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Jung YW, Hong N, Kim CO, Kim HC, Youm Y, Choi JY, Rhee Y. The diagnostic value of phase angle, an integrative bioelectrical marker, for identifying individuals with dysmobility syndrome: the Korean Urban-Rural Elderly study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:939-949. [PMID: 33128075 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Low phase angle, a non-invasive bioimpedance marker, is associated with elevated odds of dysmobility syndrome and its components. Phase angle (estimated cutoffs: < 4.8° in men; < 4.5° in women) can be used to detect dysmobility syndrome in community-dwelling older adults as a simple, integrative screening tool. INTRODUCTION Dysmobility syndrome uses a score-based approach to predict fracture risk that incorporates the concepts of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity. Low phase angle (PhA), a simple, non-invasive bioelectrical impedance marker, was associated with low lean mass, high fat mass, and poor muscle function. We aimed to investigate the association between PhA and dysmobility syndrome, with the exploration of the diagnostic cutoffs. METHODS In a community-dwelling Korean older adult cohort, dysmobility syndrome was defined as the presence of ≥ 3 of the following components: osteoporosis, low lean mass, falls in the preceding year, low grip strength, high fat mass, and poor timed up and go performance. RESULTS Among the 1825 participants (mean age 71.6, women 66.7%), subjects were classified into sex-stratified PhA tertiles. The prevalence of dysmobility syndrome increased from the highest PhA tertile group to the lowest (15.50 to 2.45% in men; 33.41 to 12.25% in women, P for trend < 0.001). The mean PhA values decreased as the dysmobility score increased (5.33° to 4.65° in men; 4.76° to 4.39° in women, P for trend < 0.001). Low PhA (cutoff: < 4.8° in men; < 4.5° in women) was associated with twofold elevated odds of dysmobility syndrome after adjusting for age, sex, and conventional risk factors. Low PhA improved the identification of individuals with dysmobility syndrome when added to the conventional risk model (area under the curve, 0.73 to 0.75, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Low PhA was associated with dysmobility syndrome and its components, independent of age, sex, body mass index, nutritional status, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Jung
- Division of Endocrinology, Endocrine Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - N Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Endocrine Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - C O Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H C Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J -Y Choi
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology, Endocrine Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
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Lee JH, Kim HT, Choi IJ, Heo YR, Jung YW. An unusual anatomical variant of the left phrenic nerve encircling the transverse cervical artery. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:1027-1031. [PMID: 33124034 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During educational dissection of cadavers, we encountered anatomical variability of the left phrenic nerve (PN). In this cadaver, nerve fibres from C3 and C4 descended and crossed behind the transverse cervical artery (TCA), a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, at the level of the anterior scalene muscle. On the other hand, nerve fibres from C5 descended obliquely above the TCA and then joined the fibres from C3-C4 on the medial side of the anterior scalene muscle to form the PN. To our knowledge, the encircling of the TCA by the left PN in the neck has not yet been reported and may pose a potential risk for nerve compression during movement of the neck. We discuss several types of anatomical variants of the PN and the associated risk during thorax and neck dissection procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea, Republic Of
| | - H T Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Korea, Republic Of
| | - I J Choi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea, Republic Of
| | - Y R Heo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea, Republic Of
| | - Y W Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea, Republic Of.
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Song T, Kim MK, Kim ML, Jung YW, Yun BS, Seong SJ, Kwon SH. Impact of opportunistic salpingectomy on anti-Müllerian hormone in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2016; 124:314-320. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Song
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; Kangbuk Samsung Hospital; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - MK Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; CHA Gangnam Medical Centre; CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - M-L Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; CHA Gangnam Medical Centre; CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - YW Jung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; CHA Gangnam Medical Centre; CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - BS Yun
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; CHA Gangnam Medical Centre; CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - SJ Seong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; CHA Gangnam Medical Centre; CHA University; Seoul Korea
| | - S-H Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology; Dongsan Hospital; Keimyung University School of Medicine; Daegu Korea
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Kang JH, Park HJ, Jung YW, Shim SH, Sung SR, Park JE, Cha DH, Ahn EH. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Cell-Free Fetal RNA from Amniotic Fluid and RNA from Amniocytes in Uncomplicated Pregnancies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132955. [PMID: 26181329 PMCID: PMC4504687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare tissue-specific expression profiles and biological pathways of RNA from amniocytes and amniotic fluid supernatant (AFS) from second-trimester pregnancies by using transcriptome analysis. Additionally, we wanted to explore whether cell-free RNA from AFS exhibits a unique gene expression signature that more adequately reflects the fetal developmental process than amniocyte RNA. METHODS Amniotic fluid samples were prospectively collected in the second trimester of pregnancy from euploid fetuses. Total RNA was extracted from amniocytes and AFS and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Human Arrays. Significantly differentially expressed transcripts between amniocytes and AFS were obtained by using Welch's t-test. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was used to visualize overall expression characteristics and differences in transcripts between AFS and amniocytes. The biological functions of selected genes were analyzed using various online Gene Ontology databases. RESULTS A total of 3,072 and 15,633 transcripts were detected in the second-trimester AFS and amniocytes, respectively. Hierarchical clustering revealed differential transcript expression between AFS and amniocytes. We found 353 genes that were specifically enriched in the AFS only, and tissue expression analysis showed enrichment of brain-specific genes in the AFS. Biological pathway analysis revealed that AFS-specific transcripts were mainly involved in embryonic development, cardiovascular development, and cellular morphology pathways. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated differential tissue-specific gene expression profiles and biological pathways between AFS and amniocytes. The results suggested that AFS is the preferred RNA source to investigate potential biomarkers of fetal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Graduate School of Medicine, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zion Women’s hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - H. J. Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. W. Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S. H. Shim
- Genetic Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S. R. Sung
- Genetic Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J. E. Park
- Genetic Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D. H. Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (DHC); (EHA)
| | - E. H Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (DHC); (EHA)
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Lee D, Jung YW. Protective effect of right ventricular mitochondrial damage by cyclosporine A in monocrtaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jung YW, Seong SJ, Kim JW. Should diagnostic laparoscopy be conducted before hormonal treatment in early-stage endometrial cancer? Ann Oncol 2011; 22:748-749. [PMID: 21273344 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul
| | - S J Seong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul.
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Jung YW, Gildersleeve DL, van Dort ME, Raffel DM. (±)-N-[11C]Methyl-para-hydroxytranylcypromine: Synthesis and evaluation as a pet radiotracer for quantifying cardiac sympathetic nerve density. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.25804401153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Van Dort ME, Jung YW. Synthesis and structure-activity studies of side-chain derivatized arylhydantoins for investigation as androgen receptor radioligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1045-7. [PMID: 11327585 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of arylhydantoin derivatives modeled after the antiandrogen RU 58841 was generated to identify potential candidates for development as androgen receptor (AR) radioligands. Side-chain modified derivatives of RU 58841, suitable for labeling with either carbon-11 or radiohalogens (fluorine-18, iodine-123), were synthesized and tested for their AR binding affinities. The N-(iodopropenyl) derivative 13 (Ki = 13 nM) is a potential candidate for development as a radioiodinated AR ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Van Dort
- Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arhor 48109-0552, USA.
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Abstract
Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis is an aggressive and usually fatal form of viral hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients. We report three cases of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis in various clinical situations. Case 1 was a 50-year-old man who underwent a liver transplant for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis. Two and a half years after the transplant, he complained of fever and jaundice, and liver enzymes were slightly elevated. Serum HBsAg was positive. Case 2 was a 30-year-old man in an immunosuppressed state after chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was a HBV carrier. Liver enzymes and total bilirubin were markedly elevated. Case 3 was a 50-year-old man who underwent renal transplantation as a known HBV carrier. One year after the transplant, jaundice developed abruptly, but liver enzymes were not significantly elevated. Microscopically lobules were markedly disarrayed, showing ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, prominent pericellular fibrosis, and marked canalicular or intracytoplasmic cholestasis. Portal inflammation was mild, but interphase activity was definite and cholangiolar proliferation was prominent. Hepatocytes were diffusely positive for HBsAg and HBcAg in various patterns. Patients died of liver failure within 1 to 3 months after liver biopsy in spite of anti-viral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Little is known about the molecular organization and functions of the postsynaptic density (PSD), a cytoskeletal specialization on the postsynaptic membrane. In an attempt to elucidate the protein composition of PSD, we have sequenced a 35 kDa protein of the rat forebrain PSD fraction. Amino acid sequence information of the tryptic peptides and immunoblot analyses revealed that the protein is a voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). VDAC1 was enriched in the PSD fraction and was partially soluble in 1% n-octyl glucoside (NOG) or Triton X-100. Our data indicate that VDAC1, which is originally found in the outer mitochondrial membrane, is also present in the central nervous system (CNS) synapses in association with the PSD 'core'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Moon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Jin DH, Jung YW, Ko BH, Moon IS. Immunoblot analyses on the differential distribution of NR2A and NR2B subunits in the adult rat brain. Mol Cells 1997; 7:749-54. [PMID: 9509416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative immunoblot analyses were carried out to study the distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 2A and 2B (NR2A and NR2B, respectively) at the protein level in the adult rat brain. Highest levels of NR2A were detected in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, followed at more or less similar levels (about 36-72% of cerebral cortex) by striatum, thalamus, olfactory bulb, superior and inferior colliculi, and cerebellum. The lowest levels were detected in midbrain and lower brain stem (30-31% of cerebral cortex). The NR2B was more dramatic in differential distribution than the NR2A. Highest levels of NR2B were found in telencephalic (olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum) and thalamic regions, and expression in superior and inferior colliculi, midbrain, lower brain stem, and cerebellum were significantly lower (4-25% of cerebral cortex). Interestingly, NR2B proteins were barely detectable in the cerebellum. When the postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions were compared, the amount of NR2B in the cerebellar PSD fraction was only 1.8% of that present in the cerebral PSD fraction where the subunit is highly enriched. Immunoblot analyses with a phosphotyrosine-specific antibody showed that the molecular sizes of major phosphotyrosine-containing proteins in forebrain and hindbrain are 180 and 45 kDa, respectively. The regional distribution of the 180 kDa major phosphotyrosine protein was very similar to that of NR2B, and the protein could be immunoprecipitated by NR2B antibody. Our data shows that NR2A and NR2B subunits are differentially distributed in the brain in an overlapping manner, and that the major phosphotyrosine-containing protein of 180 kDa in forebrain is the NR2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Jin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Kyongju, Korea
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Jin DH, Jung YW, Ham SH, Ko BH, Moon IS. Developmental expression, subcellular localization, and tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2A and NR2B in the rat brain. Mol Cells 1997; 7:64-71. [PMID: 9085267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We carried out quantitative analyses of the developmental expression, subcellular localization of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A (NR2A) and 2B (NR2B), and tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2B. Immunoblot analyses showed that NR2A was not detected during the embryonic period and the first postnatal week but its expression reached 63.90% of adult at P14 and continued to increase until the fourth week, reaching a maximum at P30 (110% of adult). The NR2B was detected from as early as E14 (2.65% of adult) and its expression was transiently elevated at birth (43.73% of adult), decreasing for the first postnatal week, and then increased again rapidly in the second week (105.45% of adult at P14) with a maximum at P30 (123.34% of adult). There were 2.26 +/- 0.40-fold more NR2B than NR2A proteins in the forebrain PSD fractions, and NR2A and NR2B were enriched 2.75 +/- 0.35 and 4.65 +/- 0.25 fold, respectively, in the synaptosome, and 13.75 +/- 0.80 and 16.04 +/- 0.25-fold, respectively, in the PSD fraction from brain homogenate. The tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2B reached an adult level at around birth declining in the first postnatal week but recovered to the adult level by the end of the second week, while the amount of the protein itself increased 2.28-fold after birth, indicating that only a fraction of the proteins are phosphorylated in vivo. Our results indicate that expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2B might be important for NMDA receptor functions in embryonic and early postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Jin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Kyongju, Korea
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Jung YW, Frey KA, Mulholland GK, del Rosario R, Sherman PS, Raffel DM, Van Dort ME, Kuhl DE, Gildersleeve DL, Wieland DM. Vesamicol receptor mapping of brain cholinergic neurons with radioiodine-labeled positional isomers of benzovesamicol. J Med Chem 1996; 39:3331-42. [PMID: 8765517 DOI: 10.1021/jm9507486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive cerebral cholinergic neuronal degeneration. Radiotracer analogs of benzovesamicol, which bind with high affinity to the vesamicol receptor located on the uptake transporter of acetylcholine storage vesicles, may provide an in vivo marker of cholinergic neuronal integrity. Five positional isomers of racemic iodobenzovesamicol (4'-, 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-IBVM) were synthesized, exchange-labeled with iodine-125, and evaluated as possible in vivo markers for central cholinergic neurons. Only two isomers, 5-IBVM (5) and 6-IBVM (10), gave distribution patterns in mouse brain consistent with cholinergic innervation: striatum >> hippocampus > or = cortex > hypothalamus >> cerebellum. The 24-h tissue-to-cerebellum concentration ratios for 5-IBVM (5) were 3-4-fold higher for striatum, cortex, and hippocampus than the respective ratios for 6-IBVM (10). Neither 8-IBVM (16) nor 4'-IBVM (17) exhibited selective retention in any of the brain regions examined. In the heart, only 5-IBVM (5) exhibited an atria-to-ventricles concentration ratio consistent with high peripheral cholinergic neuronal selectivity. The 7-IBVM (14) isomer exhibited an anomalous brain distribution pattern, marked by high and prolonged retention in the five brain regions, most notably the cerebellum. This isomer was screened for binding in a series of 26 different biological assays; 7-IBVM (14) exhibited affinity only for the delta-receptor with an IC50 of approximately 30 nM. Drug-blocking studies suggested that brain retention of 7-IBVM (14) reflects high-affinity binding to both vesamicol and delta-receptors. Competitive binding studies using rat cortical homogenates gave IC50 values for binding to the vesamicol receptor of 2.5 nM for 5-IBVM (5), 4.8 nM for 6-IBVM (10), and 3.5 nM for 7-IBVM (14). Ex vivo autoradiography of rat brain after injection of (-)-5-[125I]IBVM ((-)-[125I]5) clearly delineated small cholinergic-rich areas such as basolateral amygdala, interpeduncular nucleus, and facial nuclei. Except for cortex, regional brain levels of (-)-5-[123I]IBVM ((-)-[123I]5) at 4 h exhibited a linear correlation (r2 = 0.99) with endogenous levels of choline acetyltransferase. CONCLUSION Vesamicol receptor mapping of cholinergic nerve terminals in murine brain can be achieved with 5-IBVM (5) and less robustly with 6-IBVM (10), whereas the brain localization of 7-IBVM (14) reflects high-affinity binding to both vesamicol and delta-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0552, USA
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Del Rosario RB, Jung YW, Caraher J, Chakraborty PK, Wieland DM. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of [11C]-(-)-phenylephrine as a functional heart neuronal PET agent. Nucl Med Biol 1996; 23:611-6. [PMID: 8905825 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(96)00057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo behavior of (-)-[11C]phenylephrine (PHEN) is compared with the structurally similar but monoamine oxidase (MAO)-resistant analog (-)-[11C]-m-hydroxyephedrine (HED), which is an established heart neuronal marker. The chiral synthesis of PHEN has been achieved by direct methylation of (-)-m-octopamine with either 11CH3I or CF3SO311CH3. These synthetic methods produced PHEN with a specific activity ranging from 500-1000 Ci/mmol, in a radiochemical yield of > 50% (EOS) and with an enantiomeric purity of 94-96%. Biodistribution studies indicate the initial uptake of PHEN in rat heart is approximately half that of HED. Following PHEN injection, radioactivity egresses from the rat heart rapidly, with 50% washout occurring from 5 to 60 min. HED washout over this interval was less than 20%. The heart neuronal selectivity determined by desipramine blockade of the amine neuronal transporter was 75-77% compared to 92-95% for HED. Ring-labeled (-)-[3H]phenylephrine gave tissue-to-blood concentration ratios and heart clearance times very similar to PHEN. Rats pretreated with the MAO A inhibitor clorgyline showed higher levels of activity in the heart at 15 and 60 min. Tandem PET studies with PHEN and HED in the closed-chest dog provided excellent heart images with both tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Del Rosario
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0552, USA
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Snyder SE, Kume A, Jung YW, Connor SE, Sherman PS, Albin RL, Wieland DM, Kilbourn MR. Synthesis of carbon-11-, fluorine-18-, and iodine-125-labeled GABAA-gated chloride ion channel blockers: substituted 5-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dithianes and -dithiane oxides. J Med Chem 1995; 38:2663-71. [PMID: 7629805 DOI: 10.1021/jm00014a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of substituted 5-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dithianes and 5-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-1,1,3,3-tetraoxo-1,3-dithianes was synthesized as ligands for the GABAA receptor complex-associated neuronal chloride ion channels. The in vitro binding affinities of these compounds for the GABA-gated chloride ion channel were determined by their ability to compete with [3H]TBOB for binding to rat brain slices. Of the eight compounds tested, trans-5-tert-butyl-2-(4-cyanophenyl)-2-methyl-1,1,3,3-tetraoxo+ ++-1,3-dithiane, 9b, trans-5-tert-butyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,1,3,3-tetraoxo-1,3-dithian e, 10, and trans-5-tert-butyl-2-(4-iodophenyl)-2-methyl-1,1,3,3-tetraoxo-1,3- dithiane, 11, showed moderately high binding affinities (Ki = 41, 180, and 105 nM, respectively). Four radioligand candidates from this series, 5-tert-butyl-2-(4-cyanophenyl)-2-[11C]methyl-1,3-dithiane, [11C]6, 5-tert-butyl-2-(4-[18F]fluorophenyl)-1,3-dithiane, [18F]7, 5-tert-butyl-2-(4-[18F]-fluorophenyl)-1,1,3,3-tetraoxo-1,3- dithiane, [18F]10, and 5-tert-butyl-2-(4-[125I]iodophenyl)-2-methyl-1,1,3,3- tetraoxo-1,3-dithiane, [125I]11, have been successfully prepared for evaluation as in vivo imaging agents useful for positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography. Preliminary in vivo studies indicate significant uptake into mouse brain for [18F]7, [18F]10, and [125I]11.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Snyder
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
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Van Dort ME, Jung YW, Sherman PS, Kilbourn MR, Wieland DM. Fluorine for hydroxy substitution in biogenic amines: asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of fluorine-18-labeled beta-fluorophenylalkylamines as model systems. J Med Chem 1995; 38:810-5. [PMID: 7877146 DOI: 10.1021/jm00005a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This work explores the biomimetic potential of [18F]fluorine for hydroxy substitution in beta-phenethanolamines as a possible strategy for developing radiotracers for in vivo imaging. Stereospecific syntheses of the two model compounds (1R,2S)-1-[18F]fluoro-1-deoxyephedrine ([18F]FDE) and (1S,2S)-1-[18F]fluoro-1-deoxypseudoephedrine ([18F]FDP) were achieved in high radiochemical yield (62%, decay corrected) and high specific activity (> 2500 Ci/mmol) by reaction of [18F]fluoride ion with the appropriate chiral cyclic sulfamidate precursor. Both tracers exhibited good stability toward metabolic defluorination in vivo. High, homogeneous brain uptake (approximately 8% of injected dose) was observed after intravenous injection in mice similar to that reported for the structurally related analog [11C]methamphetamine. The 1R,2S isomer (FDE) showed a 3-fold higher concentration of radioactivity in whole brain as compared to the 1S,2S isomer (FDP). These results suggest possible employment of this strategy for chiral radiolabeling of biologically important phenethanolamines and catecholamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Van Dort
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0552
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Gildersleeve DL, Jung YW, Wieland DM. Direct optical resolution of vesamicol and a series of benzovesamicol analogues by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1994; 667:183-9. [PMID: 8025628 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)89066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The direct optical resolution of the vesicular acetylcholine uptake inhibitors vesamicol and benzovesamicol and nine benzovesamicol analogues were performed by HPLC on a commercially available cellulose tris(3,5-di-methylphenyl carbamate) chiral stationary phase. Separation of each enantiomeric pair was optimized with respect to solvent strength and flow-rate, using mobile phase mixtures of hexane-2-propanol-diethylamine. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of the optical purity of benzovesamicol intermediates and products, including (-)-5-[123I]iodobenzovesamicol which is currently undergoing clinical evaluation as a tracer for mapping central cholinergic neurons, and the purification of both antipodes of (+/-)-7-[125I]iodobenzovesamicol.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Gildersleeve
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0552
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del Rosario RB, Jung YW, Baidoo KE, Lever SZ, Wieland DM. Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a 99m/99Tc-DADT-benzovesamicol: a potential marker for cholinergic neurons. Nucl Med Biol 1994; 21:197-203. [PMID: 9234283 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(94)90009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The diaminodithiol (DADT) ligand has been conjugated to the neuromuscular blocking agent benzovesamicol (BVM) in the 5-position. DADT-BVM 1 was synthesized by coupling of 5-aminomethylbenzovesamicol with a BCA thiolactone reagent. 99mTc radiolabeling of 1 with [99mTc]glucoheptonate gave a 4.7:1 mixture of two 99mTc complexes as determined by HPLC. Biodistribution data of the major [99mTc]-1 complex in CD-1 mice (n = 4-5) showed very little uptake and no regional selectivity in the mouse brain. At all time points examined, the lung and liver showed the highest uptake. For whole brain, the % injected dose values were 0.27, 0.12, 0.04 and 0.01% at t = 1, 5, 30 and 240 min. The major [99mTc]-1 product exhibited a log P = 3.13 +/- 0.06 (SD) with an IC50 = 140-280 nM for the corresponding [99Tc]-1 vs (-)-N-[3H]methyl-5-aminobenzovesamicol. The low brain uptake of [99mTc]-1 vs 5-iodobenzovesamicol is attributed to its higher molecular weight (752) and lower binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B del Rosario
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0552, USA
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Van Dort ME, Jung YW, Gildersleeve DL, Hagen CA, Kuhl DE, Wieland DM. Synthesis of the 123I- and 125I-labeled cholinergic nerve marker (-)-5-iodobenzovesamicol. Nucl Med Biol 1993; 20:929-37. [PMID: 8298572 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(93)90093-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The highly toxic curraremimetic and cholinergic neuron marker (-)-5-iodobenzovesamicol (IBVM) has been labeled with iodine-125 and iodine-123. [125I]IBVM, suitable for animal distribution and ex vivo autoradiographic studies, was synthesized by solid-state exchange; isolated yields were 65-89% with specific activities in the range of 130-200 Ci/mmol. The synthesis of no-carrier-added (-)-5-[125I]IBVM from the corresponding chiral (-)-5-(tri-n-butyltin) derivative using Na125I was evaluated using the oxidants H2O2, peracetic acid and chloramine-T. Both peracetic acid and chloramine-T gave good yields (70-95%). However, when Na123I was utilized, acceptable yields of [123I]IBVM were obtained only with chloramine-T. Use of the latter oxidant did produce 5-chlorobenzovesamicol which was eliminated during HPLC purification. After optimization of the reaction parameters, [123I]IBVM in batch sizes of 10-27 mCi, is routinely obtained with a specific activity of 30-70,000 Ci/mmol, radiochemical purity (> 97%) and chiral purity (> 98%). Isolated radiochemical yields have averaged 71% (N = 40). Distribution analyses of [125I]IBVM and [123I]IBVM in mice 4 h following intravenous administration show essentially equivalent concentrations of the two tracers in the four brain regions sampled. The exceptionally high specific activity of [123I]IBVM has made possible the evaluation of this radiotracer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Van Dort
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0552
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Jung
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0552
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Kilbourn MR, Jung YW, Haka MS, Gildersleeve DL, Kuhl DE, Wieland DM. Mouse brain distribution of a carbon-11 labeled vesamicol derivative: presynaptic marker of cholinergic neurons. Life Sci 1990; 47:1955-63. [PMID: 2266779 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(90)90408-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The regional mouse brain distribution of a new carbon-11 labeled derivative of vesamicol, [11C]-5-(N-methylamino)benzovesamicol [( 11C]MABV) is reported. Radiotracer concentrations in vivo are in the rank order of striatum greater than cortex greater than hippocampus greater than hypothalamus greater than cerebellum, consistent with reported distributions of other presynaptic cholinergic neuronal markers. In time course studies, striatum/cerebellum and cortex/cerebellum ratios for (-)-[11C]MABV continue to increase to values of 13 and 5, respectively, 75 min after i.v. injection of [11C]MABV. The specific binding in striatum and cortex is lowered by pretreatment with (+/-)-vesamicol, and shows stereoselectivity with lower uptake and lower ratios for the (+)-enantiomer. (-)-enantiomer. (-)-[11C]MABV is proposed as a positron-emitting radioligand for the in vivo study of presynaptic cholinergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Kilbourn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109
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