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Daryadel A, Tang C, Xie Y, Peitzsch M, Fisi V, Hantel C, Loffing-Cueni D, Breault DT, Penton D, Loffing J, Beuschlein F. Zona Glomerulosa-Derived Klotho Modulates Aldosterone Synthase Expression in Young Female Mice. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae040. [PMID: 38573585 PMCID: PMC11002783 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Klotho plays a critical role in the regulation of ion and fluid homeostasis. A previous study reported that haplo-insufficiency of Klotho in mice results in increased aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression, elevated plasma aldosterone, and high blood pressure. This phenotype was presumed to be the result of diminished Klotho expression in zona glomerulosa (zG) cells of the adrenal cortex; however, systemic effects on adrenal aldosterone production could not be ruled out. To examine whether Klotho expressed in the zG is indeed a critical regulator of aldosterone synthesis, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible, zG-specific mouse model of Klotho deficiency by crossing Klotho-flox mice with Cyp11b2-CreERT mice (zG-Kl-KO). Tamoxifen-treated Cyp11b2-CreERT animals (zG-Cre) served as controls. Rosa26-mTmG reporter mice were used for Cre-dependent lineage-marking. Two weeks after tamoxifen induction, the specificity of the zG-Cre line was verified using immunofluorescence analysis to show that GFP expression was restricted to the zG. RNA in situ hybridization revealed a 65% downregulation of Klotho messenger RNA expression in the zG of zG-Kl-KO female mice at age 12 weeks compared to control mice. Despite this significant decrease, zG-Kl-KO mice exhibited no difference in plasma aldosterone levels. However, adrenal CYP11B2 expression and the CYP11B2 promotor regulatory transcription factors, NGFIB and Nurr1, were enhanced. Together with in vitro experiments, these results suggest that zG-derived Klotho modulates Cyp11b2 but does not evoke a systemic phenotype in young adult mice on a normal diet. Further studies are required to investigate the role of adrenal Klotho on aldosterone synthesis in aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Daryadel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cong Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ye Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Viktoria Fisi
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - David T Breault
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David Penton
- Electrophysiology Facility, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zürich (USZ) and University of Zürich (UZH), 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
- The LOOP Zurich Medical Research Center, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland
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Moser S, Sugano Y, Wengi A, Fisi V, Lindtoft Rosenbaek L, Mariniello M, Loffing‐Cueni D, McCormick JA, Fenton RA, Loffing J. A five amino acids deletion in NKCC2 of C57BL/6 mice affects analysis of NKCC2 phosphorylation but does not impact kidney function. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 233:e13705. [PMID: 34114742 PMCID: PMC8384713 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim The phosphorylation level of the furosemide‐sensitive Na+‐K+‐2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb (TAL) is used as a surrogate marker for NKCC2 activation and TAL function. However, in mice, analyses of NKCC2 phosphorylation with antibodies against phosphorylated threonines 96 and 101 (anti‐pT96/pT101) give inconsistent results. We aimed (a) to elucidate these inconsistencies and (b) to develop a phosphoform‐specific antibody that ensures reliable detection of NKCC2 phosphorylation in mice. Methods Genetic information, molecular biology, biochemical techniques and mouse phenotyping was used to study NKCC2 and kidney function in two commonly used mouse strains (ie 129Sv and in C57BL/6 mice). Moreover, a new phosphoform‐specific mouse NKCC2 antibody was developed and characterized. Results Amino acids sequence alignment revealed that C57BL/6 mice have a strain‐specific five amino acids deletion (ΔF97‐T101) in NKCC2 that diminishes the detection of NKCC2 phosphorylation with previously developed pT96/pT101 NKCC2 antibodies. Instead, the antibodies cross‐react with the phosphorylated thiazide‐sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC), which can obscure interpretation of results. Interestingly, the deletion in NKCC2 does not impact on kidney function and/or expression of renal ion transport proteins as indicated by the analysis of the F2 generation of crossbred 129Sv and C57BL/6 mice. A newly developed pT96 NKCC2 antibody detects pNKCC2 in both mouse strains and shows no cross‐reactivity with phosphorylated NCC. Conclusion Our work reveals a hitherto unappreciated, but essential, strain difference in the amino acids sequence of mouse NKCC2 that needs to be considered when analysing NKCC2 phosphorylation in mice. The new pNKCC2 antibody circumvents this technical caveat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Moser
- Institute of Anatomy University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Yuya Sugano
- Institute of Anatomy University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Wengi
- Institute of Anatomy University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Fisi
- Institute of Anatomy University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - James A. McCormick
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA
| | | | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research “Kidney control of homeostasis” Zurich Switzerland
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Banki E, Fisi V, Moser S, Wengi A, Carrel M, Loffing-Cueni D, Penton D, Kratschmar DV, Rizzo L, Lienkamp S, Odermatt A, Rinschen MM, Loffing J. Specific disruption of calcineurin-signaling in the distal convoluted tubule impacts the transcriptome and proteome, and causes hypomagnesemia and metabolic acidosis. Kidney Int 2021; 100:850-869. [PMID: 34252449 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adverse effects of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), such as hypertension, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypomagnesemia and hypercalciuria, have been linked to dysfunction of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). To test this, we generated a mouse model with an inducible DCT-specific deletion of the calcineurin regulatory subunit B alpha (CnB1-KO). Three weeks after CnB1 deletion, these mice exhibited hypomagnesemia and acidosis, but no hypertension, hyperkalemia or hypercalciuria. Consistent with the hypomagnesemia, CnB1-KO mice showed a downregulation of proteins implicated in DCT magnesium transport, including TRPM6, CNNM2, SLC41A3 and parvalbumin but expression of calcium channel TRPV5 in the kidney was unchanged. The abundance of the chloride/bicarbonate exchanger pendrin was increased, likely explaining the acidosis. Plasma aldosterone levels, kidney renin expression, abundance of phosphorylated sodium chloride-cotransporter and abundance of the epithelial sodium channel were similar in control and CnB1-KO mice, consistent with a normal sodium balance. Long-term potassium homeostasis was maintained in CnB1-KO mice, but in-vivo and ex-vivo experiments indicated that CnB1 contributes to acute regulation of potassium balance and sodium chloride-cotransporter. Tacrolimus treatment of control and CnB1-KO mice demonstrated that CNI-related hypomagnesemia is linked to impaired calcineurin-signaling in DCT, while hypocalciuria and hyponatremia occur independently of CnB1 in DCT. Transcriptome and proteome analyses of isolated DCTs demonstrated that CnB1 deletion impacts the expression of several DCT-specific proteins and signaling pathways. Thus, our data support a critical role of calcineurin for DCT function and provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of CNI side-effects and involved molecular players in the DCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Banki
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research "Kidney Control of Homeostasis," Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Fisi
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Moser
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Wengi
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monique Carrel
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - David Penton
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research "Kidney Control of Homeostasis," Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denise V Kratschmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludovica Rizzo
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Soeren Lienkamp
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research "Kidney Control of Homeostasis," Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- Kidney Research Center, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research "Kidney Control of Homeostasis," Zurich, Switzerland.
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Szijártó IA, Molnár GA, Mikolás E, Fisi V, Cseh J, Laczy B, Kovács T, Böddi K, Takátsy A, Gollasch M, Koller A, Wittmann I. Elevated vascular level of ortho-tyrosine contributes to the impairment of insulin-induced arterial relaxation. Horm Metab Res 2014; 46:749-52. [PMID: 25208272 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that in diabetes mellitus, insulin-induced relaxation of arteries is impaired and the level of ortho-tyrosine (o-Tyr), an oxidized amino acid is increased. Thus, we hypothesized that elevated vascular level of o-Tyr contributes to the impairment of insulin-induced vascular relaxation. Rats were fed with o-Tyr for 4 weeks. Insulin-induced vasomotor responses of isolated femoral artery were studied using wire myography. Vascular o-Tyr content was measured by HPLC, whereas immunoblot analyses were preformed to detect eNOS phosphorylation. Sustained oral supplementation of rats with o-Tyr increased the content of o-Tyr in the arterial wall and significantly reduced the relaxations to insulin. Sustained supplementation of cultured endothelial cells with o-Tyr increased the incorporation of o-Tyr and mitigated eNOS Ser (1 177) phosphorylation to insulin. Increasing arterial wall o-Tyr level attenuates insulin-induced relaxation - at least in part - by decreasing eNOS activation. Elevated level of o-Tyr could be an underlying mechanism for vasomotor dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Szijártó
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - G A Molnár
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - E Mikolás
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - V Fisi
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - J Cseh
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - B Laczy
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - T Kovács
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - K Böddi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - A Takátsy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - M Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Koller
- Department of Pathophysiology and Gerontology and Szentágothai Research Centre University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - I Wittmann
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Szijártó IA, Molnár GA, Mikolás E, Fisi V, Laczy B, Gollasch M, Koller A, Wittmann I. Increase in insulin-induced relaxation of consecutive arterial segments toward the periphery: Role of vascular oxidative state. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:749-57. [PMID: 24628420 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.904507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The oxidative state has been implicated in the signaling of various vasomotor functions, yet its role regarding the vasomotor action of insulin is less known. OBJECTIVE To investigate the insulin-evoked relaxations of consecutive arterial segments of different oxidative state and the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS The oxidative state, as assessed by the level of ortho-tyrosine, was higher in the thoracic aorta of rats than in the abdominal aorta, and was the lowest in the femoral artery. The vasomotor function of vessels of same origin was studied using a small-vessel myograph. Insulin-induced relaxations increased toward the periphery (i.e., thoracic < abdominal < femoral). Aortic banding and hydrogen peroxide/aminotriazole increased the oxidative state of the thoracic aorta that was accompanied by ERK activation and decreased relaxation to insulin, and vice versa, acutely lowered oxidative state by superoxide dismutase/catalase improved relaxation. In contrast, insulin-induced relaxation of the femoral artery could be enhanced with a higher oxidative state, and reduced with a lower state. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative state of vessels modulates the magnitude of vasomotor responses to insulin, which appears to be mediated via the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Szijártó
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
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Mikolás E, Cseh J, Pap M, Szijárto IA, Balogh A, Laczy B, Bekő V, Fisi V, Molnár GA, Mérei A, Szeberényi J, Wittmann I. Effects of erythropoietin on glucose metabolism. Horm Metab Res 2012; 44:279-85. [PMID: 22351476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We purposed to determine the impact of erythropoietin on altering glucose metabolism in the settings of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The acute effect of erythropoietin on lowering blood glucose levels was studied in animal experiments. In [³H]-deoxy-D-glucose isotope studies we measured glucose uptake with insulin and erythropoietin using 3T3-L1 cells cultured under normal or high glucose conditions. Altered activation of Akt and ERK pathways was evaluated in immunoblot analyses. Immunocytochemistry was conducted to determine the glucose transporter 4 translocation to the plasma membrane. Addition of erythropoietin significantly lowered blood glucose levels in vivo in rats. The glucose uptake was markedly increased by erythropoietin treatment (at concentrations 0.15, 0.3, and 0.625 ng/ml) in adipocytes grown in high glucose medium (p<0.05), but it remained unaltered in cells under normal glucose conditions. Significant increase of phosphorylation of ERK and Akt was detected due to erythropoietin (p<0.05). Co-administration of erythropoietin and insulin resulted in higher phosphorylation of Akt and [³H]-deoxy-D-glucose uptake in adipocytes than insulin treatment alone. We found that erythropoietin induced the trafficking of glucose transporter 4 to the plasma membrane. Our data showed that erythropoietin significantly decreased blood glucose levels both in vivo and in vitro, in part, by increasing glucose uptake via the activation of Akt pathway. Preliminary data revealed that adipocytes most likely exhibit a specific receptor for erythropoietin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mikolás
- 2nd Department of Medicine and Nephrological Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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