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Chen Y, Chen Y, Wang N, Gu S, Wang M, Fu Y, Wei C, Xu W. Doxycycline in Extremely Low Dose Improves Glycemic Control and Islet Morphology in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:637-646. [PMID: 33603428 PMCID: PMC7884939 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s292264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic low-grade inflammation is detected in obese and diabetic individuals. Tetracyclines, used as antibiotics for years, have been demonstrated to have diverse non-bactericidal effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to investigate whether doxycycline at sub-antimicrobial concentrations could improve glycemic control in mice fed a high-fat diet, through its anti-inflammatory activities. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet to induce diabetic and obese conditions. Three sub-antimicrobial dosages of doxycycline (200, 20, and 2 μg/mL) were added to drinking water for 23 weeks during the housing phase. RESULTS Doxycycline at 200 μg/mL tended to increase body weight, islet mass, and the percentage of large islets (diameter >350 μm). At 20 μg/mL, doxycycline significantly improved glucose tolerance and decreased fasting blood glucose. At 2 μg/mL, doxycycline increased the percentage of small islets (diameter <80 μm). Serum C-reactive protein and lipopolysaccharide levels significantly decreased while the beta-cell ratio increased in all doxycycline-administered mice. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that doxycycline, even at an extremely low dose, could improve glycemic control and islet morphology via its anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanhong Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chiju Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Chiju Wei Shantou University, 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Wencan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Wencan Xu Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China Email
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Yu W, Qin J, Chen C, Fu Y, Wang W. Moderate calorie restriction attenuates age‑associated alterations and improves cardiac function by increasing SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4087-4094. [PMID: 30132522 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends the lifespan of mammals and improves cardiac function by attenuation of age‑associated alterations. Sirtuins (SIRT) are involved in these mechanisms, however, the extent to which CR affects cardiac function and sirtuin expression remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine to what extent CR affects cardiac function and sirtuin expression. A total of 60 female Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, including normal control (NC), 25% calorie restriction (25% CR), 45% calorie restriction (45% CR) and high‑fat diet (HF). The groups were maintained on these specific regimens for 2 months. CR rats were observed to have significantly lower body weight, heart weight, and left ventricle mass index compared with NC and HF rats. Visceral fat, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein levels were significantly decreased in CR rats. Compared with the 25% CR group, the 45% CR group heart function decreased. The heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, +dp/dt and ‑dp/dt of the 45% CR rats decreased, whereas the left ventricular end‑diastolic pressure increased. To explore the molecular mechanism of CR on cardiac function, immunoblotting was used to detect the protein expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3. The 25% CR diet increased the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in myocardium, whereas the 45% CR and HF diets resulted in a decrease in SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression. Moderate calorie restriction (25% CR) improves cardiac function by attenuation of age‑associated alterations in rats. SIRT1 and SIRT3 are associated with these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Chunjuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Chen R, Huang Z, Wang J, Chen X, Fu Y, Wang W. Silent Information Regulator 1 Negatively Regulates Atherosclerotic Angiogenesis via Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Signaling Pathway. Am J Med Sci 2018; 356:168-176. [PMID: 30219159 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the interactions between silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in intraplaque angiogenesis and their potential mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro studies. METHODS An atherosclerosis model was established in 12 rabbits on a high-cholesterol diet. The rabbits were equally divided into 3 groups: a control group (high-lipid diet), RAP group (high-lipid diet supplemented with rapamycin) and RAP + NAM group (high-lipid diet supplemented with rapamycin and nicotinamide). At the end of 4 weeks, the area of plaques in the aorta was determined and the protein expression of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected through hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. For in vitro study, a hypoxia model was established in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by using the chemical method (CoCl2). The MTT assay, scratch assay and tube formation assay were performed to evaluate the proliferation and angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the mRNA levels of SIRT1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), mTOR and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K). Western blotting was used to examine the protein levels of SIRT1, HIF-1α, mTOR, p-mTOR, p-raptor and p-p70S6K. RESULTS The results of the in vivo study indicated a significant inhibitory effect of rapamycin on plaque size and intraplaque angiogenesis (0.05 ± 0.02mm2 versus 5.44 ± 0.50mm2, P < 0.05). This effect was attenuated by nicotinamide (0.76 ± 0.15mm2 versus 0.05 ± 0.02mm2, P < 0.05). Compared with the RAP group, CD31- and VEGF-positive vessels were abundant in the RAP + NAM group. The RAP group showed lower expression of p-mTOR, p-p70S6K and HIF-1α than did the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the RAP + NAM group showed slightly higher expression of these factors than did the RAP group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed that the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on the angiogenic ability of HUVECs and its significant inhibitory effects on the protein level of HIF-1α and the phosphorylation of proteins involved in the mTORC1 pathway, including mTOR, raptor and p70S6K (P < 0.05), were enhanced by cotreatment with SRT1720 and rapamycin (P < 0.05). In contrast to mTOR and SIRT1, the mRNA levels of p70S6K and HIF-1α were reduced by rapamycin (P < 0.05) and further reduced by cotreatment with SRT1720 and rapamycin. CONCLUSIONS The study results indicate that SIRT1 might negatively regulate atherosclerotic angiogenesis via mTORC1 and HIF-1α signaling pathway and cointervention of SIRT1 and mTOR may serve as a crucial therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runtai Chen
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchun Huang
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Xu R, Xu M, Fu Y, Deng X, Han H, Chen X, He W, Chen G. Transforming growth factor-β1 and lysophosphatidic acid activate integrin β6 gene promoter in Hep-3B cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:439-446. [PMID: 29930716 PMCID: PMC6006494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is difficult to detect αvβ6 integrin (αvβ6) in normal epithelia cells, its expression is upregulated during wound healing and carcinogenesis. Overexpression of αvβ6 has been demonstrated in epithelial cell carcinomas, such as adenocarcinoma of the colon and ovary. However, the expression of αvβ6 has not been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously indicated that LPA may induce αvβ6-mediated TGF-β1 signaling mechanisms during the pathogenesis of lung injury and fibrosis. In addition, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) have been demonstrated to participate in the progression of HCC. In the present study, we hypothesized that TGF-β1 and LPA would serve a key role in the subunit integrin β6 (Itgβ6) transcriptional regulatory mechanism in HCC. It was identified that human HCC tissues and Hep-3B cells expressed Itgβ6. Treatment of Hep-3B with TGF-β1 or LPA increased the expression of Itgβ6. Furthermore, truncation experiments indicated a positive regulatory region at -326 to -157 bp of the Itgβ6 promoter. TGF-β1 and LPA increased transcriptional activation at this regulatory region. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to demonstrate Itgβ6 expression in HCC, and the data indicate that TGF-β1 and LPA regulate Itgβ6 expression through the Itgβ6 gene promoter, which is an important factor in the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Xu
- Minimally Invasive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Hui Han
- Minimally Invasive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xihe Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing He
- Minimally Invasive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Gengzhen Chen
- Minimally Invasive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Gengzhen Chen, Minimally Invasive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou Medical College, 69 Dongxia North Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Li Z, Li X, Lin S, Chen Y, Ma S, Fu Y, Wei C, Xu W. Nicotinic Acid Receptor GPR109A Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects Through Inhibiting the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in MIN6 Pancreatic β cells. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2017; 47:729-737. [PMID: 29263047 DOI: pmid/29263047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We found that activation of the nicotinic acid receptor GPR109A, expressed by the MIN6 murine pancreatic β cell line, inhibits nitric oxide accumulation induced by IFN-γ and TNF-α, implicating an anti-inflammatory effect of GPR109A in MIN6 cells. Nevertheless, the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect is still unknown. In this study, we used palmitic acid to stimulate MIN6 cells to induce inflammatory cytokine production and explored the mechanism by which GPR109A exerts anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining were used to detect the expression of GPR109A in MIN6 cells. Western blotting was used to detect the activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and expression of the inflammatory cytokine INF-γ, in MIN6 cells, following treatments with palmitic acid and palmitic acid+nicotinic acid, or with different concentrations of nicotinic acid and 3-hydroxybutyrate. RESULTS In MIN6 cells, GPR109A transcripts and protein are expressed and GPR109A protein is mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Palmitic acid enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and p70S6K and elevated the expression of IFN-γ. Co-treatment with nicotinic acid, which is an agonist of GPR109A, inhibited the palmitic acid-induced phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K, as well as the expression of IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS GPR109A may inhibit inflammatory cytokine production, induced by palmitic acid, by MIN6 cells possibly via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xitao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shaoda Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongsong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chiju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Wencan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Xu X, Lin S, Chen Y, Li X, Ma S, Fu Y, Wei C, Wang C, Xu W. The Effect of Metformin on the Expression of GPR109A, NF-κB and IL-1β in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2017; 47:556-562. [PMID: 29066482 DOI: pmid/29066482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which often accompanies dyslipidemia, is considered an inflammatory disease. GPR109A, as a niacin receptor, is up-regulated under high glucose concentration. Activation of GPR109A reduces GSIS and exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating NF-κB/IL-1β signaling. Metformin improves hyperglycemia, increases insulin sensitivity and attenuates the activation of the NF-κB pathway in T2DM. We aimed to examine whether metformin plays beneficial effects in T2DM by regulating the GPR109A signaling. METHODS 117 T2DM patients were involved in this study and divided into two groups, the control group (without metformin) and the Metformin (Met) group (orally given metformin, 500mg-2000mg/d). Peripheral blood samples were collected from all the patients for testing PBL counts, biochemical data, and C peptide. Total RNA was isolated from PBLs. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry were used to examine the expression of GPR109A, NF-κB and IL-1β in PBLs. RESULTS FPG, HbA1c and LDL levels were lower and 2hr C peptide was higher in the Met group than in the control group (P<0.05). RT-PCR showed that mRNA levels of GPR109A, NF-κB and IL-1β were lower in the Met group than in the control group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between GPR109A and IL-1β (p<0.01, r=0.425) in the control group, GPR109A and IL-1β (p<0.05, r=0.256), GPR109A, and NF-κB (p<0.05,r=0.295) in the Met group. Immunocytochemistry showed that the GPR109A and NF-κB proteins were localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of PBLs; however, there were no significant differences in the protein expression between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Met may reduce GPR109A expression in PBLs of T2DM patients by suppressing NF-κB/IL-1β signaling. Up-regulated expression of GPR109A may be an inflammatory consequence and the improvement of inflammation may down-regulate the expression of GPR109A in T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
- Humans
- Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
- Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Interleukin-1beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Leukocytes/drug effects
- Leukocytes/immunology
- Leukocytes/metabolism
- Leukocytes/pathology
- Male
- Metformin/administration & dosage
- Metformin/therapeutic use
- Middle Aged
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shaoda Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongsong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xitao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chiju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Minsheng Hospital of Chaonan, Shantou, China
| | - Wencan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Zheng H, Fu Y, Huang Y, Zheng X, Yu W, Wang W. mTOR signaling promotes foam cell formation and inhibits foam cell egress through suppressing the SIRT1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3315-3323. [PMID: 28765952 PMCID: PMC5548025 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic immuno‑inflammatory disease accompanied by dyslipidemia. The authors previously demonstrated that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) may prevent atherogenesis through influencing the liver X receptor/C‑C chemokine receptor type 7/nuclear factor‑κB (LXR‑CCR7/NF‑κB) signaling pathway. Previous studies have suggested a role for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The present study investigated the potential association between mTOR signaling and SIRT1‑LXR‑CCR7/NF‑κB signaling (SIRT1 signaling) in AS pathogenesis. To induce foam cell formation, U937 cells were differentiated into macrophages by exposure to phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate (PMA) for 24 h, followed by treatment with palmitate and oxidized low density lipoprotein for a further 24 h. Oil red O staining revealed a large accumulation of lipid droplets present in foam cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated increased protein levels of phosphorylated (p)‑mTOR and its downstream factor p‑ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K). Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses additionally revealed decreased expression of SIRT1, LXRα and CCR7 and increased expression of NF‑κB and its downstream factor tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) in an atherogenetic condition induced by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). In addition, abundant lipid droplets accumulated in U937‑LPA‑treated foam cells. Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, suppressed the expression and activity of mTOR and p70S6K, however enhanced expression of SIRT1, LXRα, and CCR7. Conversely, rapamycin deceased TNF‑α and NF‑κB activity, the latter of which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis demonstrating increased levels of NF‑κB present in the cytoplasm compared with the nucleus. The findings of the present study suggest that mTOR signaling promotes foam cell formation and inhibits foam cell egress via suppression of SIRT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xinde Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Wei Wang, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Cai JJ, Zhou J, Han T, Zhang YL, Liu HP, Fu YC. [Diagnostic value of serum cystatin C for acute kidney injury in patients with liver cirrhosis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 25:360-364. [PMID: 28763843 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the diagnostic value of serum cystatin C (Cys C) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: Serum Cys C levels in 150 liver cirrhosis patients (88 AKI and 62 non-AKI patients) were measured by the Particle-Enhanced Nephelometric Immuno-Assay. The accuracy of serum Cys C for the diagnosis of AKI in liver cirrhosis was evaluated by the ROC curve. Results: Liver cirrhosis patients with AKI had significantly higher serum Cys C levels [2.37 (1.75-2.83) mg/L] than those without AKI [0.97 (0.85-1.09) g/L] (P <0.001). Serum Cys C level was highest in the acute tubular necrosis group [5.41 (2.77-6.19) mg/L], followed by the hepatorenal syndrome group [2.55 (2.28-3.59) mg/L] and prerenal azotemia group [2.07 (1.70-2.41) mg/L], and the serum Cys C level was significantly different between the three groups (P <0.001). In addition, patients with AKI were further divided into infection group and non-infection group. Serum Cys C level was significantly higher in the infection group than in the non-infection group (P <0.05). The area under the ROC curve of serum Cys C for the diagnosis of AKI in liver cirrhosis was 0.99 (0.98-1.00) at a cut-off value of 1.36 mg/L, and the sensitivity and specificity were 97% and 95%, respectively. Conclusion: Serum Cys C is a good marker for detecting AKI in liver cirrhosis, and the different levels of increase in Cys C may be useful in differentiating the different types of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Cai
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin 300170, China
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Huang Y, Wei C, Ma S, Fu Y, Xu W. Response of a Patient with Severe Thyroid Dermopathy to Combined Multipoint Subcutaneous Injection of Glucocorticoids and Local Excision. Thyroid 2016; 26:753-5. [PMID: 26971589 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingshi Huang
- 1 Health Care Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China
| | - Chiju Wei
- 2 Biomedical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Shantou University , Shantou, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- 3 Radiology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- 4 Pathogenic Biology Department, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China
| | - Wencan Xu
- 5 Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, China
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Xu M, Chen X, Yin H, Yin L, Liu F, Fu Y, Yao J, Deng X. Cloning and characterization of the human integrin β6 gene promoter. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121439. [PMID: 25816241 PMCID: PMC4376883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrin β6 (ITGB6) gene, which encodes the limiting subunit of the integrin αvβ6 heterodimer, plays an important role in wound healing and carcinogenesis. The mechanism underlying ITGB6 regulation, including the identification of DNA elements and cognate transcription factors responsible for basic transcription of human ITGB6 gene, remains unknown. This report describes the cloning and characterization of the human ITGB6 promoter. Using 5'-RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) analysis, the transcriptional initiation site was identified. Promoter deletion analysis identified and functionally validated a TATA box located in the region -24 to -18 base pairs upstream of the ITGB6 promoter. The regulatory elements for transcription of the ITGB6 gene were predominantly located -289 to -150 from the ITGB6 promoter and contained putative binding sites for transcription factors such as STAT3 and C/EBPα. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, this study has demonstrated, for the first time, that transcription factors STAT3 and C/EBPα are involved in the positive regulation of ITGB6 transcription in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. These findings have important implications for unraveling the mechanism of abnormal ITGB6 activation in tissue remodeling and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Xu
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomaterial, Xiamen Stomatological Research Institute, Xiamen Stomatological Hospital, Fujian, China
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen University Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xihe Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liqin Yin
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen University Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiangwu Yao
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomaterial, Xiamen Stomatological Research Institute, Xiamen Stomatological Hospital, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (XD)
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen University Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (XD)
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Li L, Fu YC, Xu JJ, Lin XH, Chen XC, Zhang XM, Luo LL. Caloric restriction promotes the reserve of follicle pool in adult female rats by inhibiting the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. Reprod Sci 2015; 22:60-7. [PMID: 25001019 PMCID: PMC4275449 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114542016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to increase the number of primordial follicles and prolong the reproductive life span. However, how CR modulates follicular development is not well understood. In the present study, we examined the effects of CR on follicular development in rats and investigated the underlying mechanism. After 10 weeks of CR or high-fat diet, ovarian follicles at different developmental stages were examined by histological analysis. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen (ESG) were measured, and the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70S6 kinase (p70S6K), and phosphorylated p70S6K in the ovary were detected by Western blot. The results showed that the reserve of follicle pool in CR rats was increased, accompanied by decreased level of phosphorylated p70S6K in the ovary, and decreased serum LH, FSH, and ESG levels. Taken together, these results suggest that CR may suppress ovarian follicular development and enhance the follicle pool reserve by inhibiting mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yu-cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jin-jie Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xuan-hao Lin
- Department of Pathology of Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-chun Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xing-mei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of HuiZhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Li-li Luo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Gong GC, Fan WZ, Li DZ, Tian X, Chen SJ, Fu YC, Xu WC, Wei CJ. Increased Specific Labeling of INS-1 Pancreatic Beta-Cell by Using RIP-Driven Cre Mutants with Reduced Activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129092. [PMID: 26046525 PMCID: PMC4457865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopically expressed Cre recombinase in extrapancreatic tissues in RIP-Cre mice has been well documented. The objective of this study was to find a simple solution that allows for improved beta-cell specific targeting. To this end, the RIP-Cre and reporter CMV-loxP-DsRed-loxP-EGFP expression cassettes were configurated into a one-plasmid and two-plasmid systems, which labeled approximately 80% insulin-positive INS-1 cells after 48 h transfection. However, off-target labeling was robustly found in more than 15% insulin-negative Ad293 cells. When an IRES element was inserted in front of Cre to reduce the translation efficiency, the ratio of recombination between INS-1 and Ad293 cells increased 3-4-fold. Further, a series of Cre mutants were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. When one of the mutants, Cre(H289P) in both configurations, was used in the experiment, the percentage of recombination dropped to background levels in a number of insulin-negative cell lines, but decreased only slightly in INS-1 cells. Consistently, DNA substrate digestion assay showed that the enzymatic activity of Cre(H289P) was reduced by 30-fold as compared to that of wild-type. In this study, we reported the generation of constructs containing RIP and Cre mutants, which enabled enhanced beta-cell specific labeling in vitro. These tools could be invaluable for beta-cell targeting and to the study of islet development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-cheng Gong
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Wen-zhu Fan
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Di-zheng Li
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Xiong Tian
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Shao-jun Chen
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yu-cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Wen-can Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Chi-ju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- * E-mail:
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Yang S, Li X, Wang N, Yin G, Ma S, Fu Y, Wei C, Chen Y, Xu W. GPR109A Expression in the Murine Min6 Pancreatic Beta Cell Line, and Its Relation with Glucose Metabolism and Inflammation. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2015; 45:315-22. [PMID: 26116596 DOI: pmid/26116596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinic acid has been used clinically to manage dyslipidemia for many years, and its receptor, GPR109A, is expressed in various tissues or cells. It is not known if GPR109A is also expressed in pancreatic beta cells or if it takes part in maintaining homeostasis of glucose metabolism. AIMS In this study, the expression of GPR109A was investigated in the murine Min6 pancreatic beta cell line. The anti-inflammatory role of GPR109A in MIN6 cells was also explored. METHODS RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunocytochemical staining were used to detect the expression of GPR109A in MIN6 cells. Real-Time RT-PCR was used to investigate GPR109A mRNA levels influenced by IFN-γ and glucose. Cell viability and cytoplasmic nitrite levels were measured colorimetrically. RESULTS We have identified that MIN6 cell, a mouse pancreatic beta cell line, expresses GPR109A transcripts and protein. GPR109A protein is mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. GPR109A mRNA increased more than 9-fold in MIN6 cells incubated with IFN-γ. High glucose inhibited GPR109A mRNA expression. Nitric oxide accumulation, induced by IFN-γ/TNF-α, was inhibited by nicotinic acid and 3-hydroxy-butyrate. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the expression of GPR109A in pancreatic beta cells is not only influenced by inflammation and glucose, but also plays a protective role under inflammatory conditions. Moreover, the MIN6 cell line may serve as a cellular model for further investigation of GPR109A-mediated signal transduction in modulating metabolism and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xitao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nasui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Guoshu Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chiju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yongsong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wencan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Lu SW, Zhang XM, Luo HM, Fu YC, Xu MY, Tang SJ. Clodronate liposomes reduce excessive scar formation in a mouse model of burn injury by reducing collagen deposition and TGF-β1 expression. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2143-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Liu F, Fu Y, Wei C, Chen Y, Ma S, Xu W. The expression of GPR109A, NF-kB and IL-1β in peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2014; 44:443-8. [PMID: 25361930 DOI: pmid/25361930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the association between the G protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and to discuss the regulation of inflammatory factors by GPR109A signaling. GPR109A signaling has been confirmed to be associated with homeostasis of glucose/lipid metabolism, but the role of signaling in T2DM is still poorly understood. Peripheral blood samples and biochemical data were collected from healthy individuals (normal controls) and T2DM patients. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the expression of GPR109A in PBLs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure mRNA levels of GPR109A, NF-κB, and IL-1β in PBLs. Immunocytochemical staining showed that the GPR109A protein is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes. RT-PCR showed that mRNA levels of GPR109A, NF-κB, and IL-1β were higher in the T2DM group than in the control group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation both between GPR109A/NF-κB (r=0.376, P<0.05), and GPR109A/IL-1β (r=501, P<0.05) and between GPR109A and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (r=0.179, P<0.05) and NF-κB /FPG (r=0.358, p<0.05). Our results suggest that GPR109A signaling is associated with T2DM, playing a role in regulation of the inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yucai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chiju Wei
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongru Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
| | - Wencan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
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Wu T, Liu YH, Fu YC, Liu XM, Zhou XH. Direct evidence of sirtuin downregulation in the liver of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2014; 44:410-8. [PMID: 25361925 DOI: pmid/25361925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common form of chronic liver disease in the world. Recent studies in cultured cells and mice have shown that sirtuin, especially sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), is a key metabolic sensor for regulating metabolic homeostasis and thus has the potential to ameliorate NAFLD. For the purposes of this study, we hypothesized that the inhibition of sirtuin signaling might contribute to the development of NAFLD. METHODS Tissue was obtained from hepatectomy specimens (10 samples), and medicolegal autopsies (10 samples). Liver tissue sections were stained with H&E. Expression of sirtuin in liver tissues in NAFLD and control group was investigated by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated decreased expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT5, and SIRT6 in the NAFLD group in comparison with the control group. Increased expression of lipogenic genes including sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) was noted within the NAFLD group. In contrast to the other SIRT genes, the expression of SIRT4 was upregulated. CONCLUSION Our study provides direct evidence of the downregulation of sirtuin signaling that suppresses lipid synthesis in the liver of NAFLD patients, which may promote NAFLD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Department of Lemology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
| | - Yu-hua Liu
- Department of Lemology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
| | - Yu-cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
| | - Xing-mu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-hui Zhou
- Department of Lemology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Luo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital; Shantou University Medical College; Shantou, PR China
| | - Jin-jie Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence; Shantou University Medical College; Shantou, PR China
| | - Yu-cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence; Shantou University Medical College; Shantou, PR China
- Correspondence to: Yu-cai Fu,
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18
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Deng X, Xu M, Yuan C, Yin L, Chen X, Zhou X, Li G, Fu Y, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Pang L. Transcriptional regulation of increased CCL2 expression in pulmonary fibrosis involves nuclear factor-κB and activator protein-1. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1366-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang XM, Li L, Xu JJ, Wang N, Liu WJ, Lin XH, Fu YC, Luo LL. Rapamycin preserves the follicle pool reserve and prolongs the ovarian lifespan of female rats via modulating mTOR activation and sirtuin expression. Gene 2013; 523:82-7. [PMID: 23566837 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To maintain the normal length of female reproductive life, the majority of primordial follicles must be maintained in a quiescent state for later use. In this study, we aimed to study the effects of rapamycin on primordial follicle development and investigate the role of mTOR and sirtuin signaling. Rats were treated every other day with an intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin (5mg/kg) or vehicle. After 10weeks of treatment, ovaries were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and analysis by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. HE staining showed that the number and percentage of primordial follicles in the rapamycin-treated group were twice the control group (P<0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that mTOR and phosphorylated-p70S6K were extensively expressed in surviving follicles with strong staining observed in the cytoplasm of the oocyte. Western blotting showed decreased expression of phosphorylated mTOR and phosphorylated p70S6K in the rapamycin-treated group, and increased the expression of both SIRT1 and SIRT6 compared to the control group (P<0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that rapamycin may inhibit the transition from primordial to developing follicles and preserve the follicle pool reserve, thus extending the ovarian lifespan of female rats via the modulation of mTOR and sirtuin signalings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-mei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China
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Yuan C, Xu M, Chen G, Fu Y, Deng X. [Protein kinase C mediates thrombin-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 release from human lung fibroblasts]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2012; 32:1250-4. [PMID: 22985557 DOI: pmid/22985557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in thrombin-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) release by human lung fibroblasts (HLF-1). METHODS Cultured human lung fibroblasts HLF-1 were incubated with different concentrations of PKC inhibitors before by thrombin stimulation. MCP-l protein levels in the supernatants were assessed using ELISA, and MCP-1 mRNA levels in the cell lysate were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS The broad spectrum PKC inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide I and RO-31-8220 obviously inhibited thrombin-induced MCP-l mRNA and protein expressions in HLF-1 cells, whereas Ca(2+)-dependent PKC inhibitor Go 6976 had no such effects. CONCLUSION Ca(2+)-independent PKC mediates thrombin-induced MCP-1 release in cultured HLF-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Xiang Y, Xu J, Li L, Lin X, Chen X, Zhang X, Fu Y, Luo L. Calorie restriction increases primordial follicle reserve in mature female chemotherapy-treated rats. Gene 2012; 493:77-82. [PMID: 22146320 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We assessed the effects of calorie restriction (CR)-mediated protection against chemotherapy damage on ovarian reserve. Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: the normal control group (NC group, fed ad libitum), the CR group (fed with 65% food intake of the NC group), the CTX group (injected with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and fed ad libitum), and the CR+CTX group (injected with CTX and fed with 65% food intake of the NC group). Ovarian reserve was examined by vaginal smears and follicle counting. SIRT1 is a deacetylase that is activated by a variety of stressors and targets transcriptional regulators including p53, NF-κB, FOXO1, 3, and 4, and the transcriptional regulator PGC-1α. The expression level of SIRT1, p53 and FOXO3a in the ovary was measured by western blot. CR did not interfere with estrous cycling but maintained estrous cycling in CTX-treated CR rats. The number of primordial follicles in the CR rats was comparable to the NC group, and CR+CTX group rats had more primordial follicles and primary follicles than the CTX group. SIRT1 expression in the ovary was higher in the CR group compared to the control group, and p53 level was lower in the CR group than that in the NC group. There is no significant difference in the expression level of FOXO3a between the CR group and the NC group. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CR can increase the ovarian follicular reserve and reduce the CTX-induced ovarian damage, and CR positive effects may be due to its intervention in the transition from primordial to primary follicle, and its reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Xiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Li L, Fu YC, Xu JJ, Chen XC, Lin XH, Luo LL. Caloric restriction promotes the reproductive capacity of female rats via modulating the level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 174:232-7. [PMID: 21945120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the regulation of reproductive function. In the present study, we examined the effects of caloric restriction (CR) on the reproductive lifespan in rats and investigated the potential role of IGF-1. After 10 weeks of treatment, we determined the distribution of the ovarian follicles at various stages and measured the plasma level of IGF-1, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen (ESG). Our results show that IGF-1 level was decreased after CR and correlated with the decrease in the levels of LH, FSH and ESG. Moreover, a higher percentage of primordial follicles and surviving follicles was observed in CR rats than in control rats (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IGF-1 was extensively expressed in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells in the surviving follicles at different stages but not in the atretic follicles. Taken together, these results suggest that caloric restriction promotes the reproductive capacity of female rats via modulating the level of IGF-1, which then regulate pituitary gonadotrope cells to reduce the release of LH, FSH and ESG, and modulate follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China.
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Fu YC, Xu SE. [Opinion on hydatidosis control by immuno-prophylaxis]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2010; 20:52-4. [PMID: 12567550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is one of the most commonly cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. Despite the extensive studies, the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy, however, remains incompletely understood. Studies have demonstrated that insulin signaling may be involved in cardiac growth and protein synthesis. More recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that insulin signaling is associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy. The evidence for the hypotheses included that (1) several studies have demonstrated insulin is an important regulator of physiological cardiac growth; (2) PI3K-Akt pathway has been investigated as a participant in the cardiac hypertrophic program; (3) negative regulators of insulin signaling show beneficial effects on cardiac hypertrophy development; and (4) insulin signaling interaction with angiotensin II in cardiac hypertrophy. Although the studies suggest that the association between insulin signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, the exact pathogenesis of insulin signaling in cardiac hypertrophy development remains elusive and requires further investigation. Insulin signaling may provide a scientific basis for further research on the underlying mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and may target for pharmacological interruption of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
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Peng SW, Zhu LY, Chen M, Zhang M, Li DZ, Fu YC, Chen SR, Wei CJ. Heterogeneity in mitotic activity and telomere length implies an important role of young islets in the maintenance of islet mass in the adult pancreas. Endocrinology 2009; 150:3058-66. [PMID: 19264872 PMCID: PMC2703544 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of beta-cell dynamics in postnatal animals is central to cure diabetes. A major obstacle in evaluating the status of pancreatic cells is the lack of surface markers. Here we performed quantitative measurements of two internal markers to follow the developmental history of islets. One marker, cell-cycle activity, was established by measuring expression of Ki67 and the incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine. The other marker, the aging process, was delineated by the determination of telomere length. Moreover, islet neogenesis, possibly from ductal precursors, was monitored by pancreatic duct labeling with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) transgene. We found that islets from younger animals, on average, expressed higher Ki67 transcripts, displayed elevated 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, and had longer telomeres. However, significant heterogeneity of these parameters was observed among islets from the same mouse. In contrast, the levels of proinsulin-1 transcripts in islets of different ages did not change significantly. Moreover, mitotic activities correlated significantly with telomere lengths of individual islets. Lastly, after 5.5 d pancreatic duct labeling, a few EGFP-positive islets could be identified in neonatal but not from adult pancreases. Compared with unlabeled control islets, EGFP-positive islets had higher mitotic activities and longer telomeres. The results suggest that islets are born at different time points during the embryonic and neonatal stages and imply that young islets might play an important role in the maintenance of islet mass in the adult pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-wu Peng
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University Medical School, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
Tea is the most consumed beverage in the world. Tea polyphenols are the major constituents of tea leaves and have shown many potential healthy benefits. However, whether tea polyphenols influence ovarian follicle assembly and development and ovarian life span is unknown. To study the effect of tea polyphenols on ovarian follicle development and oocyte apoptosis, we investigated rat ovarian development of different ages [from postnatal day (PD)1 after birth to 10 months] after treatment with tea polyphenols. Our data showed that the percentage of unassembled follicles increased in the ovaries of 1- and 2-day-old rats which were ip injected with tea polyphenols (50 mg/kg/d) or whose mothers were treated with tea polyphenols (100 mg/kg/d) by intragastric administration from the day 11 after the detection of vaginal plug till delivery. The percentage of primordial follicles increased, while that of developing follicles decreased in the ovaries of 4- and 8-day-old rats following peritoneal injection with tea polyphenols compared with controls. The ratio of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive oocytes decreased in the ovaries of neonatal rats following tea polyphenol treatment. In the 3- and 10-month-old rat ovaries, the number of primordial follicles augmented, whereas that of atretic follicles decreased after the treatment for 4 weeks. These data suggest that tea polyphenols may inhibit the transition from primordial to developing follicles, extend the entire growth phase of a follicle, and reduce dominant follicle numbers per cycle to increase the reserve of germ cells, inhibit oocyte apoptosis and follicle atresia during ovarian development from birth to early aged, and retard climacterium in rats. Drinking even a small cup of tea per day may benefit to extent the productive life of ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Luo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of Calorie Restriction (CR) on learning and memory ability of early aged rats. METHODS 18-month rats were subjected to restricted intake by 60% comparing with that of rats fed ad libitum (AL) for 6 months. We compared the overall health status, including survival rate and locomotor activity by open-field test. We examined the spatial cognition ability of the rats by Morris Water Maze. RESULTS Our results showed that CR rats had higher survival rate and spontaneous locomotor activity compared with AL rats. CR rats slowed the inability of spatial learning and reference memory. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that CR in early old rats delayed the declination of spatial cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Geng
- Department of forensic medicine, Laboratory of cell senescence, Medical College of Shantou University, Guangdong, CO 515031, China.
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Xu MY, Liu JL, Zhang RL, Fu YC. Isolation of a novel ras gene from Trichomonas vaginalis: a possible evolutionary ancestor of the Ras and Rap genes of higher eukaryotes. Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 85:239-45. [PMID: 17534405 DOI: 10.1139/o07-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ras subfamily proteins are small, monomeric GTP-binding proteins with vital roles in regulating eukaryotic signal transduction pathways. Gene duplication and divergence have been postulated as the mechanism by which such family members have evolved their specific functions. A cDNA clone of TvRsp was isolated and sequenced from a cDNA expression library of the primitive eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis. The genomic DNA corresponding to the cDNA sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Sequence analysis suggested that TvRsp was an intronless gene. This gene encoded a protein of 181 amino acids and contained the 5 conserved G domains that designated it as a Ras or Rap subfamily member. However, the deduced amino acid sequence shared only 34%-37% overall identity with other Ras subfamily members of different species, and the presence of motifs characteristic of both the Ras and Rap families of GTPase confused the familial classification of this gene. Phylogenetic analysis showed its origins at the divergence point of the Ras/Rap families and suggested that TvRsp was a possible evolutionary ancestral gene of the ras/rap genes of higher eukaryotes. This information was of importance not only from the perspective of understanding the evolution and diversity of eukaryotic signal transduction pathways but also in providing a framework by which to understand protein processing in the growth and differentiation of single-celled microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yan Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, No.22, Xinling Road, Shantou 515041 Guangdong Province, China
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Wang B, Shi G, Fu Y, Xu X. Cloning and characterization of a LASS1-GDF1 transcript in rat cerebral cortex: conservation of a bicistronic structure. DNA Seq 2007; 18:92-103. [PMID: 17364820 DOI: 10.1080/10425170601060947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
LASS1 is the mammalian homologue of yeast longevity-assurance gene 1 (LAG1) which is differentially expressed during the yeast replicative life span and was shown to play a role in determining yeast longevity. Growth/differentiation factor 1 (GDF1) is a transforming growth factor-beta family member that was originally isolated from an mouse embryo cDNA library. GDF1 is expressed specifically in the nervous system and functions in left-right patterning of the mouse embryo. To explore the potential role of LASS1 in rat neuron aging, northern blot analysis for LASS1 mRNA was performed and detected a 2.7 kb transcript in adult rat cerebral cortex. Cloning and sequence analysis revealed that this transcript contains two nonoverlapping open reading frames (ORFs), LASS1 and GDF1, which are quite different to the predicted sequences in GenBank (accession number XM_224734 and XM_224733). The alignment with the rat genome database revealed this transcript matches the sequence of rat chromosome 16 genomic contig (GenBank accession number NW_047470) between nucleotide positions 1935060th and 1919439th, which contains eight exons and seven introns. Multiple sequence analysis revealed high conservation of the two ORFs. The phylogenetic analysis showed very close evolutionary relationship among rat, mouse and human. It raises the possibility that this mRNA may give rise to two different proteins and the conserved bicistronic structure might be of unknown significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoheng Wang
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, People's Republic of China
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Zhang R, Gao S, Geng Y, Huang D, Yu L, Zhang S, Cheng J, Fu Y. Epidemiological study on Clonorchis sinensis infection in Shenzhen area of Zhujiang delta in China. Parasitol Res 2007; 101:179-83. [PMID: 17216484 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-006-0441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To study the transmission route and epidemiological features of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Shenzhen area, which is the biggest immigration city in the south of China, we examined 1,473 individuals (710 males and 763 females) to assess the current status of C. sinensis infection among the people in a village of Shenzhen in Zhujiang delta of Guangdong province, China. Freshwater snails, 630, of different species known as the first intermediate host of C. sinensis were collected and examined for cercaria infection, and 430 freshwater fishes of different species as the second intermediate host were examined for metacercaria infection. Among 1,473 people examined, 70 (4.75%) were found infected with C. sinensis. By counting eggs per gram feces (EPG), it was found that the intensity of infection in males was stronger than that of females, and the average EPG was 41.87 in all population. Snails, 1.15%, were infected with cercariae of C. sinensis. The average infection rate of freshwater fishes of 15 species with metacercariae of C. sinensis was 16.97%, and the carps reached the highest infection rate (40.74%). A questionnaire was designed with 12 questions covering socioeconomic conditions and human behavior, contamination of the environment, and fishponds. Of 1,473 interviewees, 54% did not know about fluke disease or its transmission route, 12% of those who knew about the fluke believed that the infection causes no harm or only slight harm to their health. Of the interviewees, 27%, ate raw fish at least one to two times per month. Of families, 5% used the same utensils for both raw fish and cooked food. Of the fishpond owners, 40% fed their fishes with feces of domestic animals and humans. All these factors of unhealthy behaviors, poor knowledge, inappropriate farming/fishery practices, and eating raw fish have made the prevalence of clonorchiasis increase in humans in the Shenzhen area. It is urgent to perform a control program, including health education, environmental modification, reform of traditional farming/fishery practice, mass screening, and chemotherapy for humans, and the management of domestic animals to decrease C. sinensis infection in the human population in Shenzhen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renli Zhang
- Department of parasitic Diseases Control, Shenzhen Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, China
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Guo J, Zhou AW, Fu YC, Verma UN, Tripathy D, Frenkel EP, Becerra CR. Efficacy of sequential treatment of HCT116 colon cancer monolayers and xenografts with docetaxel, flavopiridol, and 5-fluorouracil. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2006; 27:1375-81. [PMID: 17007746 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Clinical treatment of solid tumors with docetaxel, flavopiridol, or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) often encounters undesirable side effects and drug resistance. This study aims to evaluate the potential role of combination therapy with docetaxel, flavopiridol, or 5-FU in modulating chemosensitivity and better understand how they might be used clinically. METHODS HCT116 colon cancer cells were treated with docetaxel, flavopiridol, and 5-FU in several different administrative schedules in vitro, either sequentially or simultaneously. Cell survival was measured by MTT assay. The activity of caspase-3 was determined by caspase-3 assays and the soft agar colony assay was used to test the colony formation of HCT116 cells in soft agar. We also established xenograft models to extend in vitro observations to an in vivo system. RESULTS The maximum cytotoxicity was found when human colon cancer HCT116 cells were treated with docetaxel for 1 h followed by flavopiridol for 24 h and 5-FU for another 24 h. This sequential combination therapy not only inhibits tumor cell growth more strongly compared to other combination therapies but also significantly reduces colony formation in soft agar and augments apoptosis of HCT116 cells. Sequencing of docetaxel followed 1 h later by flavopiridol, followed 24 h later by 5-FU in xenograft models, also resulted in delayed tumor growth and higher survival rate. CONCLUSION These results highlight the importance of an administrative schedule when combining docetaxel with flavopiridol and 5-FU, providing a rationale explanation for its development in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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Abstract
Six taxa of prey were identified from the gut contents of 973 Culex (Lutzia) fuscanus Wiedemann (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae collected from 19 sites in Shantou, Guangdong Province, China, from May to October 2004. Chironomidae were found in the guts of 78.6% of Cx. fuscanus larvae but mosquito larval remains in only 2.5%. The junction between prey head and thorax was the most frequent attack site in field (125/169 = 73.9%) and laboratory (187/260 = 71.9%) observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jin
- Department of Parasitology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang KH, Huang LX, Fu YC, Zhang JX. [Construction of prokaryotic expression vector for Trichomonas vaginalis silent information regulator 2 and its expression]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2006; 24:IV-VI. [PMID: 17094634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Total RNA was isolated from Trichomonas vaginalis and Tv-Sir2-like cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pGEM-T Easy plasmid. A fragment of Tv-Sir2-like cDNA was subcloned into the expression vector pET-41b and expressed in E.coli BL21 with induction of IPTG. The full-length of Tv-Sir2-like cDNA was cloned and sequenced. The prokaryotic expression system of pET-41b/Tv-Sir2-like was constructed. The fusion protein of Tv-Sir2-like was expressed in E. coli BL21, occupying 30% of the total bacterial protein after being induced by IPTG for 5 h. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the fusion protein was about Mr 59000. The recombinant protein of Tv-Sir2-like is efficiently expressed in E. coli BL21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-hao Zhang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317000, China
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Xu MY, Fu YC, Liu JL, Zhang RL. [Molecular cloning and characterization of a RRas homologue gene from Trichomonas vaginalis]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2006; 24:215-8. [PMID: 17094627 DOI: pmid/17094627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clone and characterize a RRas-like gene from Trichomonas vaginalis for studying cellular signal transduction pathways in the organism. METHODS A cDNA clone, which showed homology with RRas proteins of human being, was isolated and sequenced from a cDNA expression library of T. vaginalis. The genomic DNA corresponding to the cDNA sequence was amplified using PCR technique and sequenced. Sequence analysis was performed using BLASTP, RPS-BLAST and Clustal W programs. Phylogenetic tree was constructed and bootstrapped with 1050 replicates using the software MEGA3. RESULTS The cDNA sequence showed a length of 705 bp with an open reading frame of 615 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence from the open reading frame possesses 205 residuals. Sequencing of the PCR product of genomic DNA revealed that the genomic DNA sequence encompassing the putative 5'-ATG and 3'-stop codons was identical to the cDNA sequence. Sequence analysis demonstrated that this gene was most homologous to the RRas members of Homo sapiens and Mus musculus (both having 51% identity and 70% similarity), and the amino acid sequence contains highly conserved GTP-binding domains and a fully conserved effector domain of human RRas member. Phylogenetic analysis showed that TvRRas clustered with RAS oncoprotein branch and RRAS branch of human. CONCLUSION The encoding protein probably belongs to a RRas family of T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-yan Xu
- Department of Parasitology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Zhang JX, Fu YC, Xu XY, Wu TJ, Cao FL. [RNA interference to the expression of peroxiredoxin-related genes in Trichomonas vaginalis]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2005; 23:437-40. [PMID: 16566216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To inhibit the expression of the target genes of peroxiredoxin (Prx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) by RNA interference and evaluate its effect on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from cultured Trichomonas vaginalis with phenol-chloroform method and was transcribed to double stranded RNA (dsRNA). Short interference RNAs (siRNA, 21-23 bp) synthesized by digestion of dsRNA with RNase III and purified through filter cartridge, were transfected into the cells in three groups (A, B and C) to degrade the target genes of Prx, TrxR and Prx+TrxR through siPORT lipid, respectively, and the untransfected was selected as a control (group D). The levels of Prx and TrxR mRNA were determined 24 h and 48 h post-transfection by relative quantitative RT-PCR, and the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis was estimated under microscope 36 h post-transfection. RESULTS Trichomonas vaginalis mRNA levels of Prx and TrxR decreased. Though the cell activity showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in four groups as expected, a difference existed (P < 0.01) between the groups in the average of vells (7.2 x 10(7)/L, 14.2 x 10(7)/L, 3.8 x l0(7) L and 20.3 x 10(7)/L in groups A, B, C and D respectively). CONCLUSIONS RNA interference inhibits the expression of the genes of Prx and TrxR and extended Trichomonas vaginalis cells cycle considerably, but showed no influence on the cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-xin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen 361012, China
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Fu YC, Zhang JX, Zheng XH, Liu H. Molecular cloning and characterization of a Rac1 homologue cDNA from Trichomonas vaginalis. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2004; 22:290-3. [PMID: 15830884 DOI: pmid/15830884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clone and characterize a Rac1 homologue from Trichomonas vaginalis for studying cell cycle of the organism. METHODS A cDNA library derived from T. vaginalis mRNA was constructed into lambda TriplEx2 phage vector. An expression sequence tag program was launched. Sequences of cDNA clones were analyzed using NCBI BLAST algorithms, and ClustalW and Treeview programs. RESULTS A cDNA clone with a length of 714 base pairs was isolated. The sequence analysis showed that the cDNA clone has an open reading frame with 600 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence from the open reading frame contains 200 residuals and is most homologous to Rac1 subfamily of Rho GTPases with >60% identity. The conserved sequence elements of Rho GTPases, such as GTP-binding sites, GTPase-activating protein (GAP) interaction motifs, GTP-dissociation inhibitors (GDI) interaction motifs, guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) interaction elements, etc, were detected in the amino acid sequence. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the cDNA clone is grouped in the Rac subfamily and is more closely related to Rac1 proteins of protozoa. CONCLUSION The cDNA clone isolated belongs to Rac subfamily of Rho GTPases and is probably a Rac1 protein of T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-cai Fu
- Department of Parasitology, Shantou University Medical College, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemics of enterovirus 71 infection have caused the death of many children throughout the world. Rhombencephalitis, brain stem encephalitis, and heart failure were present in all of the fatal cases. However, no evidence of myocarditis was noted in the heart specimens, and the mechanism of heart failure remains unknown. AIMS To characterise the presentation of cardiac complications in children with enterovirus rhombencephalitis and discuss its pathogenesis. METHODS Ninety one consecutive patients with enterovirus rhombencephalitis underwent echocardiography. Of these, 17 patients (nine male, eight female; median age 14 months, range 4-57 months) with left ventricular dysfunction were studied. RESULTS Tachycardia was noted in all patients and systemic hypertension in 12. Muscle-brain fraction of creatine kinase was >5% in 14 patients. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were significantly raised in the three patients in whom these were analysed. Electrocardiographic abnormalities were noted in eight patients. Pulmonary oedema was complicated in 15 patients. The initial ejection fraction of the left ventricle was 22-58% (mean 37%, SD 11%). All patients deteriorated to hypotensive shock within 12 hours and 13 died. Heart specimens from seven patients showed no evidence of myocarditis, but significant coagulative myocytolysis, myofibrillar degeneration, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were observed. CONCLUSIONS Acute heart failure was noted in 19% of patients with enterovirus rhombencephalitis, which had a fatality rate of 77%. It was not caused by myocarditis but possibly by neurogenic cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Fu YC, Liu FY, Tsai SC, Hwang B, Chi CS. Poor agreement between dipyridamole-stress technetium-99m-tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography and two-dimensional echocardiography in Kawasaki disease. Int J Cardiol 2003; 90:57-61. [PMID: 12821220 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To establish a noninvasive diagnostic method for early assessment of cardiac involvement in Kawasaki disease (KD), 28 children with KD were included in this study. Two-dimensional echocardiography (2D-Echo) to detect the aneurysms of coronary arteries (CA), as well as rest and dipyridamole-stress technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to detect abnormal myocardial perfusion were performed in all of the 28 children with KD and to compare each other. The results showed that (1). 42.9% of cases had no aneurysm and 57.1% had significant aneurysms detected by 2D-Echo; (2). 42.9% of cases had normal perfusion and 57.1% of cases had abnormal myocardial perfusion assessed by Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT; (3). 25.0% of cases showed both normal 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings and 39.3% of cases showed both abnormal 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings; and (4). there was poor agreement between 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings (P>0.05). We concluded that poor agreement exists between aneurysms and abnormal myocardial perfusion detected by 2D-Echo and Tc-TF myocardial perfusion SPECT findings in patients with KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Section 3, Chung Kang Rd, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
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Jin LQ, Luo JM, Fu YC, Xu SE, Guo Y, Xie LC, Tsuboi T, Torii M. [Studies on the antigens of invasive stages of Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 21:272-4. [PMID: 15108514 DOI: pmid/15108514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the rhoptry and surface proteins of invasive stages of Plasmodium yoelii and P. berghei with monoclonal antibodies. METHODS Subcellular localization of antigens was detected by IFA. The antigens of different stages of the two species malaria parasites were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS The antigens of rhoptry are very complicated. There are similar epitopes of the rhoptry proteins detected between the two species of Plasmodium. The similar epitopes were also detected between ookinetes and merozoites of P. yoelii, and ookinete antigens between the two species. But there are different antigens detected between merozoites and ookinetes in P. yoelii. The sporozoite surface antigen of P. yoelii was not detected in the ookinetes and merozoites in the same species. CONCLUSION There are similar epitopes in the rhoptry and surface antigens of different stages and different species of rodent malaria parasites. There are also distinct antigens among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-qun Jin
- Department of Parasitology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031
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Fu YC, Yang WL, Huang PJ, Tien YC, Huang KY, Chang JK, Lin SY. Spontaneous femoral neck fracture complicating a healed subtrochanteric fracture--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:545-7. [PMID: 11831120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A rare case of spontaneous femoral neck fracture complicating a healed subtrochanteric fracture was encountered in an 85-year-old female. The subtrochanteric fracture was caused by a minor trauma with no other combined injury. Patient received close reduction and internal fixation two days later and the fracture healed in three months. Six months after operation, spontaneous ispilateral femoral neck fracture occurred without trauma. Although there were some reports about subcapital fracture or femur neck fracture complication after operation, this is the first case of spontaneous femoral neck fracture after healed subtrochanteric fracture which was treated with a 95 degrees dynamic condylar screw (DCS) and side plate previously without technical error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Hung GU, Tsai SC, Fu YC, Kao CH. Unilateral ventilation--perfusion mismatch on pulmonary scintigraphy caused by anomalous origin of a pulmonary artery from the innominate artery. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:719-20. [PMID: 11452188 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200108000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G U Hung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Tseng CF, Fu YC, Fu LS, Betau H, Chi CS. Clinical spectrum of Kawasaki disease in infants. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2001; 64:168-73. [PMID: 11458622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease is a common acquired heart disease in children. Only a few reports have been published concerning Kawasaki disease in infants. This study was performed to assess the clinical spectrum of Kawasaki disease in infants. METHODS Between January 1989 and December 1998, a total of 48 consecutive Kawasaki patients less than one year of age were enrolled and studied retrospectively. Coronary artery dilation was defined as the internal diameter of a coronary artery larger than 3 mm. All cases received 2 gm/Kg of intravenous immunoglobulin. We divided the patients into two groups; group I; coronary artery dilation (+) and group II; coronary artery dilation (-), and compared the clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS Of 273 patients with Kawasaki disease, 48 (17.5%) were less than one year of age. Among these patients (< 1 year old), the median age was 7.8 +/- 2.8 months (range 2 months to 12 months), and the male to female ratio was 1.52:1. The incidence of atypical Kawasaki disease was 31.2% (compared with an incidence of atypical Kawasaki disease among patient more than one year of age of 7.5%; p < 0.001), and that of coronary artery dilation was 35.4%. Clinical manifestations included fever 100%, extremity change 91.6%, skin rash 89.6%, conjunctivitis 89.6%, oral mucosa change 89.6%, and cervical lymphadenopathy 0%. Laboratory data revealed white blood cell count: 15,403 +/- 6,282/mm3, hemoglobin: 10.1 +/- 1.0 gm/dl, neutrophil: 59.2 +/- 13.7%, lymphocytes: 30.6 +/- 13.1%, platelet count: 456,3000 +/- 216,4000/mm3, and C-reactive protein 8.2 +/- 5.6 mg/dl. Patients with coronary artery dilation had a longer duration of diagnosis, higher incidence of atypical presentation, lower incidence of conjunctivitis, lower incidence of skin rash, lower incidence of extremity change, and lower C-reactive protein. The predictive value of coronary artery dilation based on the combination of atypical presentation, duration of diagnosis, and C-reactive protein was 81.2%. CONCLUSIONS Kawasaki disease in infants is associated with a high incidence of atypical presentation and increased risk of coronary artery dilation. We suggest that in an infant with insufficient diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki disease, care should be taken to avoid missing atypical Kawasaki disease. Echocardiography is an important tool for diagnosis of atypical Kawasaki disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Sec. 3, Taichung-Kang Road, Taichung 407, Taiwan
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Jan SL, Hwang B, Lee PC, Fu YC, Chiu PS, Chi CS. Intracardiac ultrasound assessment of atrial septal defect: comparison with transthoracic echocardiographic, angiocardiographic, and balloon-sizing measurements. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2001; 24:84-9. [PMID: 11443391 DOI: 10.1007/s002700000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accurate evaluation of the size, location and adjacent structure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) is very important in the selection of patients for further management. We directly compared the utility of transthoracic echocardiography, angiocardiography, balloon sizing, and intracardiac ultrasound (ICUS) in the detection of ASD. METHODS Twenty-one children underwent an ICUS study of ASD after routine clinical and laboratory studies. All patients had received transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), cardiac catheterization, cineangiography, and balloon sizing before the ICUS to evaluate the ASD. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between the ICUS-derived ASD diameter and the other methods (p < 0.001). The balloon-sizing diameter was estimated by the equation: TTE diameter x 1.09 + 3.9 mm. There was a good correlation between the predicted and measured balloon-sizing diameter (r = 0.963; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION It is worthwhile spending a few minutes to perform ICUS during cardiac catheterization since it will provide more detailed information on and high resolution images of atrial septal morphology, especially for patients undergoing transcatheter closure by device.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Jan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, No. 160, Section 3, Chung-Kang Road, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
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Lin YK, Fu YC, Lin GT, Kao KF, Lin SY. Acute open perilunate dislocation--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:99-101. [PMID: 11416964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A rare case of acute open dorsal perilunate dislocation of the left hand was encountered in a 30-year-old man with exposure of the lunate and distal radius. No other combined injury was identified except open dislocation and chip avulsion fracture of triquetrum. Open reduction was performed through a dorsal approach after debridement. Such a severe injury, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
Two children with an anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the innominate artery are reported. One was a 15-month-old boy presenting with respiratory distress. He had a right aortic arch and his left pulmonary artery originated from the innominate artery. The other was a 1-month-old girl presenting with congestive heart failure. She had a left aortic arch and her right pulmonary artery originated from the innominate artery. An understanding of the embryological pathogenesis of these anomalies has significant therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Sec. 3, Chung-Kang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin MC, Fu YC, Tseng JJ, Jan SL, Chi CS. Congenital complete heart block. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 2001; 42:42-5. [PMID: 11270185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Congenital complete heart blocks (CCHB) are mostly related to the neonatal lupus syndrome. The purpose of this paper was to assess the clinical spectrum of CCHB in our hospital. Nine patients were retrospectively enrolled between 1994 and 1999. The birth history, electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring, pacemaker insertion and its complications, maternal disease, and maternal and infant autoantibody levels were studied. All nine cases were diagnosed prenatally. Hydrops fetalis was noted in five (55.6%). Six cases were live births and the other three were terminated. No anatomical heart defects were noted. Initial electrocardiography revealed the atrial rates ranged from 150 to 166 beats per minute. The minimal ventricular rates ranged from 46 to 80 beats per minute. VVI mode pacemakers were inserted through xyphoid approach in all live-birth infants. Complications were noted in three of them (50%). Antinuclear antibody and anti-SSA/Ro antibody were positive in all 8 mothers (100%). The anti-SSB/La antibody was positive in 6 of the eight mothers (75%). Five infants tested positive for anti-SSA/Ro antibody. None of the infants tested positive for anti-SSB/La antibody. In conclusion, all CCHBs in our series were associated with maternal autoantibodies. Because of high complication rate of permanent pacemaker insertion during the neonatal period, it should be restricted in certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Sec 3, Chung-Kang Road, Taichung 407, Taiwan
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Yen HH, Lin GT, Tien YC, Fu YC, Lin SY. Percutaneous release of abductor pollicis brevis muscle fibrosis in a bowler--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2000; 16:592-5. [PMID: 11294067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors reported a patient with abductor pollicis brevis muscle fibrosis of the right thumb, stemming from a bowling injury that had occurred 6 years previously. At that time in the acute stage, a Chinese bonesetter treated the injury using manipulation, massage and herbal drugs. Abduction contracture of the patient's right thumb developed. She began to experience chronic pain at dorsal side of her right thumb and discovered that she could not move her thumb into a retro position. When she came into our hospital, physical examination revealed an abduction contracture of patient's right thumb, the angle of separation was 60 degrees, and the angle of circumduction was fixed at 90 degrees. In addition, a fibrotic band was palpable in abductor pollicis brevis muscle. The patient responded well to percutaneous release and physical therapy. As far as we know, this is an unusual case, which has not been reported before.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Yen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chang 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Fu YC, Hwang B, Weng ZC, Lu JH, Chi CS, Meng CC. Influence of ventricular septal defect type on surgical results in children with tetralogy of Fallot. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2000; 63:792-7. [PMID: 11155754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with subpulmonary ventricular septal defects (VSD) is relatively more common among Orientals than among Occidentals. This study assessed the influence of type of VSD on surgical results in children with TOF. METHODS Fifty-one patients with TOF (age range, 14 months to 11 years, mean 40.7 months, median 30 months, 29 boys, 22 girls) who underwent total correction by a single surgeon between January 1992 and December 1995 were retrospectively studied. Of the 51 patients, 17 patients with subpulmonary VSD were classified as group I. The remaining 34 patients with perimembranous VSD were classified as group II. All patients underwent a combined transatrial and transpulmonary surgical approach. Early postoperative results were evaluated 7 to 10 days after surgery and late postoperative results were evaluated 1 year after surgery. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, sex, body weight, pulmonary to systemic flow ratio, pulmonary to aortic annulus diameter ratio or preceding palliative shunt or balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty. Nevertheless, group I patients had better oxygen saturation preoperatively (84.2 +/- 4.4% vs 80.3 +/- 7.6%, p = 0.037). During surgery, the transannular patch rate was higher in group I (100% vs 73.5%, p = 0.003). The cardiopulmonary bypass time, postoperative stay in the intensive care unit, duration of chest tube placement, early postoperative residual VSD rate, and early and late postoperative residual pulmonary stenosis rate were not significantly different between the groups. However, late postoperative residual VSD rate was 33.3% in group I and 6.45% in group II, which was statistically significant (p = 0.029). There were no significant differences in arrhythmia between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients with TOF with subpulmonary VSD had a better preoperative oxygenation, higher transannular patch rate during surgery and a higher incidence of late residual VSD than those with TOF with perimembranous VSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
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Fu YC, Jin XP, Wei SM, Lin HF, Kacew S. Ultraviolet radiation and reactive oxygen generation as inducers of keratinocyte apoptosis: protective role of tea polyphenols. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2000; 61:177-188. [PMID: 11036506 DOI: 10.1080/00984100050131323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation produces serious damage to skin, especially to dermis, but its damage to epidermis and responsible mechanisms are not fully understood. Studies were thus undertaken to investigate the effects of UVA or reactive oxygen species (ROS) on lipid peroxidation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in primary cultured rat keratinocytes and to determine the possible protective effects of tea polyphenols (TPP). UVA or ROS increased the release of plasma enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and increased lipid peroxidation production (malondialdehyde, MDA), but decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), indicating that UVA or ROS were cytostatic and peroxidizing to keratinocytes. TPP stabilized and protected cell membranes from ROS or UVA by inhibiting the release of LDH, lowering MDA levels, and increasing GSH-Px activity. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis revealed that UVA or ROS decreased the proliferative index (PI); hence the cell growth was blocked in the S/G2 phase, with an increase in the percentage of apoptosis in primary keratinocytes. TPP modified the UVA or ROS-induced changes in PI and apoptosis. TPP may be useful to protect keratinocytes from UVA irradiation. In summary, these data demonstrated that UVA damage to skin keratinocytes in vitro was similar to that for ROS and that TPP protects against UVA-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Fu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, People's Republic of China
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