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Yang TY, Wang XB. Speeding up the classical simulation of Gaussian boson sampling with limited connectivity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7680. [PMID: 38561440 PMCID: PMC10984997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) plays a crucially important role in demonstrating quantum advantage. As a major imperfection, the limited connectivity of the linear optical network weakens the quantum advantage result in recent experiments. In this work, we introduce an enhanced classical algorithm for simulating GBS processes with limited connectivity. It computes the loop Hafnian of an n × n symmetric matrix with bandwidth w in O ( n w 2 w ) time. It is better than the previous fastest algorithm which runs in O ( n w 2 2 w ) time. This classical algorithm is helpful on clarifying how limited connectivity affects the computational complexity of GBS and tightening the boundary for achieving quantum advantage in the GBS problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, SAICT, Jinan, 250101, China.
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai, 201315, China.
- International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen, 518048, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, 100084, China.
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2
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Shi K, Hou J, Zhang Y, Bi YF, Wang XB. [Fuzheng Huayu capsules reducing development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B based on the ratio of neutrophils/lymphocytes]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:969-973. [PMID: 37872093 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230620-00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the advantage of Fuzheng Huayu capsule in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis based on neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) risk stratification in reducing the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: 916 cases diagnosed with hepatitis B cirrhosis and followed up for five years from January 2011 to January 2016 at Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University were included, and clinical data were collected. Patients were divided into a combination group and an antiviral group according to whether they were treated with anti-fibrosis for≥6 months. The antiviral group was treated with entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil, while the combination group was treated with Fuzheng Huayu capsules based on the antiviral therapy. The incidence of HCC was compared between the two groups of patients within five years. The advantaged groups treated with Fuzheng Huayu capsule were explored based on NLR risk stratification. The independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare measurement data between two groups. Categorical variable data were compared using either the χ(2) test or Fisher's exact probability method. The incidence of HCC in the two groups of patients was analyzed through the Kalplan-Merier curve and compared using the log-rank method. Results: There were 299 (32.6%) and 617 (67.4%) cases in the combined group and the antiviral group, respectively. A total of 154 (16.8%) patients developed HCC during the follow-up period. The five-year cumulative incidence of HCC in the combination group was lower than that in the antiviral group (10.7% vs. 19.8%, χ(2) = 11.848, P = 0.000 4). Patients with baseline NLR>3 had an increased risk of HCC. According to NLR risk stratification, there were 191 cases in the low-risk group (NLR<1.4), 462 cases in the medium-risk group (NLR1.4 ~ 3.0), and 263 cases in the high-risk group (NLR>3). Among medium to high-risk patients, the incidence of HCC was significantly reduced in the combination group (11.5% vs. 19.4%, χ(2) = 4.519, P = 0.029; 13.2% vs. 26.2%, χ(2) = 5.258, P = 0.019), while there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of HCC among the low-risk group (P = 0.38). Conclusion: Compared with antiviral treatment alone, Fuzheng Huayu capsules combined with antiviral treatment can better reduce the five-year HCC incidence rate in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. Medium-and high-risk patients with NLR stratification are the most advantageous population to be treated with Fuzheng Huayu capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shi
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - J Hou
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Y F Bi
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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3
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Li YH, Li SL, Hu XL, Jiang C, Yu ZW, Li W, Liu WY, Liao SK, Ren JG, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Yin J, Xu F, Zhang Q, Wang XB, Cao Y, Peng CZ, Pan JW. Free-Space and Fiber-Integrated Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution under High Background Noise. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:100802. [PMID: 37739363 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.100802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) provides immunity against all attacks targeting measurement devices. It is essential to implement MDI QKD in the future global-scale quantum communication network. Toward this goal, we demonstrate a robust MDI QKD fully covering daytime, overcoming the high background noise that prevents BB84 protocol even when using a perfect single-photon source. Based on this, we establish a hybrid quantum communication network that integrates free-space and fiber channels through Hong-Ou-Mandle (HOM) interference. Additionally, we investigate the feasibility of implementing HOM interference with moving satellites. Our results serve as a significant cornerstone for future integrated space-ground quantum communication networks that incorporate measurement-device-independent security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huai Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Wei-Yue Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Liao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Ji-Gang Ren
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Feihu Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Peng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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Duan YR, Zhao YC, Song WY, Wang JX, Pei J, Wang XB. [Research advances on improving the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in wound repair]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:695-700. [PMID: 37805701 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220912-00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
How to promote high-quality wound healing is a common problem for plastic surgery and burn physicians. In recent years, numerous animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote wound repair through multiple mechanisms and are promising cell-free therapeutic agents with broad prospect of application. How to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes, optimize their drug delivery strategy, and improve their biological properties are the challenges to be overcome in order to move from basic research to clinical application of exosome therapy for wound repair. This article focuses on methods to improve the wound repair potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, and reviews the recent research advances on improving the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in wound repair from three aspects, including pretreatment of parental mesenchymal stem cells, hydrogel bio-scaffold loaded with exosomes, and engineered exosomes, to provide a reference for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Duan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Y C Zhao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang 712099, China
| | - W Y Song
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J X Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J Pei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital (Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital), the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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5
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Li W, Zhang L, Lu Y, Li ZP, Jiang C, Liu Y, Huang J, Li H, Wang Z, Wang XB, Zhang Q, You L, Xu F, Pan JW. Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution without Phase Locking. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:250802. [PMID: 37418729 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.250802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) has emerged as a promising solution for practical quantum communication over long-haul fiber. However, previous demonstrations on TF-QKD require the phase locking technique to coherently control the twin light fields, inevitably complicating the system with extra fiber channels and peripheral hardware. Here, we propose and demonstrate an approach to recover the single-photon interference pattern and realize TF-QKD without phase locking. Our approach separates the communication time into reference frames and quantum frames, where the reference frames serve as a flexible scheme for establishing the global phase reference. To do so, we develop a tailored algorithm based on fast Fourier transform to efficiently reconcile the phase reference via data postprocessing. We demonstrate no-phase-locking TF-QKD from short to long distances over standard optical fibers. At 50-km standard fiber, we produce a high secret key rate (SKR) of 1.27 Mbit/s, while at 504-km standard fiber, we obtain the repeaterlike key rate scaling with a SKR of 34 times higher than the repeaterless secret key capacity. Our work provides a scalable and practical solution to TF-QKD, thus representing an important step towards its wide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Likang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yichen Lu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Zheng-Ping Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jia Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Hao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Lixing You
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 China
| | - Feihu Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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Liu Y, Zhang WJ, Jiang C, Chen JP, Zhang C, Pan WX, Ma D, Dong H, Xiong JM, Zhang CJ, Li H, Wang RC, Wu J, Chen TY, You L, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Pan JW. Experimental Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 1000 km Fiber Distance. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:210801. [PMID: 37295116 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.210801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) aims to generate secure private keys shared by two remote parties. With its security being protected by principles of quantum mechanics, some technology challenges remain towards practical application of QKD. The major one is the distance limit, which is caused by the fact that a quantum signal cannot be amplified while the channel loss is exponential with the distance for photon transmission in optical fiber. Here using the 3-intensity sending-or-not-sending protocol with the actively-odd-parity-pairing method, we demonstrate a fiber-based twin-field QKD over 1002 km. In our experiment, we developed a dual-band phase estimation and ultra-low noise superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors to suppress the system noise to around 0.02 Hz. The secure key rate is 9.53×10^{-12} per pulse through 1002 km fiber in the asymptotic regime, and 8.75×10^{-12} per pulse at 952 km considering the finite size effect. Our work constitutes a critical step towards the future large-scale quantum network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jiu-Peng Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Wen-Xin Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Di Ma
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Jia-Min Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Zhang
- Photon Technology (Zhejiang) Co. Ltd., Jiaxing 314100, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Rui-Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fibre and Cable Manufacture Technology, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Fibre and Cable Manufacture Technology, Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Teng-Yun Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinan 250101, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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7
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Wang XB, Wang C. [Preliminary application effect of unilateral biportal endoscopy technique combined with drug chemotherapy in thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:1148-1153. [PMID: 37055233 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221019-02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of debridement, decompression, interbody fusion and percutaneous screw internal fixation under the unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) combined with drug chemotherapy for thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis. Methods: A follow-up study. The clinical data of 9 patients who underwent UBE debridement, decompression, interbody fusion and percutaneous screw internal fixation combined with drug chemotherapy for thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2021 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 5 females, aged (52.4±13.5) years (ranged 27-71 years). All patients were given quadruple (isoniazid+rifampicin+pyrazinamide+ethambutol) anti-tuberculosis drugs chemotherapy for 2 to 4 weeks before surgery. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, ambulation time, postoperative hospital stay and complications were recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the patients were compared before and after the surgery. The degree and improvement of spinal cord injury before and after surgery were assessed according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) neurological classification; and the Cobb angle was measured before and after surgery to assess kyphotic deformity and correction. X-ray or CT was reviewed at 6 months postoperatively and at the final follow-up, and surgical segmental fusion was evaluated using Bridwell grading criteria. Results: All patients completed the surgery successfully and were followed up for (14.6±1.9) months. The operation time was (182.2±27.5) minutes, the intraoperative blood loss was (222.2±66.7) ml, postoperative drainage volume was (43.3±17.0) ml, the ambulation time was (1.9±0.8) days, postoperative hospital stay was (5.9±1.5) days. Complications occurred in 2 patients (2/9), including 1 case of procedure-related complication. ESR and CRP returned to normal level at the 6-month postoperative follow-up. The VAS score and ODI were significantly improved when compared with those before the operation at each postoperative follow-up time point, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). All patients were classified as ASIA grade E at the last follow-up. The postoperative Cobb angle decreased from 14.44°±2.07° to 9.00°±2.29°, and there was no significant loss of angle at the last follow-up. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, 5 cases (5/9) were classified as Bridwell grade Ⅰ, 2 cases (2/9) as grade Ⅱ, and 1 case (1/9) as grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively; and all the patients were classified as grade Ⅰ at the last follow-up. Conclusion: Combined with drug chemotherapy, UBE debridement, decompression, interbody fusion and percutaneous screw internal fixation is a safe, feasible and effective therapy for thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Jiang C, Yu ZW, Hu XL, Wang XB. Robust twin-field quantum key distribution through sending-or-not-sending. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 10:nwac186. [PMID: 37089191 PMCID: PMC10115169 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The sending-or-not-sending (SNS) protocol is one of the most major variants of the twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol and has been realized in a 511 km field fiber, the farthest field experiment to date. In practice, however, all decoy-state methods have unavoidable source errors, and the source errors may be non-random, which compromises the security condition of the existing TF-QKD protocols. In this study, we present a general approach for efficiently calculating the SNS protocol’s secure key rate with source errors, by establishing the equivalent protocols through virtual attenuation and tagged model. This makes the first result for TF-QKD in practice where source intensity cannot be controlled exactly. Our method can be combined with the two-way classical communication method such as active odd-parity pairing to further improve the key rate. The numerical results show that if the intensity error is within a few percent, the key rate and secure distance only decrease marginally. The key rate of the recent SNS experiment in the 511 km field fiber is still positive using our method presented here, even if there is $\pm 9.5\%$ intensity fluctuation. This shows that the SNS protocol is robust against source errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology , Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute , Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology , Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Shanghai 201315, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Physics Department, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information , Beijing, China
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9
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Wang XB, Tang H, Cheng YJ, Shang HB, Ma JG, Xu Z, He C, Wu Z. [Clinical observation of microsurgical removal of the hemilateral tuberculum sellae meningiomas through contralateral eyebrow arch approach]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:2630-2633. [PMID: 36058690 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220208-00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the clinical feasibility of microscopic resection of hemilateral tuberculum sellae meningiomas (TSM) via the contralateral eye brow arch approach. The clinical data of 34 patients with TSM who underwent microsurgery from January 2016 to June 2021 in the Neurosurgery Department of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University were collected and reviewed. The postoperative visual acuity improvement rate was 88.5% (23/26), and the total tumor resection rate was 88.2% (30/34); the postoperative visual acuity improvement in patients with total tumor resection was better than that of patients with partial resection [90.9% (20/22) vs 3/4]. Meanwhile, the postoperative visual acuity improvement in patients with the superior optic nerve and laterl-superior optic nerve was better than that of patients with the lateral optic nerve type (12/14, 8/8 vs 3/4). Supraorbital skin numbness occurred in 3 cases after operation, and the symptoms disappeared during follow-up; 2 cases had mild disturbance of hormone level, and urine output of 2 cases increased after operation, which returned to normal level after symptomatic treatment; 1 case had subcutaneous effusion which was absorbed after treatment. There were no complications such as olfactory disturbance and intracranial infection. During follow-up for 3-60 (33±6) months, recurrence occurred in 2 cases and reoperation was performed. For the hemilateral TSM, according to the preoperative evaluation of the origin of the TSM and the side with visual impairment, the contralateral eyebrow approach is selected to fully expose the tumor base below the optic nerve. It is beneficial to fully resect the tumor under direct vision, and the symptoms of postoperative visual impairment are significantly improved, indicating that the current surgical method can be used in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - H Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y J Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H B Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J G Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - C He
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Zhebao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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10
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Zou HJ, Zhu XX, Dai SM, Wang XB, Zhao DB, Zhao Y. [Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of systemic sclerosis in China]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:874-882. [PMID: 35922211 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20211227-00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease that is characterized by skin fibrosis with multi-organ involvement. In China, the standardized diagnosis and treatment for SSc is still lacking. Based on the diagnosis criteria and guidelines from China and abroad, Chinese Rheumatology Association developed the current standardization of diagnosis and treatment for SSc. The purposes of this guideline are to standardize clinical management for SSc in China, to interpret the key evaluation tools for SSc, and to recommend therapeutic principle and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zou
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - X X Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - S M Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - D B Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
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11
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Zhang C, Hu XL, Jiang C, Chen JP, Liu Y, Zhang W, Yu ZW, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Pan JW. Experimental Side-Channel-Secure Quantum Key Distribution. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:190503. [PMID: 35622023 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.190503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum key distribution can provide unconditionally secure key exchange for remote users in theory. In practice, however, in most quantum key distribution systems, quantum hackers might steal the secure keys by observing the side channels in the emitted photons, such as the photon frequency spectrum, emission time, propagation direction, spatial angular momentum, and so on. It is hard to prevent such kinds of attacks because side channels may exist in many dimensions of the emitted photons. Here we report an experimental realization of a side-channel-secure quantum key distribution protocol which is not only measurement-device independent, but also immune to all side-channel attacks to the photons emitted from Alice's and Bob's labs. We achieve a secure key rate of 1.73×10^{-6} per pulse through 50 km fiber spools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jiu-Peng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
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12
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Chen JP, Zhang C, Liu Y, Jiang C, Zhao DF, Zhang WJ, Chen FX, Li H, You LX, Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Pan JW. Quantum Key Distribution over 658 km Fiber with Distributed Vibration Sensing. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:180502. [PMID: 35594113 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.180502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Twin-field quantum key distribution (TFQKD) promises ultralong secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made toward implementation of TFQKD, among which, the secure key with finite size analysis can distribute more than 500 km in the lab and in the field. Here, we demonstrate the sending-or-not-sending TFQKD experimentally, achieving a secure key distribution with finite size analysis over a 658 km ultra-low-loss optical fiber. Meanwhile, in a TFQKD system, any phase fluctuation due to temperature variation and ambient variation during the channel must be recorded and compensated, and all this phase information can then be utilized to sense the channel vibration perturbations. With our quantum key distribution system, we recovered the external vibrational perturbations generated by artificial vibroseis on both the quantum and frequency calibration link, and successfully located the perturbation position in the frequency calibration fiber with a resolution better than 1 km. Our results not only set a new distance record of quantum key distribution, but also demonstrate that the redundant information of TFQKD can be used for remote sensing of the channel vibration, which can find applications in earthquake detection and landslide monitoring besides secure communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Peng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Dong-Feng Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Fa-Xi Chen
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Li-Xing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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13
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Ma X, Li F, Liu WL, Wang XJ, Wang XB, Zhou HJ, Shi GQ. [Combined application of field epidemiology and laboratory etiology analysis in the investigation of a foodborne disease outbreak in Xinjiang uygur Autonomous Region, 2016]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:448-452. [PMID: 35488541 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210427-00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the causes of a foodborne outbreak in rural areas of Xinjiang between April 2 and April 5 in 2016. Methods: Cases and the relevant background information were obtained by consulting outpatient records of local health centers and regional people's hospitals and interviewing doctors and residents. All samples were collected by the laboratory test through epidemiological and food hygiene investigations. The χ2 test (Fisher's exact probability method) was used to compare differences in incidence rates. Molecular typing, virulence genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) were analyzed by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS). Results: A total of 142 cases were found in this study, with incidence rate at 5.7‰ (142/24 979). Among all cases, the main symptoms were nausea (94%), vomiting (92%) and abdominal pain (67%), and the incubation period was about 2 h (1-7.5 h). There were 16 Staphylococcus aureus isolates identified and all of them could produce A+C+E mixed enterotoxin. PFGE showed 100% homology. WGS further revealed that there were 9 and 1 strains contained by Sequence Type 1 (ST1) and ST5405, respectively. All ST1 strains were in the same clade on the genome tree. Among these, 7 strains shared close proximity (74 SNPs) and 2 strains shared close relationships as well (127 SNPs). The S. aureus isolates that caused the outbreak were introduced by a mutant isolate from the milk supply station. Conclusions: This foodborne outbreak was mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ma
- Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - F Li
- Health Monitoring and Testing Center, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - W L Liu
- Laboratory Management Office, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - X J Wang
- Tuberculosis and leprosy prevention and treatment center, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - X B Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - G Q Shi
- Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Jiang C, Zhou F, Wang XB. Four-intensity measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol with modified coherent state sources. Opt Express 2022; 30:10684-10693. [PMID: 35473029 DOI: 10.1364/oe.454026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme of double-scanning 4-intensity MDI-QKD protocol with the modified coherent state (MCS) sources. The MCS sources can be characterized by two positive parameters, ξ and c. In all prior works, c was set to be the same for all sources. We show that the source parameter c can be different for the sources in the X basis and those in the Z basis. Numerical results show that removing such a constraint can greatly improve the key rates of the protocol with MCS sources. In the typical experiment conditions, comparing with the key rates of WCS sources, the key rates of MCS sources can be improved by several orders of magnitude, and the secure distance is improved by about 40 km. Our results show that MCS sources have the potential to improve the practicality of the MDI-QKD protocol.
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15
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Ren J, Wang XB, Shu H, Xiong WJ, Wei QF, Wang X, Shi N, Xiong XL. [Analysis of screening results and risk factors of high-risk populations of lung cancer in Nanchang city from 2018 to 2019]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:1316-1321. [PMID: 34915643 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200615-00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To collate and analyze the screening results of high-risk lung cancer populations in communities in Nanchang from 2018 to 2019, and to explore the lung-positive nodules and risk factors for lung cancer. Methods: Data of the screening subjects in 8 administrative districts and 15 street health service centers in Nanchang city, Jiangxi province from November 2018 to October 2019 were collected, people at high risk of lung cancer was assessed, clinical screening of high-risk groups of lung cancer was conducted by low-dose helical computed tomography (LDCT), and risk factors for suspected lung cancer and lung-positive nodules were analyzed. Results: Of the 25 871 people participated in screening, 5 220 were at high risk for lung cancer and 15 374 without other malignant tumors were at high risk. There were 2 417 cases participated in clinical LDCT screening, including 193 cases of lung-positive nodules, 67 cases of suspected lung cancer, 912 cases of other lung diseases, the positive rate of lung cancer or lung-positive nodules was 10.76% (260/2 417). Univariate analysis showed that age, coarse grain intake, oil intake, housing heating, passive smoking, alcohol consumption and mental trauma were associated with positive pulmonary nodules or lung cancer (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, housing heating, smoking and drinking were related to the occurrence of lung nodules or lung cancer (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer or lung-positive nodules than women. The age is an independent risk factor for lung-positive nodules or lung cancer. In a certain range, age will increase the incidence of lung cancer, housing heating may be the protective factor for lung cancer, while smoking and drinking are risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - X B Wang
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - H Shu
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - W J Xiong
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Q F Wei
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - X Wang
- Preventive Medicine Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - N Shi
- Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao 334000, China
| | - X L Xiong
- Jiangxi Cancer Centre, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
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16
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Li HG, Zhao LH, Lu A, Liu JB, Su ZJ, Wang XB, Gao YJ. [The mechanism of circ_0023990/miR-873-5p/ANXA2 axis regulating radiosensitivity and development of thyroid carcinoma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3329-3337. [PMID: 34758534 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210207-00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect and possible mechanism of circ_0023990 on the radiosensitivity of thyroid cancer cells. Methods: qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circ_0023990 in the cancer tissues of 55 patients with thyroid cancer and thyroid cancer cell lines (TPC-1, KTC-1, FTC-133 and CAL-62), and the relationship between the expression of circ_0023990 in cancer tissues and the clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Thyroid cancer cells TPC-1 and KTC-1 were divided into sh-circ_0023990 group, sh-NC group, sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-873-5p group, sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-NC group, miR-873-5p group, miR-NC group, miR-873-5p+pcDNA-ANXA2 group and miR-873-5p+pcDNA group, and then clone formation experiment was used to detect cell radiosensitivity. After each group of cells was irradiated with 4Gy radiation, the expression of γH2AX protein in the cells was detected by Western Blot. The dual luciferase reporter gene experiment verified the targeting relationship between circ_0023990 and miR-873-5p or miR-873-5p and ANXA2. Results: The expression of circ_0023990 in thyroid cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues (2.15±0.09 vs. 0.97±0.05, P<0.05), and its expression was closely related to tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging of patients with thyroid cancer (P<0.05). The expression of circ_0023990 in thyroid cancer cell lines (TPC-1, KTC-1, FTC-133 and CAL-62) were higher than that of normal thyroid cells HTori-3 (3.16±0.38, 2.63±0.28, 1.82±0.24, 1.71±0.22 vs. 1.00±0.10, all P<0.05). The survival scores of TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells in the sh-circ_0023990 group were significantly lower than those in the sh-NC group (P<0.05), and the sensitization ratios were 2.482, 1.643; The survival scores of TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells in the sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-873-5p group were higher than those in the sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-NC group (P<0.05), and the sensitization ratios were 0.305, 0.441, respectively. The survival scores of TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells in the miR-873-5p group were lower than those in the miR-NC group (P<0.05), and the sensitization ratios were 2.044, 1.653 respectively. The survival scores of TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells in the miR-873-5p+pcDNA-ANXA2 group was higher than that in the miR-873-5p+pcDNA group (P<0.05), and the sensitization ratios were 0.496, 0.686, respectively. The expression of γH2AX protein in TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells of the 4 Gy+sh-circ_0023990 group were higher than that in the 4 Gy+sh-NC group (2.68±0.27 vs. 1.87±0.25, 2.46±0.19 vs. 1.77±0.14; all P<0.05), but the expression of γH2AX protein in TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells of the 4 Gy+sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-873-5p group were lower than that in the 4 Gy+sh-circ_0023990+anti-miR-NC group (1.13±0.09 vs. 1.69±0.09, 1.11±0.08 vs. 1.60±0.08; both P<0.05). The expression of γH2AX protein in TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells in the 4 Gy+miR-873-5p group were higher than that in the 4 Gy+miR-NC group (2.35±0.16 vs. 1.84±0.14, 2.26±0.12 vs. 1.77±0.13; both P<0.05), but the expression of γH2AX protein in TPC-1 and KTC-1 cells of the 4 Gy+miR-873-5p+pcDNA-ANXA2 group were lower than that in the 4 Gy+miR-873-5p+pcDNA group (1.96±0.12 vs. 2.41±0.12, 1.92±0.07 vs. 2.28±0.12; both P<0.05). circ_0023990 targeted the negative regulation of miR-873-5p, and ANXA2 was the target gene of miR-873-5p. Conclusion: circ_0023990 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines, and it may promote the radiotherapy resistance of thyroid cancer cells in vivo through regulating miR-873-5p/ANXA2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - L H Zhao
- Department of Disinfection Supply Center,Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - A Lu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - J B Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Z J Su
- Department of Thyroid Surgery,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Y J Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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17
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Shi K, Zhang Q, Huang YY, Wang XB. [Effects of anti-liver fibrosis treatment on the occurrence of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:685-689. [PMID: 34371540 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200227-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of anti-liver fibrosis treatment on the occurrence of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis within three years. Methods: 1,049 cases with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis who were hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from October 2008 to August 2016 were enrolled. Clinical data were collected, and COX regression analysis was used to find the independent influencing factors for the occurrence of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis within three years. According to whether the patients had received anti-liver fibrosis treatment for ≥ 6 months, they were divided into combination and antiviral group. There were 388 cases in combination group and 661 cases in antiviral group. In addition, the combination group received anti-liver fibrosis therapy with Chinese patent medicine on the basis of antivirus, and the antiviral group received antiviral treatment. The incidence of liver cancer within three years were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of liver cancer in patients with different Child-Pugh grades and mPAGE-B risks was further analyzed. The independent samples t-test, Mann Whitney U test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability method were used for data comparison. Results: Anti-liver fibrosis treatment was an independent protective factor to prevent liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis within 3 years (P < 0.05). The incidence of liver cancer in the combination group was lower than antiviral group within 3 years (10.3% vs. 15.4%, χ (2) = 5.480, P < 0.05). Child-Pugh stratified analysis showed that the risk of liver cancer was significantly reduced in Child-Pugh grade A patients (6.7% vs. 12.6%, χ (2) = 2.857, P = 0.040). Among high-risk patients with mPAGE-B, the incidence of liver cancer was significantly lower in combination group than control group (13.7% vs. 19.9%, χ (2) = 6.671, P = 0.031). Conclusion: Compared to antiviral therapy alone, combined anti-liver fibrosis and antiviral therapy can reduce the liver cancer occurrence risk in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis for 3 years. Patients with Child-Pugh grade A and high-risk group by mPAGE-B scores are the dominant population to receive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shi
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China The First Clinical School of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Y Y Huang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China The First Clinical School of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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18
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Liu H, Jiang C, Zhu HT, Zou M, Yu ZW, Hu XL, Xu H, Ma S, Han Z, Chen JP, Dai Y, Tang SB, Zhang W, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Hua Y, Hu H, Zhang H, Zhou F, Zhang Q, Wang XB, Chen TY, Pan JW. Field Test of Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution through Sending-or-Not-Sending over 428 km. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:250502. [PMID: 34241519 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.250502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantum key distribution endows people with information-theoretical security in communications. Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) has attracted considerable attention because of its outstanding key rates over long distances. Recently, several demonstrations of TF-QKD have been realized. Nevertheless, those experiments are implemented in the laboratory, and therefore a critical question remains about whether the TF-QKD is feasible in real-world circumstances. Here, by adopting the sending-or-not-sending twin-field QKD (SNS-TF-QKD) with the method of actively odd parity pairing (AOPP), we demonstrate a field-test QKD over 428 km of deployed commercial fiber and two users are physically separated by about 300 km in a straight line. To this end, we explicitly measure the relevant properties of the deployed fiber and develop a carefully designed system with high stability. The secure key rate we achieved breaks the absolute key rate limit of repeaterless QKD. The result provides a new distance record for the field test of both TF-QKD and all types of fiber-based QKD systems. Our work bridges the gap of QKD between laboratory demonstrations and practical applications and paves the way for an intercity QKD network with measurement-device-independent security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Zou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhao Ma
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Han
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Peng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Dai
- QuantumCTek Corporation Limited, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Biao Tang
- QuantumCTek Corporation Limited, Hefei, Anhui 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Hua
- Chongqing Optoelectronics Research Institute, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongkun Hu
- Chongqing Optoelectronics Research Institute, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Chongqing Optoelectronics Research Institute, Chongqing 400060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng-Yun Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology ofChina, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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19
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Cao Y, Li YH, Yang KX, Jiang YF, Li SL, Hu XL, Abulizi M, Li CL, Zhang W, Sun QC, Liu WY, Jiang X, Liao SK, Ren JG, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Yin J, Lu CY, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Peng CZ, Pan JW. Long-Distance Free-Space Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:260503. [PMID: 33449747 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.260503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), based on two-photon interference, is immune to all attacks against the detection system and allows a QKD network with untrusted relays. Since the MDI-QKD protocol was proposed, fiber-based implementations aimed at longer distance, higher key rates, and network verification have been rapidly developed. However, owing to the effect of atmospheric turbulence, MDI-QKD over a free-space channel remains experimentally challenging. Herein, by developing a robust adaptive optics system, high-precision time synchronization and frequency locking between independent photon sources located far apart, we realized the first free-space MDI-QKD over a 19.2-km urban atmospheric channel, which well exceeds the effective atmospheric thickness. Our experiment takes the first step toward satellite-based MDI-QKD. Moreover, the technology developed herein opens the way to quantum experiments in free space involving long-distance interference of independent single photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yu-Huai Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Kui-Xing Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yang-Fan Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Maimaiti Abulizi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Cheng-Long Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Chao Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wei-Yue Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Liao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Ji-Gang Ren
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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20
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Xu H, Hu XL, Feng XL, Wang XB. Hybrid protocol for sending-or-not-sending twin-field quantum key distribution. Opt Lett 2020; 45:4120-4123. [PMID: 32735238 DOI: 10.1364/ol.399137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a hybrid protocol for sending-or-not-sending (SNS) twin-field quantum key distribution: replacing the signal source by heralded single-photon source (HSPS) in the original SNS protocol, while decoy sources are still unchanged. Numerical simulation shows that after adopting this HSPS, the performance in key rate and secure distance is much improved.
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21
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Wang Q, Zhang F, Cao W, Wang XB, Wang HJ, Han QT. Predictive effect of strong ion gap on heart failure in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1487-1491. [PMID: 32885628 DOI: 10.23812/20-285-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Emergency Department, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - F Zhang
- No. 1 Department of Cardiology, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - W Cao
- Emergency Department, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - H J Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Q T Han
- Interventional Vascular Department, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, China
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22
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Chen JP, Zhang C, Liu Y, Jiang C, Zhang W, Hu XL, Guan JY, Yu ZW, Xu H, Lin J, Li MJ, Chen H, Li H, You L, Wang Z, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Pan JW. Sending-or-Not-Sending with Independent Lasers: Secure Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 509 km. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:070501. [PMID: 32142314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.070501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) promises high key rates over long distances to beat the rate-distance limit. Here, applying the sending-or-not-sending TF QKD protocol, we experimentally demonstrate a secure key distribution that breaks the absolute key-rate limit of repeaterless QKD over a 509-km-long ultralow loss optical fiber. Two independent lasers are used as sources with remote-frequency-locking technique over the 500-km fiber distance. Practical optical fibers are used as the optical path with appropriate noise filtering; and finite-key effects are considered in the key-rate analysis. The secure key rate obtained at 509 km is more than seven times higher than the relative bound of repeaterless QKD for the same detection loss. The achieved secure key rate is also higher than that of a traditional QKD protocol running with a perfect repeaterless QKD device, even for an infinite number of sent pulses. Our result shows that the protocol and technologies applied in this experiment enable TF QKD to achieve a high secure key rate over a long distribution distance, and is therefore practically useful for field implementation of intercity QKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Peng Chen
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Yu Guan
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Lin
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
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23
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Liu Y, Yu ZW, Zhang W, Guan JY, Chen JP, Zhang C, Hu XL, Li H, Jiang C, Lin J, Chen TY, You L, Wang Z, Wang XB, Zhang Q, Pan JW. Experimental Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution through Sending or Not Sending. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:100505. [PMID: 31573314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Channel loss seems to be the most severe limitation on the practical application of long distance quantum key distribution. The idea of twin-field quantum key distribution can improve the key rate from the linear scale of channel loss in the traditional decoy-state method to the square root scale of the channel transmittance. However, the technical demands are rather tough because they require single photon level interference of two remote independent lasers. Here, we adopt the technology developed in the frequency and time transfer to lock two independent laser wavelengths and utilize additional phase reference light to estimate and compensate the fiber fluctuation. Further, with a single photon detector with a high detection rate, we demonstrate twin field quantum key distribution through the sending-or-not-sending protocol with a realistic phase drift over 300 km optical fiber spools. We calculate the secure key rates with the finite size effect. The secure key rate at 300 km (1.96×10^{-6}) is higher than that of the repeaterless secret key capacity (8.64×10^{-7}).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Yu Guan
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Peng Chen
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Lin
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng-Yun Chen
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
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Yue RC, Lu SZ, Luo Y, Zeng J, Liang H, Wang XB, Qin D, Yang XL, Hu HX, Zeng CY. [Effect of NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis in myocardial cells undergoing hypoxia/deoxygenation injury]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2019; 47:471-478. [PMID: 31262132 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of NACHT-LRR-PYD- containing proteins 3 (NLRP3) mediated pyroptosis in myocardial cells undergoing hypoxia/deoxygenation (H/R) injury. Methods: In order to observe whether H/R-treatment could cause pyroptosis, H9c2 cells were divided into 2 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group(without H/R-treatment) and H/R group (in which the H9c2 cells were underwent H/R-treatment). In order to clarify the role of pyroptosis in H/R-injury, H9c2 cells were divided into 4 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group(in which the H9c2 cells were cultivated with normal medium); YVAD group(in which the H9c2 cells were pretreated with z-Val-Ala-Asp(Ome)-fluoromethylketone (Z-YVAD-FMK) 20 μm for 4 hours, then replaced with normal medium); H/R group(H9c2 cells underwent H/R-treatment); YVAD+H/R group (in which the H9c2 cells were pretreated with 20 μm Z-YVAD-FMK for 4 hours before H/R-treatment). To determine whether H/R-induced cell pyroptosis is associated with NLRP3, H9c2 cells were divided into 4 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group (in which cells were transfected with a control nonspecific siRNA); si-NLRP3 group (in which cells were transfected with NLRP3-targeting siRNA); H/R group(in which cells were transfected with a control nonspecific siRNA before H/R-treatment); si-NLRP3+H/R group(in which the H9c2 cells were transfected with NLRP3-targeting siRNA before H/R-treatment). Pore formation on cell membrane was detected by propidium iodide (PI) staining. Cell viability was detected by CCK8 reagent. The protein expression of Caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and NLRP3 was detected by Western blot. Results: (1) The positive rate of PI staining ((26.46±5.15)% vs. (1.69±0.73)%,P<0.01), expression of NLRP3 (0.57±0.16 vs. 0.23±0.06,P<0.01), expression of Caspase-1 (1.07±0.13 vs. 0.37±0.08,P<0.01), and expression of IL-1β (0.38±0.08 vs. 0.16±0.05,P<0.01) were significantly higher in H/R group than in control group. (2)The cell vitality was significantly higher in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group ((87.31±9.05)% vs. (73.30±7.19)%, P<0.05).The positive rate of PI staining was significantly decreased in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group ((18.12±4.36)% vs. (26.45±4.60)%, P<0.05). The expression of Caspase-1 (0.72±0.12 vs. 1.07±0.15, P<0.05) and IL-1β(0.29±0.07 vs. 0.39±0.06, P<0.05) were significantly lower in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group. (3) The cell vitality was significantly increased in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group ((85.46±7.71)% vs. (72.41±5.53)%, P<0.05). The positive rate of PI staining was significantly lower in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group ((18.22±4.20)% vs. (26.73±3.26)%, P<0.05). The expression of Caspase-1(0.87±0.07 vs. 1.15±0.15, P<0.05) and IL-1β(0.41±0.07 vs. 0.58±0.10, P<0.05) were significantly decreased in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group. Conclusion: NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis is involved in H/R injury of myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Yue
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - S Z Lu
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - J Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - H Liang
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - D Qin
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - X L Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - H X Hu
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - C Y Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Chen B, Wang XB, Li YL, Yang Q, Li JS. Energy-induced mercury emissions in global supply chain networks: Structural characteristics and policy implications. Sci Total Environ 2019; 670:87-97. [PMID: 30903907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mercury emission flows in the global supply chains have evolved into an ever-increasing complex network. However, the underlying structural features remain unknown. Therefore, the global embodied mercury flow network was constructed to reveal the characteristics of energy-induced mercury emissions embodied in international trade at both national and sectoral scales. The small-world nature of the global mercury flows network was identified at both scales. Results showed that the global mercury flow network can be divided into 4 national communities, within which the spillover effects of the interventions in one region spread more easily. Detecting the mercury-intensive supply-chain clusters highlights the importance of monitoring these clusters that dominate mercury emissions in global supply chains, which could offer insights on where policy can be implemented effectively. Moreover, vital regions (e.g., mainland China, the USA, and Germany) and sectors (e.g., Petroleum, Chemical and Non-Metallic Mineral Products, Metal Products and Electrical and Machinery in mainland China) for global mercury control have been unveiled by using an integrated centrality measurement system. Our results highlight that, for the overall mercury reduction, regional and even global collaboration should be enhanced along with efforts in individual regions, and enterprises in these important sectors should invest more to green their cluster-wise supply chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chen
- Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Sustainability Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - X B Wang
- Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Y L Li
- Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Sustainability Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Q Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - J S Li
- Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
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Wang JQ, Liu H, Wang XB, Zhang YQ, Wang SQ, Shi YQ, Zhang M, Zhao XH. [A preliminary study on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain after anterior cruciate ligament preservation reconstruction with autologous tendon]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1479-1483. [PMID: 31137138 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.19.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To preliminarily study on the possible mechanism of cerebral cortical dysfunction pattern after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) preservation reconstruction with autologous tendon through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: From June 2015 to February 2019, 18 patients (10 males and 8 females with an average age of (36±10) years) with left anterior cruciate ligament rupture and treated with arthroscopic preservation reconstruction with autologous tendon were enrolled in this study, and 17 comparable healthy controls were included in Tongji Hospital of Tongji University. fMRI was performed after the postoperative period (2 to 12 weeks). The fMRI data were preprocessed by SPM8 software package and RESTplus software. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in those two groups were calculated. Two-sample t-test was performed on ALFF and fALFF of the two groups, and multiple test corrections were performed by using AlphaSim. These methods were used for contrast studies on the characteristic activities of the brain dysfunction. Results: Compared with those in the control, ALFF in the central cingulate gyrus (cingulum_mid_bilateral), involving the auxiliary movement zone (supp_motor_ area) were significantly higher in the patients (P<0.01 before correction, P<0.05 after AlphaSim correction). The fALFF in activation cluster 1 was significantly higher in the right central gyrus (postcentral_R), the right lower lobule (parietal_inf_R), and the right upper margin (supramarginal_R) in the patients than that in the normal control group, respectively (P<0.01 before correction, P<0.05 after AlphaSim correction); the fALFF in activation cluster 2 in the right central cingulate gyrus (cingulum_mid_R), involving the right auxiliary movement zone (supp_motor_area_R) was significantly higher in the patients than that in the normal control group, respectively (P<0.01 before correction, P<0.05 after AlphaSim correction). Conclusion: The patients' cerebrum cortical function associated with the kinesthesis and their regulations are abnormally changed after anterior cruciate ligament preservation reconstruction with autologous tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Y Q Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - S Q Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Y Q Shi
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - X H Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Li Z, Liu XM, Li AY, Du XX, Wang XB, Liu JX, Wang ZG, Zhang QQ, Yu HY. [Teleost Type 2 Interleukin-1 Receptor (IL-1R2) from the Spotted Halibut (Verasper variegatus): 3D Structure and a Role in Immune Response]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2019; 53:290-302. [PMID: 31099779 DOI: 10.1134/s0026898419020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The type 2 interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R2) is one of natural IL-1β singling inhibitors in mammals. We cloned and sequenced the IL-1R2 gene in V. variegatus (VvIL-1R2). The phylogenetic analysis showed that the molecular structure VvIL-1R2 is similar to that of its orthologues in other vertebrates. The expression levels of VvIL-1R2 are relatively high in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), gill, and spleen. In addition, peculiar expression patterns for his molecule were detected at various developmental stages, implying that in flatfishes the IL-1R2 may have be important for embryonic development and metamorphosis. In PBLs, the treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) induced a significant and rapid up-regulation of VvIL-1R2, pointing at its involvement in the immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264002 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China.,
| | - X M Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - A Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - X X Du
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - X B Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - J X Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - Z G Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - Q Q Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China
| | - H Y Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 P. R. China.,
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Xie HB, Li Y, Jiang C, Cai WQ, Yin J, Ren JG, Wang XB, Liao SK, Peng CZ. Optically injected intensity-stable pulse source for secure quantum key distribution. Opt Express 2019; 27:12231-12240. [PMID: 31052767 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.012231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The security of decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) highly depends on the accurate control of multiple intensity states. Although several theoretical studies on the QKD with loosely controlled source intensities have been proposed, there is still a large gap between the experimental realization and the theoretical analysis. In this paper, we adopt the gain-switching method to generate short optical pulses, and the corresponding intensity stabilities are quantitatively measured. The method via optical injection is proposed to make effective reductions of the intensity fluctuations from 6.47%∼1.59% to 1.95%∼1.15% at different optical powers. QKD performance adopting the experimental results is also analyzed and discussed. For a typical 40 dB high-attenuation QKD system, the relative increase on the secure key rates reaches 51.89% for the corresponding intensity fluctuations of 1.15% with optical injection and 1.59% without optical injection. The presented intensity-stable optical pulse source can find wide applications in different QKD protocols, such as BB84, DPS, COW, etc.
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Tian RH, Chen HX, Zhao LY, Yang C, Li P, Wan Z, Huang YH, Zhi EL, Liu NC, Yao CC, Wang XB, Xue YJ, Gong YH, Hong Y, Li Z. [Efficacy and safety study of microsurgical varicocelectomy in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia with varicocele]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 98:3737-3740. [PMID: 30541213 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.46.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss the efficacy and safety of subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) with varicocele. Methods: The clinical data of 141 patients with NOA and varicocele who underwent subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy from March 2015 to June 2017 in Shanghai General Hospital was collected.One hundred and ten patients suffered from varicocele on the left side, 1 on the right side, and the rest (30 cases) were bilateral varicocele. Grade Ⅰ varicocele were found on 7 sides (the right and left side was count respectively), grade Ⅱ on 121 sides, and grade Ⅲ on 43 sides. Sperm analysis, pregnancy rate and complications were recorded after at least 6 months since operation. Results: Eleven cases were lost during the follow-up. Eighteen of the remaining 130 NOA patients processed successful sperm retrieval in post-operative semen analysis (18/130, 13.8%). Six couples(6/130, 4.6%) succeeded in natural pregnancy. Five couples (5/130, 3.8%)underwent successful pregnancy following with intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI). Twenty-six out of the remaining 112 patients underwent the micro dissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE), and 4 patients got a successful sperm retrieval (4/26, 15.4%). Among them, 2 couples had successful pregnancy with ICSI. Totally 2 cases of postoperative infection of incision were found. Conclusions: Microsurgical varicocelectomy had a beneficial effect on sperm quality of patients suffered from NOA with varicocele to some extent, even leading to unassisted pregnancy or avoiding micro-TESE before ICSI. Microsurgical varicocelectomy could be applied in the treatment of NOA with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Tian
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
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Abstract
Recently, the twin field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) protocols have been investigated extensively. In particular, an efficient protocol for TF-QKD with sending or not sending the coherent state has been given in. Here in this paper, we present results of practical sending-or-not-sending (SNS) twin field quantum key distribution. In real-life implementations, we need consider the following three requirements, a few different intensities rather than infinite number of different intensities, a phase slice of appropriate size rather than infinitely small size and the statistical fluctuations. We first show the decoy-state method with only a few different intensities and a phase slice of appropriate size. We then give a statistical fluctuation analysis for the decoy-state method. Numerical simulation shows that, the performance of our method is comparable to the asymptotic case for which the key size is large enough. Our method can beat the PLOB bound on secret key capacity. Our results show that practical implementations of the SNS quantum key distribution can be both secure and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Academy of Information and Communication Technology, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Hong LC, Wang XB, Wei YZ, Hu G, Wu SH, Cheng JQ. [A study on the burden and causes of hospitalization and deaths in Shenzhen, between 1995 and 2014]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:1309-1313. [PMID: 30453428 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Data from the surveillance program was collected, to analyze the situation of hospitalization and cases of death with recorded causes, in Shenzhen, from 1995 to 2014. Situation of hospitalization and causes of deaths were studied in Shenzhen which had been a fast-developing city with growing number of immigrants so as to provide reference for decision-making on related prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data on hospitalizations and deaths collected from the surveillance program, were classified by both International Classification of Diseases (ICD)- 9 and ICD-10. A database was constructed with methods on related descriptive and trend analysis. Results: Around 6.3 million inpatients were seen in the past two decades in Shenzhen. The top five diseases for hospitalization were pregnancy childbirth and puerperium complications, respiratory diseases, injury and poisoning, digestive system diseases and circulatory system diseases, that accounting for 68.4% of all the hospitalization burden. The number of inpatients increased annually, with an 11 times increase during the past two decades. Proportions for pregnancy childbirth and puerperium complications, circulatory system diseases and urinary system diseases all showed increasing (χ(2)=53 806.94, 6 893.95 and 15 383.14, P<0.01), while proportions for injuries and poisoning, respiratory diseases, digestive system diseases showed a declining trend (χ(2)=131 480.09,1 711.84 and 11 367.66, P<0.01). Number of cumulative inpatient deaths exceeded 60 000, with the top five causes as malignant tumor, circulatory system diseases, injury and poisoning, respiratory system diseases and digestive system diseases, that accounting for 82.28% of all the inpatient deaths. Deaths due to circulatory system diseases, injury and poisoning increased and then decreased. Malignant tumor and respiratory diseases-induced deaths showed an increasing trend (χ(2)=1 546.48, 309.55, P<0.01), while induced deaths from disease of the other systems showed slight changes. The overall case fatality rate showed an annual decline (χ(2)=4 378.63, P<0.01), from 2.23% in 1995 to 0.74% in 2014, with mortality attribute to tumor, circulatory system disease decreased significantly. Conclusions: Shenzhen had been under an ageing transition, with relatively young population living in the city. Chronic diseases such as tumor gradually had become the major causes for heavy hospitalization burden on the population of Shenzhen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L C Hong
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X B Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Z Wei
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - G Hu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S H Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J Q Cheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Chen JL, Yang X, Zhang Q, Sun L, Liu Y, Zhu BB, Wang XB. [Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid with traditional Chinese medicine on biochemical response in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: a real-world cohort study]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26:909-915. [PMID: 30669783 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine on biochemical response in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Methods: According to the method of receiving treatment, 197 patients with primary biliary cholangitis were divided into Traditional Chinese Medicine plus Western medicine group (93 cases, 47.2%) and Western medicine group (104 cases, 52.8%). From the baseline date, the combined group was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid plus traditional Chinese medicine decoction or Chinese patent medicine for at least one month and the Western medicine group simply took ursodeoxycholic acid . Additionally, Traditional Chinese medicine decoction prescriptions were mainly Xiaoyaosan and Yinchenhao. Chinese patent medicine were restricted to Biejia Ruangan tablets, Fuzheng Huayu capsules, Jiuweigantai capsules and Yinzhihuang capsules, which were used to treat liver fibrosis and cholestasis. The primary efficacy endpoint was defined as ALP level < 1.67 × ULN and ≥ 15% decrease in ALP with baseline level and TBIL≤ULN after 12 months of treatment. Results: The overall biochemical response rate of patients was 35.0% (69/197). The response rate of TCM+ Western medicine group was 43.0% (40/93), and that of Western medicine group was 27.9% (29/104). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ(2) = 4.936, P < 0.05). Further analysis showed that the Chinese and Western medicine group was superior to the Western medicine group alone in reducing γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and TBiL [the median decline were GGT: 160.1 U/L and 111.3 U/L (Z = -2.474, P < 0.05), TBiL: 5.2 umol/l and 3.1 umol/l (Z = -2.125, P < 0.05)]. Conclusion: UDCA combined with TCM therapy can remarkably improve the biochemical response rate in patients with PBC and distinctly decrease the TBIL and GGT levels than UDCA monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Chen
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - X Yang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Y Liu
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - B B Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - X B Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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33
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Hu XL, Cao Y, Yu ZW, Wang XB. Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over asymmetric channel and unstable channel. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17634. [PMID: 30518943 PMCID: PMC6281621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that a high key rate of Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (MDIQKD) over asymmetric and unstable quantum channel can be obtained by full optimization and compensation. Employing a gradient optimization method, we make the full optimization taking both the global optimization for the 12 independent parameters and the joint constraints for statistical fluctuations. We present a loss-compensation method by monitoring the channel loss for an unstable channel. The numerical simulation shows that the method can produce high key rate for both the asymmetric channel and the unstable channel. Compared with the existing results of independent constraints, our result here improves the key rate by 1 to tens of times in typical experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cao
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Center for Exellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai, 201315, China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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34
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Li A, Zhou Y, Wang XB. Author Correction: Cascaded Kerr photon-blockade sources and applications in quantum key distribution. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6121. [PMID: 29651123 PMCID: PMC5897337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23428-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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35
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Zhang P, Du HB, Tong GD, Li XK, Sun XH, Chi XL, Xing YF, Zhou ZH, Li Q, Chen B, Wang H, Wang L, Jin H, Mao DW, Wang XB, Wu QK, Li FP, Hu XY, Lu BJ, Yang ZY, Zhang MX, Shi WB, He Q, Li Y, Jiang KP, Xue JD, Li XD, Jiang JM, Lu W, Tian GJ, Hu ZB, Guo JC, Li CZ, Deng X, Luo XL, Li FY, Zhang XW, Zheng YJ, Zhao G, Wang LC, Wu JH, Guo H, Mi YQ, Gong ZJ, Wang CB, Jiang F, Guo P, Yang XZ, Shi WQ, Yang HZ, Zhou Y, Sun NN, Jiao YT, Gao YQ, Zhou DQ, Ye YA. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen correlates with fibrosis and necroinflammation: A multicentre perspective in China. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1017-1025. [PMID: 29624802 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been studied, but the factors affecting them remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the factors affecting HBsAg titres, using data from multicentre, large-sized clinical trials in China. The baseline data of 1795 patients in 3 multicentre trials were studied, and the patients were classified into 3 groups: hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic HBV infection (n = 588), HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (n = 596), and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (n = 611). HBsAg titres in the different phases were compared, and multiple linear progression analyses were performed to investigate the implicated factors. HBsAg titres varied significantly in different phases (P = .000), with the highest (4.60 log10 IU/mL [10%-90% confidence interval: 3.52 log10 IU/mL-4.99 log10 IU/mL]) in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection. In all phases, age and HBV DNA were correlated with serum HBsAg level. In HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients, a negative correlation between HBsAg titres and fibrosis stage was observed. Alanine amonitransferase or necroinflammatory activity was also correlated with HBsAg titres in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients. In conclusion, decreased HBsAg titres may be associated with advancing fibrosis in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients or increased necroinflammation in those with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Our findings may help clinicians better understand the kinetics of HBsAg and provide useful insights into the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - H B Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - G D Tong
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - X K Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - X H Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X L Chi
- Department of Hepatology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y F Xing
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z H Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Li
- The Fourth Ward, Fuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - B Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Chengdu Infectious Disease Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - H Jin
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - D W Mao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Q K Wu
- The First Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen No. 3 People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - F P Li
- Department of Hepatology, Shanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, China
| | - X Y Hu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - B J Lu
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Z Y Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - M X Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Liver Diseases, Shenyang Infectious Disease Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - W B Shi
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Q He
- The First Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen No. 3 People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - K P Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J D Xue
- Department of Hepatology, Shanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, China
| | - X D Li
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - J M Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - W Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Infectious Disease Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - G J Tian
- Department of Hepatology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z B Hu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - J C Guo
- Department of Hepatology, Hangzhou No. 6 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - C Z Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - X Deng
- Department of Hepatology, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - X L Luo
- Department of Hepatology, Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - F Y Li
- Treatment and Research Center of Infectious Disease, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - X W Zhang
- Treatment and Research Center of Infectious Disease, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Y J Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - G Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L C Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease, Huaxi Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - J H Wu
- Center of Hepatology, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Q Mi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianjin Infectious Disease Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Z J Gong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hubei People's Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - C B Wang
- The Fourth Department of Infectious Disease, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - F Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - P Guo
- Department of Hepatology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - X Z Yang
- Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - W Q Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Xinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Z Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - N N Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Y T Jiao
- Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Y Q Gao
- Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Q Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y A Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of liver disease, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
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36
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Liu MH, Zhou F, Wang XB, Chen LP, Li GZ, Zhao Q. [Follow-up study of 116 cases of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in the treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26:596-600. [PMID: 30317791 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the incidence rate of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) complications in the treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension, and analyze the cause of complication to management methods. Methods: Data of 116 patients obtained from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were retrospectively analyzed. Portal venous pressure, routine blood test, coagulation test, liver and kidney function test, ammonia blood test, imaging and endoscopy reports were collected before and after procedure. The incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites and shunt dysfunctions were observed. Data were expressed as mean ± Standard deviation and analyzed by t-test. A chi-squared test was used for comparison between categorical variables. Results: The success rate of TIPS operation was 97.41% (113/116). Two patients underwent prompt TIPS procedure due to active bleeding. Bleeding was successfully stopped. Portal venous pressure of 113 patients decreased from (42.73 ± 7.64) cmH(2)O to (24.92 ± 7.60) cmH(2)O, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Twenty cases were of hepatic encephalopathy. Preoperative level of Child-pugh class C patients was more susceptible to hepatic encephalopathy within 3 months after procedure than class A and B. After TIPS procedure, there were 22 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding, 18 cases of shunt dysfunctions and 26 cases of disease related death. Conclusion: Rational patient selection strategies can effectively reduce portal venous pressure, incidence of hepatic encephalopathy, improve mid-and long-term therapeutic effects, and provide opportunities for liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
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37
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Abstract
Objective: To deeply investigate the gene expression profiles of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the relationship of gene expression levels with prognosis from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Methods: RNA-seq V2 data of 11 normal samples and 81 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, and their corresponding clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differentially expressed genes between normal and tumor samples were identified by using edgeR package. Gene function enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes were conducted. A protein-protein interaction network based on differentially expressed genes was constructed by using STRING database and the hub genes were identified based on the created gene co-expression network. In addition, survival analysis was performed. Results: Totally, 2 788 genes were identified as differential expression. Among these, 1 168 genes were up-regulated and 1 620 genes were down-regulated in tumor cases compared with normal samples. Up-regulated genes were enriched in cell cycle, DNA replication and mismatch repair pathways, while down-regulated genes were enriched in metabolic pathways. 707 genes and their 3 428 interactions were identified by protein-protein interaction analysis. Genes with copy number amplifications were considered to interact with other crucial genes. 10 co-expression modules were identified based on the gene co-expression network analysis and the ribosomal protein genes were illustrated to be correlated with tumor locations of ESCC patients (P=0.003). The 3-years survival rates of high and low expression of TNFRSF10B groups were 82.5% and 15.1%, respectively. Similarly, the 3-years survival rates of high and low expression of DDX18 groups were 82.4% and 15.2%, respectively. The survival differences stratified by these two genes were statistically significant (both P<0.1). Conclusions: The analysis results of TCGA database showed that ribosomal protein genes are correlated with tumor locations of ESCC patients. Low expressions of TNFRSF10B and DDX18 are associated with poor prognose of ESCC patients. Consequently, TNFRSF10B and DDX18 may serve as predictive markers for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y He
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X B Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y C Jiao
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Lonardoni D, Carlson J, Gandolfi S, Lynn JE, Schmidt KE, Schwenk A, Wang XB. Properties of Nuclei up to A=16 using Local Chiral Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:122502. [PMID: 29694099 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report accurate quantum Monte Carlo calculations of nuclei up to A=16 based on local chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions up to next-to-next-to-leading order. We examine the theoretical uncertainties associated with the chiral expansion and the cutoff in the theory, as well as the associated operator choices in the three-nucleon interactions. While in light nuclei the cutoff variation and systematic uncertainties are rather small, in ^{16}O these can be significant for large coordinate-space cutoffs. Overall, we show that chiral interactions constructed to reproduce properties of very light systems and nucleon-nucleon scattering give an excellent description of binding energies, charge radii, and form factors for all these nuclei, including open-shell systems in A=6 and 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lonardoni
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Carlson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Gandolfi
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J E Lynn
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K E Schmidt
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - A Schwenk
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X B Wang
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
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Wang XB, Wang CN, Zhang YC, Liu TT, Lv JP, Shen X, Guo MR. Effects of gamma radiation on microbial, physicochemical, and structural properties of whey protein model system. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4879-4890. [PMID: 29573795 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gamma radiation has been used in food processing for many years, though it has certain effects on food components. Whey protein solutions (10%/30%, wt/vol) were treated with gamma radiation at various dosages (10-25 kGy) and evaluated for microbial changes in the solutions and physicochemical and structural changes of whey proteins. Whey protein solutions after gamma radiation showed substantially lower populations of all viable microorganisms than those of controls. The 10% whey protein solution treated at radiation of 20 or 25 kGy remained sterile for up to 4 wk at room temperature. Gamma radiation increased viscosity and turbidity and decreased soluble nitrogen of whey protein solutions compared to nonradiated control samples regardless of radiation dosage. Nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE suggested that whey proteins under gamma radiation treatment formed aggregates with high molecular weights. Reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE showed that disulfide bonds played a role in gamma radiation-induced whey protein cross-linking. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy micrographs exhibited large aggregates of whey proteins after gamma radiation treatment. Results suggested that gamma radiation could be applied to whey protein solution for purposes of reducing microbial counts and cross-linking protein molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - C N Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Y C Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington 05405
| | - T T Liu
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington 05405
| | - J P Lv
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - M R Guo
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
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40
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Liao SK, Cai WQ, Handsteiner J, Liu B, Yin J, Zhang L, Rauch D, Fink M, Ren JG, Liu WY, Li Y, Shen Q, Cao Y, Li FZ, Wang JF, Huang YM, Deng L, Xi T, Ma L, Hu T, Li L, Liu NL, Koidl F, Wang P, Chen YA, Wang XB, Steindorfer M, Kirchner G, Lu CY, Shu R, Ursin R, Scheidl T, Peng CZ, Wang JY, Zeilinger A, Pan JW. Satellite-Relayed Intercontinental Quantum Network. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:030501. [PMID: 29400544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We perform decoy-state quantum key distribution between a low-Earth-orbit satellite and multiple ground stations located in Xinglong, Nanshan, and Graz, which establish satellite-to-ground secure keys with ∼kHz rate per passage of the satellite Micius over a ground station. The satellite thus establishes a secure key between itself and, say, Xinglong, and another key between itself and, say, Graz. Then, upon request from the ground command, Micius acts as a trusted relay. It performs bitwise exclusive or operations between the two keys and relays the result to one of the ground stations. That way, a secret key is created between China and Europe at locations separated by 7600 km on Earth. These keys are then used for intercontinental quantum-secured communication. This was, on the one hand, the transmission of images in a one-time pad configuration from China to Austria as well as from Austria to China. Also, a video conference was performed between the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which also included a 280 km optical ground connection between Xinglong and Beijing. Our work clearly confirms the Micius satellite as a robust platform for quantum key distribution with different ground stations on Earth, and points towards an efficient solution for an ultralong-distance global quantum network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Liao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Johannes Handsteiner
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- School of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Dominik Rauch
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Matthias Fink
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Ji-Gang Ren
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wei-Yue Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Feng Wang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yong-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Tai Hu
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Nai-Le Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Franz Koidl
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz 8042, Austria
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz 8042, Austria
| | - Yu-Ao Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | | | - Georg Kirchner
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz 8042, Austria
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Rupert Ursin
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Thomas Scheidl
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Cheng-Zhi Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Yu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Anton Zeilinger
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
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41
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Hayes AC, Jungman G, McCutchan EA, Sonzogni AA, Garvey GT, Wang XB. Analysis of the Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Flux Changes with Fuel Burnup. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:022503. [PMID: 29376701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.022503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the recent Daya Bay results on the changes in the antineutrino flux and spectrum with the burnup of the reactor fuel. We find that the discrepancy between current model predictions and the Daya Bay results can be traced to the original measured ^{235}U/^{239}Pu ratio of the fission β spectra that were used as a base for the expected antineutrino fluxes. An analysis of the antineutrino spectra that is based on a summation over all fission fragment β decays, using nuclear database input, explains all of the features seen in the Daya Bay evolution data. However, this summation method still allows for an anomaly. We conclude that there is currently not enough information to use the antineutrino flux changes to rule out the possible existence of sterile neutrinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Hayes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Gerard Jungman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E A McCutchan
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 817, Upton, New York 1197e-500, USA
| | - A A Sonzogni
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 817, Upton, New York 1197e-500, USA
| | - G T Garvey
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - X B Wang
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
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42
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Wang XB, Cheng L, Wu Y, Zhu DP, Wang L, Zhu JX, Yang H, Chia EEM. Topological-insulator-based terahertz modulator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13486. [PMID: 29044164 PMCID: PMC5647436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dimensional topological insulators, as a new phase of quantum matters, are characterized by an insulating gap in the bulk and a metallic state on the surface. Particularly, most of the topological insulators have narrow band gaps, and hence have promising applications in the area of terahertz optoelectronics. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate an electronically-tunable terahertz intensity modulator based on Bi1:5Sb0:5Te1:8Se1:2 single crystal, one of the most insulating topological insulators. A relative frequency-independent modulation depth of ~62% over a wide frequency range from 0.3 to 1.4 THz has been achieved at room temperature, by applying a bias current of 100 mA. The modulation in the low current regime can be further enhanced at low temperature. We propose that the extraordinarily large modulation is a consequence of thermally-activated carrier absorption in the semiconducting bulk states. Our work provides a new application of topological insulators for terahertz technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - L Cheng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - D P Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - L Wang
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Elbert E M Chia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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43
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Wang SZ, Wang XB, Li M, Shen RX, Rong H, Li JS. [Application of three-dimensional visualization in pancreatic tumor: a pilot study]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:760-764. [PMID: 29050177 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the value of three-dimensional(3D) visualization in the diagnosis and surgical treatment for pancreatic tumor. Methods: From June to September 2016, 26 patients with pancreatic tumors in Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University were involved. The study included 26 patients(8 females and 18 males) with mean age of (57±12)years (ranging from 23 to 77 years). And there were 20 malignant tumors and 6 benign tumors. All of them were examined with abdominal thin slice CT scanning and the CT images were imported into 3D visualization system for 3D visualization. The main elements examined by 3D visualization included tumor shape, size, and location; distribution and morphology of the peripancreatic lymph node; the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels. Results: Among the 26 patients, there were 21 cases with pancreatic cancer, of which 15 cases successfully underwent standard pancreatectomy. All patients were operated underwent accurate assessment. The 3D model demonstrated the origination and bifurcations of blood vessels, and the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels efficiently. The 3D technique could facilitate to evaluate response of neiadjuvant chemotherapy in the pancreatic cancer patients (n=5).3D reconstruction could detect the lymph-node metastases accurately (n=12) in patients with pancreatic cancer. 3D reconstruction were applied to evaluate the the size and range of tumor on 5 cases. Conclusions: 3D reconstruction allows stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures.The 3D technique could facilitate to evaluate distribution and morphology of the peripancreatic lymph node, and to evaluate the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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44
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Liu HM, Gao FY, Yu H, Meng PP, Jiang YY, Wang XB. [Screening of serum biomarkers by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 24:580-584. [PMID: 27788704 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the screening of serum biomarkers in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). Methods: Gel electrophoresis was used to isolate and remove high-abundant proteins. Each group of peptides was labeled by the iTRAQ reagents and then tested with an UltiMateTM 3000 nanoliter high-performance liquid chromatograph, and a Q-Exactive tandem mass spectrometer. The Protein Discovery software was used to analyze mass spectrometry data and perform bioinformatic analysis for differentially expressed proteins. Results: Ten samples each were included in the HBV-ACLF group and the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) group, and six samples each were included in the HBV-ACLF survival group and the HBV-ACLF death group. Compared with the CHB group, the HBV-ACLF group had 43 differentially expressed proteins, among which 34 were downregulated and 9 were upregulated. Compared with the HBV-ACLF survival group, the HBV-ACLF death group had 33 differentially expressed proteins, among which 18 were upregulated and 15 were downregulated. Conclusion: Keratin,α1-acid glycoprotein, and zinc-α2-glycoprotein identified in the serum may be used as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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45
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Liao SK, Cai WQ, Liu WY, Zhang L, Li Y, Ren JG, Yin J, Shen Q, Cao Y, Li ZP, Li FZ, Chen XW, Sun LH, Jia JJ, Wu JC, Jiang XJ, Wang JF, Huang YM, Wang Q, Zhou YL, Deng L, Xi T, Ma L, Hu T, Zhang Q, Chen YA, Liu NL, Wang XB, Zhu ZC, Lu CY, Shu R, Peng CZ, Wang JY, Pan JW. Satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution. Nature 2017; 549:43-47. [PMID: 28825707 DOI: 10.1038/nature23655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses individual light quanta in quantum superposition states to guarantee unconditional communication security between distant parties. However, the distance over which QKD is achievable has been limited to a few hundred kilometres, owing to the channel loss that occurs when using optical fibres or terrestrial free space that exponentially reduces the photon transmission rate. Satellite-based QKD has the potential to help to establish a global-scale quantum network, owing to the negligible photon loss and decoherence experienced in empty space. Here we report the development and launch of a low-Earth-orbit satellite for implementing decoy-state QKD-a form of QKD that uses weak coherent pulses at high channel loss and is secure because photon-number-splitting eavesdropping can be detected. We achieve a kilohertz key rate from the satellite to the ground over a distance of up to 1,200 kilometres. This key rate is around 20 orders of magnitudes greater than that expected using an optical fibre of the same length. The establishment of a reliable and efficient space-to-ground link for quantum-state transmission paves the way to global-scale quantum networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Liao
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wei-Yue Liu
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Ji-Gang Ren
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Zheng-Ping Li
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Li
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xia-Wei Chen
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Li-Hua Sun
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Jun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Jin-Cai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Jiang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jian-Feng Wang
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yong-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi'an Satellite Control Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Tai Hu
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yu-Ao Chen
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Nai-Le Liu
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Zhen-Cai Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Peng
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Yu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronic Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Department of Modern Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China
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Abstract
To raise the repetition rate, a single-photon source based on Kerr quantum blockade in a cascaded quantum system is studied. Using the quantum trajectory method, we calculate and simulate the photon number distributions out of a two-cavity system. A high quality single-photon source can be achieved through optimizing parameters. The designed photon source is further applied to the decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD). With and without statistical fluctuation, the key rate can be both raised drastically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yiheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Shandong Academy of Information and Communication Technology, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Sun ZM, Liu HL, Wu Y, Geng LQ, Zheng CC, Tang BL, Zhu XY, Tong J, Wang XB, Ding KY, Wan X, Zhang L, Yao W, Zhang XH, Han YS, Yang HZ, Liu X, Zhu WW, Wu JS, Wang ZY. [Comparison of intensified myeloablative conditioning regime without antithymocytic globulin (ATG) with myeloablative conditioning regime for single-unit unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in hematological malignancies]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 96:2214-9. [PMID: 27480651 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.28.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To campare the effect and tolerance beween intensified myeloablative conditioning regime (IMCR) without antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and myeloablative conditioning regime (MCR) for single-unit unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (sUCBT) in hematological malignancies. METHODS The clinical data of 190 patients with hematological malignancies undergoing sUCBT between April 2000 and December 2013 at Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, of whom 156 received IMCR without ATG (IMCR group), including 79 patient receiving total body irradiation (TBI)/cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C)/cyclophosphamide (CY) regime, 47 receiving fludarabine (Flu)/busulfan (Bu)/CY regime, and 30 receiving Ara-C/Bu/CY regime, and all of the 156 received a combination of cyclosporine A (CsA) and mycophelonate mofetil (MMF) for the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD); the remaining 34 patients received MCR (MCR group), 30 patients receiving Bu/CY regime, and 4 receiving TBI/CY regime, all using CsA/MMF±ATG or methotrexate (MTX) for the prophylaxis of GVHD. The two groups were compared in disease status at the time of transplantation, characteristics of graft, transplantation effect, and transplantation-related complications. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, disease type, human leukocyte antigen match, ABO blood type match, and disease status at the time of transplantation (all P>0.05). The median age and body weight at transplantation in the IMCR group were significantly higher than those in the MCR group (13 years vs 9 years, P=0.003; 44 kg vs 26 kg, P=0.000). The median doses of infused total nucleated cells (×10(7)/kg) and CD34(+) cells (×10(5)/kg) in the IMCR group were significantly lower than in the MCR group (3.87 vs 4.99, P=0.002; 2.00 vs 3.17, P=0.000). The cumulative incidence of myeloid engraftment on the 42th day and platelet engraftment on the 120th day in the IMCR group were remarkably higher than in the MCR group [96.33%(95%CI: 96.27%-96.39%)vs 82.30%(95%CI: 80.67%-83.93%), P=0.000; 86.44%(95%CI: 86.28%-86.60%)vs 51.17%(95%CI: 49.02%-53.32%), P=0.002]. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of grade Ⅱ to Ⅳ acute GVHD, grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ acute GVHD, and 2-year chronic GVHD(P=0.482, 0.928, 0.579). The incidence of pre-engraftment syndrome in the IMCR group was higher than in the MCR group(82.70% vs 47.06%, P=0.000). And 180-day transplantation-related mortality (TRM) in the IMCR group was lower than that in the MCR group [20.50%(95%CI: 20.28%-20.71%)vs 42.20% (95%CI: 41.32%-45.09%), P=0.004]. Up to October 2015, with a median follow-up of 44.2(22.7-188.9)months, the estimated 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival in the IMCR group were both significantly higher than those in the MCR group (62.90% vs 34.10%, P=0.000; 58.60% vs 34.10%, P=0.001). CONCLUSION IMCR without ATG may improve the engraftment without increasing complications, reduce early transplantation-related mortality, and improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Sun
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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Li PZ, Cao DD, Liu XB, Wang YJ, Yu HY, Li XJ, Zhang QQ, Wang XB. Karyotype analysis and ribosomal gene localization of spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr-15-04-gmr.15049159. [PMID: 28081279 DOI: 10.4238/gmr15049159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus, is an important aquaculture fish species in China. To better understand the chromosomal microstructure and the karyotypic origin of this species, cytogenetic analysis was performed using Giemsa staining to identify metaphase chromosomes, C-banding to detect C-positive heterochromatin, silver staining to identify the nucleolus organizer regions (Ag-NORs), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for physical mapping of the major (18S rDNA) and minor (5S rDNA) ribosomal genes. The species showed a karyotype of 2n = 48 for females, composed of 2 submetacentric and 46 telocentric chromosomes, with a fundamental number (FN) = 50, while the karyotype of males was 2n = 47, composed of 1 exclusive large metacentric, 2 submetacentric, and 44 telocentric chromosomes, with FN = 50. These karyotype results suggest that O. punctatus might have an X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y multiple sex chromosome system. C-positive heterochromatin was distributed in the centromeres of all chromosomal pairs and in the terminal portions of some chromosomes. A single pair of Ag-positive NORs was found to be localized at the terminal regions of the short arms of the subtelocentric chromosome pair, which was supported by FISH of 18S rDNA. After FISH, 5S rDNA were located on the interstitial regions of the smallest telocentric chromosome pair. This study was the first to identify the karyotype of this species and will facilitate further research on karyotype evolution in the order Perciformes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Z Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - D D Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - X B Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Y J Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - H Y Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - X J Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Q Q Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - X B Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
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Yin HL, Chen TY, Yu ZW, Liu H, You LX, Zhou YH, Chen SJ, Mao Y, Huang MQ, Zhang WJ, Chen H, Li MJ, Nolan D, Zhou F, Jiang X, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Wang XB, Pan JW. Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Over a 404 km Optical Fiber. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:190501. [PMID: 27858431 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.190501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDIQKD) with the decoy-state method negates security threats of both the imperfect single-photon source and detection losses. Lengthening the distance and improving the key rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) are vital issues in practical applications of QKD. Herein, we report the results of MDIQKD over 404 km of ultralow-loss optical fiber and 311 km of a standard optical fiber while employing an optimized four-intensity decoy-state method. This record-breaking implementation of the MDIQKD method not only provides a new distance record for both MDIQKD and all types of QKD systems but also, more significantly, achieves a distance that the traditional Bennett-Brassard 1984 QKD would not be able to achieve with the same detection devices even with ideal single-photon sources. This work represents a significant step toward proving and developing feasible long-distance QKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Lei Yin
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Teng-Yun Chen
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zong-Wen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li-Xing You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yi-Heng Zhou
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Si-Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yingqiu Mao
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ming-Qi Huang
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
| | - Ming Jun Li
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
| | - Daniel Nolan
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York 14831, USA
| | - Fei Zhou
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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50
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Zhang L, Lu HW, Liu HL, Zhu XY, Tang BL, Zheng CC, Yang HZ, Geng LQ, Ding KY, Wang XB, Han YS, Liu X, Wu JS, Zhu WW, Cai XY, Sun ZM. [Pathogens and clinical characteristics of bacterial infection in hematology department between 2010 and 2014]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:383-7. [PMID: 27210872 PMCID: PMC7348313 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of bacterial infection in several different parts of hematology department inpatients of Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014, including patients who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS Anti-microbial susceptibility test was done by Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems and the data were analysed by WHONET 5.6 software. RESULTS A total of 3 312 copies of inspection samples were analyzed, including 2 716 (82%) blood samples and other 596 specimens (18%). 634 bacterial strains were isolated from 3 312 samples (19.14%) including 488 samples (76.97%) from blood culture. 427 (67.35%) bacterial strains were gram-negative, and the other 207 (32.65%) were gram-positive. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most common gram-negative bacterial and the resistant rates to imipenem were 0.8%, 11.8% and 3.3%, respectively. Detection rates of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 83.9% and 75.0%, respectively. At the same time, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Enterococcus were most common kinds of gram-positive bacteria. Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus accounted for 65.9% antibiotic resistance. No vancomycin and/or linezolid and/or tigecycline resistant strains of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. were found in those patients. CONCLUSION Patients with hematology diseases had a higher risk of bacterial infections, mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria. There are different distributions of bacterial in different wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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