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Hua X, Zhao T, Gui X, Jin B. A NiFe PBA/AuNPs nanocomposite sensitive immunosensor for electrochemical detection of PSA. Anal Methods 2024; 16:1923-1933. [PMID: 38497295 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02184j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of prostate antigen (PSA) was developed based on a NiFe PBA/AuNPs composite. The prostate antigen antibody was immobilized and the immunosensor was constructed by using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of nickel-iron Prussian blue analog (NiFe PBA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Due to the good biological affinity of AuNPs for biomolecules, as well as the porous nanostructure and regular shape of NiFe PBA, NiFe PBA/AuNPs nanocomposites significantly improve the electron transport rate, while achieving excellent performance for the sensor. Due to the interaction between the antibody and the antigen on the modified electrode, the current signal of the NiFe PBA itself is reduced due to the redox changes in Fe2+ and Fe3+, which can be determined by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Therefore, the monitoring of prostate antigen detection is realized. Under optimal experimental conditions, the immunosensor exhibited excellent detection performance with a dynamic response range from 0.5 pg mL-1 to 1000 pg mL-1 for the PSA concentration and a detection limit of 0.23 pg mL-1 (S/N = 3). In addition, the PSA aptasensor has good selectivity, high stability, and satisfactory reproducibility and has broad potential in clinical research and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Tongxiao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Xueqin Gui
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Baokang Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Tang H, Li Y, Nguyen J, MacDonald JA, Gui X, Beck P. A12 INTESINAL TREFOIL FACTOR (ITF) PLAYS CRITICAL ROLES IN INNATE PROTECTION AGAINST, AND RECOVERY FROM, CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE COLITIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Tang
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Y Li
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Nguyen
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - X Gui
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - P Beck
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Yang R, Gui X, Xiong Y, Gao S. Long-term follow-up of patients triply infected with HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses in a comprehensive hospital in central China. J Viral Hepat 2017. [PMID: 28632964 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - S Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Ou J, Zhu X, Lu Y, Zhao C, Zhang H, Gui X, Wang X, Zhang X, Zhang T, Pang C. A phase I-II clinical trial to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of high dose intravenous ascorbic acid synergy with mEHT in Chinese patients with stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx089.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chen X, Gui X, Zhang L, Huang F, Zhong H, Pang Z, Wang S, Tang L, Fu L, Peng Y, Shellman Y. Maternal anti-HBVs suppress the immune response of infants to hepatitis B vaccine. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:955-960. [PMID: 27469237 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
It is still controversial whether maternal anti-HBV antibodies (anti-HBVs) affect the infants' immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. This multicentre study aims to address this question. First, we determined whether the transplacental transfer of maternal anti-HBVs occurs by measuring the titres of 90 anti-HBVs-positive pregnant women and their newborns. The anti-HBVs-positive rates of newborns ranged from 89.7% to 100.0%, depending on the maternal anti-HBVs titres. Secondly, we investigated the effects of maternal anti-HBVs on the immune response of infants to HBV vaccination. A total of 1063 mother-and-infant pairs were enrolled and divided into three groups with maternal anti-HBVs titres of <10 IU/L (negative - 37.9%), 10-499 and ≥500 IU/L. The infants' anti-HBVs-positive rate and titres were negatively correlated with maternal anti-HBVs titres: the anti-HBVs-positive rate of infants were 88.9% (360/405), 84.5% (381/451) and 77.3% (160/207) in mothers with low, intermediate and high antibody titres, respectively, P<.0001. Median titres of anti-HBVs (IU/L) among infants were 169.1, 141.0 and 79.4, respectively, P=.020. One hundred and sixty-two infants were negative for anti-HBVs after the standard vaccination, and 120 of 131 of these infants (91.6%) reached anti-HBVs positivity after the first "booster" dose. The maternal anti-HBVs titres did not significantly affect infant response to this booster. In summary, transplacental transfer of anti-HBVs occurs and high titres of maternal anti-HBVs may suppress the immune response of infants to the standard HBV vaccination. The current schedule of the 0, 1 and 6 month may not be the optimal choice of infants with anti-HBVs-positive mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - X Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Infection Control, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - F Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Zhong
- Mother and Child Hospital, Wuxue, Huanggang, China
| | - Z Pang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongyang County, Xianning, China
| | - S Wang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiaonan District, Xiaogan, China
| | - L Tang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chibi, Xianning, China
| | - L Fu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chibi, Xianning, China
| | - Y Peng
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangshui, Shuizhou, China
| | - Y Shellman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Wang YL, Gao LL, Chen Y, Gui X, Yang WT, Shen XX, Zheng YW, Zhang H, Feng LQ, Wang LF, Ping B. [Diagnostic performance of intraoperative sentinel lymph node touch imprint cytology in 108 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma with various clinicopathologic characteristics]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:472-473. [PMID: 27430693 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Li J, Wu G, Wen Z, Zhang J, Lei H, Gui X, Lin F. White Matter Development is Potentially Influenced in Adolescents with Vertically Transmitted HIV Infections: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:2163-9. [PMID: 26228880 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Convergent evidence indicates that HIV is associated with abnormal WM microstructure in adults. However, little is known about whether HIV affects WM development in adolescents. In this study, we used DTI to investigate the integrity of WM microstructure in adolescents with vertically transmitted HIV infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen HIV-positive adolescents with vertically transmitted infections and 26 HIV-negative controls participated in this study. Whole-brain analysis of fractional anisotropy was performed by Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to localize abnormal WM regions between groups. VOI analysis was further performed to explore the changes in diffusivity indices in the regions with fractional anisotropy alterations. Correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between fractional anisotropy alterations and clinical measures within the HIV-positive group. RESULTS Relative to HIV-negative controls, HIV-positive adolescents demonstrated significantly reduced fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum, superior and posterior corona radiata, frontal and parietal WM, pre-/postcentral gyrus, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. In the affected regions, fractional anisotropy reductions were caused by an increase in radial diffusivity, and no changes were observed in axial diffusivity. Moreover, fractional anisotropy values in the bilateral frontal WM were negatively correlated with the duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy and were positively associated with the age at onset of highly active antiretroviral therapy. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that early HIV infections may affect WM development, especially in the frontal WM, corpus callosum, and corona radiata in adolescents, which may be associated with hypomyelination and demyelination. Moreover, WM integrity may serve as a potential new treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- From the Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (J.L., G.W., Z.W., J.Z.)
| | - G Wu
- From the Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (J.L., G.W., Z.W., J.Z.)
| | - Z Wen
- From the Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (J.L., G.W., Z.W., J.Z.)
| | - J Zhang
- From the Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (J.L., G.W., Z.W., J.Z.)
| | - H Lei
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan (H.L., F.L.), State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - X Gui
- Infectious Diseases (X.G.), Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - F Lin
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan (H.L., F.L.), State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Gui X, Zheng Y. Renal artery aneurysm at the hilum secondary to neurofibromatosis type I. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 49:464. [PMID: 25747346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Lee LH, MacLean AR, Falck VG, Gui X. Ileocaecal junction carcinoma: a clinicopathological study of 199 cases. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O1-9. [PMID: 25160770 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The ileocaecal junction (ICJ) region is an epithelial transition zone in which carcinomas are frequently diagnosed. However, it is currently unknown whether ICJ carcinomas (ICJ-CAs) have distinctive features. This study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features of ICJ-CAs. METHOD All ileal and colorectal resections for carcinoma, performed in Calgary, Canada between January 2009 and June 2012, were reviewed. Carcinomas in which the epicentre was within 5 cm of the ileocaecal valve (ICV) were defined as ICJ-CAs. Of 1003 carcinomas studied, 199 (19.8%) were ICJ-CAs, including 93 (9.3%) that crossed the ICV. Comparison of clinicopathological features with carcinomas of the other ileo-colorectal regions was made. Survival was also assessed. RESULTS Clinically, ICJ-CAs were more common in female than male patients (56.3% female) compared with left-colonic (42.9% female) and rectal (37.9% female) carcinomas, and were more common in older age-groups of patients (71.8 ± 12.7 years) compared with appendiceal (62.6 ± 11.3 years), left-colonic (69.4 ± 12.3 years) and rectal (67.1 ± 11.9 years) carcinomas. Macroscopically, ICJ-CAs were similar to other colorectal carcinomas and were mostly described as ulcerated (63.3%). Histologically, ICJ-CAs had more mucinous, signet-ring cell and/or neuroendocrine features (39.7%, 8.0% and 7.5%, respectively) than did carcinomas of the left colon (16.8%, 1.6% and 1.1%, respectively) and the rectum (14.1%, 1.0% and 0.0%, respectively). They were higher grade (20.1% were high grade) than those of the left-colon (10.3%) and the rectum (9.8%). ICJ-CAs presented at a higher T-stage (25.6% were T4) compared with rectal carcinomas (11.6%). Most significantly, ICJ-CAs presented at a higher N-stage (25.6% were N2) than did right-colonic (14.1%) and rectal (16.2%) carcinomas. Although survival of patients with ICJ-CAs did not differ from those with right-colonic carcinomas, those with carcinomas directly involving the ICV did show a significantly decreased survival. CONCLUSION ICJ-CAs display several distinct clinicopathological features that may require special diagnostic, prognostic and management attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Gui X, Ma G, Li F, Wu L, Zheng Y. One Stage Radical Removal of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis Extending to the Right Atrium via the Bilateral Gonadal Veins. EJVES Short Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvssr.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Liang K, Meyers K, Zeng W, Gui X. Predictors of elective pregnancy termination among women diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy in two regions of China, 2004-2010. BJOG 2012; 120:1207-14. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang R, Gui X, Xiong Y, Gao S, Zhang Y, Deng L, Liang K, Yan Y, Rong Y. Risk of liver-associated morbidity and mortality in a cohort of HIV and HBV coinfected Han Chinese. Infection 2011; 39:427-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s15010-011-0145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zhou L, Li J, Yin H, Chang W, Wang X, Liu Q, Xu S, Gui X, Yan R. [Enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in heron eggs]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2005; 16:1932-7. [PMID: 16422517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the eggs and tissues of black-crowned night heron, little egret, Chinese pond heron and cattle egret were sampled from the Dashu, Yuantong and Taizi mountains in Hefei areas of Anhui Province in April to June 2004, and the residual amounts of Cd, Pb and Cr in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the test heavy metals could be detected at high levels in the eggshell, egg contents, and tissues of most samples. Eggshell and bone were the two main sites for heavy metals enrichment. Eggshell had significantly higher residues of the heavy metals than egg contents, implying that heavy metals could be excreted by eggshells. The residues of heavy metals in eggshell ranked as Cr > Pb > Cd, and had significant differences among species. Of the three heavy metals, Cr showed the most variation among species, being the highest in eggshell of Chinese pond heron and the lowest in that of cattle egret, but in egg contents, there was no significant difference among species. The variation of Cr residues among species was the second, being the highest in the egg contents of Chinese pond heron but not detected in that of cattle egret. The residues of Pb among species varied little. Since eggshell was easy to collect, it was practical to use it as the indicator to assess the pollution status of wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Zhou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Bio-Technics, Anhui University, Hefei.
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Gui X, Carraway RE, Dobner PR. Endogenous neurotensin facilitates visceral nociception and is required for stress-induced antinociception in mice and rats. Neuroscience 2004; 126:1023-32. [PMID: 15207335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Central neurotensin (NT) administration can both facilitate and inhibit somatic and visceral nociception, depending on the dose and administration site. NT microinjection in the rostroventral medulla facilitates nociception at low doses, while NT antagonist microinjection can markedly attenuate nociception, supporting the hypothesis that endogenous NT facilitates nociception. However, higher doses of NT produce a mu-opioid receptor-independent analgesia, similar to that resulting from various intense stressors. Furthermore, intense stress results in increased NT expression in several hypothalamic nuclei that have been implicated in stress-induced antinociception (SIAN); however, there is little direct evidence that endogenous NT is required for SIAN. We have investigated the role of endogenous NT in both basal visceral nociception and SIAN using both NT knockout mice and pharmacological approaches in rats. Visceral nociception was monitored by measuring visceromotor responses during colorectal distension both prior to and following water avoidance stress. Visceral nociception was significantly attenuated in both NT knockout mice and rats pre-treated with the NT antagonist SR 48692. Disruption of NT signaling also blocked SIAN, revealing a novel stress-induced hyperalgesic response that was significantly greater in female than in male rats. NT was also required for acetic acid-induced hyperalgesia. These results indicate that endogenous NT normally facilitates visceral pain responses, is required for irritant-induced hyperalgesia, and plays a critical role in SIAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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Abstract
Initial studies on the digestive hormone neurotensin (NT) showing that intestinal NT mRNA expression and blood levels were altered in rats fed chow containing bile acid (BA) and the BA chelator cholestyramine led us to investigate the role of NT in the enterohepatic circulation of BA. In fasted, anesthetized rats with common bile ducts cannulated for bile collection, intravenous NT infusion (10 pmol. kg(-1). min(-1)) enhanced BA output relative to control over 3 h in animals administered donor bile into the duodenum (30 microl/min). This suggested that the effect of NT was on the return of BA from the intestine to the liver, which is rate determining in the normal process. In rats prepared as described above and administered [(3)H]taurocholate ([(3)H]TC; 5 mM, 1 ml) duodenally, NT infusion (3-10 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) increased the [(3)H]TC recovery rate in bile approximately twofold, whereas sulfated CCK-8 (12-50 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) had no effect. To investigate the roles of endogenous NT and CCK, we administered [(3)H]TC into the rat duodenum or lower jejunum and tested the effect of the NT antagonist SR-48692 (2 nmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) or CCK-A antagonist lorglumide (100 nmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)). SR-48692 reduced the [(3)H]TC recovery rate by congruent with 50% and congruent with 24% in the duodenum and jejunum, respectively, whereas lorglumide had no effect. These results suggest that NT or a similar peptide is an endogenous regulator of enterohepatic BA cycling, which acts by enhancing BA uptake in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655-0127, USA
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Zhao B, Xia X, Yin J, Zhang X, Wu E, Shi Y, Tong M, Sun S, Gui X, Zhao Z, Feng X. Epidemiological investigation of Histoplasma capsulatum infection in China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2001; 114:743-6. [PMID: 11780341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide reliable information concerning the presence or the absence of Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum) infection in China, and data concerning this respect. METHODS Three hundred normal people and 435 hospitalized patients, who lived in Hunan and Jiangsu provinces, and the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, were tested with yeast-phase histoplasmin (ALK/Berkerley Biologicals Laboratories, USA) and human pure protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) on the volar surface of the forearm. Any reaction to the antigens over 5.0 mm in diameter of induration at 48-72 hours was considered positive. RESULTS A total of 138 subjects (18.8%) in 735 patients reacted to histoplasmin with 5.0-45.0 (9.1 +/- 4.3) mm indurations. Significant differences of positive skin reaction rates in normal subjects were found in Hunan, Jiangsu and Xinjiang (8.9% vs 15.1% vs 2.1%). The overall positive rate of patients was 25.5%. Patients with tuberculosis [31.7% (78/246)] had a significantly higher positive skin reaction rate in comparison with those suffering from pneumonia [17.7% (11/62)], lung cancer [20.9% (9/43)], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [17.3% (9/52)] and other diseases [12.5% (4/32)] (P < 0.01). Of 562 cases, 292 cases (52.0%) reacted to PPD with indurations of 5-50 (13.7 +/- 4.9) mm in diameter, 63 cases (11.2%) reacted to both histoplasmin and PPD, while 38 cases (6.9%) reacted to histoplasmin but not to PPD. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that there is H. capsulatum herd infection in China. The infection rate in Southeast China is higher than that in the Northwest, and the infection rate of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is higher than that of normal persons and other pneumonopathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zhao
- Respiratory Department, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command PLA, Nanjing 210002, China.
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Lei Y, Gui X, Feng G. [A study on the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and the mechanisms of its resistance to fluoroquinolone]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2001; 40:176-9. [PMID: 11798575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) and the mechanisms of its resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ). METHODS The susceptibility of SA (200 strains) to 12 antibiotics was detected by disc diffusion, The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 52 strains to three FQ were determined by agar dilution method. 52 strains resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC> or =4 mg/L) were studied for the presence of point mutations in the gyrA gene and grlA gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method and for the expression of norA gene by reserpine reverse test respectively. RESULTS 34% of the strains were resistant to oxacillin(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA) and other antimicrobials as well, but no vancomycin resistant strain was found. The resistance rate of MRSA to ciprofloxacin was 79.4% and cross-resistance existed. It was found that 42 strains (80.8%) had a mutation at gyrA codon 84 (TCA-->TTA or GCA). Mutations at grlA codon 80 (TCC-->TAC or TTC) and codon 84 (GAA-->AAA)were observed in 10 (19.2%) and 14 strains(26.9%) respectively.Strains containing mutations in gyrA or both gyrA and grlA gene showed a higher level of ciprofloxacin resistance than those with alternation in grlA gene but with wild type gyrA or non-gyrA mutants (P < 0.01). Decreased MICs to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and levofloxacin in reserpine reverse test indicated the presence of norA phenotype. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that emergence of resistant SA strains will continue to be a problem, especially in MRSA which was resistant to most of the antibiotics. Fluoroquinolones are not the choice for MRSA now. The resistance to fluoroquinolones in clinical isolates of SA are due to the mutations of the gyrA and grlA gene encoding the target enzyme of fluoroquinolones and cell membrane resistance. Mutations of grlA gene may differ in different districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Release of neurotensin (NT) from intestines is markedly stimulated by ingested fat, and NT may facilitate lipid digestion and absorption through various actions that are not fully understood. Our recent finding that NT stimulates hepatic output of bile acids only when bile delivery to the intestine is maintained has led us to investigate the effects of NT on bile acid absorption in the rat small intestine. METHODS We measured the effects of intravenous infusion of NT (3-10 pmol x kg(-1) x min(-1)) on biliary recovery of (3)H-taurocholate ((3)H-TC) and (3)H-cholate administered into proximal and distal intestines or into isolated intestinal segments in situ in biliary fistula rats. To further understand the underlying mechanisms involved, the effects of NT on intestinal absorption of (3)H-D-glucose, (3)H-leucine, (14)C-antipyrine, and (51)Cr-EDTA were investigated by monitoring the absorption of radioactivity into superior mesenteric venous blood. RESULTS Infusion of NT, at doses that caused near physiologic increases in blood NT levels, increased biliary recovery of (3)H-TC from the jejunum (3.4-fold) and ileum (1.7-fold), but did not enhance absorption of (3)H-cholate. NT also facilitated transcellular uptake of (3)H-glucose and (3)H-leucine and increased paracellular uptake to (51)Cr-EDTA and (3)H-mannitol, but did not alter the absorption rate for (14)C-antipyrine. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that NT can exert a facilitative effect on intestinal bile acid absorption and return to liver. This effect of NT may involve increases in paracellular absorption and carrier-mediated transport by mechanisms not yet identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Gui X, Degolier TF, Duke GE, Carraway RE. Neurotensin elevates hepatic bile acid secretion in chickens by a mechanism requiring an intact enterohepatic circulation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2000; 127:61-70. [PMID: 11081413 DOI: 10.1016/s0742-8413(00)00126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT), given intravenously at 10-50 pmol/kg per min to anesthetized female chickens equipped with a bile duct fistula, dose-dependently elevated hepatic bile flow and bile acid output but only when the enterohepatic circulation was maintained by returning the bile to the intestinal lumen. Infusion of NT at 10 and 50 pmol/kg per min increased the average hepatic bile acid output over a 30-min period to 138 +/- 11 and 188 +/- 13% of control, respectively. During infusion of NT, plasma levels of immunoreactive NT (iNT) increased in time from the basal level (14 +/- 1.3 pM) to reach steady state at 30 min. There was a near linear relationship between the dose of NT infused and the increment in plasma iNT. In addition, infusion of NT at 40 pmol/kg min gave a plasma level of iNT (approximately/= 88 pM) which was within the range of those observed during duodenal perfusion with lipid (54-300 pM) and near to that measured in hepatic portal blood from fed animals (52 +/- 5 pM). Perfusion of duodenum with lipid released endogenous NT and increased the rate of hepatic bile flow. When NT antagonist SR48692 was given, bile flow rate decreased to the basal level. These results suggest that intestinal NT, released by lipid, may participate in the regulation of hepatic bile acid output by a mechanism requiring an intact enterohepatic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655-0127, USA
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Xia X, Gui X. [Clinical analysis of 96 cases with pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1999; 22:239-41. [PMID: 11775923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease. METHODS Ninety-six out of 173 cases with NTM pulmonary disease diagnosed through identification of mycobacterium strains isolated from 5,592 sputum acid-fast staining positive cases from 1981-1996 were selected, and a retrospective analysis was made. RESULTS According to Runyon classification, there were 14 cases with M. kansasii and 1 with M. marinum in type I, 4 with M. scrofulsceum in type II, 23 with M. intracellulare or M. avium in type III, 24 with M. chelonae and 30 with M. fortuitumin in type IV. Cases whose courses of disease were more than 10 years accounted for 31%. Main clinical symptoms included cough (78%), expectoration (71%), haemoptysis (58%) and fever (26%). Fifty-seven percent cases in X-ray chest film were seen lesions bilaterally, 42% in one side, 27% in the right and 15% in the left. One percent showed no obvious lesion in X-ray chest film. Excluding one case with incomplete data, the total resistance rate of NTM was 96% in other 95 cases, 93% in type I, 50%, 100% and 100% in type II, III, IV respectively. After antituberculous chemotherapy, sputum negative conversion was seen in 14 of 15 cases with type I NTM, 6 of 23 with type III and 14 of 54 with type IV, while definite data in 4 cases with type II were not available. CONCLUSIONS NTM pulmonary disease is characterized by long course of disease, nonspecific symptoms, high resistance rate and unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xia
- Shanghai First Pulmonolory Hospital, Shanghai 200433
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Chen X, Gui X, Xie Z. [Influence of processing methods on alkaloid, toxicity and effect of Strychnos nux-vomica L]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1998; 23:151-3, 191. [PMID: 11596231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Determination has been made on the contents of strychnine, brucine and ephedrin in different processed products of Strychnos nux-vomica. The acute toxicity, analgesic and antiphlogistic actions of these products have also been detected. The result shows that the product processed with Ephedra sinica can reduce toxicity and promote curative effect. Among the different processing methods the preparation with Ephedra and Liqorice root and the preparation with Ephedra and alcohol appear better and thus useful in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Fujian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, Fuzhou 350003
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22
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Gui X, Pan G, Ke M. [Potential role of gut peptides in stress-induced colonic motor disorder]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1997; 77:31-4. [PMID: 9596974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential role of gut peptide in stress-induced colonic motor disorder. METHODS In 9 conscious Wistar rats pre-equipped with strain-gauge transducers on ascending and descending colon, colonic motility was recorded before, during and after stress. And colonic transit was evaluated by instilling Cr into the cecum through chronically implanted cannula in each group of 16 rats with or without stress, and then calculating the geometric center (GC) of radioactivity. The contents of VIP, SP, NT, SST, MOT and Leu-ENK in plasma, colonic mucosa and muscle layer were assessed in 16 stressed and 16 control rats. Exogenous peptides (VIP, SP, SST, NT) were intravenously administered in 9 rats to determine the colonic motor response. Also, the effects of peptides on colonic circular muscle strips were investigated. RESULTS Motor activity was increased after stress, whereas colonic transit was delayed. In the stressed rats, plasma levels of VIP and Leu-ENK were higher than those in controls. The content of Leu-ENK in muscle tissue decreased. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that SP and NT excited, whereas VIP and SST inhibited colonic motor activity. CONCLUSION Release of certain peptides is altered by stress. Increased release of ENK and VIP may be involved in stress-induced colonic motor disorder and in the regulation of "stress hormone" release.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies have shown that isoflurane, enflurane, and halothane inhibit the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) with essentially the same potency. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on HPV in constant-flow perfused rabbit lungs. METHODS Constant-flow perfused lungs from Japanese white rabbits were tested. The lungs were divided into three groups: isoflurane alone (n = 6), sevoflurane alone (n = 6), and sevoflurane with ibuprofen pretreatment (n = 6). Baseline HPV responses were measured as the pulmonary arterial pressure increased after changing inspired oxygen concentration from 95% for 15 min to 3% (with 5% CO2) for 5 min without anesthetic administration. Next, three different concentrations of anesthetics were added to the inspired gas for 15 min in random order. The HPV response in the presence of anesthetic was expressed as a percentage of the pressor response in the absence of anesthetics, and dose-response relationships were calculated using the nonlinear least-squares method. RESULTS Isoflurane and sevoflurane both depressed the HPV response in a dose-related manner. The half-inhibition values (ED50) of HPV with isoflurane and sevoflurane were 0.85 +/- 0.22 MAC and 1.00 +/- 0.12 MAC (mean +/- SD), respectively, and were not statistically different. Ibuprofen pretreatment did not alter ED50 and slope of dose-response curve, although the absolute value of pressor response in the sevoflurane group with ibuprofen pretreatment was greater than that in the sevoflurane alone group at every concentration of sevoflurane. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane inhibits the HPV response in a dose-related manner, and its potency is similar to that of isoflurane in vitro. Cyclooxygenase products do not mediate the inhibition of HPV by sevoflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishibe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Gui X. [Positive false reaction of HBsAg (by RPHA) in patients with schistosomiasis and its mechanism]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1986; 66:680-2. [PMID: 3102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
In mice, cyclosporin A decreased the natural killer cell-enhancing effect of two interferon inducers, infective murine cytomegalovirus and nonreplicating Newcastle disease virus. It also inhibited murine cytomegalovirus replication at doses greater than 20 mg/kg, but it did not significantly inhibit interferon induction by Newcastle disease virus. In cell culture, cyclosporin A had no direct effect on the natural killer activity of spleen mononuclear cells derived from normal or murine cytomegalovirus-infected animals. However, at 50 micrograms/ml it significantly reduced the ability of interferon to enhance the natural killer activity of normal spleen cell suspensions. The inhibitory effect of cyclosporin A on natural killer cell activity in infected mice may be partly explained by its ability to block the action of interferon.
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