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Kim H, Jeon YD, Park KB, Cha H, Kim MS, You J, Lee SW, Shin SH, Chung YG, Kang SB, Jang WS, Yoon DK. Automatic segmentation of inconstant fractured fragments for tibia/fibula from CT images using deep learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20431. [PMID: 37993627 PMCID: PMC10665312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthopaedic surgeons need to correctly identify bone fragments using 2D/3D CT images before trauma surgery. Advances in deep learning technology provide good insights into trauma surgery over manual diagnosis. This study demonstrates the application of the DeepLab v3+ -based deep learning model for the automatic segmentation of fragments of the fractured tibia and fibula from CT images and the results of the evaluation of the performance of the automatic segmentation. The deep learning model, which was trained using over 11 million images, showed good performance with a global accuracy of 98.92%, a weighted intersection over the union of 0.9841, and a mean boundary F1 score of 0.8921. Moreover, deep learning performed 5-8 times faster than the experts' recognition performed manually, which is comparatively inefficient, with almost the same significance. This study will play an important role in preoperative surgical planning for trauma surgery with convenience and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjoo Kim
- Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Dae Jeon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bong Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Cha
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Sub Kim
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon You
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Won Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital,, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Han Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Guk Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bin Kang
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Kun Yoon
- Industrial R&D Center, KAVILAB Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kang J, Han K, Song I, Kim KS, Jang WS, Kim MJ, Yoo Y. Real-Time Ultrasound Detection of Breast Microcalcifications Using Multifocus Twinkling Artifact Imaging. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2022; 41:1300-1308. [PMID: 34928792 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2021.3136901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Detecting microcalcifications (MCs) in real time is important in the guidance of many breast biopsies. Due to its capability in visualizing biopsy needles without radiation hazards, ultrasound imaging is preferred over X-ray mammography, but it suffers from low sensitivity in detecting MCs. Here, we present a new nonionizing method based on real-time multifocus twinkling artifact (MF-TA) imaging for reliably detecting MCs. Our approach exploits time-varying TAs arising from acoustic random scattering on MCs with rough or irregular surfaces. To obtain the increased intensity of the TAs from MCs, in MF-TA, acoustic transmit parameters, such as the transmit frequency, the number of focuses and f-number, were optimized by investigating acoustical characteristics of MCs. A real-time MF-TA imaging sequence was developed and implemented on a programmable ultrasound research system, and it was controlled with a graphical user interface during real-time scanning. From an in-house 3D phantom and ex vivo breast specimen studies, the MF-TA method showed outstanding visibility and high-sensitivity detection for MCs regardless of their distribution or the background tissue. These results demonstrated that this nonionizing, noninvasive imaging technique has the potential to be one of effective image-guidance methods for breast biopsy procedures.
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Jung SH, Kim K, Jang WS, Jeong HK, Kwon BJ, Kuh SU, You SH, Choi HJ, Kim KB. Development of a direction-sensitive gamma-ray monitoring system using a gamma camera with a dual-sided collimator: A Monte Carlo study. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 178:109937. [PMID: 34536832 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear explosions, sabotage, and dirty bomb materials are considered a security threat. This paper discusses the development of a gamma-ray monitoring system that enables the screening of nuclear materials moving simultaneously on both sides of the system at ports. This direction-sensitive gamma-ray monitoring (DSGM) system consists of a monolithic plastic scintillator surrounded by 28 photomultiplier tubes and dual-sided parallel-hole lead collimators. With Monte Carlo simulation, the monitoring performance of the DSGM system was assessed for static and moving sources. A multilayer perceptron model was employed to estimate the energy-deposited position of the gamma-rays emitted by nuclear materials in the scintillator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ho Jung
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyo Jeong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Kwon
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Uk Kuh
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hwan You
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu Bom Kim
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ko S, Jang WS, Jeong JH, Ahn JW, Kim YH, Kim S, Chae HK, Chung S. (-)-Gallocatechin gallate from green tea rescues cognitive impairment through restoring hippocampal silent synapses in post-menopausal depression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:910. [PMID: 33441611 PMCID: PMC7806886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79287-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-menopausal depression (PMD) is a common psychological disorder accompanied by a cognitive deficit, which is caused by a series of uncontrolled emotional disruptions by strong environmental stressors during menopause. To overcome PMD-induced cognitive deficit, Green tea has been suggested as a dietary supplement because of its ameliorating effect on cognitive dysfunction induced by normal aging or neurodegenerative syndromes; however, its clinical use to improve PMD-accompanied cognitive deficit is still limited due to the controversy for the active ingredients and ambiguous mechanism of its action. Here, we developed modified high-temperature-processed green tea extract (HTP-GTE), which showed lower neuronal toxicity than the conventional green tea extract (GTE). We also demonstrated that HTP-GTE administration prevented the development of learned helplessness (LH) in a rat post-menopausal model. Additionally, HTP-GTE improved LH-induced cognitive impairments simultaneously with rescued the long-term synaptic plasticity. This occurred via the restoration of silent synapse formation by increasing the hippocampal BDNF-tyrosine receptor kinase B pathway in the helpless ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Likewise, we also identified that (-)-gallocatechin gallate was the main contributor of the HTP-GTE effect. Our findings suggested that HTP-GTE has a potential as a preventive nutritional supplement to ameliorate cognitive dysfunctions associated with PMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukjin Ko
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jeong
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Ahn
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Kim
- BnH Research Co., LTD., Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10594 Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Kyeong Chae
- BnH Research Co., LTD., Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10594 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsoo Chung
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
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Kang J, Han K, Kim KS, Jang WS, Kim MJ, Yoo Y. 3D microcalcification detection using a color Doppler twinkling artifact with optimized transmit conditions: Preliminary results. Med Phys 2020; 47:6171-6178. [PMID: 32563207 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mammography is the only method that has been proven to detect breast microcalcifications (MCs), but the sensitivity of mammography varies according to breast density. This paper proposes an ultrasound (US) color Doppler twinkling artifact (CDTA) method with optimized transmit conditions to identify breast MCs without ionizing radiation. METHODS The transmit conditions for US color Doppler imaging (CDI) were optimized to enhance the sensitivity of the twinkling artifact (TA) that arises from random scattering on rough surfaces of breast MCs. To validate the proposed breast MC detection method, a chicken breast phantom with MC particles (groups of particles <400 μ m and <240 μ m ) was fabricated and scanned by a digital mammography system and an US research platform by an L11-5v linear array probe with a three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking system. RESULTS From the phantom experiment, the proposed 3D CDTA imaging method with optimized transmit conditions (i.e., a center frequency of 5.0 MHz, an f-number of 1.3, and a peak negative pressure of 1.83 MPa) successfully detected all 16 MC particles, comparable to detection with mammography. For a human breast surgical specimen in the ex vivo study, all 10 MC clusters, marked by a radiologist on the mammogram, were identified with the proposed 3D CDTA imaging method. CONCLUSIONS In the phantom and ex vivo breast specimen studies, the proposed 3D CDTA imaging method successfully detected MCs, and the spatial localization was highly correlated with the mammogram results. These results indicate that the proposed 3D CDTA imaging method has great potential for the detection of MCs without ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbum Kang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Kanghee Han
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Kang-Sik Kim
- Department of Health & Medical Equipment, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon, 16678, Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yangmo Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
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Kang J, Jang WS, Yoo Y. High PRF ultrafast sliding compound doppler imaging: fully qualitative and quantitative analysis of blood flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 63:045004. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaa7a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jang WS, Yoon CY, Kim MS, Kang DH, Kang YJ, Jeong WS, Abalajon MJ, Ham WS, Choi YD. The prognostic role of tertiary Gleason pattern 5 in a contemporary grading system for prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2016; 20:93-98. [DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2016.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Park BE, Jang WS, Yoo SK. Texture Analysis of Supraspinatus Ultrasound Image for Computer Aided Diagnostic System. Healthc Inform Res 2016; 22:299-304. [PMID: 27895962 PMCID: PMC5116542 DOI: 10.4258/hir.2016.22.4.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for recognizing a rotator cuff supraspinatus tendon tear using a texture analysis based on a histogram, gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and gray level run length matrix (GLRLM). Methods First, we applied a total of 57 features (5 first order descriptors, 40 GLCM features, and 12 GLRLM features) to each rotator cuff region of interest. Our results show that first order statistics (mean, skewness, entropy, energy, smoothness), GLCM (correlation, contrast, energy, entropy, difference entropy, homogeneity, maximum probability, sum average, sum entropy), and GLRLM features are helpful to distinguish a normal supraspinatus tendon and an abnormal supraspinatus tendon. The statistical significance of these features is verified using a t-test. The support vector machine classification showed accuracy using feature combinations. Support Vector Machine offers good performance with a small amount of training data. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy are used to evaluate performance of a classification test. Results From the results, first order statics features and GLCM and GLRLM features afford 95%, 85%, and 100% accuracy, respectively. First order statistics and GLCM and GLRLM features in combination provided 100% accuracy. Combinations that include GLRLM features had high accuracy. GLRLM features were confirmed as highly accurate features for classified normal and abnormal. Conclusions This algorithm will be helpful to diagnose supraspinatus tendon tear on ultrasound images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Eun Park
- Grauduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University and Clinical Trials Center for Medical Devices, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Kook Yoo
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Son T, Yoon HJ, Lee S, Jang WS, Jung B, Kim WU. Continuous monitoring of arthritis in animal models using optical imaging modalities. J Biomed Opt 2014; 19:106010. [PMID: 25341070 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.10.106010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the several difficulties associated with histology, including difficulty in continuous monitoring, this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of optical imaging modalities—cross-polarization color (CPC) imaging, erythema index (EI) imaging, and laser speckle contrast (LSC) imaging—for continuous evaluation and monitoring of arthritis in animal models. C57BL/6 mice, used for the evaluation of arthritis, were divided into three groups: arthritic mice group (AMG), positive control mice group (PCMG), and negative control mice group (NCMG). Complete Freund’s adjuvant, mineral oil, and saline were injected into the footpad for AMG, PCMG, and NCMG, respectively. LSC and CPC images were acquired from 0 through 144 h after injection for all groups. EI images were calculated from CPC images. Variations in feet area, EI, and speckle index for each mice group over time were calculated for quantitative evaluation of arthritis. Histological examinations were performed, and the results were found to be consistent with those from optical imaging analysis. Thus, optical imaging modalities may be successfully applied for continuous evaluation and monitoring of arthritis in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoon Son
- Yonsei University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Yoon
- Catholic University of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Immunobiology, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Saseong Lee
- Catholic University of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Immunobiology, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seuk Jang
- Yonsei University, Department of Radiological Science, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjo Jung
- Yonsei University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Catholic University of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Immunobiology, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701 Republic of KoreadCatholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Divisi
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Park KY, Jang WS, Yang GW, Rho YH, Kim BJ, Mun SK, Kim CW, Kim MN. A pilot study of silver-loaded cellulose fabric with incorporated seaweed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012; 37:512-5. [PMID: 22439868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2011.04273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Because clothing has the longest and most direct contact with human skin, it is important to carefully choose suitable fabrics for atopic patients who have disrupted skin. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and biophysical properties of a newly developed silver-loaded cellulose fabric with incorporated seaweed, we enrolled 12 subjects with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis into a clinical control study. The subjects wore a two-piece garment (top and leggings), each piece of which was divided into two parts: one side was made of SkinDoctor(®) fabric, and the other of 100% cotton. Treatment efficacy was measured with the modified SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (mSCORAD) index, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and the patients' subjective impressions. All three of these measures had significantly better scores on the side covered with SkinDoctor. These results suggest that SkinDoctor is a beneficial fabric that can improve the comfort of patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee JW, Jang WS, Han TY, Li K, Seo SJ, Hong CK. Disseminated erythematous papules in a healthy 73-year-old woman. Clin Exp Dermatol 2011; 36:318-9. [PMID: 21418273 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2010.03905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee YS, Yun EK, Jang WS, Kim I, Lee JH, Park SY, Ryu KS, Seo SJ, Kim CH, Lee IH. Purification, cDNA cloning and expression of an insect defensin from the great wax moth, Galleria mellonella. Insect Mol Biol 2004; 13:65-72. [PMID: 14728668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2004.00462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An insect defensin, named Galleria defensin, was purified from the larval haemolymph of Galleria mellonella immunized against E. coli. The peptide was composed of forty-three amino acid residues containing six cysteines that might be engaged in intramolecular disulphide bridges. The primary structure of Galleria defensin shared about 90.7% identity to that of heliomicin, which was an insect defensin isolated from Heliothis virescens. The full-length cDNA encoding Galleria defensin was cloned from the fat body of the immunized G. mellonella larvae. Northern blot analysis revealed that Galleria defensin was expressed not only in the fat body but also in the midgut against invading bacteria into haemocoel. This is the first report presenting cDNA and expression of an insect defensin in the lepidopteran species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hoseo University, South Korea
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