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Fujimori C, Sugimoto K, Ishida M, Yang C, Kayo D, Tomihara S, Sano K, Akazome Y, Oka Y, Kanda S. Long-lasting redundant gnrh1/3 expression in GnRH neurons enabled apparent switching of paralog usage during evolution. iScience 2024; 27:109304. [PMID: 38464591 PMCID: PMC10924128 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Expressed subtype of paralogous genes in functionally homologous cells sometimes show differences across species, the reasons for which have not been explained. The present study examined hypophysiotropic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in vertebrates to investigate this mechanism. These neurons express either gnrh1 or gnrh3 paralogs, depending on the species, and apparent switching of the expressed paralogs in them occurred at least four times in vertebrate evolution. First, we found redundant expression of gnrh1 and gnrh3 in a single neuron in piranha and hypothesized that it may represent an ancestral GnRH system. Moreover, the gnrh1/gnrh3 enhancer of piranha induced reporter RFP/GFP co-expression in a single hypophysiotropic GnRH neuron in both zebrafish and medaka, whose GnRH neurons only express either gnrh3 or gnrh1. Thus, we propose that redundant expression of gnrh1/3 of relatively recent common ancestors may be the key to apparent switching of the paralog usage among present-day species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Fujimori
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Optics and Imaging Facility, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kohei Sugimoto
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Ishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christopher Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daichi Kayo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Soma Tomihara
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Akazome
- Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakajo M, Kanda S, Oka Y. Involvement of the kisspeptin system in regulation of sexual behaviors in medaka. iScience 2024; 27:108971. [PMID: 38333699 PMCID: PMC10850746 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, kisspeptin (Kiss1) neurons are generally considered as a sex steroid-dependent key regulator of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. In contrast, previous studies in non-mammalian species, especially in teleosts, propose that Kiss1 is not directly involved in the HPG axis regulation, which suggests some sex-steroid-dependent functions of kisspeptin(s) other than the HPG axis regulation in non-mammals. Here, we used knockout (KO) medaka of kisspeptin receptor-coding genes (gpr54-1 and gpr54-2) and examined possible roles of kisspeptin in the regulation of sexual behaviors. We found that the KO pairs of gpr54-1, but not gpr54-2, spawned fewer eggs and exhibited delayed spawning than wild type pairs. Detailed behavior analysis suggested that the KO females are responsible for the delayed spawning and that the KO males showed hyper-motivation for courtship. Taken together, the present finding suggests that one of the reproductive-state-dependent functions of the Kiss1 may be the control of successful sexual behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikoto Nakajo
- Department of Physiology, Division of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
The Zoological Society of Japan is one of the longest-standing scientific societies in Japan, and it has been publishing a unique prestigious international journal in zoology, Zoological Science, for a long period of time since its foundation in 1984 as the continuation of Zoological Magazine (1888-1983) and Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses (1897-1983). One of the most salient features of the Society and the Journal may be the variety of species of animals used in the studies by the members of the society and the authors of the journal. Among various animal species, fish may have contributed to almost all disciplines of presentations and publications, including behavioral biology, biochemistry, cell biology, developmental biology, diversity and evolution, ecology, endocrinology, genetics, immunology, morphology, neurobiology, phylogeny, reproductive biology, and taxonomy. Owing to the recent advancement of modern molecular genetic methods in biology, not a few fish species have contributed to various research disciplines in zoological science as model animals. The present Special Issue includes various kinds of such studies in zoological science by taking advantage of a variety of fish species, which are contributed by authors of various generations ranging from junior to senior zoologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan,
| | - Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Oka Y. Neural Control of Sexual Behavior in Fish. Zoolog Sci 2023; 40:128-140. [PMID: 37042692 DOI: 10.2108/zs220108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Many vertebrate species show breeding periods and exhibit series of characteristic species-specific sexual behaviors only during the breeding period. Here, secretion of gonadal sex hormones from the mature gonads has been considered to facilitate sexual behaviors. Thus, the sexual behavior has long been considered to be regulated by neural and hormonal mechanisms. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the study of neural control mechanisms of sexual behavior with a focus on studies using fish, which have often been the favorite animals used by many researchers who study instinctive animal behaviors. We first discuss control mechanisms of sexual behaviors by sex steroids in relation to the anatomical studies of sex steroid-concentrating neurons in various vertebrate brains, which are abundantly distributed in evolutionarily conserved areas such as preoptic area (POA) and anterior hypothalamus. We then focus on another brain area called the ventral telencephalic area, which has also been suggested to contain sex steroid-concentrating neurons and has been implicated in the control of sexual behaviors, especially in teleosts. We also discuss control of sex-specific behaviors and sexual preference influenced by estrogenic signals or by olfactory/pheromonal signals. Finally, we briefly summarize research on the modulatory control of motivation for sexual behaviors by a group of peptidergic neurons called terminal nerve gonadotropin-releasing hormone (TN-GnRH) neurons, which are known to be especially developed in fishes among various vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Tanaka A, Umatani C, Oka Y. Acetylcholine Inhibits Spontaneous Firing Activity of Terminal Nerve GnRH Neurons in Medaka. Zoolog Sci 2023; 40:151-159. [PMID: 37042694 DOI: 10.2108/zs220070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrates generally possess hypophysiotropic and non-hypophysiotropic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The terminal nerve (TN) GnRH neurons are known to belong to the non-hypophysiotropic neurons and have been suggested to modulate sexual behaviors. These neurons show spontaneous pacemaker firing activity and release neuropeptides GnRH and neuropeptide FF. Since the spontaneous firing activities of peptidergic neurons, including GnRH neurons, are believed to play important roles in the release of neuropeptides, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of these spontaneous firing activities is important. Here, we analyzed firing activities of the TN-GnRH neurons in medaka during application of acetylcholine (ACh), which is one of the essential neuromodulators in the brain. Whole cell patch clamp recording of TN-GnRH neurons demonstrated that ACh induces hyperpolarization and inhibits their pacemaker firing. Electrophysiological analysis using an antagonist for acetylcholine receptors and in situ hybridization analysis showed that firing of TN-GnRH neurons is inhibited via M2-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. These findings, taken together with literature from several other fish species (including teleosts and elasmobranchs), indicate that ACh may generally play an inhibitory role in modulating spontaneous activities of TN-GnRH neurons and thereby sexual behaviors in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiki Tanaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Oka Y. Neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction by GnRH neurons: multidisciplinary studies using a small fish brain model. Endocr J 2023; 70:343-358. [PMID: 36889690 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
After the discovery of GnRH, GnRH neurons have been considered to represent the final common pathway for the neural control of reproduction. There is now compelling data in mammals that two populations of kisspeptin neurons constitute two different systems to control the episodic and surge release of GnRH/LH for the control of different aspects of reproduction, follicular development and ovulation. However, accumulating evidence indicates that kisspeptin neurons in non-mammalian species do not serve as a regulator of reproduction, and the non-mammalian species are believed to show only surge release of GnRH to trigger ovulation. Therefore, the GnRH neurons in non-mammalian species may offer simpler models for the study of their functions in neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction, especially ovulation. Our research group has taken advantage of many unique technical advantages of small fish brain for the study of anatomy and physiology of GnRH neurons, which underly regular ovulatory cycles during the breeding season. Here, recent advances in multidisciplinary study of GnRH neurons are reviewed, with a focus on studies using small teleost fish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Tachibana H, Watanabe Y, Kurokawa S, Maeyama T, Hiroki T, Ikoma H, Hirashima H, Kojima H, Shiinoki T, Tanimoto Y, Shimizu H, Shishido H, Oka Y, Hirose TA, Kinjo M, Morozumi T, Kurooka M, Suzuki H, Saito T, Fujita K, Shirata R, Inada R, Yada R, Yamashita M, Kondo K, Hanada T, Takenaka T, Usui K, Okamoto H, Asakura H, Notake R, Kojima T, Kumazaki Y, Hatanaka S, Kikumura R, Nakajima M, Nakada R, Suzuki R, Mizuno H, Kawamura S, Nakamura M, Akimoto T. Multi-Institutional Study of End-to-End Dose Delivery Quality Assurance Testing for Image-Guided Brachytherapy Using a Gel Dosimeter. Brachytherapy 2022; 21:956-967. [PMID: 35902335 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantify dose delivery errors for high-dose-rate image-guided brachytherapy (HDR-IGBT) using an independent end-to-end dose delivery quality assurance test at multiple institutions. The novelty of our study is that this is the first multi-institutional end-to-end dose delivery study in the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS The postal audit used a polymer gel dosimeter in a cylindrical acrylic container for the afterloading system. Image acquisition using computed tomography, treatment planning, and irradiation were performed at each institution. Dose distribution comparison between the plan and gel measurement was performed. The percentage of pixels satisfying the absolute-dose gamma criterion was reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-five institutions participated in this study. The dose uncertainty was 3.6% ± 2.3% (mean ± 1.96σ). The geometric uncertainty with a coverage factor of k = 2 was 3.5 mm. The tolerance level was set to the gamma passing rate of 95% with the agreement criterion of 5% (global)/3 mm, which was determined from the uncertainty estimation. The percentage of pixels satisfying the gamma criterion was 90.4% ± 32.2% (mean ± 1.96σ). Sixty-six percent (23/35) of the institutions passed the verification. Of the institutions that failed the verification, 75% (9/12) had incorrect inputs of the offset between the catheter tip and indexer length in treatment planning and 17% (2/12) had incorrect catheter reconstruction in treatment planning. CONCLUSIONS The methodology should be useful for comprehensively checking the accuracy of HDR-IGBT dose delivery and credentialing clinical studies. The results of our study highlight the high risk of large source positional errors while delivering dose for HDR-IGBT in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenobu Tachibana
- Radiation Safety and Quality Assurance division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shogo Kurokawa
- Radiation Safety and Quality Assurance division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Maeyama
- School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hiroki
- Department of Radiology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ikoma
- Department of Radiation Technology, Ibaraki Prefectual Central Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hirashima
- Deparment of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Kojima
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takehiro Shiinoki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuuki Tanimoto
- Department of Radiology, Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Shimizu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shishido
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Radiology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Hirose
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Kinjo
- Department of Radiology, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medical Science, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Morozumi
- Department of Radiology, Nagano Municipal Hospital, Nagano, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kurooka
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Saito
- Central Division of Radiology, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Akita, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujita
- Department of Radiology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Shirata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inada
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Yada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mikiko Yamashita
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kondo
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Hanada
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takenaka
- Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Usui
- Department of Radiological Technology, Juntendo University, Faculty of Health Science, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okamoto
- Radiation Safety and Quality Assurance Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Radiation Oncology Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Notake
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical And Dental University, Medical Hospital, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Kojima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yu Kumazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shogo Hatanaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Riki Kikumura
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital Of JFCR, Koto, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosei Nakada
- Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Suzuki
- Department of Medical physics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mizuno
- Quality control section, QST hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinji Kawamura
- Division of Radiological Sciences, Teikyo University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Omuta, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mistuhiro Nakamura
- Division of Medical Physics, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Akimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Ogawa S, Yamamoto N, Hagio H, Oka Y, Parhar IS. Multiple gonadotropin-releasing hormone systems in non-mammalian vertebrates: Ontogeny, anatomy, and physiology. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13068. [PMID: 34931380 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Three paralogous genes for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; gnrh1, gnrh2, and gnrh3) and GnRH receptors exist in non-mammalian vertebrates. However, there are some vertebrate species in which one or two of these paralogous genes have become non-functional during evolution. The developmental migration of GnRH neurons in the brain is evolutionarily conserved in mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians, and jawed teleost fish. The three GnRH paralogs have specific expression patterns in the brain and originate from multiple sites. In acanthopterygian teleosts (medaka, cichlid, etc.), the preoptic area (POA)-GnRH1 and terminal nerve (TN)-GnRH3 neuronal types originate from the olfactory regions. In other fish species (zebrafish, goldfish and salmon) with only two GnRH paralogs (GnRH2 and GnRH3), the TN- and POA-GnRH3 neuronal types share the same olfactory origin. However, the developmental origin of midbrain (MB)-GnRH2 neurons is debatable between mesencephalic or neural crest site. Each GnRH system has distinctive anatomical and physiological characteristics, and functions differently. The POA-GnRH1 neurons are hypophysiotropic in nature and function in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. The non-hypophysiotropic GnRH2/GnRH3 neurons probably play neuromodulatory roles in metabolism (MB-GnRH2) and the control of motivational state for sexual behavior (TN-GnRH3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ogawa
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naoyuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Fish Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hanako Hagio
- Laboratory of Fish Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ikegami K, Kajihara S, Umatani C, Nakajo M, Kanda S, Oka Y. Estrogen upregulates the firing activity of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH1) neurons in the evening in female medaka. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13101. [PMID: 35132714 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive function of vertebrates is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In sexually mature females, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the preoptic area (POA) are assumed to be responsible for a cyclic large increase in GnRH release, the GnRH surge, triggering a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which leads to ovulation. Precise temporal regulation of the preovulatory GnRH/LH surge is important for successful reproduction because ovulation should occur after follicular development. The time course of the circulating level of estrogen is correlated with the ovulatory cycle throughout vertebrates. However, the neural mechanisms underlying estrogen-induced preovulatory GnRH surge after folliculogenesis still remain unclear, especially in non-mammals. Here, we used a versatile non-mammalian model medaka for the analysis of the involvement of estrogen in the regulation of POA-GnRH (GnRH1) neurons. Electrophysiological analysis using a whole brain-pituitary in vitro preparation, which maintains the hypophysiotropic function of GnRH1 neurons intact, revealed that 17β-estradiol (E2 ) administration recovers the ovariectomy-induced lowered GnRH1 neuronal activity in the evening, indicating the importance of E2 for upregulation of GnRH1 neuronal activity. The importance of E2 was also confirmed by the fact that GnRH1 neuronal activity was low in short-day photoperiod-conditioned females (low E2 model). However, E2 failed to upregulate the firing activity of GnRH1 neurons in the morning, suggesting the involvement of additional time-of-day signal(s) for triggering GnRH/LH surges at an appropriate timing. We also provide morphological evidence for the localization of estrogen receptor subtypes in GnRH1 neurons. In conclusion, we propose a working hypothesis in which both estrogenic and time-of-day signals act in concert to timely upregulate the firing activity of GnRH1 neurons that trigger the GnRH surge at an appropriate timing in a female-specific manner. This neuroendocrinological mechanism is suggested to be responsible for the generation of ovulatory cycles in female teleosts in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ikegami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Kajihara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikoto Nakajo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Oka Y, Takahashi K, Ohta T. The effects of vanilloid analogues structurally related to capsaicin on the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 30:101243. [PMID: 35280525 PMCID: PMC8914335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is known as a receptor of capsaicin, a spicy ingredient of chili peppers. It is also sensitive to a variety of pungent compounds and is involved in nociception. Here, we focused on the structural characteristics of capsaicin, and investigated whether vanillylmanderic acid (VMA), vanillic acid (VAcid), vanillyl alcohol (VAlc), vanillyl butyl ether (VBE), and vanillin, containing a vanillyl skeleton similar to capsaicin, affected the TRPV1 activities. For detection of TRPV1 activity, intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured in HEK 293 cells heterologously expressing mouse TRPV1 (mTRPV1-HEK) and in mouse sensory neurons. Except for vanillin, four vanilloid analogues dose-dependently increased [Ca2+]i in mTRPV1-HEK. The solutions that dissolved VMA, VAcid and vanillin at high concentrations were acidic, whereas those of VAlc and VBE were neutral. Neutralized VAcid evoked [Ca2+]i increases but neutralized VMA did not. Mutation of capsaicin-sensing sites diminished [Ca2+]i responses to VAcid, VAlc and VBE. VAcid, VMA, and vanillin suppressed the activation of TRPV1 induced by capsaicin. VAcid and VMA also inhibited the acid-induced TRPV1 activation. In sensory neurons, VMA diminished TRPV1 activation by capsaicin or acids. The present data indicate that these structural characteristics of chemical compounds on TRPV1 may provide strategies for the development of novel analgesic drugs targeting nociceptive TRPV1.
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Key Words
- Catecholamine metabolites
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DRG, Dorsal root ganglion
- HEK, Human embryonic kidney
- Heterologous expression
- Intracellular Ca2+ concentration
- Mutagenesis
- Sensory neurons
- TRPV, Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1
- VAcid, Vanillic acid
- VBE, Vanillyl butyl ether
- VMA, Vanillylmandelic acid
- Valc, Vanillyl alcohol
- Vanillyl structure
- [Ca2+], Intracellular Ca2+ concentration
- mTRPV1, Mouse TRPV1
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Oka
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - K Takahashi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.,Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - T Ohta
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.,Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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11
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Arakawa K, Takahata K, Enomoto S, Oka Y, Ozone K, Nakagaki S, Murata K, Kanemura N, Kokubun T. The difference in joint instability affects the onset of cartilage degeneration or subchondral bone changes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:451-460. [PMID: 34906679 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been debated whether the onset of knee osteoarthritis is initiated in cartilage or subchondral bone. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of increasing or decreasing joint instability on cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone changes in knee OA by comparing different models of joint instability. DESIGN We used the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) model and the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. In addition, we created a controlled abnormal tibial translation (CATT) model and a controlled abnormal tibial rotation (CATR) model. We performed joint instability analysis, micro-computed tomography analysis, histological and immunohistological analysis in 4 and 6 weeks. RESULTS The CATT group suppressed joint instability in the ACL-T group (6 weeks; P = 0.032), and the CATR group suppressed joint instability in the DMM group (6 weeks; P = 0.032). Chondrocyte hypertrophy in the ACL-T and DMM groups was increased compared to the Sham group (6 weeks; [ACL-T vs Sham], P = 0.002, 95%CI [5.983-33.025]; [DMM vs Sham], P = 0.022, 95%CI [1.691-28.733]). In the subchondral bone, the BV/TV in the DMM and CATR groups was increased compared to the ACL-T and CATT groups (6 weeks; [DMM vs ACL-T], P = 0.002, 95%CI [7.404-37.582]; [DMM vs CATT], P = 0.014, 95%CI [2.881-33.059]; [CATR vs ACL-T], P = 0.006, 95%CI [4.615-34.793]; [CATR vs CATT], P = 0.048, 95%CI [0.092-30.270]). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that joint instability promotes chondrocyte hypertrophy, but subchondral bone changes were influenced by differences in ACL and meniscus function.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Arakawa
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - K Takahata
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - S Enomoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Y Oka
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - K Ozone
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - S Nakagaki
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - K Murata
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - N Kanemura
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - T Kokubun
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
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12
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Umatani C, Yoshida N, Yamamoto E, Akazome Y, Mori Y, Kanda S, Okubo K, Oka Y. Co-existing Neuropeptide FF and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 3 Coordinately Modulate Male Sexual Behavior. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6486464. [PMID: 34962983 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Animals properly perform sexual behaviors by using multiple sensory cues. However, neural mechanisms integrating multiple sensory cues and regulating motivation for sexual behaviors remain unclear. Here, we focused on peptidergic neurons, terminal nerve gonadotropin-releasing hormone (TN-GnRH) neurons, which receive inputs from various sensory systems and co-express neuropeptide FF (NPFF) in addition to GnRH. Our behavioral analyses using knockout medaka of GnRH (gnrh3) and/or NPFF (npff) demonstrated that some sexual behavioral repertoires were delayed, not disrupted, in gnrh3 and npff single knockout males, while the double knockout appeared to alleviate the significant defects that were observed in single knockouts. We also found anatomical evidence to show that both neuropeptides modulate the sexual behavior-controlling brain areas. Furthermore, we demonstrated that NPFF activates neurons in the preoptic area via indirect pathway, which is considered to induce the increase in motivation for male sexual behaviors. Considering these results, we propose a novel mechanism by which co-existing peptides of the TN-GnRH neurons, NPFF, and GnRH3 coordinately modulate certain neuronal circuit for the control of behavioral motivation. Our results may go a long way toward understanding the functional significance of peptidergic neuromodulation in response to sensory information from the external environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Yoshida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Yamamoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Akazome
- Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Mori
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kataaki Okubo
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Oka Y, Sasaki N, Injev VP. Comparison of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery and Conventional Phacoemulsification on Endothelial Cell Density When Using Torsional Modality. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:4227-4237. [PMID: 34707342 PMCID: PMC8542738 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s329935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the effects of femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and manual phacoemulsification on cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), torsional amplitude, and endothelial cell density (ECD). Patients and Methods This prospective, randomized study was conducted at Oka Eye Clinic (Fukuoka, Japan). Surgeries were performed using FLACS (with LenSx) or conventional technique in adults ≥20 years with grade 2–4 cataracts. Visits included preoperative, surgery day, and 5 postoperative visits (days 1, 4–10, 20–40, 60–120, and 150–210). Primary endpoint was CDE. Secondary endpoints included ECD percent change at day 150–210 versus preoperative visit and average torsional amplitude on surgery day. Exploratory endpoints included central corneal thickness and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Superiority of FLACS to conventional technique was evaluated using t-tests based on a mixed model for repeated measures. Results Full analysis set included 53 eyes per group. Mean cataract grade was 2.92±0.58 in FLACS and 2.94±0.57 in conventional group. FLACS versus conventional method had significantly lower mean CDE (0.213±0.334 versus 1.718±0.898%-seconds, respectively; P<0.0001), demonstrating superiority of FLACS. Low endothelial cell loss (ECL) was achieved with both FLACS and conventional methods (1.5±5.6% and 2.7±5.2%; P=0.260). Torsional amplitude was significantly lower for FLACS versus conventional method (19.6±16.0% versus 31.1±6.6%; P<0.0001). Central corneal thickness was comparable for both methods at all visits except day 1; CDVA was comparable for both methods at all postoperative visits. Conclusion FLACS achieved significantly lower CDE compared with the conventional surgical method (P<0.0001). Low ECL was achieved with both FLACS (1.5%) and conventional (2.7%) methods. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/xzalrupRtlw
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14
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Kasahara Y, Narukawa M, Ishimaru Y, Kanda S, Umatani C, Takayama Y, Tominaga M, Oka Y, Kondo K, Kondo T, Takeuchi A, Misaka T, Abe K, Asakura T. TMC4 is a novel chloride channel involved in high-concentration salt taste sensation. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:23. [PMID: 34429071 PMCID: PMC10717410 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
"Salty taste" sensation is evoked when sodium and chloride ions are present together in the oral cavity. The presence of an epithelial cation channel that receives Na+ has previously been reported. However, no molecular entity involving Cl- receptors has been elucidated. We report the strong expression of transmembrane channel-like 4 (TMC4) in the circumvallate and foliate papillae projected to the glossopharyngeal nerve, mediating a high-concentration of NaCl. Electrophysiological analysis using HEK293T cells revealed that TMC4 was a voltage-dependent Cl- channel and the consequent currents were completely inhibited by NPPB, an anion channel blocker. TMC4 allowed permeation of organic anions including gluconate, but their current amplitudes at positive potentials were less than that of Cl-. Tmc4-deficient mice showed significantly weaker glossopharyngeal nerve response to high-concentration of NaCl than the wild-type littermates. These results indicated that TMC4 is a novel chloride channel that responds to high-concentration of NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kasahara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masataka Narukawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University, 35 Kitahiyoshicho Imakumano Higashiyama, Kyoto, 605-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takayama
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-Higashiyama, Myodaijicho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-Higashiyama, Myodaijicho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Thermal Biology Research Group, Exploratory Research Center On Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Aza-Higashiyama, Myodaijicho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kaori Kondo
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN-IMS, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN-IMS, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ayako Takeuchi
- Department of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, and Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), LiSE 4F C-4, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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15
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Tomihara S, Oka Y, Kanda S. Establishment of open-source semi-automated behavioral analysis system and quantification of the difference of sexual motivation between laboratory and wild strains. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10894. [PMID: 34035352 PMCID: PMC8149402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral analysis plays an important role in wide variety of biological studies, but behavioral recordings often tend to be laborious and are associated with inevitable human-errors. It also takes much time to perform manual behavioral analyses while replaying the videos. On the other hand, presently available automated recording/analysis systems are often specialized for certain types of behavior of specific animals. Here, we established an open-source behavioral recording system using Raspberry Pi, which automatically performs video-recording and systematic file-sorting, and the behavioral recording can be performed more efficiently, without unintentional human operational errors. We also developed an Excel macro that enables us to easily perform behavioral annotation with simple manipulation. Thus, we succeeded in developing an analysis suite that mitigates human tasks and thus reduces human errors. By using this suite, we analyzed the sexual behavior of a laboratory and a wild medaka strain and found a difference in sexual motivation presumably resulting from domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Tomihara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
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16
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Tani K, Wakita A, Tohyama N, Fujita Y, Kito S, Miyasaka R, Mizuno N, Uehara R, Takakura T, Miyake S, Shinoda K, Oka Y, Saito Y, Kojima H, Hayashi N. Evaluation of differences and dosimetric influences of beam models using golden and multi-institutional measured beam datasets in radiation treatment planning systems. Med Phys 2020; 47:5852-5871. [PMID: 32969046 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The beam model in radiation treatment planning systems (RTPSs) plays a crucial role in determining the accuracy of calculated dose distributions. The purpose of this study was to ascertain differences in beam models and their dosimetric influences when a golden beam dataset (GBD) and multi-institution measured beam datasets (MBDs) are used for beam modeling in RTPSs. METHODS The MBDs collected from 15 institutions, and the MBDs' beam models, were compared with a GBD, and the GBD's beam model, for Varian TrueBeam linear accelerator. The calculated dose distributions of the MBDs' beam models were compared with those of the GBD's beam model for simple geometries in a water phantom. Calculated dose distributions were similarly evaluated in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for TG-119 C-shape and TG-244 head and neck, at several dose constraints of the planning target volumes (PTVs), and organs at risk. RESULTS The agreements of the MBDs with the GBD were almost all within ±1%. The calculated dose distributions for simple geometries in a water phantom also closely corresponded between the beam models of GBD and MBDs. Nevertheless, there were considerable differences between the beam models. The maximum differences between the mean energy of the energy spectra of GBD and MBDs were -0.12 MeV (-10.5%) in AcurosXB (AXB, Eclipse) and 0.11 MeV (7.7%) in collapsed cone convolution (CCC, RayStation). The differences in the VMAT calculated dose distributions varied for each dose region, plan, X-ray energy, and dose calculation algorithm. The ranges of the differences in the dose constraints were -5.6% to 3.0% for AXB and -24.1% to 2.8% for CCC. In several VMAT plans, the calculated dose distributions of GBD's beam model tended to be lower in high-dose regions and higher in low-dose regions than those of the MBDs' beam models. CONCLUSIONS We found that small differences in beam data have large impacts on the beam models, and on calculated dose distributions in clinical VMAT plan, even if beam data correspond within ±1%. GBD's beam model was not a representative beam model. The beam models of GBD and MBDs and their calculated dose distributions under clinical conditions were significantly different. These differences are most likely due to the extensive variation in the beam models, reflecting the characteristics of beam data. The energy spectrum and radial energy in the beam model varied in a wide range, even if the differences in the beam data were <±1%. To minimize the uncertainty of the calculated dose distributions in clinical plans, it was best to use the institutional MBD for beam modeling, or the beam model that ensures the accuracy of calculated dose distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Tani
- Division of Medical Physics, EuroMediTech Co., LTD., Shinagawa, Tokyo, 141-0022, Japan
| | - Akihisa Wakita
- Division of Medical Physics, EuroMediTech Co., LTD., Shinagawa, Tokyo, 141-0022, Japan
| | - Naoki Tohyama
- Division of Medical Physics, Tokyo Bay Advanced Imaging and Radiation Oncology Makuhari Clinic, Chiba, Chiba, 261-0024, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujita
- Department of Health Sciences, Komazawa University, Setagaya, Tokyo, 154-8525, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kito
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Sumida, Tokyo, 130-8575, Japan.,Division of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryohei Miyasaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Norifumi Mizuno
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Chuo, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Uehara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Toru Takakura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0041, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Miyake
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamato Takada Municipal Hospital, Yamatotakada, Nara, 635-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shinoda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Ibaraki, 309-1793, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yasunori Saito
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hideki Kojima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 065-0033, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- School of Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
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Kayo D, Oka Y, Kanda S. Examination of methods for manipulating serum 17β-Estradiol (E2) levels by analysis of blood E2 concentration in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 285:113272. [PMID: 31525376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is widely known that reproduction in vertebrates is regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Although the mechanism of the HPG axis has been well documented in mammals, it cannot be always applied to that in non-mammalian species, which is a great disadvantage in understanding reproduction of vertebrates in general. Recently, transgenic and genome editing tools have rapidly been developed in small teleosts, and thus these species are expected to be useful for the understanding of general mechanism of reproduction in vertebrates. One of the major sex steroid hormones in female vertebrates 17β-Estradiol (E2) plays crucial roles in the formation of sexual dimorphism and the HPG axis regulation. In spite of the importance of E2 in reproductive regulation, only a few studies have analyzed blood E2 levels in small teleosts that are easily amenable to genetic manipulation. In the present study, we analyzed blood E2 concentration in medaka and demonstrated that female medaka show diurnal changes in blood E2 concentration. We then examined the best method for manipulating the circulating E2. First, we found that ovariectomy (OVX) drastically removes endogenous E2 in a day in female medaka. We examined different methods for E2 administration and revealed that feeding administration of E2-containing food is the most convenient and physiological method for mimicking the diurnal E2 changes of female medaka. On the other hand, the medaka exposed to E2 containing water showed high blood E2 concentrations, which exceeds those of environmental water, suggesting that E2 may cause bioconcentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Kayo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Present address: Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan.
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Oka Y, Takata N, Itoh K. Sleep habit and internet use among Japanese preschoolers. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Oka Y, Itoh K, Norimi T. Sleep habit and internet use of preschoolers. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Miki A, Satake H, Watanabe T, Tanaka N, Hirata K, Shimozaki K, Tanioka H, Matsuura M, Kyogoku T, Tatsumi M, Matoba K, Oka Y, Adachi S, Yasui H, Kotaka M, Kato T, Tsuji A. Primary results of multicenter phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 and oxaliplatin for locally advanced gastric cancer (Neo G-SOX PII). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Murata K, Kokubun T, Onitsuka K, Oka Y, Kano T, Morishita Y, Ozone K, Kuwabara N, Nishimoto J, Isho T, Takayanagi K, Kanemura N. Controlling joint instability after anterior cruciate ligament transection inhibits transforming growth factor-beta-mediated osteophyte formation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1185-1196. [PMID: 31026650 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal joint instability contributes to cartilage damage and osteophyte formation. We investigated whether controlling joint instability inhibited chronic synovial membrane inflammation and delayed osteophyte formation and examined the role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in the associated mechanism. DESIGN Rats (n = 94) underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection. Anterior tibial instability was either controlled (CAM group) or allowed to continue (SHAM group). At 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery, radiologic, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay examinations were performed to evaluate osteophyte formation and TGF-β signaling. RESULTS Joint instability increased cartilage degeneration score and osteophyte formation, and cell hyperplasia and proliferation and synovial thickening were observed in the synovial membrane. Major findings were increased TGF-β expression and Smad2/3 following TGF-β phosphorylation in synovial membarene, articular cartilage, and the posterior tibial growth plate (TGF-β expression using ELISA: 4 weeks; P = 0.009, 95% CI [260.1-1340.0]) (p-Smad2/3 expression density: 4 weeks; P = 0.024, 95% CI [1.67-18.27], 8 weeks; P = 0.034, 95% CI [1.25-25.34]). However, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and Smad1/5/8 levels were not difference between the SHAM model and the CAM model. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the difference between anterior tibial instability caused a change in the expression level of TGF in the posterior tibia and synovial membrane, and the reaction might be consequently involved in osteophyte formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Murata
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - T Kokubun
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - K Onitsuka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Y Oka
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - T Kano
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Y Morishita
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - K Ozone
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - N Kuwabara
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - J Nishimoto
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - T Isho
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fujioka General Hospital, Gunma, Japan.
| | - K Takayanagi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - N Kanemura
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.
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Umatani C, Oka Y. Multiple functions of non-hypophysiotropic gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons in vertebrates. Zoological Lett 2019; 5:23. [PMID: 31367467 PMCID: PMC6647275 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-019-0138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone that is generally thought to be important for reproduction. This hormone is produced by hypothalamic GnRH neurons and stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins. On the other hand, vertebrates also have non-hypophysiotropic GnRH peptides, which are produced by extrahypothalamic GnRH neurons. They are mainly located in the terminal nerve, midbrain tegmentum, trigeminal nerve, and spinal cord (sympathetic preganglionic nerves). In vertebrates, there are typically three gnrh paralogues (gnrh1, gnrh2, gnrh3). GnRH-expression in the non-hypophysiotropic neurons (gnrh1 or gnrh3 in the terminal nerve and the trigeminal nerve, gnrh2 in the midbrain tegmentum) occurs from the early developmental stages. Recent studies have suggested that non-hypophysiotropic GnRH neurons play various functional roles. Here, we summarize their anatomical/physiological properties and discuss their possible functions, focusing on studies in vertebrates. GnRH neurons in the terminal nerve show different spontaneous firing properties during the developmental stages. These neurons in adulthood show regular pacemaker firing, and it has been suggested that these neurons show neuromodulatory function related to the regulation of behavioral motivation, etc. In addition to their recognized role in neuromodulation in adult, in juvenile fish, these neurons, which show more frequent burst firing than in adults, are suggested to have novel functions. GnRH neurons in the midbrain tegmentum show regular pacemaker firing similar to that of the adult terminal nerve and are suggested to be involved in modulations of feeding (teleosts) or nutrition-related sexual behaviors (musk shrew). GnRH neurons in the trigeminal nerve are suggested to be involved in nociception and chemosensory avoidance, although the literature on their electrophysiological properties is limited. Sympathetic preganglionic cells in the spinal cord were first reported as peptidergic modulatory neurons releasing GnRH with a putative function in coordinating interaction between vasomotor and exocrine outflow in the sympathetic nervous system. The functional role of non-hypophysiotropic GnRH neurons may thus be in the global modulation of neural circuits in a manner dependent on internal conditions or the external environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
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Kayo D, Zempo B, Tomihara S, Oka Y, Kanda S. Gene knockout analysis reveals essentiality of estrogen receptor β1 (Esr2a) for female reproduction in medaka. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8868. [PMID: 31222039 PMCID: PMC6586646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, sex steroids play crucial roles in multiple systems related to reproduction. In females, estrogens and their receptor estrogen receptor (ER or Esr) play indispensable roles in the negative sex steroid feedback regulation of pituitary gonadotropin secretion, which prevents excessive development of ovarian follicles. However, the mechanism of this feedback regulation of a gonadotropin, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which is essential for folliculogenesis throughout vertebrates, is poorly understood. In the present study, we generated knockouts of all subtypes of nuclear estrogen receptors in a model teleost medaka, which is suitable for the study of endocrine control and behavioral assays, and analyzed fertility, behavior and functionality of estrogen feedback in each knockout line. Among the estrogen receptors, we revealed that an estrogen receptor Esr2a plays an essential role in this feedback regulation. In addition to this, we also found that esr2a-/- females showed oviduct atresia, which causes complete infertility. Interestingly, esr2a-/- females showed apparently normal sexual behavior but without oviposition in response to male courtship. This phenotype indicates that physical readiness and motivation of sexual behavior is independently controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Kayo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Buntaro Zempo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Division of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Soma Tomihara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan.
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Kikuchi Y, Hiraki-Kajiyama T, Nakajo M, Umatani C, Kanda S, Oka Y, Matsumoto K, Ozawa H, Okubo K. Sexually Dimorphic Neuropeptide B Neurons in Medaka Exhibit Activated Cellular Phenotypes Dependent on Estrogen. Endocrinology 2019; 160:827-839. [PMID: 30776298 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain and behavior of teleosts are highly sexually plastic throughout life, yet the underlying neural mechanisms are largely unknown. On examining brain morphology in the teleost medaka (Oryzias latipes), we identified distinctively large neurons in the magnocellular preoptic nucleus that occurred much more abundantly in females than in males. Examination of sex-reversed medaka showed that the sexually dimorphic abundance of these neurons is dependent on gonadal phenotype, but independent of sex chromosome complement. Most of these neurons in females, but none in males, produced neuropeptide B (Npb), whose expression is known to be estrogen-dependent and associated with female sexual receptivity. In phenotypic analysis, the female-specific Npb neurons had a large euchromatic nucleus with an abundant cytoplasm containing plentiful rough endoplasmic reticulum, exhibited increased overall transcriptional activity, and typically displayed a spontaneous regular firing pattern. These phenotypes, which are probably indicative of cellular activation, were attenuated by ovariectomy and restored by estrogen replacement. Furthermore, the population of Npb-expressing neurons emerged in adult males treated with estrogen, not through frequently occurring neurogenesis in the adult teleost brain, but through the activation of preexisting, quiescent male counterpart neurons. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the morphological, transcriptional, and electrophysiological phenotypes of sexually dimorphic preoptic Npb neurons are highly dependent on estrogen and can be switched between female and male patterns. These properties of the preoptic Npb neurons presumably underpin the neural mechanism for sexual differentiation and plasticity of brain and behavior in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kikuchi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Towako Hiraki-Kajiyama
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mikoto Nakajo
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsumoto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ozawa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kataaki Okubo
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Kanemura N, Kokubun T, Morishita Y, Murata K, Shimahara Y, Nakajima A, Oka Y, Takayanagi K. Gene expressions dynamics in nerve regeneration after anterior cruciate ligament injury in a rat model. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Kokubun T, Shono H, Morishita Y, Kanemura N, Murata K, Kano T, Ozone K, Oka Y, Hayashi H, Takayanagi K. Integrin and fibronectin guide bridging movement of remnants during anterior cruciate ligament spontaneous healing in rat model. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Nakajima A, Murata K, Morishita Y, Kokubun T, Oka Y, Kanemura N. Improvement in joint instability reduces inflammatory pain of early knee osteoarthritis. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Oka Y, Itoh K, Takata N. 0824 Sleep Habit Among Preschoolers: Comparison Between Children Attending Kindergartens and Nursery Schools. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Oka
- Center for Sleep Medicine, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, JAPAN
| | - K Itoh
- Ube Frontier College, Yamaguchi, JAPAN
| | - N Takata
- School of Nursing, Shikoku University, Tokushima, JAPAN
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29
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Oka Y, Takata N. 0822 Sleep Environment at Nursery Schools: Prevention of Infant Death During Sleep. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Oka
- Center for Sleep Medicine, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, JAPAN
| | - N Takata
- School of Nursing, Shikoku University, Tokushima, JAPAN
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30
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Shiga Y, Akiyama M, Nishiguchi KM, Sato K, Shimozawa N, Takahashi A, Momozawa Y, Hirata M, Matsuda K, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S, Oze I, Mikami H, Naito M, Wakai K, Yoshikawa M, Miyake M, Yamashiro K, Kashiwagi K, Iwata T, Mabuchi F, Takamoto M, Ozaki M, Kawase K, Aihara M, Araie M, Yamamoto T, Kiuchi Y, Nakamura M, Ikeda Y, Sonoda KH, Ishibashi T, Nitta K, Iwase A, Shirato S, Oka Y, Satoh M, Sasaki M, Fuse N, Suzuki Y, Cheng CY, Khor CC, Baskaran M, Perera S, Aung T, Vithana EN, Cooke Bailey JN, Kang JH, Pasquale LR, Haines JL, Wiggs JL, Burdon KP, Gharahkhani P, Hewitt AW, Mackey DA, MacGregor S, Craig JE, Allingham RR, Hauser M, Ashaye A, Budenz DL, Akafo S, Williams SEI, Kamatani Y, Nakazawa T, Kubo M. Genome-wide association study identifies seven novel susceptibility loci for primary open-angle glaucoma. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:1486-1496. [PMID: 29452408 PMCID: PMC6251544 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide for which 15 disease-associated loci had been discovered. Among them, only 5 loci have been associated with POAG in Asians. We carried out a genome-wide association study and a replication study that included a total of 7378 POAG cases and 36 385 controls from a Japanese population. After combining the genome-wide association study and the two replication sets, we identified 11 POAG-associated loci, including 4 known (CDKN2B-AS1, ABCA1, SIX6 and AFAP1) and 7 novel loci (FNDC3B, ANKRD55-MAP3K1, LMX1B, LHPP, HMGA2, MEIS2 and LOXL1) at a genome-wide significance level (P < 5.0×10-8), bringing the total number of POAG-susceptibility loci to 22. The 7 novel variants were subsequently evaluated in a multiethnic population comprising non-Japanese East Asians (1008 cases, 591 controls), Europeans (5008 cases, 35 472 controls) and Africans (2341 cases, 2037 controls). The candidate genes located within the new loci were related to ocular development (LMX1B, HMGA2 and MAP3K1) and glaucoma-related phenotypes (FNDC3B, LMX1B and LOXL1). Pathway analysis suggested epidermal growth factor receptor signaling might be involved in POAG pathogenesis. Genetic correlation analysis revealed the relationships between POAG and systemic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. These results improve our understanding of the genetic factors that affect the risk of developing POAG and provide new insight into the genetic architecture of POAG in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Shiga
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji M Nishiguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kota Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shimozawa
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Munemitsu Yoshikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red-Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, Tokyo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Mabuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | | | - Mineo Ozaki
- Ozaki Eye Hospital, Hyuga, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kawase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Araie
- Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koh-Hei Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishibashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Nitta
- Fukuiken Saiseikai Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Mamoru Satoh
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoichi Suzuki
- Department of Education and Training, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Mani Baskaran
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Shamira Perera
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Adeyinka Ashaye
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Donald L Budenz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Stephan Akafo
- University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry, Ghana
| | - Susan E I Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
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Umatani C, Oka Y. Juvenile-Specific Burst Firing of Terminal Nerve GnRH3 Neurons Suggests Novel Functions in Addition to Neuromodulation. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1678-1689. [PMID: 29409015 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptidergic neurons are suggested to play a key role in neuromodulation of animal behaviors in response to sensory cues in the environment. Terminal nerve gonadotropin-releasing hormone 3 (TN-GnRH3) neurons are thought to be one of the peptidergic neurons important for such neuromodulation in adult vertebrates. On the other hand, it has been reported that TN-GnRH3 neurons are labeled by a specific GnRH3 antibody from early developmental stages to adulthood and are thus suggested to produce mature GnRH3 peptide even in the early developmental stages. However, it remains unknown when TN-GnRH3 neurons show spontaneous burst firing, which is suggested to be involved in neuropeptide release. Using a whole-brain in vitro preparation of gnrh3:enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) medaka fish, we first recorded spontaneous firings of TN-GnRH3 neurons after hatching to adulthood. Contrary to what one would expect from their neuromodulatory functions-that TN-GnRH3 neurons are more active in adulthood-TN-GnRH3 neurons in juveniles showed spontaneous burst firing more frequently than in adulthood (juvenile-specific burst firing). Ca2+ imaging of TN-GnRH3 neurons in juveniles may further suggest that juvenile-specific burst firing triggers neuropeptide release. Furthermore, juvenile-specific burst firing was suggested to be induced by blocking persistent GABAergic inhibition to the glutamatergic neurons, which leads to an increase in glutamatergic synaptic inputs to TN-GnRH3 neurons. The present study reports that peptidergic neurons show juvenile-specific burst firing involved in triggering peptide release and suggests that juvenile TN-GnRH3 neurons have novel functions, in addition to neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Umatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Zempo B, Karigo T, Kanda S, Akazome Y, Oka Y. Morphological Analysis of the Axonal Projections of EGFP-Labeled Esr1-Expressing Neurons in Transgenic Female Medaka. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1228-1241. [PMID: 29300923 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Some hypothalamic neurons expressing estrogen receptor α (Esr1) are thought to transmit a gonadal estrogen feedback signal to gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) neurons, which is the final common pathway for feedback regulation of reproductive functions. Moreover, estrogen-sensitive neurons are suggested to control sexual behaviors in coordination with reproduction. In mammals, hypothalamic estrogen-sensitive neurons release the peptide kisspeptin and regulate GnRH1 neurons. However, a growing body of evidence in nonmammalian species casts doubt on the regulation of GnRH1 neurons by kisspeptin neurons. As a step toward understanding how estrogen regulates neuronal circuits for reproduction and sex behavior in vertebrates in general, we generated a transgenic (Tg) medaka that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) specifically in esr1-expressing neurons (esr1 neurons) and analyzed their axonal projections. We found that esr1 neurons in the preoptic area (POA) project to the gnrh1 neurons. We also demonstrated by transcriptome and histological analyses that these esr1 neurons are glutamatergic or γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) but not kisspeptinergic. We therefore suggest that glutamatergic and GABAergic esr1 neurons in the POA regulate gnrh1 neurons. This hypothesis is consistent with previous studies in mice that found that glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission is critical for estrogen-dependent changes in GnRH1 neuron firing. Thus, we propose that this neuronal circuit may provide an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for regulation of reproduction. In addition, we showed that telencephalic esr1 neurons project to medulla, which may control sexual behavior. Moreover, we found that some POA-esr1 neurons coexpress progesterone receptors. These neurons may form the neuronal circuits that regulate reproduction and sex behavior in response to the serum estrogen/progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buntaro Zempo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Division of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Karigo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 156-29, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Akazome
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakajo M, Kanda S, Karigo T, Takahashi A, Akazome Y, Uenoyama Y, Kobayashi M, Oka Y. Evolutionally Conserved Function of Kisspeptin Neuronal System Is Nonreproductive Regulation as Revealed by Nonmammalian Study. Endocrinology 2018; 159:163-183. [PMID: 29053844 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The kisspeptin neuronal system, which consists of a neuropeptide kisspeptin and its receptor Gpr54, is considered in mammals a key factor of reproductive regulation, the so-called hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, in nonmammalian vertebrates, especially in teleosts, existence of kisspeptin regulation on the HPG axis is still controversial. In this study, we applied multidisciplinary techniques to a teleost fish, medaka, and examined possible kisspeptin regulation on the HPG axis. First, we generated knockout medaka for kisspeptin-related genes and found that they show normal fertility, gonadal maturation, and expression of gonadotropins. Moreover, the firing activity of GnRH1 neurons recorded by the patch clamp technique was not altered by kisspeptin application. Furthermore, in goldfish, in vivo kisspeptin administration did not show any positive effect on HPG axis regulation. However, as kisspeptin genes are completely conserved among vertebrates except birds, we surmised that kisspeptin should have some important nonreproductive functions in vertebrates. Therefore, to discover novel functions of kisspeptin, we generated a gpr54-1:enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic medaka, whose gpr54-1-expressing cells are specifically labeled by EGFP. Analysis of neuronal projection of gpr54-1:EGFP-expressing neurons showed that these neurons in the ventrolateral preoptic area project to the pituitary and are probably involved in endocrine regulation other than gonadotropin release. Furthermore, combination of deep sequencing, histological, and electrophysiological analyses revealed various novel neural systems that are under control of kisspeptin neurons-that is, those expressing neuropeptide Yb, cholecystokinin, isotocin, vasotocin, and neuropeptide B. Thus, our new strategy to genetically label receptor-expressing neurons gives insights into various kisspeptin-dependent neuronal systems that may be conserved in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikoto Nakajo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Karigo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Akazome
- Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Uenoyama
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi Japan
| | - Makito Kobayashi
- Department of Life Science, International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Oka Y, Tanno S, Kawasaki Y, Shimizu H, Fujino Y, Uetani T. Dual orexin receptor antagonist for the treatment of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hasebe M, Oka Y. High-Frequency Firing Activity of GnRH1 Neurons in Female Medaka Induces the Release of GnRH1 Peptide From Their Nerve Terminals in the Pituitary. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2603-2617. [PMID: 28575187 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons play an important role in promoting secretion of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and ovulation by releasing GnRH peptide. The release of GnRH peptide is generally assumed to be mainly modulated according to the firing activity of GnRH neurons. However, the relationship between the firing activity and the release of GnRH peptide has been elusive. We analyzed the relationship using two lines of transgenic medaka (gnrh1:enhanced green fluorescent protein and lhb:inverse-pericam) for the combined electrophysiological and Ca2+ imaging analyses. We show that a high-frequency firing activity induced by an excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, strongly increases [Ca2+]i in the cell bodies of GnRH1 neurons, which should lead to stimulation of GnRH release. We examined whether this high-frequency firing actually leads to the release of endogenous GnRH1 peptide from the nerve terminals projecting to the pituitary LH cells using a whole brain-pituitary preparation of a fish generated by crossing the two types of transgenic fish. Ca2+ imaging analyses showed that local glutamate activation of GnRH1 cell bodies, but not their nerve terminals in the pituitary, induced a substantial Ca2+ response in LH cells that was abolished in the presence of a GnRH receptor antagonist, Analog M. These results suggest that such an evoked high-frequency firing activity of GnRH1 cell body stimulates the release of endogenous GnRH1 peptide from the axon terminals to the pituitary LH cells. Thus, the findings of the present study have clearly demonstrated the relationship between the firing activity of hypothalamic GnRH neurons and the release of GnRH peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Hasebe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Kamiya K, Shimizu K, Igarashi A, Kitazawa Y, Kojima T, Nakamura T, Oka Y, Matsumoto R. Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation: comparative, multicentre study in 351 eyes with low-to-moderate or high myopia. Br J Ophthalmol 2017; 102:177-181. [PMID: 28611132 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the clinical outcomes of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation with a central hole (Hole Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL), STAAR Surgical) for low-to-moderate myopia and for high myopia. METHODS This multicentre retrospective case series comprised 351 eyes of 351 consecutive patients undergoing ICL implantation. Eyes were divided into groups based on preoperative degree of myopia: group 1; 57 eyes, manifest spherical equivalent less than -6 dioptres (D), and group 2; 294 eyes, -6 D or more. Safety, efficacy, predictability, stability and adverse events were compared preoperatively; and at 1 day, 1 week and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, RESULTS: Uncorrected and corrected visual acuities were -0.17±0.14 and -0.21±0.10 logMAR in group 1, and -0.16±0.09 and -0.21±0.08 logMAR in group 2, 1 year postoperatively. In groups 1 and 2, 98% and 99% of eyes were within 1.0 D of the targeted correction. Manifest refraction changes of -0.12±0.34 D (group 1) and -0.18±0.43 D (group 2) occurred from 1 day to 1 year. ICL exchanges were necessary in two eyes (0.7%) in group 2. No vision-threatening complications occurred at any time. CONCLUSIONS The ICL performed well for the correction of both low-to-moderate myopia and high myopia throughout the 1-year observation period. The clinical outcomes of ICL implantation for low-to-moderate myopia are essentially equivalent to those for high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Kamiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kitasato School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kimiya Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanno Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Gifu Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Koshizuka
- University of Tokyo, Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering 2-22 Shirane, Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-11, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- University of Tokyo, Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering 2-22 Shirane, Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-11, Japan
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38
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Oka Y, Takadama K, Harada T, Kashima T, Morishima M. 0775 SLEEP STAGE ESTIMATION USING A NON-CONTACT BIOSENSOR. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Oka Y, Takata N, Horiuchi F, Ito K, Yamamoto R. 0978 PREVENTION OF SUDDEN UNEXPECTED INFANT DEATH (SUID) DURING SLEEP AT NURSERY SCHOOLS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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40
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Komori A, Morisaki T, Mutoh T, Sakakibara S, Takeiri Y, Kumazawa R, Kubo S, Ida K, Morita S, Narihara K, Shimozuma T, Tanaka K, Watanabe KY, Yamada H, Yoshinuma M, Akiyama T, Ashikawa N, Emoto M, Funaba H, Goto M, Ido T, Ikeda K, Inagaki S, Isobe M, Igami H, Itoh K, Kaneko O, Kawahata K, Kobuchi T, Masuzaki S, Matsuoka K, Minami T, Miyazawa J, Muto S, Nagayama Y, Nakamura Y, Nakanishi H, Narushima Y, Nishimura K, Nishiura M, Nishizawa A, Noda N, Ohdachi S, Oka Y, Osakabe M, Ohyabu N, Ozaki T, Peterson BJ, Sagara A, Saito K, Sakamoto R, Sato K, Sato M, Seki T, Shoji M, Sudo S, Tamura N, Toi K, Tokuzawa T, Tsumori K, Uda T, Watari T, Yamada I, Yokoyama M, Yoshimura Y, Motojima O, Beidler CD, Fujita T, Isayama A, Sakamoto Y, Takenaga H, Goncharov P, Ishii K, Sakamoto M, Murakami S, Notake T, Takeuchi N, Okajima S, Sasao M. Overview of Progress in LHD Experiments. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Emoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ido
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kobuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Minami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Muto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakanishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Nishizawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Uda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - C. D. Beidler
- Max-Planck Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Greifswald D-17491, Germany
| | - T. Fujita
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - A. Isayama
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - Y. Sakamoto
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - H. Takenaga
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, School of Mathematical and Physical Science Department of Fusion Science, Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - K. Ishii
- Kyushu University, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - M. Sakamoto
- Kyushu University, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - S. Okajima
- Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Shimozuma T, Yokoyama M, Ida K, Takeiri Y, Kubo S, Murakami S, Wakasa A, Idei H, Yoshimura Y, Notake T, Inagaki S, Tamura N, Toi K, Ohyabu N, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Tsumori K, Oka Y, Nagaoka K, Kaneko O, Yamada I, Narihara K, Nagayam Y, Muto S, Tanaka K, Tokuzawa T, Morita S, Goto M, Yoshinuma M, Funaba H, Morisaki T, Watanabe KY, Miyazawa J, Mutoh T, Watari T, Ohkubo K. Improvement of Plasma Core Confinement Via Electron-Root Realization by Strongly Focused ECRH in LHD: Core Electron-Root Confinement. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - A. Wakasa
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - H. Idei
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- RIKEN, Tera-Photonics Laboratory, Aoba Sendai-City, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayam
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Muto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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Takeiri Y, Kubo S, Shimozuma T, Yokoyama M, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Tsumori K, Oka Y, Nagaoka K, Yoshimura Y, Ida K, Funaba H, Murakami S, Tanaka K, Peterson BJ, Yamada I, Ohyabu N, Ohkubo K, Kaneko O, Komori A. Electron ITB Formation with Combination of NBI and ECH in LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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Seki T, Mutoh T, Kumazawa R, Saito K, Nakamura Y, Sakamoto M, Watanabe T, Kubo S, Shimozuma T, Yoshimura Y, Igami H, Ohkubo K, Takeiri Y, Oka Y, Tsumori K, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Nagaoka K, Kaneko O, Miyazawa J, Morita S, Narihara K, Shoji M, Masuzaki S, Goto M, Morisaki T, Peterson BJ, Sato K, Tokuzawa T, Ashikawa N, Nishimura K, Funaba H, Chikaraishi H, Takeuchi N, Notake T, Ogawa H, Torii Y, Shimpo F, Nomura G, Yokota M, Takahashi C, Kato A, Takase Y, Kasahara H, Ichimura M, Higaki H, Zhao YP, Kwak JG, Yamada H, Kawahata K, Ohyabu N, Ida K, Nagayama Y, Noda N, Watari T, Komori A, Sudo S, Motojima O. Study of Long-Pulse Plasma Experiment Using ICRF Heating in LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | | | - T. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Chikaraishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- Nagoya University, Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- Nagoya University, Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - H. Ogawa
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama 240-0162, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - F. Shimpo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - G. Nomura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokota
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - C. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | | | | | | | - H. Higaki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Y. P. Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Academia Sinica, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - J. G. Kwak
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-600, Korea Rep
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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Motojima O, Yamada H, Komori A, Watanabe KY, Mutoh T, Takeiri Y, Ida K, Akiyama T, Asakura N, Ashikawa N, Chikaraishi H, Cooper WA, Emoto M, Fujita T, Fujiwara M, Funaba H, Goncharov P, Goto M, Hamada Y, Higashijima S, Hino T, Hoshino M, Ichimura M, Idei H, Ido T, Ikeda K, Imagawa S, Inagaki S, Isayama A, Isobe M, Itoh T, Itoh K, Kado S, Kalinina D, Kaneba T, Kaneko O, Kato D, Kato T, Kawahata K, Kawashima H, Kawazome H, Kobuchi T, Kondo K, Kubo S, Kumazawa R, Lyon JF, Maekawa R, Mase A, Masuzaki S, Mito T, Matsuoka K, Miura Y, Miyazawa J, More R, Morisaki T, Morita S, Murakami I, Murakami S, Mutoh S, Nagaoka K, Nagasaki K, Nagayama Y, Nakamura Y, Nakanishi H, Narihara K, Narushima Y, Nishimura H, Nishimura K, Nishiura M, Nishizawa A, Noda N, Notake T, Nozato H, Ohdachi S, Ohkubo K, Ohyabu N, Oyama N, Oka Y, Okada H, Osakabe M, Ozaki T, Peterson BJ, Sagara A, Saida T, Saito K, Sakakibara S, Sakamoto M, Sakamoto R, Sasao M, Sato K, Seki T, Shimozuma T, Shoji M, Sudo S, Takagi S, Takahashi Y, Takase Y, Takenaga H, Takeuchi N, Tamura N, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Toi K, Takahata K, Tokuzawa T, Torii Y, Tsumori K, Watanabe F, Watanabe M, Watanabe T, Watari T, Yamada I, Yamada S, Yamaguchi T, Yamamoto S, Yamazaki K, Yanagi N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida N, Yoshimura S, Yoshimura Y, Yoshinuma M. Review on the Progress of the LHD Experiment. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Asakura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Chikaraishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - W. A. Cooper
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Emoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Fujita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Fujiwara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Hamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Higashijima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Hino
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Hoshino
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Ichimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Idei
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ido
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Imagawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Isayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kado
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - D. Kalinina
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kaneba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - D. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Kawashima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Kawazome
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kobuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. F. Lyon
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Mase
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Miura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. More
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagasaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakanishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Nishizawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nozato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Oyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Okada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Saida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Takagi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takase
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Takenaga
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Takahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - F. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Yamaguchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yamamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Yamazaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Yanagi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Yoshida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
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Murakami S, Yamada H, Sasao M, Isobe M, Ozaki T, Saida T, Goncharov P, Lyon JF, Osakabe M, Seki T, Takeiri Y, Oka Y, Tumori K, Ikeda K, Mutoh T, Kumazawa R, Saito K, Torii Y, Watari T, Wakasa A, Watanabe KY, Funaba H, Yokoyama M. Effect of Neoclassical Transport Optimization on Energetic Ion Confinement in LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - T. Saida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8072
| | - J. F. Lyon
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science, 464-8603, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Wakasa
- Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany
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Shibata T, Sakamoto J, Osaka Y, Neyatani N, Fujita S, Oka Y, Takagi H, Mori H, Fujita H, Tanaka Y, Sasagawa T. Myeloperoxidase in blood neutrophils during normal and abnormal menstrual cycles in women of reproductive age. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 39:169-174. [PMID: 28013526 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously reported that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plays a critical role in ovulation, suggesting that neutrophils may maintain ovulation. We assessed myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major and specific enzyme of neutrophils, in women with abnormal and normal menstrual cycles to clarify the relationship between MPO and ovulation. METHODS We analyzed MPO activity in blood neutrophils of women with abnormal menstrual cycles (indicative of anovulation, n = 12) and age- and body mass index-matched normal menstrual cycles (indicative of ovulation, n = 24) using two parameters as a marker of MPO, Neut X and mean peroxidase index (MPXI). RESULTS MPO of women with abnormal menstrual cycles was significantly lower than that of women with normal menstrual cycles [Neut X: 62.6 ± 1.1 (mean ± standard error of the mean) vs. 66.2 ± 0.3, P = 0.009; MPXI: -0.54 ± 1.66 vs. 4.91 ± 0.53, P = 0.008]. Among women with normal menstrual cycles, MPO was highest in the follicular phase (Neut X: 67.0 ± 0.3; P = 0.033). CONCLUSION The difference in MPO between women with abnormal and normal menstrual cycles and the upregulation of MPO before ovulation suggest that neutrophils and MPO are closely related to ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - J Sakamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Y Osaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - N Neyatani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - S Fujita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Y Oka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H Takagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H Mori
- Department of Central Clinical Laboratory, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H Fujita
- Department of Central Clinical Laboratory, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Department of Central Clinical Laboratory, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - T Sasagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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Abstract
Close interaction exists between energy-consuming reproduction and nutritional status. However, there are differences in costs and priority for reproduction among species and even between sexes, which leads to diversification of interactions between reproduction and nutritional status. Despite such diversified interactions among species and sexes, most of the analysis of the nutritional status-dependent regulation of reproduction has been limited to an endothermic vertebrate, mammalian species of either sex. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying the diversified interactions remain elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated the effects of malnutritional status on reproduction at both organismal and cellular levels in an ectothermic vertebrate, a teleost medaka of both sexes. First, we analyzed the effects of malnutrition by fasting on gonadosomatic index, number of spawned/fertilized eggs, and courtship behavior. Fasting strongly suppressed reproduction in females but, surprisingly, not in males. Next, we analyzed the effects of fasting on firing activity of hypothalamic GnRH1 neurons, which form the final common pathway for the control of reproduction. An electrophysiological analysis showed that low glucose, which is induced by fasting, directly suppresses the firing activity of GnRH1 neurons specifically in females through intracellular ATP-sensitive potassium channels and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. Based on the fact that such suppressions occurred only in females, we conclude that nutritional status-dependent, glucose-sensing in GnRH1 neurons may contribute to the most fitted reproductive regulation for each sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Hasebe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abstract
Reproduction is essential for life, but its regulatory mechanism is diverse. The analysis of this diversity should lead us to understand the evolutionary process of the regulation of reproduction. In mammals, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis plays an essential role in such regulation, and each component, hypothalamic GnRH, and pituitary gonadotropins, LH, and FSH, is indispensable. However, the common principle of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation among vertebrates remains unclear. Here, we used a teleost medaka, which is phylogenetically distant from mammals, and analyzed phenotypes of gene knockouts (KOs) for GnRH, LH, and FSH. We showed that LH release, which we previously showed to be directly triggered by GnRH, is essential for ovulation in females, because KO medaka of GnRH and LH were anovulatory in spite of the full follicular growth and normal gonadosomatic index, and spawning could be induced by a medaka LH receptor agonist. On the other hand, we showed that FSH is necessary for the folliculogenesis, because the follicular growth of FSH KO medaka was halted at the previtellogenic stage, but FSH release does not necessarily require GnRH. By comparing these results with the previous studies in mammals that both GnRH and LH are necessary for folliculogenesis, we propose a hypothesis as follows. During evolution, LH was originally specialized for ovulation, and regulation of folliculogenesis by GnRH-LH (pulsatile release) was newly acquired in mammals, which enabled fine tuning of reproduction through hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Takahashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Abe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Tanioka H, Yamashita K, Tsuruta A, Tsuji A, Nagasaka T, Okumura H, Oka Y, Inukai M, Yamakawa T, Yamatsuji T, Yoshimitsu M, Toyota K, Yamano T, Okajima M. P-053 Updated analysis of induction & maintenance adjuvant chemotherapy with 3-month oxaliplatin-based regimen followed by 3 months capecitabine in patients with stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer :(JSWOG C2). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw199.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Oka Y, Horiuchi F, Kawabe K. Effect of sleep intervention using a summer holiday workbook for junior high-school students. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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