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Dai HY, Zhang ZX, Tan C, Xian X, Ji D, Yang J, Sun J, Yao H. Propionic acid ameliorates cognitive function through immunomodulatory effects on Th17 cells in perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28817. [PMID: 38699705 PMCID: PMC11063405 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Elderly patients undergoing surgery are prone to cognitive decline known as perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). Several studies have shown that the microglial activation and the decrease of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in gut induced by surgery may be related to the pathogenesis of PND. The purpose of this study was to determine whether microglia and short-chain fatty acids were involved in cognitive dysfunction in aged rats. Methods Male wild-type Wistar rats aged 11-12 months were randomly divided into control group (Ctrl: Veh group), propionic acid group (Ctrl: PA group), exploratory laparotomy group (LP: Veh group) and propionic acid + exploratory laparotomy group (LP: PA group) according to whether exploratory laparotomy (LP) or PA pretreatment for 21 days was performed. The motor ability of the rats was evaluated by open field test on postoperative day 3 (POD3), and then the cognitive function was evaluated by Y-maze test and fear conditioning test. The expression of IL-1β, IL-6, RORγt and IL-17A mRNA in hippocampus was detected by RT-qPCR, the expression of IL-17A and IL-17RA in hippocampus was detected by Western blot, and the activation of microglia was detected by immunofluorescence. Results The PND rat model was successfully established by laparotomy. Compared with Ctrl: Veh group, the body weight of LP: Veh group decreased, the percentage of spontaneous alternations in Y maze decreased (P < 0.001), and the percentage of freezing time in contextual fear test decreased (P < 0.001). Surgery triggers neuroinflammation, manifested as the elevated levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001), the increased expression of the transcription factor RORγt (P = 0.0181, POD1; P = 0.0073, POD5)and major inflammatory cytokines IL-17A (P = 0.0215, POD1; P = 0.0071, POD5), and the increased average fluorescence intensity of Iba1 (P < 0.001, POD1; P < 0.001, POD5). After PA preconditioning, the recovery of rats in LP: PA group was faster than that in LP: Veh group as the body weight lost on POD1 (P = 0.0148) was close to the baseline level on POD5 (P = 0.1846), and they performed better in behavioral tests. The levels of IL-1β (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P = 0.0035) inflammatory factors in hippocampus decreased on POD1 and the average fluorescence intensity of Iba1 decreased (P = 0.0024, POD1; P < 0.001, POD5), representing the neuroinflammation was significantly improved. Besides, the levels of RORγt mRNA (P = 0.0231, POD1; P = 0.0251, POD5) and IL-17A mRNA (P = 0.0208, POD1; P = 0.0071, POD5) in hippocampus as well as the expression of IL-17A (P = 0.0057, POD1; P < 0.001, POD5) and IL-17RA (P = 0.0388) decreased. Conclusion PA pretreatment results in reduced postoperative neuroinflammation and improved cognitive function, potentially attributed to the regulatory effects of PA on Th17-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-yu Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Pain Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ze-xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Pain Management, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Zhang J, Xian X, Hao P, Zhai Y, Cheng J, Yue F, Luan F, Ma M, Ren Q. Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell lines HMSCASTi001-A from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a 35-year-old healthy male. Stem Cell Res 2022; 64:102908. [PMID: 36113356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from a 35-year-old healthy male were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The iPSCs maintained a normal karyotype, expressed various pluripotency stem cell markers, and showed potential of differentiating into three germ layers. This iPSCs could be differentiated into multiple cell subtypes for drug discovery and investigation of mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchi Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Jingrui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Xian Xian
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Yingtong Zhai
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Jingke Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Fengming Yue
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Department of Anatomy and Organ Technology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Feng Luan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
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Hao P, Zhang J, Fang S, Jia M, Xian X, Yan S, Wang Y, Ren Q, Yue F, Cui H. Lipocalin-2 inhibits pancreatic cancer stemness via the AKT/c-Jun pathway. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1475-1486. [PMID: 35792978 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in cancer recurrence and metastasis owing to their self-renewal properties and drug-resistance capacity. Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) of the lipocalin superfamily is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, reports on the involvement of Lcn2 in the regulation of pancreatic CSC properties are scant. This study is purposed to investigate whether Lcn2 plays a crucial role in CSC renewal and stemness maintenance in pancreatic carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry results of tumor tissue chips together with Gene Expression Omnibus sequencing files confirmed that Lcn2 is highly expressed in pancreatic carcinoma compared with that in normal tissues. The exogenous expression of Lcn2 attenuated CSC-associated SOX2, CD44, and EpCAM expression and suppressed sarcosphere formation and tumorigenesis in the pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1, which showed low expression of Lcn2. However, Lcn2 knockout in BxPC-3 cell line, which presented high Lcn2 expression, promoted CSC stemness, further enhancing sarcosphere formation and tumorigenesis. Moreover, Lcn2 was found to regulate stemness in pancreatic cancer depending on the activation of AKT and c-Jun. Lcn2 suppresses stemness properties in pancreatic carcinoma by activating the AKT-c-Jun pathway, and thus, it may be a novel candidate to suppress the stemness of pancreatic cancer. This study provides a new insight into disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shu Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Miaomiao Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xian Xian
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sinan Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fengming Yue
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-0312, Japan.
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Yao Y, Lu C, Chen J, Sun J, Zhou C, Tan C, Xian X, Tong J, Yao H. Increased Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Hippocampus in Rats With Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:894720. [PMID: 35720716 PMCID: PMC9201098 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.894720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) has been identified as a frequent complication of sepsis, featured by an aberrant level of cognitive and affective functions. The present study is designed to explore the changes in functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampus in rats with SAE utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).MethodsSprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the SAE and control groups. We acquired rs-fMRI data using a 7T MRI to evaluate hippocampal network functional differences between the two groups with a seed-based approach. Behavioral performance was assessed using the open field test and forced swimming test. Statistical analysis was undertaken to evaluate the correlation between the hippocampal FC and behavioral findings.ResultsCompared with the control group, the SAE group showed increased FC between the bilateral hippocampus and thalamus, septum, bed nuclei stria terminalis (BNST), left primary forelimb somatosensory cortex (S1FL), primary motor cortex (M1), and inferior colliculus. Increased FC between the left hippocampus and thalamus, septum, BNST, left S1FL, and inferior colliculus was observed. While with the right hippocampus, FC in thalamus, septum, left S1FL and inferior colliculus was enhanced. Additionally, positive correlations were found between the hippocampal FC and the immobility time in the forced swimming test.ConclusionHippocampus-related brain networks have significant alterations in rats with SAE, and the elevated hippocampal resting-state FC was positively related to affective deficits. Changes in FC between the hippocampus and other brain regions could be a potential neuroimaging biomarker of cognitive or mental disorders triggered by SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yao
- Cardiovascular Surgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunqiang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuihua Zhou
- Cardiovascular Surgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Cardiovascular Surgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Xian
- Cardiovascular Surgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhua Tong,
| | - Hao Yao
- Cardiovascular Surgery Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Hao Yao,
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Xian X, Cai LL, Li Y, Wang RC, Xu YH, Chen YJ, Xie YH, Zhu XL, Li YF. Neuron secrete exosomes containing miR-9-5p to promote polarization of M1 microglia in depression. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:122. [PMID: 35264203 PMCID: PMC8905830 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation is an important component mechanism in the development of depression. Exosomal transfer of MDD-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) from neurons to microglia might exacerbate neuronal cell inflammatory injury. Results By sequence identification, we found significantly higher miR-9-5p expression levels in serum exosomes from MDD patients than healthy control (HC) subjects. Then, in cultured cell model, we observed that BV2 microglial cells internalized PC12 neuron cell-derived exosomes while successfully transferring miR-9-5p. MiR-9-5p promoted M1 polarization in microglia and led to over releasing of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which exacerbated neurological damage. Furthermore, we identified suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) as a direct target of miR-9-5p. Overexpression of miR-9-5p suppressed SOCS2 expression and reactivated SOCS2-repressed Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways. Consistently, we confirmed that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of miR-9-5p polarized microglia toward the M1 phenotype and exacerbated depressive symptoms in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse mode. Conclusion MiR-9-5p was transferred from neurons to microglia in an exosomal way, leading to M1 polarization of microglia and further neuronal injury. The expression and secretion of miR-9-5p might be novel therapeutic targets for MDD. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01332-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xian
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Li Cai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran-Chao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Hao Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Hang Xie
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Zhu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 20, Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yue-Feng Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438, Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Central Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 20, Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
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Hao P, Li H, Wu A, Zhang J, Wang C, Xian X, Ren Q, Hao N, Wang Y, Yue F, Cui H. Lipocalin2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer through activation of the ERK/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 262:118492. [PMID: 32980390 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin2 (Lcn2) has been shown to be a vital regulator of tumorigenesis in a variety of different cancers. However, its expression patterns and possible roles in ovarian cancer remain obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Lcn2 in ovarian cancer cells and to determine any potential association between Lcn2 and ovarian tumor development and cancer progression. Our results indicated that Lcn2 was upregulated in tumor tissue from ovarian cancer patients as well as in three ovarian cancer cell lines compared to normal tissues and cells. Overexpression of Lcn2 promoted both cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, knockdown of Lcn2 in cell lines suppressed both migration and proliferation. Moreover, upregulation of Lcn2 contributed to tumor growth in nude mice in vivo. Mechanistically, Lcn2 was found to lead to tumor progression in ovarian cancer cells through activation of the ERK/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. In summary, Lcn2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer through activation of the ERK/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting that Lcn2 might be a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Haili Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Aiyuan Wu
- The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Cancer Hospital), Suzhou Dong Street No.789, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xian Xian
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Nana Hao
- Department of Neurology, HanDan Central Hospital, HanDan, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Fengming Yue
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; The Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China; International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China.
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Hao P, Yue F, Xian X, Ren Q, Cui H, Wang Y. Inhibiting effect of MicroRNA-3619-5p/PSMD10 axis on liver cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro. Life Sci 2020; 254:117632. [PMID: 32437796 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide owing to its delayed diagnosis and absence of efficient treatment at advanced TNM stages. Increasing evidence demonstrated that microRNAs are implicated in tumorgenesis and cancer development by regulating cancer-related proteins. This study aimed to explore the effect of miR-3619-5p on cell growth in liver cancer. MAIN METHODS The effect of miR-3619-5p on cell proliferation was measured by quantitative real-time PCR, MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Immunofluorescence assay. The interaction between miR-3619-5p and PSMD10 was validated using dual-luciferase. The expression of PSMD10 and Ki67 was further determined by immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS MiR-3619-5p over-expression remarkably inhibited cell proliferation and induced G1 phase arrest, accompanied with reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. The expression of miR-3619-5p was negatively correlated to that of PSMD10, and PSMD10 was validated to be a downstream target of miR-3619-5p. Moreover, miR-3619-5p induced suppressed proliferation and G1 phase arrest were abrogated by elevated the expression of PSMD10 in liver cancer cells. PSMD10 over-expression also induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and retinoblastoma protein (Rb1). Besides, elevated cyclin A, cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression supported that PSMD10 promoted the progress of cell cycle. In addition, miR-3619-5p inhibited tumor growth in vivo by targeting PSMD10, accompanied with blocked cell cycle. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our findings revealed that miR-3619-5p inhibits cancer cell proliferation by targeting PSMD10, and miR-3619-5p as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Center of Stem Cell and Immune Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengming Yue
- Center of Stem Cell and Immune Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Department of Anatomy and Organ Technology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Xian Xian
- Center of Stem Cell and Immune Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Center of Stem Cell and Immune Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Center of Stem Cell and Immune Cell Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China; Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, People's Republic of China.
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Luo HM, Wu X, Xian X, Wang LY, Zhu LY, Sun HY, Yang L, Liu WX. Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits angiotensin II-induced NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS via the Src/STAT3 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6426-6437. [PMID: 32372557 PMCID: PMC7294141 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We had previously demonstrated that the calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) suppresses the oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by vascular injury. A recent study also indicated that CGRP protects against the onset and development of angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced hypertension, vascular hypertrophy and oxidative stress. However, the mechanism behind the effects of CGRP on Ang II‐induced oxidative stress is unclear. CGRP significantly suppressed the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase in Ang II‐induced VSMCs. The Ang II‐stimulated activation of both Src and the downstream transcription factor, STAT3, was abrogated by CGRP. However, the antioxidative effect of CGRP was lost following the expression of constitutively activated Src or STAT3. Pre‐treatment with H‐89 or CGRP8–37 also blocked the CGRP inhibitory effects against Ang II‐induced oxidative stress. Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo analyses show that CGRP treatment inhibited Ang II‐induced VSMC proliferation and hypertrophy, accompanied by a reduction in ROS generation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that CGRP exhibits its antioxidative effect by blocking the Src/STAT3 signalling pathway that is associated with Ang II‐induced VSMC hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Min Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xia Wu
- The Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang-Yu Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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9
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Liu T, Kamiyoshi A, Sakurai T, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Yang L, Tanaka M, Xian X, Imai A, Zhai L, Hirabayashi K, Dai K, Tanimura K, Liu T, Cui N, Igarashi K, Yamauchi A, Shindo T. Endogenous Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1194-1206. [PMID: 28324021 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a bioactive peptide produced by alternative splicing of the primary transcript of the calcitonin/CGRP gene. CGRP is largely distributed in the cardiovascular and nervous systems, where it acts as a regulatory factor. CGRP is also expressed in organs and tissues involved in metabolic regulation, including white adipose tissue (WAT), where its function is largely unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of endogenous CGRP on metabolic function. When we administered a high-fat diet to CGRP-specific knockout (CGRP-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice for 10 weeks, we observed that food intake did not differ between the two groups, but body weight and visceral fat weight were significantly lower in CGRP-/- mice. Fatty liver changes were less severe in CGRP-/- mice, which also showed lower serum insulin and leptin levels. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were better in CGRP-/- than WT mice, and expired gas analysis revealed greater oxygen consumption by CGRP-/- mice. Adipocyte hypertrophy was suppressed in CGRP-/- mice, while expression of β-3-adrenergic receptor, hormone-sensitive lipase and adiponectin was enhanced. Isoproterenol-induced glycerol release from WAT was higher in CGRP-/- than WT mice, and CGRP-/- mice showed elevated sympathetic nervous activity. β-receptor-blockade canceled the beneficial effects of CGRP deletion on obesity. These results suggest that, in addition to its actions in the cardiovascular system, endogenous CGRP is a key regulator of metabolism and energy homeostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hirabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Keiya Tanimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nanqi Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | | | | | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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10
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Xian X, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Tanaka M, Koyama T, Kawate H, Yang L, Liu T, Imai A, Zhai L, Hirabayashi K, Dai K, Tanimura K, Liu T, Cui N, Igarashi K, Yamauchi A, Shindo T. Vasoprotective Activities of the Adrenomedullin-RAMP2 System in Endothelial Cells. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1359-1372. [PMID: 28324104 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is the primary lesion underlying atherosclerosis and restenosis after coronary intervention. We previously described the essential angiogenic function of the adrenomedullin (AM)-receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 2 system. In the present study, we assessed the vasoprotective actions of the endogenous AM-RAMP2 system using a wire-induced vascular injury model. We found that neointima formation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation were enhanced in RAMP2+/- male mice. The injured vessels from RAMP2+/- mice showed greater macrophage infiltration, inflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress than vessels from wild-type mice and less re-endothelialization. After endothelial cell-specific RAMP2 deletion in drug-inducible endothelial cell-specific RAMP2-/- (DI-E-RAMP2-/-) male mice, we observed markedly greater neointima formation than in control mice. In addition, neointima formation after vessel injury was enhanced in mice receiving bone marrow transplants from RAMP2+/- or DI-E-RAMP2-/- mice, indicating that bone marrow-derived cells contributed to the enhanced neointima formation. Finally, we found that the AM-RAMP2 system augmented proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells. These results demonstrate that the AM-RAMP2 system exerts crucial vasoprotective effects after vascular injury and could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 0050017, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hirabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Keiya Tanimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nanqi Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | | | | | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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11
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Imai A, Toriyama Y, Iesato Y, Hirabayashi K, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Tanaka M, Liu T, Xian X, Zhai L, Dai K, Tanimura K, Liu T, Cui N, Yamauchi A, Murata T, Shindo T. Adrenomedullin Suppresses Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Vascular Hyperpermeability and Inflammation in Retinopathy. Am J Pathol 2017; 187:999-1015. [PMID: 28322199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is caused by blood-retinal barrier breakdown associated with retinal vascular hyperpermeability and inflammation, and it is the major cause of visual dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an endogenous peptide first identified as a strong vasodilator. ADM is expressed in the eyes and is up-regulated in various eye diseases, although the pathophysiological significance is largely unknown. We investigated the effect of ADM on DME. In Kimba mice, which overexpress human vascular endothelial growth factor in their retinas, the capillary dropout, vascular leakage, and vascular fragility characteristic of diabetic retinopathy were observed. Intravitreal or systemic administration of ADM to Kimba mice ameliorated both the capillary dropout and vascular leakage. Evaluation of the transendothelial electrical resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability of an endothelial cell monolayer using TR-iBRB retinal capillary endothelial cells revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor enhanced vascular permeability but that co-administration of ADM suppressed the effect, in part by enhancing tight junction formation between endothelial cells. In addition, a comprehensive PCR array analysis showed that ADM administration suppressed various molecules related to inflammation and NF-κB signaling within retinas. From these results, we suggest that by exerting inhibitory effects on retinal inflammation, vascular permeability, and blood-retinal barrier breakdown, ADM could serve as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yuichi Toriyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iesato
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hirabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Keiya Tanimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Teng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Nanqi Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | | | - Toshinori Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan.
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12
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Zhang Z, Li Z, Yu Q, Wu C, Lu Z, Zhu F, Zhang H, Liao M, Li T, Chen W, Xian X, Tan A, Mo Z. The prevalence of and risk factors for prostatitis-like symptoms and its relation to erectile dysfunction in Chinese men. Andrology 2016; 3:1119-24. [PMID: 26769668 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for prostatitis-like symptoms and its relation to erectile dysfunction (ED) among southern Chinese men. Data were collected from 2790 men attending the Fangchenggang Area Male Healthy and Examination Survey from September 2009 to December 2009. The prostatitis-like symptoms were assessed by the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index and ED was assessed using the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function. Lifestyle and demographic characteristics were obtained through a questionnaire. Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms was 12.4% among 2790 Chinese men aged 20-84 years. In smokers who smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day (age-adjusted OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.00-1.66; p = 0.04), physical inactivity (age-adjusted OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.03-1.66; p = 0.02) was a significant risk factor for prostatitis-like symptoms. Alcohol consumption (daily drinking) also was a risk factor for prostatitis-like symptoms, although the differences were not statistically significant (age-adjusted OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 0.96-1.92; p = 0.07). Those with diabetes may also be at higher risk for prostatitis-like symptoms (age-adjusted OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.85-2.21; p = 0.19). In addition, men with ED were more likely to have had prostatitis-like symptoms (age-adjusted OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 0.47-2.36; p < 0.0001), and the ORs increased with increasing severity of ED status (mild ED, mild to moderate ED, and moderate to severe ED were 1.57, 2.62, and 3.24, respectively. Test for trend, p = 0.0001). Our results show that prostatitis-like symptoms are prevalent in Southern China affecting men of all ages. Smoking, drinking, lack of physical activity, and elevated plasma glucose level were associated with an increased risk of prostatitis-like symptoms. In addition, our results reveal that ED accounted for a large proportion (61.5%) among men with prostatitis-like symptoms; we also confirm the magnitude of ED associated with prostatitis-like symptoms. Thus, interventions to evaluate and improve ED might help ameliorate prostatitis-like symptoms and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Urology Department, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Z Li
- Urology Department, The Armed Police Corps Hospital of Guangdong Provence, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Yu
- Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - C Wu
- Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Z Lu
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - F Zhu
- Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - H Zhang
- Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - M Liao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - T Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - W Chen
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - X Xian
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - A Tan
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Z Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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13
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Tanaka M, Koyama T, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Liu T, Xian X, Imai A, Zhai L, Hirabayashi K, Owa S, Yamauchi A, Igarashi K, Taniguchi S, Shindo T. The endothelial adrenomedullin-RAMP2 system regulates vascular integrity and suppresses tumour metastasis. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:398-409. [PMID: 27307317 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Controlling vascular integrity is expected to be a novel therapeutic target of cancers as well as cardiovascular diseases. Adrenomedullin (AM) and its receptor-modulating protein, RAMP2, have been identified as essential mediators of cardiovascular homeostasis. In this study, we used inducible vascular endothelial cell-specific RAMP2 knockout (DI-E-RAMP2(-/-)) mice to clarify the contribution made by the endogenous AM-RAMP2 system to angiogenesis and metastasis. METHODS AND RESULTS Subcutaneously transplanted sarcoma or melanoma cells showed less growth and angiogenesis in DI-E-RAMP2(-/-) than in control mice. On the other hand, after the transplantation of B16BL6 melanoma cells into hindlimb footpads, spontaneous metastasis to the lung was enhanced in DI-E-RAMP2(-/-) mice. Early after RAMP2 gene deletion, DI-E-RAMP2(-/-) mice showed enhanced vascular permeability, endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)-like change, and systemic oedema. Within the lungs of DI-E-RAMP2(-/-) mice, pulmonary endothelial cells were deformed, and inflammatory cells infiltrated the vessel walls and expressed the chemotactic factors S100A8/9 and SAA3, which attract tumour cells and mediate the formation of a pre-metastatic niche. Conversely, the overexpression of RAMP2 suppressed tumour cell adhesion to endothelial cells, tumour metastasis, and improved survival. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the AM-RAMP2 system regulates vascular integrity, whereas RAMP2 deletion promotes vascular permeability and EndMT-like change within primary lesions and formation of pre-metastatic niches in distant organs by destabilizing the vascular structure and inducing inflammation. Vascular integrity regulated by the AM-RAMP2 system could thus be a hopeful therapeutic target for suppressing tumour metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hirabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shinji Owa
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kyoko Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shun'ichiro Taniguchi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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14
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Toriyama Y, Iesato Y, Imai A, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Yamauchi A, Igarashi K, Tanaka M, Liu T, Xian X, Zhai L, Owa S, Murata T, Shindo T. Pathophysiological Function of Endogenous Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide in Ocular Vascular Diseases. The American Journal of Pathology 2015; 185:1783-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Igarashi K, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Yamauchi A, Toriyama Y, Tanaka M, Liu T, Xian X, Imai A, Zhai L, Owa S, Koyama T, Uetake R, Ihara M, Shindo T. Pathophysiological roles of adrenomedullin-RAMP2 system in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia. Peptides 2014; 62:21-31. [PMID: 25252154 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The accessory protein RAMP2 is a component of the CLR/RAMP2 dimeric adrenomedullin (AM) receptor and is the primary determinant of the vascular functionality of AM. RAMP2 is highly expressed in the brain; however, its function there remains unclear. We therefore used heterozygous RAMP2 knockout (RAMP2+/-) mice, in which RAMP2 expression was reduced by half, to examine the actions of the endogenous AM-RAMP2 system in cerebral ischemia. To induce acute or chronic ischemia, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS), respectively. In RAMP2+/- mice subjected to MCAO, recovery of cerebral blood flow (CBF) was slower than in WT mice. AM gene expression was upregulated after infarction in both genotypes, but the increase was greater in RAMP2+/- mice. Pathological analysis revealed severe nerve cell death and demyelination, and a higher level of oxidative stress in RAMP2+/- mice. In RAMP2+/- mice subjected to BCAS, recovery of cerebral perfusion was slower and less complete than in WT mice. In an 8-arm radial maze test, RAMP2+/- mice required more time to solve the maze and showed poorer reference memory. They also showed greater reductions in nerve cells and less compensatory capillary growth than WT mice. These results indicate the AM-RAMP2 system works to protect nerve cells from both acute and chronic cerebral ischemia by maintaining CBF, suppressing oxidative stress, and in the case of chronic ischemia, enhancing capillary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sakurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Kamiyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Ichikawa-Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hisaka Kawate
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Toriyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Megumu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Xian Xian
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Akira Imai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Liuyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Owa
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Uetake
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
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Yamauchi A, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Igarashi K, Toriyama Y, Tanaka M, Liu T, Xian X, Imai A, Zhai L, Owa S, Arai T, Shindo T. Functional differentiation of RAMP2 and RAMP3 in their regulation of the vascular system. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 77:73-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Lan J, Gao Z, Xiong H, Chuai X, Jin Y, Li J, Xian X, Liu G, Xie L, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Generation of protective immune responses against coxsackievirus B3 challenge by DNA prime–protein boost vaccination. Vaccine 2011; 29:6894-902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Li J, Li J, Xian X, Liu GX, Lan JM, Jin YH, Xie LX, Zhang H, Wang YX. [Construction of the recombinant adenovirus expressing the CVB3 sVP1-C3d3 protein and study on its immunological effects in mice]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2011; 27:47-50. [PMID: 21208565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To construct recombinant adenovirus Ad/C3d3-sVP1 and investigate the immune effects against coxsackievirus infection in mouse. METHODS The recombinant adenovirus Ad/sVP1-C3d3 was constructed and packaged. BALB/c mouse were divided into four groups: Ad/sVP1-C3d3 group, Ad/VP1 group, Ad group and PBS group. The mice in each group were immunized by intramuscular injection. The titers of sera IgG and neutralizing antibody were detected by ELISA method and trace neutralization assay, respectively.The specific CTL cytotoxic activity was detected by CCK-8 assay. The mice in each group were challenged with lethal dose of coxsackievirus, the titers of the sera virus were titrated. RESULTS The recombinant adenovirus Ad/sVP1-C3d3 was successfully constructed. It's observed that the titers of CVB3 VP1 specific antibody and neutralizing antibody were much higher than those of the other three groups(P<0.01). CTL cytotoxicity activities was much higher than PBS and Ad group(P<0.01), but little higher than Ad/VP1 group(P<0.05).The titer of sera virus was lower than Ad and PBS groups after CVB3 challenged(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both the celluar and humoral immune responses in mice could been significantly enhanced by Ad/sVP1-C3d3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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19
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Ding FX, Xian X, Guo YJ, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yang F, Wang YZ, Song SX, Wang F, Sun SH. A preliminary study on the activation and antigen presentation of hepatitis B virus core protein virus-like particle-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Mol BioSyst 2010; 6:2192-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c005222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Zhang Y, Song S, Liu C, Wang Y, Xian X, He Y, Wang J, Liu F, Sun S. Generation of chimeric HBc proteins with epitopes in E.coli: formation of virus-like particles and a potent inducer of antigen-specific cytotoxic immune response and anti-tumor effect in vivo. Cell Immunol 2007; 247:18-27. [PMID: 17707782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The major aim of the project was to develop the virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying single or multi-epitope of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in Escherichia coli and to evaluate the effect on inducing Ag-specific CD8(+) T cell response and antitumor efficacy as candidate vaccines. To this end, hepatitis B virus core (HBc) particles were used as a carrier of HCC epitopes. Four HCC epitopes MAGE-1(278-286aa), MAGE-3(271-279aa), AFP1 (158-166aa) or AFP2 (542-550aa) were fused to the 3' terminus of the truncated HBV core gene, respectively, or conjunctively. Not all recombinant plasmids led to expression of chimeric proteins in expression strain E. coli BL21 (DE3), but chimeric proteins which are expressed in inclusion bodies resulted in the formation of complete "mature" VLPs. E. coli-derived truncated HBc(1-144) chimeric protein self-assembled into VLPs that both morphologically and physically are similar to the wild-type ones and they still remained activity after purification and refolding from 6M urea solution. We also showed that they could be internalized and presented by DCs in vitro. Additionally, DCs pulsed with the chimeric HBc-VLPs could induce stronger CTL activity and greater IFN-gamma secretion by responding T cells compared with peptid-pulsed DCs. In the B16-pIR-HH tumor therapy model, the growth of established tumors was significantly inhibited by immunization using VLP-pulsed DCs, resulting in significantly higher survival rate of immunized animals. Thus, the results of the current study have demonstrated the principal possibility of using VLP on the basis of HBcAg for creation of a new type of HCC-specific immunogen.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibody Specificity/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Epitopes/chemistry
- Epitopes/genetics
- Epitopes/immunology
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Hepatitis B Antibodies/biosynthesis
- Hepatitis B Core Antigens/chemistry
- Hepatitis B Core Antigens/genetics
- Hepatitis B Core Antigens/immunology
- Hepatitis B Vaccines/biosynthesis
- Hepatitis B Vaccines/immunology
- Hepatitis B virus/chemistry
- Hepatitis B virus/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Melanoma-Specific Antigens
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vaccines, Synthetic/chemistry
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
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22
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Xian X, Shevell SK. Color Appearance Influenced by Local Induction and by Perceptual Grouping. J Vis 2004. [DOI: 10.1167/4.8.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Xian X, Petukhov A, Snel MME, Dolbnya I, Aarts D, Vroege G, Lekkerkerker H. Depletion-induced colloidal crystals at a wall characterised by small-angle X-ray diffraction. J Appl Crystallogr 2003. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889803004837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica photonic colloidal crystals on a flat glass substrate have been grown using the depletion attraction induced by nonadsorbing polymers. The dried samples have been characterised with high-resolution synchrotron small-angle X-ray diffraction and their surface topography has been studied by atomic force microscopy. The presence of long-range ordered crystals with a thickness as large as 90 planes is demonstrated. However, on some places the films are polycrystalline and contain disordered regions.
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Lu X, Xian X, Lu W, Wu X, Gu H. [The regulation of Lycium barbarum on apoptosis of rat spleen in vitro]. Zhong Yao Cai 1999; 22:250-1. [PMID: 12575078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of Lycium barbarum (LB) on apoptosis of rat spleen induced by hydrocortisone (HYD) was studied in this paper. The results indicated LB could inhibit the apoptosis induced by HYD and the inhibition is dose dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Lu
- Guangdong College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510224
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Abstract
Using adsorption data, we get formulas for the calculation of fractal dimensions: log[A CO2 (DP) /A N2 (BET) ] = -5.3984(2 - D 1 )/2 and log[A CO2 (BET) /A N2 (BET) ] = -4.9569(2 - D 2 )/2. The fractal dimensions (D ) of 27 coals and 2 cokes have been obtained. The D of coals decreased with the increase of fa and reached a maximum at H/C equal to 0.66 (or C daf about 86%). The fractal dimension is relative to ash and volatiles of coal: D = 2.2237 + 0.6249V daf + 0.8863A d . The relationship between D of coal coke and its conversions (X ) obeys the following equation: D = a exp(-bX ) + c .
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 630044, China
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26
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Xian X. Response of kidney bean to concentration and chemical form of cadmium, zinc, and lead in polluted soils. Environ Pollut 1989; 57:127-137. [PMID: 15092458 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(89)90005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/1988] [Accepted: 08/22/1988] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Seven soils which had been polluted with heavy metals from a zinc smelter were sequentially extracted so that Cd, Zn, and Pb could be partitioned into five operationally defined geochemical fractions: exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxide, organic, and residual fractions. Kidney beans were planted in the soils to examine the effect of concentration and chemical form of the metals in soil on the growth and metal uptake of the plants. The growth of kidney bean was restricted in heavy metal polluted soils compared with controls. Metal concentration and metal uptake by plants were correlated. The highest relationship was found between amount of metal uptake and the metal concentration in exchangeable + carbonate forms. The uptake of metals was according to their solubility sequence, i.e. Cd > Zn > Pb. The uptake rate of exchangeable + carbonate forms was the same for the three elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xian
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183, Japan
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