypertensive and non-hypertensive trinidadians. Int J Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 10:17-22. [PMID: 31523477 PMCID: PMC6737384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular disease with association to risk factors. These risk factors in conjunction with essential elements has become identifiable with the development of the progressive disease. The key purpose of this investigation was to identify the levels of the essential elements, Sodium (Na+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Chloride (Cl-) and Calcium (Ca2+) in both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients in a Trinidadian population. To achieve this objective a case-control investigation was conducted in which both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients were assessed. Patients were issued a questionnaire with a series of open-ended questions related to the study. Blood was then drawn from each patient once consent was obtained and sent to the lab to be assayed for the elements. Fifty hypertensive (50) patients were compared with 50 non-hypertensive patients. The average levels obtained for Na+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 162.08±4.27 mmol/dL (P=0.53), 120.1±58.31 mmol/dL (P=0.51), 2.78±0.86 mmol/dL (P=0.47) and 0.52±0.31 mmol/dL (P<0.001) respectively for the hypertensive patients. The results in the present study revealed higher levels of Na+, Ca2+ and Cl- and lower levels of Mg2+ in the hypertensive patients. The hypertensive patients were also identifiable with having high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. Sixty-two (62%) of the hypertensive patients lived with the condition for more than 10 years. The results obtained for the Trinidadian population revealed in conclusion that hypertensive patients have higher levels of Na+, Ca2+ and Cl- and lower levels of Mg2+. These results are similar to the global results with small differences in their average level of each ion identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andanappa Gadad
- School of Pharmacy, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of The West IndiesTrinidad
| | - Stephanie Mohammed
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of The West IndiesTrinidad
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of The West IndiesTrinidad
| | - Shivananda B Nayak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of The West IndiesTrinidad
| | - Ashmeed Ryan Mohammed
- School of Pharmacy, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of The West IndiesTrinidad
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Tardieu L, Sundaram V, Adogwa AO, Garcia GW. Anatomy and histology of the gastrointestinal tract of the neo‐tropical opossum (
Didelphis marsupialis insularis,
Allen 1902
). ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tardieu
- Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Venkatesan Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences [FMS] The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Andrew O. Adogwa
- The Open Tropical Forage‐Animal Production Laboratory, Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Gary W. Garcia
- The Open Tropical Forage‐Animal Production Laboratory, Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago
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Sundaram V, Dharani P, Gnanadevi R, Kavya R. Studies on clinical anatomy of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the Madras Red sheep (Ovis aries) in India. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 78:389-393. [PMID: 30371934 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2018.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to study the clinical anatomy of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the Madras Red sheep through the morphometric analysis of some clinically important parameters pertaining to the regional anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted in 20 male and 20 female adult Madras Red sheep around 20-25 kg body weight. Eleven parameters re- lated to the clinical regional anaesthesia of the maxillofacial and the mandibular regions were recorded. RESULTS The distance between the facial tuberosity to the infraorbital canal was 2.25 ± 0.14 cm in males and 2.14 ± 0.15 cm in females. The distance from the infraorbital canal to the root of the alveolar tooth was 1.73 ± 0.28 cm in males and 1.73 ± 0.13 cm in females. The length and height of the mandibles were 15.37 ± 0.56 cm, 9.00 ± 0.24 cm and in males 14.53 ± 0.24 cm, 9.68 ± 0.16 cm in females, respectively. The maximum height of the mandible to the coro- noid process, width or height of the mandibular foramen and the distance from the condyloid process to the base of the mandible were recorded as 9.0 ± 24, 0.82 ± 0.05, 6.68 ± 0.19 cm in males and 9.68 ± 0.16, 0.83 ± 0.04, 6.25 ± ± 0.28 cm in females, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that most of the parameters showed statistically significant difference between the sexes i.e. the males had higher values. However, from the practical point of view, these differences were meagre. The results were discussed with regard to their clinical applications in various regional anaesthesia performed in maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the Madras Red sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sundaram
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - P Dharani
- College of Veterinary Science, SriVenkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur, Andra Pradesh, India
| | - R Gnanadevi
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - R Kavya
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
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Dharani P, Ushakumary S, Sundaram V, Joseph C, Ramesh G. Morphological Analysis of Testis of the Guinea Fowl ( Numida meleagris ) Under Tropical Savannah Climate of India. INT J MORPHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022018000300909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sundaram V, Greenwood E, Huddleston H. The correlation between mental health and number of symptoms endorsed on a review of systems form in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Mohammed S, Sundaram V. Comparative Study of Metachromatic Staining Methods in Assessing the Exfoliative Cell Types During Oestrous Cycle in Sprague-Dawley Laboratory Rats. INT J MORPHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022018000300962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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AbdelRazek M, Khalaf M, Shah R, Jackson K, Desai M, Sundaram V, Kothary N. Abstract No. 509 Same-day discharge after chemoembolization: a predictive model to assist physicians in minimizing overnight admissions. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Makkouk A, Sundaram V, Chester C, Chang S, Colevas AD, Sunwoo JB, Maecker H, Desai M, Kohrt HE. Characterizing CD137 upregulation on NK cells in patients receiving monoclonal antibody therapy. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:415-420. [PMID: 27831501 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the era of personalized cancer medicine, identifying techniques for effectively matching patients to efficacious treatments is a critical step in the treatment process. The advent of anti-cancer immunotherapies necessitates novel approaches to biomarker identification beyond traditional genomic profiling. One promising approach is incorporation of nomograms into treatment decisions. Nomograms are prediction tools, based on statistical modeling, designed to predict treatment outcomes. As a first step toward developing a nomogram, we conducted analyses to predict CD137 expression of natural killer cells after monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment. Patients and methods Patient, tumor and immune characteristics were collected from 199 patients with breast cancer (N = 62), head/neck cancers (N = 46) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (N = 91), who were receiving mAb therapy as part of clinical trials. The difference in CD137 expression before and after mAb therapy was assessed by flow cytometry. To evaluate those who respond to mAb therapy via increased CD137 expression, we applied classification and regression trees (CART), multivariable lasso regression tools and Random Forest. Results The CD137 expression was significantly different for each cancer type [mean (SD): Breast: 6.6 (6.5); Head/Neck: 11.0 (7.0); NHL: 7.5 (7.1), P < 0.0001]. For breast cancer and NHL, FcR polymorphism and baseline CD137 expression were significant predictors of increased CD137 expression; for head/neck cancer, FcR polymorphism and age were significant predictors of increased expression. Conclusions Our preliminary results suggest that FcR polymorphism, pre-treatment CD137 expression and age are significant predictors of CD137 upregulation in patients. This study demonstrates that the development of a nomogram for therapy response is feasible. Further work validating our models in an independent cohort will provide the next steps in developing a nomogram that may be used to individualize this therapeutic approach for patients (NCT01114256).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Makkouk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - V Sundaram
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - C Chester
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Chang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A D Colevas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J B Sunwoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - H Maecker
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Desai
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - H E Kohrt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
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Dharani P, Kumary SU, Sundaram V, Joseph C, Ramesh G. Morphology of the Interstitial Tissue of Active and Resting Testis of the Guinea Fowl. INT J MORPHOL 2017. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022017000401359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dixit M, Sundaram V, Kumar S S. Optimization of Muffler Acoustics Performance using DFSS Approach. SAE Technical Paper Series 2016:2016-01-1292. [DOI: 10.4271/2016-01-1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Konikineni P, Sundaram V, Sathish K, Thirukkotti S. Optimization Solutions for Fan Shroud. SAE Technical Paper Series 2016:2016-01-1393. [DOI: 10.4271/2016-01-1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Sundaram V, Jalan R. Editorial: obesity in chronic liver diseases - increased infections; authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:312. [PMID: 26741983 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Sundaram
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - R Jalan
- Liver Failure Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK
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Sundaram V, Kaung A, Rajaram A, Lu SC, Tran TT, Nissen NN, Klein AS, Jalan R, Charlton MR, Jeon CY. Obesity is independently associated with infection in hospitalised patients with end-stage liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:1271-80. [PMID: 26510540 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection is the most common cause of mortality in end-stage liver disease (ESLD). The impact of obesity on infection risk in ESLD is not established. AIM To characterise the impact of obesity on infection risk in ESLD. METHODS We evaluated the association between infection and obesity in patients with ESLD. Patients grouped as non-obese, obesity class I-II and obesity class III were studied using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Validated diagnostic code based algorithms were utilised to determine weight category and infections, including bacteraemia, skin/soft tissue infection, urinary tract infection (UTI), pneumonia/respiratory infection, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Risk factors for infection and mortality were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of 115 465 patients identified, 100 957 (87.5%) were non-obese and 14 508 (12.5%) were obese, with 9489 (8.2%) as obesity class I-II and 5019 (4.3%) as obesity class III. 37 117 patients (32.1%) had an infection diagnosis. Infection was most prevalent among obesity class III (44.0%), followed by obesity class I-II (38.9%) and then non-obese (31.9%). In multivariable modelling, class III obesity (OR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.32-1.51; P < 0.001), and class I-II obesity (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.01-1.15; P = 0.026) were associated with infection. Compared to non-obese patients, obese individuals had greater prevalence of bacteraemia, UTI, and skin/soft tissue infection as compared to non-obese patients. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is newly identified to be independently associated with infection in end-stage liver disease. The distribution of infection sites varies based on weight category.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sundaram
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Kaung
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Rajaram
- Department of Medicine, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - S C Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T T Tran
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N N Nissen
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A S Klein
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Jalan
- Liver Failure Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK
| | - M R Charlton
- Department of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA
| | - C Y Jeon
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Annamalai A, Kim I, Sundaram V, Klein A. Incidence and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:3564-9. [PMID: 25498090 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) occurs in 0.1% of persons per year, affecting 15%-40% of general surgical procedures without prophylaxis. Thromboembolic prophylaxis is not commonly used after orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) owing to the risks of bleeding and coagulopathy. Cirrhosis and the association with the coagulation cascade, before and after transplantation, are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of DVT and its risk factors after LT. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed LTs performed at our center from 2005 to 2012. We identified patients with Doppler examinations showing DVT after LT, platelet count, and international normalized ratio (INR) at time of DVT, associated symptoms, DVT prophylaxis, and perioperative risk factors. We determined the incidence of DVT, the odds ratio of each preoperative risk factor, the difference in platelet count and INR between those with and without a DVT, and the weighted risk of each factor in the development of DVT with the use of logistic regression modeling. RESULTS Of 314 patients, the incidence of DVT was 8.6% (27/314). Between those with and without DVT there was no significant difference in age, sex, platelet count, INR, infection, hepatocellular cancer, use of venous bypass, and prior surgery. There was a significant difference in mobility, 67% vs 20% (P < .0001), and the use of factor VII, 11% vs 2% (P < .05). The estimated risk for of developing DVT for patients with neither of these factors was 4%; with factor VII the risk rose to 17%; with mobility difficulty the risk rose to 23%; and with both the risk was 62%. In our entire population, there were no cases of pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS The risk of developing a DVT after LT is ≥9% even with mechanical DVT prophylaxis. Consideration should be given to using both mechanical and chemical prophylaxis after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Annamalai
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - I Kim
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - V Sundaram
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - A Klein
- Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Reddy YNV, Sundaram V, Tam M, Parikh SA. Spontaneous coronary artery thrombosis in the setting of active lupus mesenteric vasculitis. Lupus 2015; 24:885-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203315570167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 33-year-old male with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with acute abdominal pain and was found to have lupus mesenteric vasculitis on imaging and during exploratory laparotomy. Post laparotomy he continued to have persistent nausea and dyspepsia and an electrocardiogram showed evidence of an inferior ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Emergency cardiac catheterization showed evidence of thrombotic right coronary artery occlusion. His coronaries were otherwise normal with no evidence of underlying coronary artery disease. Extensive workup with trans-esophageal echo, serologies for antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and bubble study was negative. This effectively ruled out Libman–Sacks endocarditis, APS-induced arterial thrombus and paradoxical emboli as potential causes of his STEMI. By exclusion of other causes, the etiology of his STEMI was felt to be secondary to in-situ coronary artery thrombosis in the setting of active SLE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with SLE presenting with both lupus mesenteric vasculitis and in-situ coronary arterial thrombosis in the absence of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh N V Reddy
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - V Sundaram
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - M Tam
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | - S A Parikh
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
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Arthanari T, Sundaram V, Sathish Kumar S. 1D Modeling of Expansion tank Flow. SAE Technical Paper Series 2015:2015-26-0194. [DOI: 10.4271/2015-26-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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C S, Sundaram V, S SK. Simulation of Split Engine Cooling System. SAE Technical Paper Series 2015:2015-26-0196. [DOI: 10.4271/2015-26-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Gibbons I, Sundaram V, Adogwa A, Odekunle A. The Cytoarchitecture of the Inferior Colliculus of Two Species of Bats: Noctilio leporinus (Fish Eating) and Phyllostomus Hastatus (Carnivorous/ Omnivorous). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5963/lsmr0304005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Burton E, Wattam-Bell J, Nishiguchi K, Sundaram V, Aboshiha J, Webster A, Moore A, Michaelides M, Nardini M. Cortical visual processing in patients with congenital achromatopsia: coherent form, motion and biological motion perception. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Moriera F, So K, Gould P, Kamnasaran D, Jensen RL, Hussain I, Gutmann DH, Gorovets D, Kastenhuber ER, Pentsova E, Nayak L, Huse JT, van den Bent MJ, Gravendeel LA, Gorlia T, Kros JM, Wesseling P, Teepen J, Idbaih A, Sanson M, Smitt PAS, French PJ, Zhang W, Zhang J, Hoadley K, Carter B, Li S, Kang C, You Y, Jiang C, Song S, Jiang T, Chen C, Grimm C, Weiler M, Claus R, Weichenhan D, Hartmann C, Plass C, Weller M, Wick W, Jenkins RB, Sicotte H, Xiao Y, Fridley BL, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Kollmeyer TM, Fink SR, Rynearson AL, Rice T, McCoy LS, Smirnov I, Tehan T, Hansen HM, Patoka JS, Prados MD, Chang SM, Berger MS, Lachance DH, Wiencke JK, Wiemels JL, Wrensch MR, Gephart MH, Lee E, Kyriazopoulou-Panagiotopoulou S, Milenkovic L, Xun X, Hou Y, Kui W, Edwards M, Batzoglou S, Jun W, Scott M, Hobbs JE, Tipton J, Zhou T, Kelleher NL, Chandler JP, Schwarzenberg J, Czernin J, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Geist C, Phelps M, Chen W, Nakada M, Hayashi Y, Obuchi W, Ohtsuki S, Watanabe T, Ikeda C, Misaki K, Kita D, Hayashi Y, Uchiyama N, Terasaki T, Hamada JI, Hiddingh L, Tops B, Hulleman E, Kaspers GJL, Vandertop WP, Wesseling P, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Jeuken JW, See AP, Hwang T, Shin D, Shin JH, Gao Y, Lim M, Hutterer M, Michael M, Gerold U, Karin S, Ingrid G, Florian D, Armin M, Eugen T, Eberhard G, Gunther S, Cook RW, Oelschlager K, Sevim H, Chung L, Wheeler HT, Baxter RC, McDonald KL, Chaturbedi A, Yu L, Zhou YH, Chaturbedi A, Wong A, Fatuyi R, Linskey ME, Zhou YH, Lavon I, Shahar T, Zrihan D, Granit A, Ram Z, Siegal T, Brat DJ, Cooper LA, Gutman DA, Chisolm CS, Appin C, Kong J, Kurc T, Van Meir EG, Saltz JH, Moreno CS, Abuhusain HJ, McDonald KL, Don AS, Nagarajan RP, Johnson BE, Olshen AB, Smirnov I, Xie M, Wang J, Sundaram V, Paris P, Wang T, Costello JF, Sijben AE, Boots-Sprenger SH, Boogaarts J, Rijntjes J, Geitenbeek JM, van der Palen J, Bernsen HJ, Wesseling P, Jeuken JW, Schnell O, Adam SA, Eigenbrod S, Kretzschmar HA, Tonn JC, Schuller U, Schwarzenberg J, Cloughesy T, Czernin J, Geist C, Phelps M, Chen W, Sperduto PW, Kased N, Roberge D, Xu Z, Shanley R, Luo X, Sneed PK, Chao ST, Weil RJ, Suh J, Bhatt A, Jensen AW, Brown PD, Shih HA, Kirkpatrick J, Gaspar LE, Fiveash JB, Chiang V, Knisely JP, Sperduto CM, Lin N, Mehta MP, Kwatra MM, Porter TM, Brown KE, Herndon JE, Bigner DD, Dahlrot RH, Kristensen BW, Hansen S, Sulman EP, Cahill DP, Wang M, Won M, Hegi ME, Mehta MP, Aldape KD, Gilbert MR, Sadr ES, Tessier A, Sadr MS, Alshami J, Sabau C, Del Maestro R, Neal ML, Rockne R, Trister AD, Swanson KR, Maleki S, Back M, Buckland M, Brazier D, McDonald K, Cook R, Parker N, Wheeler H, Jalbert L, Elkhaled A, Phillips JJ, Yoshihara HA, Parvataneni R, Srinivasan R, Bourne G, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson SJ, Aldape KD, Gilbert M, Cahill D, Wang M, Won M, Hegi M, Colman H, Mehta M, Sulman E, Elkhaled A, Jalbert L, Constantin A, Phillips J, Yoshihara H, Srinivasan R, Bourne G, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson S, Gunn S, Reveles XT, Tirtorahardjo B, Strecker MN, Fichtel L. -OMICS AND PROGNOSTIC MARKERS. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Seiler S, Cremers B, Ege P, Fehrenz M, Hornof F, Jeken J, Kersting S, Rebling NM, Steimle C, Rogacev KS, Scheller B, Bohm M, Fliser D, Heine GH, Nagler EVT, Webster AC, Vanholder R, Zoccali C, Nagler EVT, Webster AC, Vanholder R, Zoccali C, Chinnappa S, Mooney A, El Nahas M, Tan LB, Lucisano G, Bova F, Presta P, Caglioti C, Caglioti A, Fuiano G, Ikeda A, Konta T, Takasaki S, Mashima Y, Kubota I, Nakamura S, Kokubo Y, Makino H, Takata H, Fujii T, Yoshihara F, Horio T, Kawano Y, Badulescu M, Capusa C, Stancu S, Blaga V, Ilyes A, Anghel C, Mircescu G, Tolkacheva V, Villevalde S, Tyukhmenev E, Kobalava Z, Shalyagin Y, Shvetsov M, Nagaytseva S, Lukshina L, Shilov E, Fusaro M, Tripepi G, Crepaldi G, Maggi S, D'Angelo A, Naso A, Plebani M, Vajente N, Giannini S, Calo L, Miozzo D, Cristofaro R, Gallieni M, Feriozzi S, Torras J, Cibulla M, Nicholls K, Sunder-Plassmann G, West M, Pavlikova E, Villevalde S, Kobalava Z, Moiseev V, Yen CT, Huang CH, Wang MC, Daher E, Silva Junior G, Vieira AP, Couto Bem A, Fiqueiredo Filho A, Lopes Filho A, Guedes A, Eloy Costa C, Holanda de Souza J, Liborio A, Daniel R, Nitsch D, Harper L, EUVAS Group, Little M, Khatami SMR, Mahmoodian M, Zare E, Pashang M, Mc Carroll F, Cooke B, O'Kane M, Moles K, Garrett P, Lindsay J, Yu TM, Chen CH, Wu MJ, Cheng CH, Chuang YW, Shu KH, Cole JC, Oberdhan D, Cheng R, Urwongse J, Krasa H, Czerwiec F, Chapman A, Perrone R, Moranne O, Fafin C, Favre G, Mougel S, Vido A, Seitz B, Dahan P, Albano L, Esnult V, Rama M, Gayathri P, Leelavathi DA, Ravindra PA, Sundaram V, Nageshwar PR, Presta P, Piraina V, Talarico R, Esposito G, Colombo A, Lucisano G, Caglioti C, Mazza G, Cirillo E, Quattrone S, Fuiano G, Marron B, Chen N, Shi H, Ma X, Zhang J, Mao P, He L, Yu J, Ding X, Jiang G, Gu Y, Zhang W, Wang N, Mei C, Ni Z, Tzanno C, Stein G, Nisihara F, Rocha J, Clesca P, Uezima C, Langham H, Tomlin M, Coyne E, Hope W, Bebb C, Johnson C, Byrne C, Li Y, Zhang W, Ren H, Wang W, Shi H, Li X, Chen X, Wu X, Chen N, Canver B, Colak T, Can S, Karakayali H, Bansal V, Davis R, Litinas E, Hoppensteadt D, Thethi I, Fareed J. General & clinical epidemiology CKD 1-5 (1). Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sundaram V, Lazzeroni LC, Douglass LR, Sanders GD, Tempio P, Owens DK. A randomized trial of computer-based reminders and audit and feedback to improve HIV screening in a primary care setting. Int J STD AIDS 2009; 20:527-33. [DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite recommendations for voluntary HIV screening, few medical centres have implemented screening programmes. The objective of the study was to determine whether an intervention with computer-based reminders and feedback would increase screening for HIV in a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health-care system. The design of the study was a randomized controlled trial at five primary care clinics at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. All primary care providers were eligible to participate in the study. The study intervention was computer-based reminders to either assess HIV risk behaviours or to offer HIV testing; feedback on adherence to reminders was provided. The main outcome measure was the difference in HIV testing rates between intervention and control group providers. The control group providers tested 1.0% ( n = 67) and 1.4% ( n = 106) of patients in the preintervention and intervention period, respectively; intervention providers tested 1.8% ( n = 98) and 1.9% ( n = 114), respectively ( P = 0.75). In our random sample of 753 untested patients, 204 (27%) had documented risk behaviours. Providers were more likely to adhere to reminders to test rather than with reminders to perform risk assessment (11% versus 5%, P < 0.01). Sixty-one percent of providers felt that lack of time prevented risk assessment. In conclusion, in primary care clinics in our setting, HIV testing rates were low. Providers were unaware of the high rates of risky behaviour in their patient population and perceived important barriers to testing. Low-intensity clinical reminders and feedback did not increase rates of screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sundaram
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto
| | - L C Lazzeroni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford
| | - L R Douglass
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - G D Sanders
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, School of Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - P Tempio
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto
| | - D K Owens
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto
- Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University, Stanford
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Banu Rekha VV, Ramachandran R, Kuppu Rao KV, Rahman F, Adhilakshmi AR, Kalaiselvi D, Murugesan P, Sundaram V, Narayanan PR. Assessment of long term status of sputum positive pulmonary TB patients successfully treated with short course chemotherapy. Indian J Tuberc 2009; 56:132-140. [PMID: 20349754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long term status of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients treated with short course chemotherapy (SCC) regimens remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical, bacteriological, radiological status and health related quality of life (HRQoL) of PTB patients 14-18 years after successful treatment with SCC. METHODOLOGY In a cross-sectional study, cured PTB patients treated during 1986-1990 at the Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC) were investigated for their current health status including pulmonary function tests (PFT). The St Georges respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to assess the HRQoL. RESULTS The mean period after treatment completion for the 363 eligible participants was 16.5 yrs (range 14-18 yrs., 84% coverage); 25 (7%) had been re-treated and 52 (14%) died. Among the investigated, 58 (29%) had persistent respiratory symptoms; 170 (86%) had radiological sequelae but none had active disease. Abnormal PFT was observed in 96 (65%) with predominantly restrictive type of disease in 66 (45%). The SGRQ scores for activity and impact were high implying impairment in HRQoL. CONCLUSION Assessment of long term status of cured PTB patients showed an impairment of lung functions and HRQoL highlighting the need to address these issues in the management of TB that may provide added value to patient care.
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Paragi P, Sundaram V, Chamberlain R, Barone J, Kigongo S. QS342. Pyogenic Myositis Mimicking Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Surg Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abraham G, Lunawat D, Mathew M, Fathima N, Soundarajan S, Sundaram V. CORRELATION OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION WITH EGFR, DIABETIES, SMOKING, HD, PD IN A COHORT OF RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS FROM SOUTH INDIA. Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000331397.03642.fc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pratap B, Sundaram V, Abraham G, Matthew M, Bhaskar S. Cessation of galactorrhea in a chronic kidney disease patient with non-tumoral hyperprolactinemia after renal transplantation. J Assoc Physicians India 2008; 56:54-55. [PMID: 18472504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Northup PG, Sundaram V, Fallon MB, Reddy KR, Balogun RA, Sanyal AJ, Anstee QM, Hoffman MR, Ikura Y, Caldwell SH. Hypercoagulation and thrombophilia in liver disease. J Thromb Haemost 2008; 6:2-9. [PMID: 17892532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A complex balance exists between endogenous procoagulants and the anticoagulant system in liver disease patients. Hypercoagulable events occur in cirrhosis patients despite the well-known bleeding diathesis of liver disease. These events may be clinically evident, such as in portal vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, but these conditions may also be a silent contributor to certain disease states, such as portopulmonary hypertension or parenchymal extinction with liver atrophy as well as thrombosis of extracorporeal circuits in dialysis or liver assist devices. Moreover, liver disease-related hypercoagulability may contribute to vascular disease in the increasingly common condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Despite the incidence of these problems, there are few widely accessible and practical laboratory tests to evaluate the risk of a hypercoagulable event in cirrhosis patients. Furthermore, there is little research on the use of commonly accepted anticoagulants in patients with liver disease. This article is a result of an international symposium on coagulation disorders in liver disease and addresses several areas of specific interest in hypercoagulation in liver disease. Critical areas lacking clinical information are highlighted and future areas of research interest are defined with an aim to foster clinical research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Northup
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0708, USA.
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Banu Rekha VV, Balasubramanian R, Swaminathan S, Ramachandran R, Rahman F, Sundaram V, Thyagarajan K, Selvakumar N, Adhilakshmi AR, Iliayas S, Narayanan PR. Sputum conversion at the end of intensive phase of Category-1 regimen in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus or HIV infection: An analysis of risk factors. Indian J Med Res 2007; 126:452-458. [PMID: 18160750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE New smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) are treated with a 6-month short-course chemotherapy (SCC) regimen irrespective of co-morbid conditions. We undertook this retrospective analysis to compare sputum conversion rates (smear, culture) at the end of intensive phase (IP) of Category-1 regimen among patients admitted to concurrent controlled clinical trials: pulmonary tuberculosis alone (PTB) or with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-TB) or HIV infection (HIV-TB), and to identify the risk factors influencing sputum conversion. METHODS In this retrospective analysis sputum conversion rates at the end of intensive phase (IP) in three concurrent studies undertaken among PTB, DM-TB and HIV-TB patients, during 1998 - 2002 at the Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai, were compared. Sputum smears were examined by fluorescent microscopy. HIV infected patients did not receive anti-retroviral treatment (ART). Patients with DM were treated with oral hypoglycaemic drugs or insulin (sc). RESULTS The study population included 98, 92 and 88 patients in the PTB, DM-TB and HIV-TB studies. At the end of IP the smear conversion (58, 61, and 62%) and culture conversion (86, 88 and 92%) rates were similar in the three groups respectively. The variables associated with lack of sputum smear or culture conversion were age >45 yr, higher pre-treatment smear and culture grading, and extent of the radiographic involvement. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that the current policy of the control programme to treat all pulmonary TB patients with or with out co-morbid conditions with Category-I regimen appears to be appropriate.
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Mathew S, Nalini SM, Rahman F, Dastageer A, Sundaram V, Paramasivan CN. Simple direct drug susceptibility tests on sputum samples for early detection of resistance in tubercle bacilli. Indian J Tuberc 2007; 54:184-189. [PMID: 18072531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct sensitivity test either by sputum concentrate (DS) or swab method (DSM) set up along with the primary culture would avoid the delay of four or more weeks required for the indirect test. A comparison of these two methods against the standard indirect sensitivity method under routine laboratory conditions is necessary to prove their merit. METHOD Smear positive sputum samples were aliquoted and sensitivity tests were set up by both the direct methods as also an indirect test set up from the primary culture of the same sample. RESULTS The agreement with the indirect test results for isoniazid (INH) ranged from 97-98% for the DS method and 93-97% for the DSM method. The corresponding figures were 96-98% by the DS and 94-99% by the DSM method for rifampicin (R). The agreement was less satisfactory for ethambutol (Emb). CONCLUSION This study showed that direct sensitivity tests such as DS and DSM methods can detect most of the cultures resistant to INH and R (MDR) from the time growth appears on the primary culture, even as early as the second week of setting up the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mathew
- Tuberculosis Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chetput, Chennai-600 031
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Thomas A, Ramachandran R, Rehaman F, Jaggarajamma K, Santha T, Selvakumar N, Krishnan N, Mohan NS, Sundaram V, Wares F, Narayanan PR. Management of multi drug resistance tuberculosis in the field: Tuberculosis Research Centre experience. Indian J Tuberc 2007; 54:117-24. [PMID: 17886699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
SETTING Multi-drug TB resistant (resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin) patients identified from a rural and urban area. OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of managing MDR TB patients under field conditions where DOTS programme has been implemented. METHODS MDR TB Patients identified among patients treated under DOTS in the rural area and from cases referred by the NGO when MDR TB was suspected form the study population. Culture and drug susceptibility testing were done at Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC). Treatment regimen was decided on individual basis. After a period of initial hospitalization, treatment was continued in the respective peripheral health facility or with the NGO after identifying a DOT provider in the field. Patients attended TRC at monthly intervals for clinical, sociological and bacteriological evaluations. Drugs for the month were pre-packed and handed over to the respective center. RESULTS A total of 66 MDR TB patients (46 from the rural and 20 from the NGO) started on treatment form the study population and among them 20 (30%) were resistant to one or more second line drugs (Eto, Ofx, Km) including a case of "XDR TB". Less than half the patients stayed in the hospital for more than 10 days. The treatment was provided partially under supervision. Providing injection was identified to be a major problem. Response to treatment could be correctly predicted based on the 6-month smear results in 40 of 42 regular patients. Successful treatment outcome was observed only in 37% of cases with a high default of 24%. Adverse reactions necessitating modification of treatment was required only for three patients. IMPLICATIONS Despite having reliable DST and drug logistics, the main challenge was to maintain patients on such prolonged treatment by identifying a provider closer to the patient who can also give injection, have social skills and manage of minor adverse reactions.
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Barsam A, Heatley CJ, Sundaram V, Toma NMG. A retrospective analysis to determine the effect of independent treatment centres on the case mix for microsurgical training. Eye (Lond) 2007; 22:687-90. [PMID: 17277752 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the effect of Independent Sector Treatment Centres (ISTC) on microsurgical training. METHODS A novel scoring protocol for stratification of cases suitable for microsurgical training was devised. This scoring protocol was applied to all patients who underwent cataract surgery on a single consultant dedicated training list between September and November 2004. These patients are representative of patients remaining on the waiting list after ISTC selection, that is, the residual case mix. Patients who underwent cataract surgery on the same consultant list in the same period in 2003 were also analysed when there was no ISTC or other waiting list initiative in operation. RESULTS Data was available for 129 patients. Seventy three patients underwent cataract surgery between September and November 2003 and 56 patients underwent cataract surgery in the same period in 2004. Using the devised scoring protocol, the mean score in the 2003 group was 1.08 +/-1.75 (range, 0.0-10.5) and for the 2004 group the mean score was 2.31 +/-2.65 (range, 0.0-4.5). A Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the scores in the two groups (P=0.0009). With Independent Sector Treatment Centre implementation the percentage of cases suitable only for consultants increased fourfold. CONCLUSION The decrease in suitable cases for training as shown in this study is likely to have serious consequences on microsurgical training in the UK. We recommend that the results of this study are considered in any current or future plans for ISTC continuation and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barsam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Howlands, Welwyn Garden City, UK.
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Chen SDM, Sundaram V, Wilkinson A, Patel CK. Variation in anaesthesia for the laser treatment of retinopathy of prematurity—a survey of ophthalmologists in the UK. Eye (Lond) 2006; 21:1033-6. [PMID: 16878117 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may be associated with systemic stress for the infant. No national consensus on the optimum method of anaesthesia for the treatment of ROP currently exists. This study ascertains the anaesthetic practices employed for the treatment of ROP by ophthalmologists in the United Kingdom (UK), and also their attitudes towards these practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS A postal questionnaire was sent to 46 consultant ophthalmologists identified as performing treatment for ROP in the UK. The consultants were asked to estimate the annual number of babies with ROP that they treated with laser, what methods of anaesthesia they employed, for comments regarding the arrangements for, and types of anaesthesia employed and whether they believed that the neonatal stress response to laser treatment was associated with a significant risk of systemic complications. RESULTS In all, 35 (76%) questionnaires were returned. A total of 30 (86%) respondents reported performing laser treatment for ROP. Of these, 15 (50%) used general anaesthesia for all cases and 11 (37%) intravenous sedation combined with topical anaesthesia for all cases. Oral sedation combined with topical anaesthesia, rectal chloral hydrate and paracetamol combined with topical anaesthesia, intravenous ketamine combined with topical anaesthesia, and subtenon's local anesthesia were used by one (3%) respondent each. There were no ophthalmologists using subconjunctival or topical anaesthetic alone or treating without anaesthesia. CONCLUSION This survey reveals considerable variation in practice among UK ophthalmologists regarding the anaesthetic methods employed in the treatment of ROP, and their beliefs regarding the systemic stress associated with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D M Chen
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK
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Pingili RR, Jambula MR, Ganta MR, Ghanta MR, Sajja E, Sundaram V, Boluggdu VB. Identification and synthesis of potential impurities of rabeprazole sodium. Pharmazie 2005; 60:814-8. [PMID: 16320941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rabeprazole sodium (1, Achiphex) is a gastric proton pump inhibitor. It causes dose-dependent inhibition of acid secretion and is useful as an anti-ulcer agent. In the process for the preparation of 1, two potential unknown impurities were identified in HPLC at levels ranging from 0.05-0.8%. Based on mass spectral data vide LC-MS, the two impurities were characterized as 2-{[(4-chloro-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl) methyl] sulfinyl}-1H-bezimidazole (2, chloro analogue of rabeprazole) and 2-[{(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl}sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole (3, methoxy analogue of rabeprazole). The structures were unambiguously established by independently synthesizing them and co-injecting in HPLC. To our knowledge, the compounds 2 and 3 have not been reported as process impurities elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reddy Pingili
- Department of Research and Development, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Bollaram, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Strabismus, or squint, can be defined as a deviation from perfect ocular alignment and can be classified in many ways according to its aetiology and presentation. Treatment can be broadly divided into medical and surgical options, with a variety of surgical techniques being available, including the use of adjustable or non-adjustable sutures for the extra ocular muscles. There exists an uncertainty as to which of these techniques produces a better surgical outcome, and also an opinion that the adjustable suture technique may be of greater benefit in certain situations. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review were to examine whether adjustable or non-adjustable sutures are associated with a more accurate long-term ocular alignment following strabismus surgery and to identify any specific situations in which it would be of benefit to use a particular method. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL on The Cochrane Library (which includes the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (Issue 3 2004), MEDLINE (1966 to July 2004), EMBASE (1980 to August 2004), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences) (July 2004). We contacted experts in the field for further information. There were no language restrictions in the electronic searches. SELECTION CRITERIA We planned to include only randomised controlled trials comparing adjustable to non-adjustable sutures for strabismus surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS No studies were found that met the inclusion criteria for this review. MAIN RESULTS No studies were found that met the inclusion criteria for this review, therefore none were included for analysis. Results of non-randomised studies that compared these techniques are reported. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS No reliable conclusions could be reached regarding which technique (adjustable or non-adjustable sutures) produces a more accurate long-term ocular alignment following strabismus surgery or in which specific situations one technique is of greater benefit than the other. High quality randomised controlled trials are needed to obtain clinically valid results and to clarify these issues.
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