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Horigan S, Kistler A, Ranaivoson HC, Andrianianina A, Andry S, Kettenburg G, Raharinosy V, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Tato CM, Lacoste V, Heraud JM, Dussart P, Brook CE. Detection, characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of a near-whole genome sequence of a novel astrovirus in an endemic Malagasy fruit bat, Rousettus madagascariensis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.27.564436. [PMID: 37961349 PMCID: PMC10635015 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Bats (order: Chiroptera ) are known to host a diverse range of viruses, some of which present a public health risk. Thorough viral surveillance is therefore essential to predict and potentially mitigate zoonotic spillover. Astroviruses (family: Astroviridae ) are an understudied group of viruses with a growing amount of indirect evidence for zoonotic transfer. Astroviruses have been detected in bats with significant prevalence and diversity, suggesting that bats may act as important astrovirus hosts. Most astrovirus surveillance in wild bat hosts has, to date, been restricted to single-gene PCR detection and concomitant Sanger sequencing; additionally, many bat species and many geographic regions have not yet been surveyed for astroviruses at all. Here, we use metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) to detect astroviruses in three species of Madagascar fruit bats, Eidolon dupreanum, Pteropus rufus, and Rousettus madagascariensis . We detect numerous partial sequences from all three species and one near-full length astrovirus sequence from Rousettus madagascariensis , which we use to characterize the evolutionary history of astroviruses both within bats and the broader mammalian clade, Mamastrovirus . Taken together, applications of mNGS implicate bats as important astrovirus hosts and demonstrate novel patterns of bat astrovirus evolutionary history, particularly in the Southwest Indian Ocean region.
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Bennouna A, Tantely ML, Raharinosy V, Andriamandimby SF, Bigot T, Chrétien D, Jacquemet E, Volant S, Temmam S, Dussart P, Lacoste V, Girod R, Eloit M. Comprehensive Characterization of Viral Diversity of Female Mosquitoes in Madagascar. Viruses 2023; 15:1852. [PMID: 37766259 PMCID: PMC10537517 DOI: 10.3390/v15091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The diversity and circulation of arboviruses are not much studied in Madagascar. The fact is that arboviral emergences are rarely detected. The existing surveillance system primarily relies on serological detection and records only a few human infections annually. The city of Mahajanga, however, experienced a confirmed dengue fever epidemic in 2020 and 2021. This study aimed to characterize and analyze the virome of mosquitoes collected in Mahajanga, near patients with dengue-like syndromes to detect known and unknown viruses as well as investigate the factors contributing to the relative low circulation of arboviruses in the area. A total of 4280 mosquitoes representing at least 12 species from the Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex genera were collected during the dry and the rainy seasons from three sites, following an urbanization gradient. The virome analysis of 2192 female mosquitoes identified a diverse range of viral families and genera and revealed different patterns that are signatures of the influence of the mosquito genus or the season of collection on the composition and abundance of the virome. Despite the absence of known human or veterinary arboviruses, the identification and characterization of viral families, genera, and species in the mosquito virome contribute to our understanding of viral ecology and diversity within mosquito populations in Madagascar. This study serves as a foundation for ongoing surveillance efforts and provides a basis for the development of preventive strategies against various mosquito-borne viral diseases, including known arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Bennouna
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; (A.B.); (S.T.)
- The WOAH (OIE) Collaborating Center for the Detection and Identification in Humans of Emerging Animal Pathogens, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Michael Luciano Tantely
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101 1274, Madagascar; (M.L.T.)
| | | | | | - Thomas Bigot
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; (A.B.); (S.T.)
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Chrétien
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; (A.B.); (S.T.)
- The WOAH (OIE) Collaborating Center for the Detection and Identification in Humans of Emerging Animal Pathogens, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elise Jacquemet
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stevenn Volant
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Temmam
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; (A.B.); (S.T.)
- The WOAH (OIE) Collaborating Center for the Detection and Identification in Humans of Emerging Animal Pathogens, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101 1274, Madagascar
| | - Vincent Lacoste
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101 1274, Madagascar
| | - Romain Girod
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101 1274, Madagascar; (M.L.T.)
| | - Marc Eloit
- Pathogen Discovery Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; (A.B.); (S.T.)
- The WOAH (OIE) Collaborating Center for the Detection and Identification in Humans of Emerging Animal Pathogens, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, University of Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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Razanajatovo NH, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Rabarison JH, Randrianasolo L, Ankasitrahana MF, Ratsimbazafy A, Raherinandrasana AH, Razafimanjato H, Raharinosy V, Andriamandimby SF, Heraud JM, Dussart P, Lacoste V. Epidemiological Patterns of Seasonal Respiratory Viruses during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Madagascar, March 2020-May 2022. Viruses 2022; 15:12. [PMID: 36680053 PMCID: PMC9864023 DOI: 10.3390/v15010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three epidemic waves of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) occurred in Madagascar from March 2020 to May 2022, with a positivity rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of 21% to 33%. Our study aimed to identify the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology of seasonal respiratory viruses (RVs) in Madagascar. We used two different specimen sources (SpS). First, 2987 nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens were randomly selected from symptomatic patients between March 2020 and May 2022 who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 and were tested for 14 RVs by multiplex real-time PCR. Second, 6297 NP specimens were collected between March 2020 and May 2022 from patients visiting our sentinel sites of the influenza sentinel network. The samples were tested for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2. From SpS-1, 19% (569/2987) of samples tested positive for at least one RV. Rhinovirus (6.3%, 187/2987) was the most frequently detected virus during the first two waves, whereas influenza predominated during the third. From SpS-2, influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV accounted for 5.4%, 24.5%, and 39.4% of the detected viruses, respectively. During the study period, we observed three different RV circulation profiles. Certain viruses circulated sporadically, with increased activity in between waves of SARS-CoV-2. Other viruses continued to circulate regardless of the COVID-19 situation. Certain viruses were severely disrupted by the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Our findings underline the importance and necessity of maintaining an integrated disease surveillance system for the surveillance and monitoring of RVs of public health interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laurence Randrianasolo
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Miamina Fidy Ankasitrahana
- Direction de la Veille Sanitaire, de la Surveillance Epidémiologique et Ripostes, Ministry of Public Health, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Arvé Ratsimbazafy
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Antso Hasina Raherinandrasana
- Direction de la Veille Sanitaire, de la Surveillance Epidémiologique et Ripostes, Ministry of Public Health, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Helisoa Razafimanjato
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Vololoniaina Raharinosy
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Soa Fy Andriamandimby
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | | | - Philippe Dussart
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
| | - Vincent Lacoste
- National Influenza Center, Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur of Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
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4
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Kettenburg G, Kistler A, Ranaivoson HC, Ahyong V, Andrianiaina A, Andry S, DeRisi JL, Gentles A, Raharinosy V, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Ravelomanantsoa NAF, Tato CM, Dussart P, Heraud JM, Brook CE. Full Genome Nobecovirus Sequences From Malagasy Fruit Bats Define a Unique Evolutionary History for This Coronavirus Clade. Front Public Health 2022; 10:786060. [PMID: 35223729 PMCID: PMC8873168 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.786060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats are natural reservoirs for both Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses and the hypothesized original hosts of five of seven known zoonotic coronaviruses. To date, the vast majority of bat coronavirus research has been concentrated in Asia, though coronaviruses are globally distributed; indeed, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2-related Betacoronaviruses in the subgenus Sarbecovirus have been identified circulating in Rhinolophid bats in both Africa and Europe, despite the relative dearth of surveillance in these regions. As part of a long-term study examining the dynamics of potentially zoonotic viruses in three species of endemic Madagascar fruit bat (Pteropus rufus, Eidolon dupreanum, Rousettus madagascariensis), we carried out metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) on urine, throat, and fecal samples obtained from wild-caught individuals. We report detection of RNA derived from Betacoronavirus subgenus Nobecovirus in fecal samples from all three species and describe full genome sequences of novel Nobecoviruses in P. rufus and R. madagascariensis. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the existence of five distinct Nobecovirus clades, one of which is defined by the highly divergent ancestral sequence reported here from P. rufus bats. Madagascar Nobecoviruses derived from P. rufus and R. madagascariensis demonstrate, respectively, Asian and African phylogeographic origins, mirroring those of their fruit bat hosts. Bootscan recombination analysis indicates significant selection has taken place in the spike, nucleocapsid, and NS7 accessory protein regions of the genome for viruses derived from both bat hosts. Madagascar offers a unique phylogeographic nexus of bats and viruses with both Asian and African phylogeographic origins, providing opportunities for unprecedented mixing of viral groups and, potentially, recombination. As fruit bats are handled and consumed widely across Madagascar for subsistence, understanding the landscape of potentially zoonotic coronavirus circulation is essential for mitigation of future zoonotic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenddolen Kettenburg
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amy Kistler
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hafaliana Christian Ranaivoson
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Vida Ahyong
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Angelo Andrianiaina
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Santino Andry
- Department of Entomology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Anecia Gentles
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean-Michel Heraud
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Cara E. Brook
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Cara E. Brook
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Andriamandimby SF, Brook CE, Razanajatovo N, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Rakotondramanga JM, Rasambainarivo F, Raharimanga V, Razanajatovo IM, Mangahasimbola R, Razafindratsimandresy R, Randrianarisoa S, Bernardson B, Rabarison JH, Randrianarisoa M, Nasolo FS, Rabetombosoa RM, Ratsimbazafy AM, Raharinosy V, Rabemananjara AH, Ranaivoson CH, Razafimanjato H, Randremanana R, Héraud JM, Dussart P. Cross-sectional cycle threshold values reflect epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in Madagascar. Epidemics 2021; 38:100533. [PMID: 34896895 PMCID: PMC8628610 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2021.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As the national reference laboratory for febrile illness in Madagascar, we processed samples from the first epidemic wave of COVID-19, between March and September 2020. We fit generalized additive models to cycle threshold (Ct) value data from our RT-qPCR platform, demonstrating a peak in high viral load, low-Ct value infections temporally coincident with peak epidemic growth rates estimated in real time from publicly-reported incidence data and retrospectively from our own laboratory testing data across three administrative regions. We additionally demonstrate a statistically significant effect of duration of time since infection onset on Ct value, suggesting that Ct value can be used as a biomarker of the stage at which an individual is sampled in the course of an infection trajectory. As an extension, the population-level Ct distribution at a given timepoint can be used to estimate population-level epidemiological dynamics. We illustrate this concept by adopting a recently-developed, nested modeling approach, embedding a within-host viral kinetics model within a population-level Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) framework, to mechanistically estimate epidemic growth rates from cross-sectional Ct distributions across three regions in Madagascar. We find that Ct-derived epidemic growth estimates slightly precede those derived from incidence data across the first epidemic wave, suggesting delays in surveillance and case reporting. Our findings indicate that public reporting of Ct values could offer an important resource for epidemiological inference in low surveillance settings, enabling forecasts of impending incidence peaks in regions with limited case reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cara E Brook
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Barivola Bernardson
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Madagascar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rindra Randremanana
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Madagascar; Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Madagascar
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6
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Randremanana RV, Andriamandimby S, Rakotondramanga JM, Razanajatovo NH, Mangahasimbola RT, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Ranaivoson HC, Rabemananjara HA, Razanajatovo I, Razafindratsimandresy R, Rabarison JH, Brook CE, Rakotomanana F, Rabetombosoa RM, Razafimanjato H, Ahyong V, Raharinosy V, Raharimanga V, Raharinantoanina SJ, Randrianarisoa MM, Bernardson B, Randrianasolo L, Randriamampionona LBN, Tato CM, DeRisi JL, Dussart P, Vololoniaina MC, Randriatsarafara FM, Randriamanantany ZA, Heraud J. The COVID-19 epidemic in Madagascar: clinical description and laboratory results of the first wave, march-september 2020. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2021; 15:457-468. [PMID: 33586912 PMCID: PMC8013501 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following the first detection of SARS-CoV-2 in passengers arriving from Europe on 19 March 2020, Madagascar took several mitigation measures to limit the spread of the virus in the country. METHODS Nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs were collected from travellers to Madagascar, suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases and contact of confirmed cases. Swabs were tested at the national reference laboratory using real-time RT-PCR. Data collected from patients were entered in an electronic database for subsequent statistical analysis. All distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases were mapped, and six genomes of viruses were fully sequenced. RESULTS Overall, 26,415 individuals were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between 18 March and 18 September 2020, of whom 21.0% (5,553/26,145) returned positive. Among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, the median age was 39 years (IQR: 28-52), and 56.6% (3,311/5,553) were asymptomatic at the time of sampling. The probability of testing positive increased with age with the highest adjusted odds ratio of 2.2 [95% CI: 1.9-2.5] for individuals aged 49 years and more. Viral strains sequenced belong to clades 19A, 20A and 20B indicative of several independent introduction of viruses. CONCLUSIONS Our study describes the first wave of the COVID-19 in Madagascar. Despite early strategies in place Madagascar could not avoid the introduction and spread of the virus. More studies are needed to estimate the true burden of disease and make public health recommendations for a better preparation to another wave.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanjasoa Rakotomanana
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | | | | | | | | | - Vaomalala Raharimanga
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | | | | | - Barivola Bernardson
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | - Laurence Randrianasolo
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
| | | | | | | | - Jean‐Michel Heraud
- Virology UnitInstitut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar
- Present address:
Virology DepartmentInstitut Pasteur de DakarDakarSenegal
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7
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Rabemananjara HA, Raharinosy V, Razafimahefa RM, Ravalohery JP, Rafisandratantsoa JT, Andriamandimby SF, Rajerison M, Rahelinirina S, Harimanana A, Irinantenaina J, Olive MM, Rogier C, Tordo N, Ulrich RG, Reynes JM, Petres S, Heraud JM, Telfer S, Filippone C. Human Exposure to Hantaviruses Associated with Rodents of the Murinae Subfamily, Madagascar. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26:587-590. [PMID: 32091377 PMCID: PMC7045827 DOI: 10.3201/eid2603.190320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a national human serologic study of a hantavirus detected in Madagascar rodents using a commercial kit and a new ELISA targeting the virus. Our results suggest a conservative estimate of 2.7% (46/1,680) IgG seroprevalence. A second single-district study using the new ELISA revealed a higher prevalence (7.2%; 10/139).
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8
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Raharinosy V, Heraud JM, Rabemananjara HA, Telfer S, Rakoto DAD, Filippone C, Reynes JM. Fast, Sensitive and Specific Detection of Thailand orthohantavirus and its Variants Using One-Step Real-Time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay. Viruses 2019; 11:v11080718. [PMID: 31390747 PMCID: PMC6722858 DOI: 10.3390/v11080718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants of Thailand orthohantavirus (THAIV) have been recently reported from rodents in South-East Asia and in islands from the South-West part of the Indian Ocean. In order to detect THAIV and its variants, we developed a sensitive and specific real-time RT-PCR targeting the S segment. Our assay was developed in two different RT-PCR systems that gave similar results in terms of sensitivity. Moreover, our results demonstrated a specificity of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vololoniaina Raharinosy
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Ecole Doctorale Science de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean-Michel Heraud
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
- Ecole Doctorale Science de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
| | - Harinirina Aina Rabemananjara
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Ecole Doctorale Science de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Sandra Telfer
- Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto
- Ecole Doctorale Science de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Département de Biochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Claudia Filippone
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Ecole Doctorale Science de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean-Marc Reynes
- Unité de Biologie des Infections Virales Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, 69000 Lyon, France
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Raharinosy V, Olive MM, Andriamandimby S, Filippone C, Rakoto D, Telfer S, Heraud JM. Geographical distribution of hantavirus identified from small terrestrial mammals in Madagascar and evaluation of risk factors relating to the hantavirus infection. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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Raharinosy V, Olive MM, Andriamiarimanana FM, Andriamandimby SF, Ravalohery JP, Andriamamonjy S, Filippone C, Rakoto DAD, Telfer S, Heraud JM. Geographical distribution and relative risk of Anjozorobe virus (Thailand orthohantavirus) infection in black rats (Rattus rattus) in Madagascar. Virol J 2018; 15:83. [PMID: 29743115 PMCID: PMC5944027 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-0992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hantavirus infection is a zoonotic disease that is associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and cardiopulmonary syndrome in human. Anjozorobe virus, a representative virus of Thailand orthohantavirus (THAIV), was recently discovered from rodents in Anjozorobe-Angavo forest in Madagascar. To assess the circulation of hantavirus at the national level, we carried out a survey of small terrestrial mammals from representative regions of the island and identified environmental factors associated with hantavirus infection. As we were ultimately interested in the potential for human exposure, we focused our research in the peridomestic area. Methods Sampling was achieved in twenty districts of Madagascar, with a rural and urban zone in each district. Animals were trapped from a range of habitats and examined for hantavirus RNA by nested RT-PCR. We also investigated the relationship between hantavirus infection probability in rats and possible risk factors by using Generalized Linear Mixed Models. Results Overall, 1242 specimens from seven species were collected (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Suncus murinus, Setifer setosus, Tenrec ecaudatus, Hemicentetes semispinosus). Overall, 12.4% (111/897) of Rattus rattus and 1.6% (2/125) of Mus musculus were tested positive for THAIV. Rats captured within houses were less likely to be infected than rats captured in other habitats, whilst rats from sites characterized by high precipitation and relatively low seasonality were more likely to be infected than those from other areas. Older animals were more likely to be infected, with infection probability showing a strong increase with weight. Conclusions We report widespread distribution of THAIV in the peridomestic rats of Madagascar, with highest prevalence for those living in humid areas. Although the potential risk of infection to human may also be widespread, our results provide a first indication of specific zone with high transmission. Gathered data will be helpful to implement policies for control and prevention of human risk infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vololoniaina Raharinosy
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar.,Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de la Vie et de l'Environnement, Equipe Pathogènes et Diversité Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Marie-Marie Olive
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Soa Fy Andriamandimby
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean-Pierre Ravalohery
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Seta Andriamamonjy
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Claudia Filippone
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto
- Département de Biochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Sandra Telfer
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jean-Michel Heraud
- Virology Unit, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, Ambatofotsikely, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
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Meyer JM, Gruffaz C, Raharinosy V, Bezverbnaya I, Schäfer M, Budzikiewicz H. Siderotyping of fluorescent Pseudomonas: molecular mass determination by mass spectrometry as a powerful pyoverdine siderotyping method. Biometals 2007; 21:259-71. [PMID: 17846862 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-007-9115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The numerous pyoverdines so far characterized as siderophores of fluorescent Pseudomonas could be usually differentiated one from each others by the two physico-chemical and physiological methods of siderotyping, i.e., siderophore-isoelectrofocusing and siderophore-mediated iron uptake. As shown in the present paper, the structural diversity of the peptide chain characterizing these molecules results in a very large panel of molecular masses representing 64 different values ranging from 889 to 1,764 Da for the 68 compounds included in the study, with only a few structurally different compounds presenting an identical molecular mass. Thus, the molecular mass determination of pyoverdines through mass spectrometry could be used as a powerful siderotyping method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Meyer
- Département Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR 7156, CNRS/Université Louis-Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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