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Fu JY, Huang SJ, Wang BL, Yin JH, Chen CY, Xu JB, Chen YL, Xu S, Dong T, Zhou HN, Ma XY, Pu YP, Li H, Yang XJ, Xie LS, Wang ZJ, Luo Q, Shao YX, Ye L, Zong ZR, Wei XD, Xiao WW, Niu ST, Liu YM, Xu HP, Yu CQ, Duan SZ, Zheng LY. Lysine acetyltransferase 6A maintains CD4 + T cell response via epigenetic reprogramming of glucose metabolism in autoimmunity. Cell Metab 2024; 36:557-574.e10. [PMID: 38237601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Augmented CD4+ T cell response in autoimmunity is characterized by extensive metabolic reprogramming. However, the epigenetic molecule that drives the metabolic adaptation of CD4+ T cells remains largely unknown. Here, we show that lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A), an epigenetic modulator that is clinically associated with autoimmunity, orchestrates the metabolic reprogramming of glucose in CD4+ T cells. KAT6A is required for the proliferation and differentiation of proinflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets in vitro, and mice with KAT6A-deficient CD4+ T cells are less susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and colitis. Mechanistically, KAT6A orchestrates the abundance of histone acetylation at the chromatin where several glycolytic genes are located, thus affecting glucose metabolic reprogramming and subsequent CD4+ T cell responses. Treatment with KAT6A small-molecule inhibitors in mouse models shows high therapeutic value for targeting KAT6A in autoimmunity. Our study provides novel insights into the epigenetic programming of immunometabolism and suggests potential therapeutic targets for patients with autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yao Fu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shi-Jia Huang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Bao-Li Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jun-Hao Yin
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Chang-Yu Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jia-Bao Xu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yan-Lin Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ting Dong
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hao-Nan Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin-Yi Ma
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yi-Ping Pu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Yang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Li-Song Xie
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yan-Xiong Shao
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zi-Rui Zong
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin-Di Wei
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wan-Wen Xiao
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shu-Tong Niu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - He-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chuang-Qi Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Ling-Yan Zheng
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China.
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Zhang KK, Yang SY, Geng YD, Xiao WW, Peng HZ. [Evaluation of lower facial esthetics in females with different skeletal patterns]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 55:388-393. [PMID: 32486568 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20191130-00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate lower facial profile in females in different skeletal patterns. Methods: Investigation pictures of three females with beautiful lower facial profiles from Department of Orthodontics, Henan Stomatological Hospital were collected. The skeletal patterns of these females were classified as average, low and high angle, respectively.Upper lip process point (UL) was moved backwards horizontally to reach towards the E line and go even further gradually in above pictures. The distance changed according to E line was defined as DE value. If UL was in front of E line,DE value was denoted as positive, or else negative. Collectively, we obtained 30 pictures (10 pictures in each skeletal facial type) with different DE values (-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mm), which were divided into average, low and high angle group according to the skeletal facial type. The pictures were evaluated by 144 randomly-selected adult orthodontic patients [66 males, 78 females, aged (29.4±7.7) years] who visited Department of Orthodontics, Henan Stomatological Hospital from June to September, 2019 and 138 orthodontists (including qualified orthodontists and postgraduate orthodontic students [60 males, 78 females, aged (32.2±7.1) years] who participated orthodontics conferences in Henan Stomatological Hospital in June, 2019. The acceptance rate was calculated and rate above 60% was deemed as acceptable DE range. Evaluators were also asked to choose the most esthetic profiles for the best DE value in each skeletal facial type.Data discrepancy was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis and chi-square test. Results: Most accepted DE was -2 mm among total investigators including orthodonticpatients and orthodontists. There was no difference in total acceptance rate between orthodontists and patients (P>0.05). There was statistic difference in total acceptance rate in different skeletal patterns between orthodontic patients and orthodontists (P<0.05). In total investigators, total acceptance rate was 62.1% (1 752/2 820) in average angle group, 55.4%(1 563/2 820) in high angle group and 33.5%(946/2 820) in low angle group, respectively. Acceptable DE range in three facial types was -4~2 mm (average angle), -2~2 mm (high angle) and -2~-1 mm (low angle), respectively. Conclusions: According to the evaluation of both orthodontic patients and orthodontists, the best DE was-2 mm.Total acceptance rate and acceptable DE range ranked first in average angle group, second in high angle group and third in low angle group.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China(Yang Shengyan is now working on the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China)
| | - Y D Geng
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - W W Xiao
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - H Z Peng
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Wang XH, Zhou CJ, Zhang S, Wang QX, Xiao WW, Ding PR, Chen G, Pan ZZ, Zeng ZF, Gao YH. [Comparison of long-term efficacy between watch and wait strategy and total mesorectal excision in locally advanced rectal cancer patients with clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:266-273. [PMID: 32192306 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200224-00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare long-term efficacy between watch and wait (W&W) strategy and total mesorectal excision (TME) in patients who were diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and attained clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. A total of 238 patients with stage II-III LARC exhibiting cCR after nCRT in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from September 16, 2010 to January 9, 2018 were enrolled. Patients who were diagnosed with other malignant tumor within 5 years, did not receive regular follow-up in our center for more than 1 year and had no complete examination items after nCRT were excluded. Of 238 patients, 151 were male and 87 were female with a median age of 57 (27-83) years old. According to TNM stage, 61 cases were cII, 177 cases were cIII. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was performed in 20 patients. CCRT plus induction/consolidated chemotherapy was performed in 218 patients. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) was applied to radiotherapy. The median radiation dose was 50 Gy/25 Fr for both the primary tumor and clinical target volumes, and the total dose was 45.0 to 50.6 Gy for 227 patients. In 27 patients, single-agent fluorouracil or capecitabine was used as concurrent chemotherapy. But in the other 211 patients, a combined regimen of oxaliplatin and fluorouracil or capecitabine was used. After nCRT, 59 and 179 patients received W&W (W&W group) and TME 6-12 weeks later (TME group), respectively. After the ending of treatment, patient was interviewed one time every 3 months and after 3 years, one time every six months. Overall survival (OS) rate, distant-metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate, and local-recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rate were compared between two groups. The salvage treatment and sphincter preservation rate were analyzed. The survival curve was drawn with Kaplan-Meier method and evaluated by log-rank method. Results: In the cases treated with TME, the median interval from nCRT to surgery was 59 days. The postoperative pCR rate was 63.1%(113/179). The median follow-up time of the whole cohort was 41.8 (12.0-99.0) months. The 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 98.4% and 96.5%; the 3-year and 5-year LRFS rates were 96.5% and 96.5%; the 3- and 5-year DMFS rates were 91.0% and 87.9%, respectively. The 3-year OS rates in the W&W group and the TME group were 100% and 97.9%; the 5-year OS rates in W&W group and the TME group were 90.6% and 97.9% (P=0.339); The 3-year local recurrence rate (LRR) in the W&W group was 12.9% (7 cases recurred within 2 years), which was significanthy higher then that in the TME group (0.6%, P=0.003). Salvage surgery was successful in 5/6 cases. After salvage surgery, LRFS rate was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.137). The 3-year DMFS rate in the W&W group and the TME group were 88.4% and 81.1%, whose difference was not significant (P=0.593). Recurrence with simultaneous metastasis was seen in 3/7 cases of the W&W group. The sphincter was preserved in 89.8% (53/59) of patients in the W&W group, which was significantly higher than 73.7% (132/179) in the TME group (P<0.001). When distance of tumor from the anal verge was ≤ 5 cm, the sphincter preservation rate (SPR) in the W&W group was 88.0% (44/50), which was significantly higher than the 54.4% (56/103) in the TME group (P<0.001). Conclusions: W&W is safe and feasible for patients with LARC and cCR after nCRT. The results should be verified by further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - C J Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Q X Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - W W Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - P R Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z Z Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z F Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y H Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Osho SO, Xiao WW, Adeola O. Response of broiler chickens to dietary soybean bioactive peptide and coccidia challenge. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5669-5678. [PMID: 31247645 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, jejunal morphology, plasma cytokine, and gene expression responses of broiler chickens (Cobb 500) to graded concentrations of dietary soybean bioactive peptide (SBP) and coccidia challenge (CC) were investigated in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, 384 male broiler chicks were used to investigate the effect of graded dietary concentrations of SBP on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology in a randomized complete block design with 8 replicate cages and 6 diets. Corn-soybean meal-based diet was supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g of SBP/kg of diet. There were linear effects (P < 0.05) of graded concentrations of SBP on BW, BW gain, gain:feed, ileal villus height, and jejunal crypt depth at day 22 post hatching. There were linear effects (P < 0.01) of graded SBP concentrations on Ileal DM and energy digestibility. Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the immune-protective properties of SBP on broiler chickens during a coccidia challenge. A total of 256 male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 8 replicate cages in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 SBP levels (0 or 4 g/kg of diet) and with or without CC. On day 14 post hatching, birds in the challenged group received 20×, which is twice the recommended coccidia vaccine dose of 25 doses/kg BW, whereas the non-challenged group received physiological saline. Dietary SBP ameliorated the CC-induced effect (P = 0.01) on gain: feed. Coccidia challenge reduced (P < 0.05) jejunal villi height, whereas dietary SBP supplementation increased (P < 0.05) jejunal villi height. Dietary SBP attenuated the CC-induced effects (P < 0.05) on the expression of plasma IL-1β, transforming growth factor-β, claudin-1, and occludin genes. In conclusion, dietary SBP improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and jejunal morphology. In addition, dietary SBP reduced the impact of coccidia challenge, and may be beneficial in the feed of broiler chickens for alleviation of health-related effects of coccidia infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Osho
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - W W Xiao
- Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co. Ltd., Industrial Park, Chengdu, Sichuan 610300, China
| | - O Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Xiao WW, Evans TE, Tynan GR, Yoon SW, Jeon YM, Ko WH, Nam YU, Oh YK. Propagation Dynamics Associated with Resonant Magnetic Perturbation Fields in High-Confinement Mode Plasmas inside the KSTAR Tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:205001. [PMID: 29219375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The propagation dynamics of resonant magnetic perturbation fields in KSTAR H-mode plasmas with injection of small edge perturbations produced by a supersonic molecular beam injection is reported for the first time. The results show that the perturbation field first excites a plasma response on the q=3 magnetic surface and then propagates inward to the q=2 surface with a radially averaged propagation velocity of resonant magnetic perturbations field equal to 32.5 m/ s. As a result, the perturbation field brakes the toroidal rotation on the q=3 surface first causing a momentum transport perturbation that propagates both inward and outward. A higher density fluctuation level is observed. The propagation velocity of the resonant magnetic perturbations field is larger than the radial propagation velocity of the perturbation in the toroidal rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Xiao
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - T E Evans
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - G R Tynan
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S W Yoon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y M Jeon
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - W H Ko
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y U Nam
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
| | - Y K Oh
- National Fusion Research Institute, Gwahango, 113, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
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Xu HY, Yu XP, Feng R, Hu HJ, Xiao WW. [Analysis of clinical prognosis and the correlation between bile duct injury after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and the level of hepatic arterial embolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2017; 39:355-360. [PMID: 28535652 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between bile duct injury after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and the level of hepatic arterial embolization, and to analyze the clinical prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Methods: From January18, 2012 to December18, 2014, 21 patients underwent TACE for HCC were retrospectively reviewed, including patients' clinical and pathological data. The clinical outcome and relevant factors for bile duct injury were analyzed. Results: A total of 21 patients were identified with bile duct injury at our single institution. All patients received 48 TACE treatments, including proper hepatic artery (14), left hepatic artery (3), the right hepatic artery (10), left and right hepatic artery (9) and tumor artery branches (12). Thirty-five bile duct injury occurred in 21 patients: 7 cases was close to the tumor, 2 distant to the tumor, 7 at right liver, 2 left liver, 11 both lobes of liver and 6 hepatic hilar. After medical conservative treatment and biliary tract inside and outside drainage, liver function of 10 cases were improved. In four patients with hepatic bile duct stricture and biloma, the effect of drainage was not obvious, which subsequently caused biliary complications such as infection, gallbladder and common bile duct stones. Three patients with liver cirrhosis at decompensation stage developed complications, and one of them died of hepatic encephalopathy. Four patients experienced tumor recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The location of bile duct injury after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is quite consistent with the level of hepatic arterial embolization. There may be some blood vessels mainly involved in blood supply of biliary duct. Complete embolism of these vessels may lead to bile duct injuries. Biliary drainage is ineffective in patients with hilar bile duct stricture, and can lead to complications of biliary tract later on.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Xu
- Department of Radiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - X P Yu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - R Feng
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou Sixth People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - H J Hu
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - W W Xiao
- Department of Radiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
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Miki K, Diamond PH, Hahn SH, Xiao WW, Gürcan ÖD, Tynan GR. Physics of stimulated L→H transitions. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:195002. [PMID: 23705712 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.195002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on model studies of stimulated L→H transitions. These studies use a novel reduced mesoscale model. Studies reveal that L→H transitions can be triggered by particle injection into a subcritical state (i.e., P<P(Thresh)). Particle injection alters the edge mean flow shear via changes of density and temperature gradients. The change of edge mean flow shear is critical to turbulence collapse and the subsequent stimulated transition. For low ambient heating, strong injection is predicted to trigger a transient turbulence collapse. We predict that repetitive injection can maintain the turbulence collapse and so sustain a driven H-mode-like state. The total number of particles required to induce a transition by either injection or gas puffing is estimated. Results indicate that the total number of injected particles required is much smaller than that required for inducing a transition by gas puffing. Thus, we show that internal injection is more efficient than gas puffing of comparable strength. We also observe that zonal flows do not play a critical role in stimulated transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miki
- WCI Center for Fusion Theory, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
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Zhong WL, Shi ZB, Zou XL, Ding XT, Huang XL, Dong YB, Liu ZT, Xiao WW, Ji XQ, Cui ZY, Liu Y, Yan LW, Yang QW, Duan XR. Time-frequency analysis for microwave reflectometry data processing in the HL-2A tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:103508. [PMID: 22047295 DOI: 10.1063/1.3657157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Choi-Williams distribution (CWD) technique is introduced as a time-frequency tool for processing data measured from the new developed homodyne and the fixed frequency reflectometry in the HL-2A tokamak. The comparison between spectrogram and CWD for the simulated signal is presented. It indicates that the CWD can greatly improve the representation of the time-frequency content of the multi-components signal. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through two applications in HL-2A, which are the extraction of beat frequencies from the frequency modulated-continuous wave reflectometry (FM-CW) and the characterizing of the fluctuations. The density profile inversed from the group delay of the FM-CW and the density fluctuations deduced from the fixed-frequency reflectometry would be more reliable and accurate by using the CWD technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Zhong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Shi ZB, Dong YB, Sun HJ, Sun AP, Li YG, Xia ZW, Li W, Ding XT, Xiao WW, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Rao J, Liu ZT, Yang QW, Duan XR. Observation of turbulence suppression after electron-cyclotron-resonance-heating switch-off on the HL-2A tokamak. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:016403. [PMID: 21867318 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a transient internal transport barrier (ITB) is observed after the electron-cyclotron-resonance-heating (ECRH) switch-off in the HL-2A plasmas, characterized by transient increase of central electron temperature. The newly developed correlation reflectometer provided direct measurements showing reduction of turbulence in the region of steepened gradients for the period of ITB formation triggered by the ECRH switch-off. Furthermore, the reduction of core turbulence is correlated in time with the appearance of a low-frequency mode with a spectrally broad poloidal structure that peaks near zero frequency in the core region. These structures have low poloidal mode number, high poloidal correlation, and short radial correlation and are strongly coupled with high-frequency ambient turbulence. Observation indicates that these structures play important roles in the reduction of the core turbulence and in improvements of the core transport after the off-axis ECRH is turned off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Xiao WW, Zou XL, Ding XT, Yao LH, Feng BB, Song XM, Song SD, Zhou Y, Liu ZT, Yuan BS, Sun HJ, Ji XQ, Gao YD, Li YG, Yan LW, Yang QW, Liu Y, Dong JQ, Duan XR, Liu Y, Pan CH. Observation of a spontaneous particle-transport barrier in the HL-2A tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:215001. [PMID: 20867107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.215001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Using the profile analysis, the density perturbation transport analysis, and the Doppler reflectometry measurement, for the first time a spontaneous and steady-state particle-transport barrier has been evidenced in the Ohmic plasmas in the HL-2A tokamak with no externally applied momentum or particle input except the gas puffing. A threshold in density has been found for the observation of the barrier. The particle diffusivity is well-like, and the convection is found to be inward outside the well and outward inside the well. The formation of the barrier coincides with the transition between the trapped electron mode and the ion temperature gradient driven mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Xiao
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu, China
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11
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Xiao WW, Zou XL, Ding XT, Dong JQ, Yao LH, Song SD, Liu ZT, Gao YD, Feng BB, Song XM, Yang QW, Yan LW, Liu Y, Duan XR, Pan CH, Liu Y. A method of particle transport study using supersonic molecular beam injection and microwave reflectometry on HL-2A tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:013506. [PMID: 20113099 DOI: 10.1063/1.3274201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A method of the particle transport study using supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) and microwave reflectometry is reported in this paper. Experimental results confirm that pulsed SMBI is a good perturbation source with deeper penetration and better localization than the standard gas puffing. The local density modulation is induced using the pulsed SMBI and the perturbation density is measured by the microwave reflectometry. Using Fourier transform analysis for the local density perturbation, radial profiles of the amplitude and phase of the density modulation can be obtained. The experimental results in HL-2A show that the particle injected by SMBI is located at about r/a=0.65-0.75. The position of the main particle source can be determined through three aspects: the minimum of the phase of the first harmonic of the Fourier transform of the modulated density measured by microwave reflectometry; the H(a) intensity profile and the local density increase ratio. The maximum of the amplitude of the first harmonic shifts often inward relative to the particle source location, which indicates clearly there is an inward particle pinch in this area. Good agreement has been found between the experimental results and the simulation using analytical transport model. The particle diffusivity D and the particle convection velocity V have been obtained by doing this simulation. The sensitivity in the transport coefficients of the amplitude and the phase of the density modulation has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Xiao
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Li WP, Fu SG, Wu GZ, Hu XH, Wu ZH, Xiao WW, Fang LA. Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on ovarian follicle development in the rabbit. J TRADIT CHIN MED 1988; 8:147-50. [PMID: 3412014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Xiao WW, Wu ZH, Xu SF. [Effects of thyroxine on plasma luteinizing hormone levels and pituitary responsiveness to LHRHa in male castrated rats]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 1988; 40:98-103. [PMID: 3291134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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14
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Wu ZH, Xu SF, Fang L, Xiao WW, Sun Z, Xin H. [Inhibition of ovulation by thioproline in immature mice]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1987; 8:453-6. [PMID: 3450182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Xiao WW. [Prevention of superimposed preeclampsia in chronic hypertension]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1987; 22:202-5, 252. [PMID: 3311652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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