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Chan YKS, Affendi YA, Ang PO, Baria-Rodriguez MV, Chen CA, Chui APY, Giyanto, Glue M, Huang H, Kuo CY, Kim SW, Lam VYY, Lane DJW, Lian JS, Lin SMNN, Lunn Z, Nañola CL, Nguyen VL, Park HS, Suharsono, Sutthacheep M, Vo ST, Vibol O, Waheed Z, Yamano H, Yeemin T, Yong E, Kimura T, Tun K, Chou LM, Huang D. Decadal stability in coral cover could mask hidden changes on reefs in the East Asian Seas. Commun Biol 2023; 6:630. [PMID: 37301948 PMCID: PMC10257672 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs in the Central Indo-Pacific region comprise some of the most diverse and yet threatened marine habitats. While reef monitoring has grown throughout the region in recent years, studies of coral reef benthic cover remain limited in spatial and temporal scales. Here, we analysed 24,365 reef surveys performed over 37 years at 1972 sites throughout East Asia by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network using Bayesian approaches. Our results show that overall coral cover at surveyed reefs has not declined as suggested in previous studies and compared to reef regions like the Caribbean. Concurrently, macroalgal cover has not increased, with no indications of phase shifts from coral to macroalgal dominance on reefs. Yet, models incorporating socio-economic and environmental variables reveal negative associations of coral cover with coastal urbanisation and sea surface temperature. The diversity of reef assemblages may have mitigated cover declines thus far, but climate change could threaten reef resilience. We recommend prioritisation of regionally coordinated, locally collaborative long-term studies for better contextualisation of monitoring data and analyses, which are essential for achieving reef conservation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K S Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Y A Affendi
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P O Ang
- Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M V Baria-Rodriguez
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon, Philippines
| | - C A Chen
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A P Y Chui
- Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Giyanto
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M Glue
- Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - H Huang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - C-Y Kuo
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S W Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - V Y Y Lam
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Washington D.C., USA
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D J W Lane
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - J S Lian
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - S M N N Lin
- Fauna & Flora International, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Z Lunn
- Fauna & Flora International, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - C L Nañola
- University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao, Philippines
| | - V L Nguyen
- Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - H S Park
- Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suharsono
- Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M Sutthacheep
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S T Vo
- Institute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - O Vibol
- Department of Fisheries Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Z Waheed
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - H Yamano
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukaba, Japan
| | - T Yeemin
- Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - E Yong
- Reef Check Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - T Kimura
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network East Asia Region, Tokyo, Japan
- Palau International Coral Reef Center, Koror, Palau
| | - K Tun
- Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network East Asia Region, Tokyo, Japan
- National Biodiversity Centre, National Parks Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L M Chou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Nguyen NT, Bui NX, Nguyen VL, Nguyen VK, Kikuchi K, Nguyen HT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen HT, Dong QV, Chu HH, Cuc NTK, Somfai T. Optimization of in vitro embryo production and zygote vitrification for the indigenous Vietnamese Ban pig: The effects of different in vitro oocyte maturation systems. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13412. [PMID: 32618066 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Vietnamese Ban pig is a precious genetic resource that needs to be preserved. In vitro embryo production from in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes is an important tool for the utilization of cryopreserved porcine sperm. The aim of this study was to compare two media for the IVM of Ban pig oocytes. Immature oocytes were subjected to IVM either in a non-defined (TCM-199 + pig follicular fluid) or in a defined base medium (POM + epidermal growth factor). At the end of IVM, the oocytes were in vitro fertilized (IVF) with frozen Ban sperm. Ten hours after IVF, the oocytes were either subjected to orcein staining to check fertilization and maturation status or cultured in vitro for 7 days. There was no difference between the two IVM media in terms of percentages of oocyte maturation and blastocyst production. However, the percentage of male pronuclear formation after IVF and the total cell numbers in blastocysts were higher with the defined system. Zygotes obtained by the two IVM systems survived vitrification at similar rates. In conclusion, the two IVM systems were both effective for the production of Ban pig embryos; however, better embryo quality was achieved with the defined one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Bui
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Viet Linh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiep Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hong Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen Van Dong
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Ha Chu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tamas Somfai
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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Alanazi AD, Nguyen VL, Alyousif MS, Manoj RRS, Alouffi AS, Donato R, Sazmand A, Mendoza-Roldan JA, Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D. Ticks and associated pathogens in camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:110. [PMID: 32111251 PMCID: PMC7048137 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-3973-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camel production in Saudi Arabia is severely affected by various diseases and by inadequate veterinary services. Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) affect the health and wellbeing of camels consequently diminishing their productivity and performances. In addition, camels may act as hosts for TBPs (e.g. Anaplasma phagocytophilum) causing diseases in humans. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of ixodid ticks and molecularly investigate the associated pathogens in camels from Saudi Arabia. METHODS Blood and tick samples were collected from camels (n = 170) in Riyad Province of Saudi Arabia. Ticks were morphologically identified, and blood of camels were molecularly screened for apicomplexan (i.e. Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Hepatozoon spp.) and rickettsial parasites (i.e. Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp.). RESULTS Of the 170 camels examined, 116 (68.2%; 95% CI: 60.9-75.1%) were infested by ticks with a mean intensity of 2.53 (95% CI: 2.4-2.6). In total of 296 ticks collected, Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent (76.4%), followed by Hyalomma impeltatum (23.3%) and Hyalomma excavatum (0.3%). Of the tested animals, 13 (7.6%; 95% CI: 4.3-12.8%) scored positive to at least one TBP, with Anaplasma platys (5.3%; 95% CI: 2.7-9.9%) being the most prevalent species, followed by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis (0.6% each; 95% CI: 0.04-3.4%). None of the camels were found to be co-infected with more than one pathogen. All samples tested negative for Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals the occurrence of different tick species and TBPs in camels from Saudi Arabia. Importantly, these camels may carry A. phagocytophilum and A. platys, representing a potential risk to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah D Alanazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Viet Linh Nguyen
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mohamed S Alyousif
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranju R S Manoj
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Abdulaziz S Alouffi
- Life Science and Environment Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ridolfi Donato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico della Puglia e della Basilicata, Bari, Italy
| | - Alireza Sazmand
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy.,Department of Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy. .,Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
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Mendoza-Roldan JA, Colella V, Lia RP, Nguyen VL, Barros-Battesti DM, Iatta R, Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D. Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in ectoparasites and reptiles in southern Italy. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:35. [PMID: 30646928 PMCID: PMC6332633 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) is a complex containing pathogenic bacteria of which some species, such as Borrelia lusitaniae, use birds, small mammals and reptiles as reservoirs. In Italy, the bacteria have been detected in reptilian and avian reservoirs in the northern and central regions. RESULTS Here, 211 reptiles from three orders [Squamata (Sauria with seven species in five families and Ophidia with 11 species in three families), Crocodylia (one family and two species), and Testudines (two families and two species)] were examined for ectoparasites and molecular detection of B. burgdorferi (s.l.) in three different sites of southern Italy, an area for which no information was previously available on the occurrence of borreliosis in animals and humans. Borrelia lusitaniae was molecularly detected in larvae and nymphs (11.6%) of Ixodes ricinus infesting lizards (i.e. Podarcis muralis, Podarcis siculus and Lacerta bilineata) and in 12.3% blood samples of P. siculus. Finally, B. lusitaniae and Borrelia garinii were detected in 5.1% (32/630) of questing I. ricinus. CONCLUSIONS These results show the circulation of B. lusitaniae in southern Italy and suggest that P. siculus could play a role as a reservoir, representing a potential medical threat to humans living in or visiting these localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270 Brazil
- Butantan Institute, São Paulo, 05503-900 Brazil
| | - Vito Colella
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | - Riccardo Paolo Lia
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | - Viet Linh Nguyen
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270 Brazil
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 Brazil
| | - Roberta Iatta
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420 Brazil
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Deparment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
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Xuan NT, Trang PTT, Van Phong N, Toan NL, Trung DM, Bac ND, Nguyen VL, Hoang NH, Van Hai N. Klotho sensitive regulation of dendritic cell functions by vitamin E. Biol Res 2016; 49:45. [PMID: 27881156 PMCID: PMC5121936 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-016-0105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells for naive T cells to link innate and acquired immunity. Klotho, an anti-aging protein, participates in the regulation of Ca2+ dependent migration in DCs. Vitamin E (VitE) is an essential antioxidant to protect cells from damage and elicits its inhibitory effects on NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. However, the roles of VitE on mouse DC functions and the contribution of klotho to those effects both are unknown. The present study explored the effects of VitE on klotho expression, maturation, ROS production and migration in DCs. Methods The mouse bone marrow cells were isolated and cultured with GM-CSF to attain bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). Cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of VitE (500 µM). RT-PCR and immunoprecipitation methods were employed to determine klotho expression, ELISA to determine cytokine release, flow cytometry to analyze number of CD86+CD11c+ cells, the intracellular expression of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a transwell migration assay to trace migration. Results Klotho transcript level and this hormone secretion in DC supernatant were enhanced by VitE treatment and further increased in the presence of NF-κB inhibitor Bay 11-7082 (10 µM). Moreover, VitE treatment inhibited IL-12p70 protein expression of, ROS accumulation in and CCL21-dependent migration of LPS-triggered mature DCs, these effects were reversed following klotho silencing. Conclusion The up-regulation of klotho by VitE could contribute to the inhibitory effects of VitE on NF-κB-mediated DC functional maturation. The events might contribute to immunotherapeutic effect of VitE on the pathophysiology of klotho-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Xuan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phi Thi Thu Trang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Phong
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Linh Toan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Minh Trung
- Department of Protein-Toxic-Cells, Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Applied Research Center, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duy Bac
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Viet Linh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nong Van Hai
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Nguyen VH, Nguyen VL, Hoang NS, Do TK. Effect of cell membrane permeability protein on porcine oocyte vitrification. Cryo Letters 2016; 37:103-109. [PMID: 27224521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of proteins with inherent cell membrane-translocating activity will expand our ability to study and manipulate various intracellular processes in living systems. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of TAT-EGFP (trans-activator of transcription-enhanced green fluorescent protein) intra-cellular delivery on the survival and development of mature porcine oocytes after cryopreservasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from follicles 3 to 6 mm in diameter in abattoir-derived oocytesries of prepubertal gilts were on vitro matured (IVM). After IVM, the oocytes were used for TAT-EGFP delivery test and cryopreservation with and without TAT-EGFP supplementation. Oocyte viability was assayed by staining with fluorescein diacetate. Live oocytes were parthened and cultured in vitro, to assess their ability to be activated and to therefore develop. RESULTS The results show that the TAT-EGFP was well delivered into the nuclear of the Hela cell and oocytes also. In the medium toxic test, the proportion of viable oocytes in seven groups showed no significance. In vitrification experiments, the viability of oocytes in group supplemented with TAT-EGFP was significantly higher than that in the without TAT-EGFP group and the control groups (27.7%, 90.4%, and 100%, respectively). Among the three groups, the developmental abilities of oocytes in the supplement TAT-EGFP, EGFP and Control groups revealed that the vitrified group had a significantly reduced ability to undergo first cleavage (34.4%, 63.3%, and 69.0%, respectively). CONCLUSION the supplement of TAT-EGFP protein into vitrification medium does not affect the viability of the oocytes whereas it improved the viability and developmental potential of oocytes after it was vitrified.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Nguyen
- Laboratory of Embryo Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - V L Nguyen
- Laboratory of Embryo Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N S Hoang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T K Do
- Fisheries College, Tuson District, Bacninh Province, Vietnam
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Metwally S, Mohamed F, Faaberg K, Burrage T, Prarat M, Moran K, Bracht A, Mayr G, Berninger M, Koster L, To TL, Nguyen VL, Reising M, Landgraf J, Cox L, Lubroth J, Carrillo C. Pathogenicity and molecular characterization of emerging porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Vietnam in 2007. Transbound Emerg Dis 2010; 57:315-29. [PMID: 20629970 DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, Vietnam experienced swine disease outbreaks causing clinical signs similar to the 'porcine high fever disease' that occurred in China during 2006. Analysis of diagnostic samples from the disease outbreaks in Vietnam identified porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2). Additionally, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus were cultured from lung and spleen, and Streptococcus suis from one spleen sample. Genetic characterization of the Vietnamese PRRSV isolates revealed that this virus belongs to the North American genotype (type 2) with a high nucleotide identity to the recently reported Chinese strains. Amino acid sequence in the nsp2 region revealed 95.7-99.4% identity to Chinese strain HUN4, 68-69% identity to strain VR-2332 and 58-59% identity to strain MN184. A partial deletion in the nsp2 gene was detected; however, this deletion did not appear to enhance the virus pathogenicity in the inoculated pigs. Animal inoculation studies were conducted to determine the pathogenicity of PRRSV and to identify other possible agents present in the original specimens. Pigs inoculated with PRRSV alone and their contacts showed persistent fever, and two of five pigs developed cough, neurological signs and swollen joints. Necropsy examination showed mild to moderate bronchopneumonia, enlarged lymph nodes, fibrinous pericarditis and polyarthritis. PRRSV was re-isolated from blood and tissues of the inoculated and contact pigs. Pigs inoculated with lung and spleen tissue homogenates from sick pigs from Vietnam developed high fever, septicaemia, and died acutely within 72 h, while their contact pigs showed no clinical signs throughout the experiment. Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus was cultured, and PRRSV was re-isolated only from the inoculated pigs. Results suggest that the cause of the swine deaths in Vietnam is a multifactorial syndrome with PRRSV as a major factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Metwally
- FAO Reference Center for Vesicular Diseases, USDA, APHIS, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, National Veterinary Service Laboratories (NVSL), Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Greenport, NY, USA.
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Ju S, Nguyen VL, Watekar PR, Kim BH, Jeong C, Boo S, Kim CJ, Han WT. Fabrication and optical characteristics of a novel optical fiber doped with the Au nanoparticles. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2006; 6:3555-8. [PMID: 17252810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical fibers containing gold metal nanoparticles were developed by modified chemical vapor deposition, in which Au(OH)3 and tetraethyl-orthosilicate (TEOS) was used via sol-gel process to incorporate gold metals by providing the reduction atmosphere. The absorption peak appeared near 490 nm was found to be due to the surface plasmon resonance of the gold nanoparticles incorporated in the fiber core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Ju
- Department of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
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Nguyen TT, Ménétrey F, Genini S, Nguyen VL, Vögeli P, Nguyen BX, Stranzinger G. Application of bovine microsatellite markers on Saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis). J Anim Breed Genet 2005; 122:195-8. [PMID: 16130471 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2005.00511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the applicability of bovine microsatellite markers on Saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis). A total of 127 microsatellite markers were tested on a male and a young female Saola. An efficient amplification was observed for 123 markers (96.8%), 73 markers (59.3%) were polymorphic. Four loci (BM2304, BMS1928, BMS779 and ILSTS006) on cattle chromosomes 1, 4, 7 and 8, respectively, failed to amplify in Saola. Two cattle Y-chromosome-specific microsatellite markers (INRA126 and BM861) were successfully amplified from both sexes in Saola. However, two additional markers (INRA124 and INRA189) on Y-chromosome failed to amplify in the female animal. These results show that most of the bovine microsatellite markers are applicable in Saola and therefore they can be used to study the phylogenetic relationships and the genetic diversity of the Saola population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Nguyen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nguyen VL, Tonnelier M, Majer L, Dehouve A. [A rare cause of the Pierre Marie syndrome: cancer of the cavum (author's transl)]. Ann Radiol (Paris) 1979; 22:39-44. [PMID: 485058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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