Psoriatic Presentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a potentially life-threatening single-stranded RNA lentivirus that attacks the body's immune system by infecting CD4 T lymphocytes. If untreated, HIV infection can progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).1.2 With the US prevalence of around 12.6 per 100,000 individuals, HIV positivity remains undiagnosed among much of the population.3 The most common presentation of HIV includes flu-like manifestations, such as fever, malaise, diarrhea, weight loss, headache, and muscle aches; however, it is also known to present as other diseases, including psoriasis.1.

WITHDRAWN: Eczema knowledge gaps: Patching things up

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.025. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal.

Pathogenesis of annular lesions: Why a ring presentation?

Annular lesions represent a distinct morphology which characterizes many well-known dermatologic conditions. Little is definitively known regarding the pathogenesis of annular lesions, however there a few well-regarded hypotheses. Lesions that clear centrally while enlarging peripherally may result from a local central tissue anergy, or tolerance. The central area in lesions due to dermatophyte infections or subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous may have a central immunity to the antigen that trigged the lesion. The peripheral spread of inflammatory mediators may also contribute to lesions that expand centrifugally. In a highly active immune response, some of the inflammatory mediators may spread to adjacent tissue, which can propagate the inflammatory reaction. The additional hypotheses regarding pathogenesis are disease specific with individual mechanisms having been proposed. This chapter will describe both general and disease specific mechanisms that may contribute to the formation of annular lesions.

Acne scarring-pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and education - Part 1

Acne scarring is common and can occur despite effective acne management. Acne scarring patients suffer from significant psychosocial morbidity including depression and suicidality. Despite availability and advancement of therapeutic modalities, treatment for acne scarring is uncommon and often overlooked in the acne patient encounter. The utilization of acne scarring assessment tools and identification of specific acne scar subtypes allow for a tailored therapeutic approach. Part I of this continuing medical education series covers the pathophysiology and morphology of textural and pigmented acne scars, scarring assessment tools and medical treatment options. The principles reviewed will aid in the approach and initiation of acne scar treatment in the outpatient setting.

Acquired Lymphangiectasia in the Setting of a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

A 53-year-old woman presented for a skin cancer screening and was found to have scattered violaceous papulovesicles on the right buttock and right lower aspect of the abdomen. These lesions had been increasing in number for 3 years. The patient denied pain or pruritis at the site of lesions and denied any systemic fi ndings.

Procedural and surgical treatment modalities for acne scarring - Part 2

The optimal treatment of acne scarring is challenging because it involves consideration of several factors, including the type and number of scars, Fitzpatrick skin type, and the amount of downtime permissible to the patient. The second article in this CME series discusses the procedural treatments available for acne scarring, including the use of chemical peels, fillers, radiofrequency microneedling, lasers and surgical procedures. The indications for each modality, evidence for its benefits, and the adverse effects are discussed. This section aims to help guide the reader to select and implement the most appropriate treatment based on the patient's preferences, acne scar and skin type.

Demodex Folliculitis and Recent Dupilumab Administration

Two adolescent boys presented with acute acneiform eruptions in the setting of recent dupilumab administration. Subsequent investigation via direct scraping of pustules revealed live Demodex mite colonization of the face. These adolescent patients represent a population not commonly associated with Demodex folliculitis, and we theorize their baseline commensal Demodex mite population may have increased as a consequence of dupilumab-induced, focused immunomodulation. We recommend that pediatricians consider Demodex potentially etiologic in patients presenting with new onset acneiform or rosacea-like dermatoses in patients treated with dupilumab.