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Miyabe Y, Fukuchi M, Tomizawa H, Nakamura Y, Jikei M, Matsuwaki Y, Arima M, Konno Y, Moritoki Y, Takeda M, Tanabe N, Shima H, Shiraishi Y, Hirai T, Ohta N, Takahata J, Matsubara A, Yamada T, Asano K, Miyairi I, Melo RCN, Weller PF, Ueki S. Aggregated eosinophils and neutrophils characterize the properties of mucus in chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1306-1318. [PMID: 38181841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway obstruction caused by viscous mucus is an important pathophysiologic characteristic of persistent inflammation, which can result in organ damage. OBJECTIVE We investigated the hypothesis that the biophysical characteristics of accumulating granulocytes affect the clinical properties of mucus. METHODS Surgically acquired nasal mucus samples from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and neutrophil-dominant, noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis were evaluated in terms of computed tomography density, viscosity, water content, wettability, and protein composition. Isolated human eosinophils and neutrophils were stimulated to induce the formation of extracellular traps, followed by the formation of aggregates. The biophysical properties of the aggregated cells were also examined. RESULTS Mucus from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis had significantly higher computed tomography density, viscosity, dry weight, and hydrophobicity compared to mucus from patients with noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. The levels of eosinophil-specific proteins in mucus correlated with its physical properties. Eosinophil and neutrophil aggregates showed physical and pathologic characteristics resembling those of mucus. Cotreatment with deoxyribonuclease and heparin, which slenderizes the structure of eosinophil extracellular traps, efficiently induced reductions in the viscosity and hydrophobicity of both eosinophil aggregates and eosinophilic mucus. CONCLUSIONS The present study elucidated the pathogenesis of mucus stasis in infiltrated granulocyte aggregates from a novel perspective. These findings may contribute to the development of treatment strategies for eosinophilic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tomizawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Jikei
- Department of Materials Science, Akita University Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Misaki Arima
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Naoya Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiraishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuo Ohta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takahata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsubara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takechiyo Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Koichiro Asano
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Isao Miyairi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Rossana C N Melo
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Peter F Weller
- Divisions of Allergy and Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
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Takashiki R, Komatsu J, Nowicki M, Moritoki Y, Okazaki M, Ohshima S, Hasegawa H, Nomura K, Ouchi G, Berg BW, Shirakawa H, Nakayama K, Takahashi N. Improving performance and
self‐efficacy
of novice nurses using hybrid
simulation‐based
mastery learning. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2022; 20:e12519. [PMID: 36410049 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Acute chest pain is a commonly encountered symptom in hospital medical/surgical units; however, almost half of nurses in their second year of clinical experience in our facility have reported struggling to care for acute chest pain patients. We developed, implemented, and examined the effectiveness of a simulation-based, mastery learning clinical nursing educational program to improve self-efficacy and performance in caring for patients with acute chest pain. METHODS The study adopted a single-site, single-cohort design using simulation-based performance assessment and self-efficacy surveys on a convenience sample of 37 second-year clinical nurse participants in multi-stage hybrid mastery learning educational intervention using asynchronous e-learning, and hands-on simulation training and assessment with feedback on caring for chest pain patients. Performance assessments and self-efficacy surveys were administered pre-, post-, and 5 months post-intervention. RESULTS Clinical performance on the post- and 5 months follow-up assessments were significantly higher than those for the pre-test (P < .0001). The self-efficacy scores for the post- and the 5 months follow-up assessments were significantly higher than the pre-course scores (P < .0001). Participants' self-efficacy perceptions were positively correlated with their performances at 5 months post-intervention. CONCLUSION Performance and self-efficacy of novice nurses in caring for acute chest pain patients improved significantly with the multi-stage hybrid mastery learning educational intervention, with improvements retained 5 months post-intervention. The results suggest the applicability of simulation-based mastery learning in a clinical setting for novice nurses to attain specific skills, and raise their self-perception of competence to care for patients in acute settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junko Komatsu
- Division of Nursing Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
| | - Mari Nowicki
- School of Nursing and Health Professions Chaminade University of Honolulu Honolulu Hawaii USA
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA
- Japan Pacific Healthcare Alliance Nara Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Mieko Okazaki
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Department of Pediatrics Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Ohshima
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hasegawa
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Department of Medical Education Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Gen Ouchi
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA
- Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine University of the Ryukyus Hospital Nishihara Japan
| | - Benjamin W. Berg
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | | | - Katsushi Nakayama
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Center for Medical Education and Training Akita University Hospital Akita Japan
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology Akita University Graduate School of Medicine Akita Japan
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Nowicki M, Berg BW, Okada Y, Yagi MS, Tomisawa T, Kawahara C, Ouchi G, Moritoki Y, Otori T. A Patient Safety Champion Program for Interprofessional Health Care Educators: Implementation and Outcomes. J Contin Educ Health Prof 2022; 42:211-218. [PMID: 35916888 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health care educators are challenged with helping clinicians develop competencies beyond their foundational training. In health care systems where continuing professional development is not integral to practice, clinicians may have few opportunities. We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a professional development program in patient safety for Japanese clinical educators to acquire simulation instructional skills and become Patient Safety Champions at their organizations. METHODS Mixed methods were used in a longitudinal pre/post study design. The Kirkpatrick evaluation model was used to evaluate outcomes of a workshop, overall program, on-site training experiences, and impact as Patient Safety Champions. Self-assessment data on skills and knowledge of patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration, and leadership were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-nine percent of participants facilitated on-site patient safety training within 6 months of workshop completion. Skills and knowledge improvement were observed immediately postworkshop in four categories: patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration and communication, and leadership as a patient safety champion. Skills and knowledge increased at 6 months after facilitation of on-site safety training. Program mean satisfaction scores ranged from 84% to 92%. Mean Patient Safety Champion in-facility evaluations were 4.2 to 4.7 on a 5-point scale. DISCUSSION High levels of knowledge, skill retention, and behavior change are attributed to goal setting, outcome-oriented pedagogy, and reflective sessions. The Patient Safety Champion model and experiential learning approach gave Japanese clinical educators in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy an opportunity to learn from each other in simulations reflecting the practice environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Nowicki
- Dr. Nowicki: Adjunct Faculty, School of Nursing and Health Professions, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI; previous affiliation Education Specialist/International Program Coordinator at SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii where the project was completed, and Founder and Co-President, Japan Pacific Healthcare Alliance, Nara, Japan. Dr. Berg: Professor of Medicine and Director of Simulation at SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI. Mr. Okada: Graduate Research Associate, Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI. Dr. Yagi: Adjunct lecture, Medical Education Center, Jichii Medical University, Tochigi, Japan, and Research Fellow, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI. Dr. Tomisawa: Professor, Department of Nursing Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, Japan. Dr. Kawahara: Senior Assistant Professor, Simulation Center, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan. Dr. Ouchi: Lecturer, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii. Dr. Moritoki: Associate Professor (specially-appointed), Center for Medical Education and Training, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii. Dr. Otori: Professor, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan, and Founder and Co-President, Japan Pacific Healthcare Alliance
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Miyabe Y, Kobayashi Y, Fukuchi M, Saga A, Moritoki Y, Saga T, Akuthota P, Ueki S. Eosinophil-mediated inflammation in the absence of eosinophilia. Asia Pac Allergy 2021; 11:e30. [PMID: 34386406 PMCID: PMC8331253 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2021.11.e30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of eosinophil levels is a hallmark of type-2 inflammation. Blood eosinophil counts act as a convenient biomarker for asthma phenotyping and the selection of biologics, and they are even used as a prognostic factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019. However, the circulating eosinophil count does not always reflect tissue eosinophilia and vice versa. The mismatch of blood and tissue eosinophilia can be seen in various clinical settings. For example, blood eosinophil levels in patients with acute eosinophilic pneumonia are often within normal range despite the marked symptoms and increased number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological studies using immunostaining for eosinophil granule proteins have revealed the extracellular deposition of granule proteins coincident with pathological conditions, even in the absence of a significant eosinophil infiltrate. The marked deposition of eosinophil granule proteins in tissue is often associated with cytolytic degranulation. Recent studies have indicated that extracellular trap cell death (ETosis) is a major mechanism of cytolysis. Cytolytic ETosis is a total cell degranulation in which cytoplasmic and nuclear contents, including DNA and histones that act as alarmins, are also released. In the present review, eosinophil-mediated inflammation in such mismatch conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Airway Disease Section, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.,Allergy Center, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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5
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MaruYama T, Kobayashi S, Nakatsukasa H, Moritoki Y, Taguchi D, Sunagawa Y, Morimoto T, Asao A, Jin W, Owada Y, Ishii N, Iwabuchi Y, Yoshimura A, Chen W, Shibata H. The Curcumin Analog GO-Y030 Controls the Generation and Stability of Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687669. [PMID: 34248973 PMCID: PMC8261301 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in preventing antitumor immune responses in cancer tissues. Cancer tissues produce large amounts of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which promotes the generation of Foxp3+ Tregs from naïve CD4+ T cells in the local tumor microenvironment. TGF-β activates nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/p300 and SMAD signaling, which increases the number of acetylated histones at the Foxp3 locus and induces Foxp3 gene expression. TGF-β also helps stabilize Foxp3 expression. The curcumin analog and antitumor agent, GO-Y030, prevented the TGF-β-induced generation of Tregs by preventing p300 from accelerating NF-κB-induced Foxp3 expression. Moreover, the addition of GO-Y030 resulted in a significant reduction in the number of acetylated histones at the Foxp3 promoter and at the conserved noncoding sequence 1 regions that are generated in response to TGF-β. In vivo tumor models demonstrated that GO-Y030-treatment prevented tumor growth and reduced the Foxp3+ Tregs population in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Therefore, GO-Y030 exerts a potent anticancer effect by controlling Treg generation and stability.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Coculture Techniques
- Curcumin/analogs & derivatives
- Curcumin/pharmacology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi MaruYama
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MS, United States
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakatsukasa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Daiki Taguchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Asao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Wenwen Jin
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MS, United States
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Iwabuchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutics, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - WanJun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MS, United States
| | - Hiroyuki Shibata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
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Fukuchi M, Miyabe Y, Furutani C, Saga T, Moritoki Y, Yamada T, Weller PF, Ueki S. How to detect eosinophil ETosis (EETosis) and extracellular traps. Allergol Int 2021; 70:19-29. [PMID: 33189567 PMCID: PMC9333458 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are short-lived and comprise only a small population of circulating leukocytes; however, they play surprisingly multifunctional roles in homeostasis and various diseases including allergy and infection. Recent research has shed light on active cytolytic eosinophil cell death that releases eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and total cellular contents, namely eosinophil extracellular trap cell death (EETosis). The pathological contribution of EETosis was made more cogent by recent findings that a classical pathological finding of eosinophilic inflammation, that of Charcot-Leyden crystals, is closely associated with EETosis. Currently no gold standard methods to identify EETosis exist, but “an active eosinophil lysis that releases cell-free granules and net-like chromatin structure” appears to be a common feature of EETosis. In this review, we describe several approaches that visualize EETs/EETosis in clinical samples and in vitro studies using isolated human eosinophils. EETs/EETosis can be observed using simple chemical or fluorescence staining, immunostaining, and electron microscopy, although it is noteworthy that visualization of EETs is greatly changed by sample preparation including the extracellular space of EETotic cells and shear flow. Considering the multiple aspects of biological significance, further study into EETs/EETosis is warranted to give a detailed understanding of the roles played in homeostasis and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Chikako Furutani
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takechiyo Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Peter F Weller
- Divisions of Allergy and Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
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Osaki S, Kikuchi K, Moritoki Y, Motegi C, Ohyatsu S, Nariyama T, Matsumoto K, Tsunashima H, Kikuyama T, Kubota J, Nagumo K, Fujioka H, Kato R, Murakawa Y. Distinguishing coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia from contamination using blood-culture positive bottle detection pattern and time to positivity. J Infect Chemother 2020; 26:672-675. [PMID: 32131983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Detection of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in blood culture may be a result of either bacteremia or contamination. This often leads to diagnostic uncertainly. Our objective was to develop a method for differentiating whether a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. positive blood culture represents bacteremia or contamination based on positive bottle detection pattern and time to positivity (TTP). METHODS This study included 155 and 51 adults with positive blood cultures for Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus hominis, respectively, over a three-year period from 2016 to 2018. Positive blood culture cases were categorized as either bacteremia or contamination based on the clinically available information, and the detection pattern and TTP in each category were investigated. RESULTS A total of 57, 92, and 6 S. epidermidis positive blood cultures were categorized as bacteremia, contamination, and undetermined, respectively, whereas 15 and 36 S. hominis positive blood cultures were categorized as bacteremia and contamination, respectively. For positive blood cultures categorized as bacteremia, all four bottles in two sets of blood cultures were positive in 47/47 S. epidermidis and 14/14 S. hominis, respectively, whereas either one bottle in each of two sets or three bottles in two sets were positive in 10/19 S. epidermidis and 1/4 S. hominis, respectively; most of those TTPs were <48 h. Among them, the TTP in catheter-related blood stream infection was <24 h. CONCLUSION Although clinical assessment is crucial to differentiate between bacteremia and contamination, a combination of positive bottle detection pattern and TTP is a valuable diagnostic auxiliary tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Osaki
- Central Laboratory, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Chiyoko Motegi
- Central Laboratory, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sho Ohyatsu
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nariyama
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Tsunashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kikuyama
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Juri Kubota
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kozue Nagumo
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hikari Fujioka
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kato
- Central Laboratory, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Murakawa
- Central Laboratory, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan; Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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8
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Takai A, Kikuchi K, Ichimura M, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Matsumoto K, Tsunashima H, Onda T, Kuniyoshi N, Nariyama T, Ohyatsu S, Kubota J, Nagumo K, Sato S, Hara M, Miyakawa H. Fructo-oligosaccharides ameliorate steatohepatitis, visceral adiposity, and associated chronic inflammation via increased production of short-chain fatty acids in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:46. [PMID: 32103741 PMCID: PMC7045471 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Within the spectrum of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in combination with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Dysbiosis was reported to contribute to NASH pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on steatohepatitis and visceral adiposity in an obese mouse model of NASH. Methods Twelve newborn C57BL/6 J male mice were subcutaneously injected with monosodium glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity on a conventional diet. Six mice were also administered 5% FOS via drinking water from 10 weeks of age. At 18 weeks, histological characteristics of the liver and epididymal fat were compared between the groups. Hepatic mRNA expression of lipid metabolism enzymes and SCFA in feces and sera were measured. Results Hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatocyte ballooning in the liver and increased hepatic mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase were observed in the MSG-treated mice. FOS treatment improved the liver pathology and blunted the increases in the mRNA expression levels of lipid metabolism enzymes. In addition, FOS inhibited adipocyte enlargement and formation of crown-like structures and reduced the M1 macrophage frequency in the epididymal fat of the MSG mice (39.4% ± 3.0% vs. 22.8% ± 0.7%; P = 0.001). FOS increased not only the fecal concentrations of n-butyric acid (0.04 ± 0.01 vs. 0.38 ± 0.14 mg/g, P = 0.02), propionic acid (0.09 ± 0.03 vs. 0.42 ± 0.16 mg/g, P = 0.02), and acetic acid (0.65 ± 0.16 vs. 1.48 ± 0.29 mg/g, P = 0.03) but also the serum concentration of propionic acid (3.9 ± 0.5 vs. 8.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L, P = 0.001). Conclusions FOS ameliorates steatohepatitis, visceral adiposity, and chronic inflammation by increasing SCFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Takai
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan.
| | - Mayuko Ichimura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Tsunashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kuniyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nariyama
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Sho Ohyatsu
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Juri Kubota
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Kozue Nagumo
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Shinpei Sato
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Masumi Hara
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyakawa
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, 5-1-1 Futako, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
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9
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Fukuchi M, Ueki S, Saito H, Miyabe Y, Konno Y, Omokawa A, Saga T, Moritoki Y, Takeda M, Yamada T, Hirokawa M. Comparison of CD16-negative selection vs. MACSxpress system for isolation of blood eosinophils. Allergol Int 2019; 68S:S11-S13. [PMID: 31072804 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mineyo Fukuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Saito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yui Miyabe
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takechiyo Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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10
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Takahashi S, Ozawa Y, Nagasawa J, Ito Y, Ouchi G, Kabbur P, Moritoki Y, Berg BW. Umbilical catheterization training: Tissue hybrid versus synthetic trainer. Pediatr Int 2019; 61:664-671. [PMID: 31145817 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study of umbilical catheterization deliberate practice training compared skill and knowledge outcomes of umbilical catheterization using a tissue-hybrid simulator (REAL) versus a synthetic simulated umbilical cord task trainer (ART). METHODS This was a prospective randomized control study. Pediatric residents were randomized to REAL or ART umbilical catheterization deliberate practice training. Pre-post-training changes in skill performance and knowledge scores for REAL and ART groups were compared. Fidelity of REAL and ART were compared by neonatologists. RESULTS Twenty-seven pediatric residents completed training. Post-training mean skill scores were improved compared to pre-test scores (REAL, P < 0.001; ART, P < 0.0001). Post-training skill, knowledge, and self-efficacy scores were not different between the REAL and ART groups. Fidelity of REAL was higher than ART for neonatologists (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The face validity of REAL was superior to ART, but resident umbilical cord deliberate practice training demonstrated no difference in skill, knowledge, and self-efficacy improvements between REAL and ART. Further studies on real patients are needed to evaluate the impact of using real or simulated umbilical cords for umbilical venous catheter/umbilical arterial catheter training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Takahashi
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Yuri Ozawa
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Junko Nagasawa
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yushi Ito
- National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Ouchi
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Prakash Kabbur
- Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.,Medical Center of Arlington, Sheridan Healthcare Services, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.,Center for Medical Education and Training, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Benjamin W Berg
- SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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11
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Hirokawa M, Fujishima N, Togashi M, Saga A, Omokawa A, Saga T, Moritoki Y, Ueki S, Takahashi N, Kitaura K, Suzuki R. High-throughput sequencing of IgG B-cell receptors reveals frequent usage of the rearranged IGHV4-28/IGHJ4 gene in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8645. [PMID: 31201346 PMCID: PMC6570656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired form of thrombocytopenia caused by IgG anti-platelet autoantibodies and represents an organ-specific autoimmune disorder. Although the glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa and GPIb/IX have been shown to be targets for autoantibodies, the antigen specificity of autoantibodies is not fully elucidated. To identify the characteristics of IgG B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires in ITP, we took advantage of adaptor-ligation PCR and high-throughput DNA sequencing methods for analyzing the clone-based repertoires of IgG-expressing peripheral blood B cells. A total of 2,009,943 in-frame and 315,469 unique reads for IGH (immunoglobulin heavy) were obtained from twenty blood samples. Comparison of the IGHV repertoires between patients and controls revealed an increased usage of IGHV4–28 in ITP patients. One hundred eighty-six distinct IGHV4–28-carrying sequences were identified in ITP patients and the majority of these clones used an IGHJ4 segment. The IGHV4–28/IGHJ4-carrying B-cell clones were found in all ITP patients. Oligoclonal expansions of IGHV4–28/IGHJ4-carrying B cells were accompanied by multiple related clones with single amino substitution in the CDR3 region suggesting somatic hypermutation. Taken together, the expansion of IGHV4–28/IGHJ4-carrying IgG-expressing B cells in ITP may be the result of certain antigenic pressure and may provide a clue for the immune pathophysiology of ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | - Naohito Fujishima
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masaru Togashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Ryuji Suzuki
- Repertoire Genesis Incorporation, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
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12
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Moritoki Y, Tsuneyama K, Nakamura Y, Kikuchi K, Shiota A, Ohsugi Y, Lian ZX, Zhang W, Yang GX, Ueki S, Takeda M, Omokawa A, Saga T, Saga A, Watanabe D, Miura M, Ueno Y, Leung PSC, Tanaka A, Gershwin ME, Hirokawa M. Anti-drug Antibodies Against a Novel Humanized Anti-CD20 Antibody Impair Its Therapeutic Effect on Primary Biliary Cholangitis in Human CD20- and FcγR-Expressing Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2534. [PMID: 30450101 PMCID: PMC6224429 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in expanding B cell-targeted therapies in human autoimmune diseases. However, clinical trials in human primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) using a chimeric antibody against human CD20 (hCD20) have showed limited efficacy. Two potential explanations for these disappointing results are the appearance of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and the high frequency of patients with moderate PBC or patients who had failed ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Here, we studied a novel humanized IgG1 antibody against hCD20 and explored its efficacy in early stage PBC using a well-defined murine model. We developed a unique murine model consisting of dnTGF-βRII mice expressing hCD20 and human Fcγ receptors (hFcγRs). Beginning at 4–6 weeks of age, equivalent to stage I/II human PBC, female mice were given weekly injections of an anti-hCD20 antibody (TKM-011) or vehicle control, and monitored for liver histology as well as a broad panel of immunological readouts. After 16 weeks' treatment, we observed a significant reduction in portal inflammation, a decrease in liver-infiltrating mononuclear cells as well as a reduction in liver CD8+ T cells. Importantly, direct correlations between numbers of liver non-B cells and B cells (r = 0.7426, p = 0.0006) and between numbers of liver memory CD8+ T cells and B cells (r = 0.6423, p = 0.0054) were apparent. Accompanying these changes was a dramatic reduction in anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs), interleukin (IL)-12p40 and IL-5, and elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory chemokine CXCL1/KC. In mice that developed ADAs, clinical improvements were less pronounced. Sustained treatment with B cell-targeted therapies may broadly inhibit effector pathways in PBC, but may need to be administered early in the natural history of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Center for Medical Education and Training, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan.,SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- Department of Fourth Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Shiota
- Institute of Immunology, Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Masahito Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Omagari Kosei Medical Center, Omagari, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Patrick S C Leung
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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13
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Ueki S, Nishikawa J, Fukuchi M, Konno Y, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Chihara J, Omokawa A, Saga T, Hirokawa M. ICAM-1 upregulation is not required for retinoic acid-induced human eosinophil survival. Immunol Lett 2018; 196:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Saga T, Tatsuko R, Aoki K, Omokawa A, Moritoki Y, Shimizu-Saga A, Kobayashi N, Ueki S, Ishii Y, Tateda K, Hirokawa M. Comparison of the Number of Genome-Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Among Epidemiologically Related and Unrelated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates of Indistinguishable Genotype by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Open-Reading Frame Typing Kit. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw172.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoo Saga
- Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
- Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kotaro Aoki
- Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Yamauchi Y, Ueki S, Konno Y, Ito W, Takeda M, Nakamura Y, Nishikawa J, Moritoki Y, Omokawa A, Saga T, Hirokawa M. The effect of hepatocyte growth factor on secretory functions in human eosinophils. Cytokine 2016; 88:45-50. [PMID: 27552115 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), originally identified as a potent mitogen for mature hepatocytes, is now recognized as a humoral mediator in inflammatory and immune responses. Previous studies indicated that HGF negatively regulated allergic airway inflammation. In view of eosinophils playing a role in the pathogenesis of asthma, especially in airway remodeling as a rich source of pro-fibrogenic mediators, the effects of HGF on the different types of eosinophil secretory functions were examined in this study. We found that HGF significantly inhibited IL-5-induced secretion of TGF-β and VEGF from human eosinophils. The inhibitory effect is not associated with TGF-β transcription; rather, it is associated with ultrastructural granule emptying and loss of intracellular TGF-β contents, indicating HGF inhibits the process of piecemeal degranulation. The effect of HGF on extracellular trap cell death (ETosis) that mediates cytolytic degranulation was also investigated; however, immobilized IgG- or phorbol myristate acetate-induced ETosis was only minimally attenuated by HGF. These results reveal the effect of HGF on the distinct pathways of eosinophil secretory functions and also provide novel insights into the role of HGF in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Yamauchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Wataru Ito
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan; Nagareyama Tobu Clinic, 909-1 Nazukari, Nagareyama City, Chiba 270-0145, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Junko Nishikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Tomoo Saga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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16
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Konno Y, Ueki S, Takeda M, Kobayashi Y, Tamaki M, Moritoki Y, Oyamada H, Itoga M, Kayaba H, Omokawa A, Hirokawa M. Correction: Functional Analysis of Free Fatty Acid Receptor GPR120 in Human Eosinophils: Implications in Metabolic Homeostasis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157208. [PMID: 27257962 PMCID: PMC4892469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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17
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Tsunashima H, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Hara M, Kikuchi K. Accumulated myeloid-derived suppressor cells demonstrate distinct phenotypes and functions in two non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mouse models. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2015; 4:313-9. [PMID: 26605278 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.04.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the steady state of hepatic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the lipid accumulation and inflammation-related changes in these cells, we analyzed the presence and functions of hepatic MDSCs in the following two non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models. METHODS Monosodium glutamate (MSG) model; MSG was subcutaneously injected into neonatal male C57BL/6J mice that were fed with normal diet up to 18 weeks of age. Methionine/choline-deficient diet (MCD) model; 16-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with an MCD for 2 weeks. Those hepatic MDSCs were evaluated by flow cytometry and immunohistochemically. RESULTS Both MSG and MCD mice exhibited greater numbers of hepatic lipid droplets than 18-week-old male control mice. Hepatocellular ballooning was obvious in MSG, whereas inflammatory cell infiltration were apparent in MCD mice. CD11b, CD115, and Gr-1-positive hepatic MDSCs were increased in both models but higher in MCD mice, and demonstrated higher expression of an M2 macrophage marker CD206 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in MSG compared to MCD mice. Degree of reactive oxygen species production was evaluated using the DCFDA MFI values, which were significantly elevated in hepatic MDSCs from MCD mice. MSG mouse livers demonstrated Gr-1 positive cell accumulation around lipid droplets, mimicking crown-like structures in adipose tissues. In contrast, hepatic Gr-1 positive cells were primarily located in inflammatory cell aggregates in MCD mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that hepatic fatty changes promote MDSC accumulation, and inflammatory changes induce phenotypic and functional alteration in hepatic MDSCs in NASH mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Tsunashima
- 1 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan ; 2 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-0194, Japan ; 3 Department of General Medical Practice and Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- 1 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan ; 2 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-0194, Japan ; 3 Department of General Medical Practice and Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- 1 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan ; 2 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-0194, Japan ; 3 Department of General Medical Practice and Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Masumi Hara
- 1 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan ; 2 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-0194, Japan ; 3 Department of General Medical Practice and Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- 1 Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan ; 2 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama 930-0194, Japan ; 3 Department of General Medical Practice and Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita-shi, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Ueki S, Konno Y, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Hirokawa M, Matsuwaki Y, Honda K, Ohta N, Yamamoto S, Takagi Y, Wada A, Weller PF. Eosinophil extracellular trap cell death-derived DNA traps: Their presence in secretions and functional attributes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:258-267. [PMID: 26070883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated human eosinophils, as well as neutrophils, can release extracellular chromatin to form DNA traps through cytolytic extracellular trap cell death (ETosis). Although formations of neutrophil DNA traps are recognized in patients with various inflammatory conditions, neither the presence of ETosis-derived eosinophil DNA traps in human allergic diseases nor the characteristics of these DNA traps have been studied. OBJECTIVE We investigated the presence of ETosis-derived DNA traps in eosinophil-rich sinus and ear secretions and the functional attributes of ETosis DNA traps. METHODS Eosinophil-rich secretions obtained from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and eosinophilic otitis media were studied microscopically. In vitro studies of ETosis and DNA trap formation used blood-derived eosinophils and neutrophils, and studies of the binding capacities of DNA traps used labeled bacteria and fluorescent microbeads. Stabilities of DNA traps were evaluated by using fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Abundant nuclear histone H1-bearing DNA traps formed in vivo in the eosinophilic secretions and contributed to their increased viscosity. In vitro, after brief shear flow, eosinophil ETosis-elicited DNA traps assembled to form stable aggregates. Eosinophil DNA traps entrapped bacteria and fungi and, through hydrophobic interactions, microbeads. In comparison with neutrophil-derived DNA traps, eosinophil DNA traps ultrastructurally exhibited thicker fibers with globular structures and were less susceptible to leukocyte-derived proteolytic degradation, likely because of the lesser protease activities of eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS In human allergic diseases local cytolysis of eosinophils not only releases free eosinophil granules but also generates nuclear-derived DNA traps that are major extracellular structural components within eosinophil-rich secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Divisions of Allergy and Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Matsuwaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Honda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Nobuo Ohta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shiori Yamamoto
- Cell Analysis Center, Scientific Affairs, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuri Takagi
- Cell Analysis Center, Scientific Affairs, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wada
- Cell Analysis Center, Scientific Affairs, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Peter F Weller
- Divisions of Allergy and Inflammation and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Itoga M, Konno Y, Moritoki Y, Saito Y, Ito W, Tamaki M, Kobayashi Y, Kayaba H, Kikuchi Y, Chihara J, Takeda M, Ueki S, Hirokawa M. G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist suppresses airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma through IL-10. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123210. [PMID: 25826377 PMCID: PMC4380451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen influences the disease severity and sexual dimorphism in asthma, which is caused by complex mechanisms. Besides classical nuclear estrogen receptors (ERαβ), G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) was recently established as an estrogen receptor on the cell membrane. Although GPER is associated with immunoregulatory functions of estrogen, the pathophysiological role of GPER in allergic inflammatory lung disease has not been examined. We investigated the effect of GPER-specific agonist G-1 in asthmatic mice. GPER expression in asthmatic lung was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining. OVA-sensitized BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were treated with G-1 by daily subcutaneous injections during an airway challenge phase, followed by histological and biochemical examination. Strikingly, administration of G-1 attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, accumulation of inflammatory cells, and levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) in BAL fluid. G-1 treatment also decreased serum levels of anti-OVA IgE antibodies. The frequency of splenic Foxp3+CD4+ regulatory T cells and IL-10-producing GPER+CD4+ T cells was significantly increased in G-1-treated mice. Additionally, splenocytes isolated from G-1-treated mice showed greater IL-10 production. G-1-induced amelioration of airway inflammation and IgE production were abolished in IL-10-deficient mice. Taken together, these results indicate that extended GPER activation negatively regulates the acute asthmatic condition by altering the IL-10-producing lymphocyte population. The current results have potential importance for understanding the mechanistic aspects of function of estrogen in allergic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Itoga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036–8562, Japan
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Division of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
| | - Yukiko Saito
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
| | - Wataru Ito
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Nagareyama Tobu Clinic, 909–1 Nazukari, Nagareyama City, Chiba, 270–0145, Japan
| | - Mami Tamaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573–1010, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kayaba
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036–8562, Japan
| | - Yuta Kikuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
| | - Junichi Chihara
- Soseikai General Hospital, 101 Shimotoba Hiroosacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 612–8473, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- * E-mail: (SU); (MT)
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
- * E-mail: (SU); (MT)
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010–8543, Japan
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Konno Y, Ueki S, Takeda M, Kobayashi Y, Tamaki M, Moritoki Y, Oyamada H, Itoga M, Kayaba H, Omokawa A, Hirokawa M. Functional analysis of free fatty acid receptor GPR120 in human eosinophils: implications in metabolic homeostasis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120386. [PMID: 25790291 PMCID: PMC4366258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown that eosinophils play an important role in metabolic homeostasis through Th2 cytokine production. GPR120 (FFA4) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for long-chain fatty acids that functions as a regulator of physiological energy metabolism. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether human eosinophils express GPR120 and, if present, whether it possesses a functional capacity on eosinophils. Eosinophils isolated from peripheral venous blood expressed GPR120 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Stimulation with a synthetic GPR120 agonist, GW9508, induced rapid down-regulation of cell surface expression of GPR120, suggesting ligand-dependent receptor internalization. Although GPR120 activation did not induce eosinophil chemotactic response and degranulation, we found that GW9508 inhibited eosinophil spontaneous apoptosis and Fas receptor expression. The anti-apoptotic effect was attenuated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors and was associated with inhibition of caspase-3 activity. Eosinophil response investigated using ELISpot assay indicated that stimulation with a GPR120 agonist induced IL-4 secretion. These findings demonstrate the novel functional properties of fatty acid sensor GPR120 on human eosinophils and indicate the previously unrecognized link between nutrient metabolism and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Konno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kansai Medical University, Shin-machi, Hirakata City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mami Tamaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hajime Oyamada
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masamichi Itoga
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kayaba
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ayumi Omokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirokawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Kikuchi K, Tsuneyama K, Yamada H, Kajiyama Y, Matsumoto K, Tsunashima H, Yamashita R, Takai A, Negishi M, Hara M, Moritoki Y, Miyakawa H. Splenic lymph follicles generate immunoglobulin M-producing B cells in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2014; 44:E253-E256. [PMID: 24033874 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To reveal the site of immunoglobulin (Ig)M production in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) we performed immunohistochemical analysis on spleens collected from patients with PBC. METHODS Splenic tissue samples were collected at the time of the autopsy from patients with hepatic failure. Immunostaining for IgM, CD21 and CXCL13 were performed using the splenic tissue samples. RESULTS The samples from five out of eight cases with PBC but not in eight cases of chronic hepatitis C virus infection showed accumulation of IgM positive cells in CD21 positive lymph follicles. The CXCL13 positive cells also accumulated in the center of the lymph follicles where the IgM positive cells accumulated. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that excess IgM is produced from the spleen of PBC. Furthermore, it was suggested that CXCL13 positive follicular dendritic cells possibly contribute to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kikuchi
- The Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Junko Nishikawa
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mami Tamaki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Junichi Chihara
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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23
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Deng YR, Yoshida K, Jin QL, Murata M, Yamaguchi T, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Niu JQ, Matsuzaki K, Lian ZX. Reversible phospho-Smad3 signalling between tumour suppression and fibrocarcinogenesis in chronic hepatitis B infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:102-11. [PMID: 24372395 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, type I receptor (TβRI) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) phosphorylate Smad3 differentially to create 2 isoforms phosphorylated (p) at the COOH-terminus (C) or at the linker region (L) and regulate hepatocytic fibrocarcinogenesis. This study aimed to compare the differences between how hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affected hepatocytic Smad3 phosphorylated isoforms before and after anti-viral therapy. To clarify the relationship between Smad3 phosphorylation and liver disease progression, we studied 10 random patients in each stage of HBV-related fibrotic liver disease (F1-4) and also 10 patients with HBV-associated HCC. To examine changes in phosphorylated Smad3 signalling before and after anti-HBV therapies, we chose 27 patients with chronic hepatitis B who underwent baseline and follow-up biopsies at 52 weeks from the start of nucleoside analogue treatments (Lamivudine 100 mg daily or Telbivudine 600 mg daily). Fibrosis stage, inflammatory activity and phosphorylated Smad3 positivity in the paired biopsy samples were compared. Hepatocytic pSmad3C signalling shifted to fibrocarcinogenic pSmad3L signalling as the livers progressed from chronic hepatitis B infection to HCC. After nucleoside analogue treatment, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HBV-DNA levels in 27 patients with HBV-related chronic liver diseases were decreased dramatically. Decrease in HBV-DNA restored pSmad3C signalling in hepatocytes, while eliminating prior fibrocarcinogenic pSmad3L signalling. Oral nucleoside analogue therapies can suppress fibrosis and reduce HCC incidence by successfully reversing phosphorylated Smad3 signalling; even liver disease progressed to cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-R Deng
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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24
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Takeda M, Tanabe M, Ito W, Ueki S, Konnno Y, Chihara M, Itoga M, Kobayashi Y, Moritoki Y, Kayaba H, Chihara J. Gender difference in allergic airway remodelling and immunoglobulin production in mouse model of asthma. Respirology 2014; 18:797-806. [PMID: 23490273 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of adult asthma and severe asthma is higher in women. It has also been reported that female mice are more susceptible than males to the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The influence of gender difference in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, especially airway remodelling in an animal model, has been studied rarely. We investigated gender difference in the development of airway remodelling using a long-term antigen-challenged mouse asthma model. METHODS Following ovalbumin (OVA)/alum intraperitoneal injection, male or female mice (BALB/c) were challenged with aerosolized 1% OVA on 3 days/week for 5 weeks, and differences in AHR, airway inflammation and airway remodelling between the sexes were investigated. RESULTS In OVA-sensitized and OVA-challenged (OVA/OVA) female mice, eosinophils, lymphocytes, T-helper type 2 cytokines and growth factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased compared with OVA/OVA male mice. Histological features of airway remodelling were also increased in OVA/OVA female mice. Serum total and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and serum IgA were significantly elevated in OVA/OVA female mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that female mice experience more airway remodelling compared with male mice. These results suggest the involvement of sex hormones and gender differences in cellular functions in airway remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Takeda
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita
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Saito Y, Takeda M, Nishikawa J, Konno Y, Tamaki M, Itoga M, Kobayashi Y, Moritoki Y, Ito W, Chihara J, Ueki S. The effect of pharmacological PI3Kγ inhibitor on eotaxin-induced human eosinophil functions. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 27:164-9. [PMID: 24333185 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation caused by activation of immune cells including Th2 lymphocytes and eosinophils. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ deficient asthmatic mice did not develop lung eosinophilia, although the detailed mechanisms are not well known. A CC chemokine eotaxin (CCL11) plays a prominent role in developing eosinophilic inflammation through CCR3. In this study, we tested the roles of PI3Kγ in eotaxin-induced eosinophil functions using a pharmacological inhibitor. METHOD Human peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated by CD16-negative selection method. The effect of AS605240, synthetic PI3Kγ inhibitor on eotaxin-induced adhesion, chemotaxis, and degranulation were studied using intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-coated plates, Boyden chamber system, ELISA for eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) levels in the culture supernatant, respectively. CCR3 expression levels and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation were assessed by flowcytometry. Involvement of PI3Kγ in spontaneous apoptosis was studied using flowcytometry. RESULTS Although AS605240 did not affect the eosinophil spontaneous apoptosis, eotaxin-induced chemotaxis, adhesion to ICAM-1 coated plate, and EDN release were inhibited by AS605240. AS605240 also inhibited the eotaxin-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation without down-regulation of surface CCR3 expression. CONCLUSION These results indicate that PI3Kγ inhibitor attenuates eotaxin-induced eosinophil functions by suppressing the downstream signaling of CCR3 without significant cytotoxicity. PI3Kγ plays an important role in the development of eosinophilic inflammation and blockade of PI3Kγ might be a therapeutic strategy for treatment of eosinophil-related diseases including asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Saito
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masahide Takeda
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | - Junko Nishikawa
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasunori Konno
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mami Tamaki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masamichi Itoga
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kobayashi
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Wataru Ito
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Junichi Chihara
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Yamamoto R, Ueki S, Moritoki Y, Kobayashi Y, Oyamada H, Konno Y, Tamaki M, Itoga M, Takeda M, Ito W, Chihara J. Adiponectin attenuates human eosinophil adhesion and chemotaxis: implications in allergic inflammation. J Asthma 2013; 50:828-35. [PMID: 23777560 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2013.816725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growing evidence has shown an association between obesity and asthma. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine, is known to have anti-inflammatory effects with reduced concentrations in obese subjects. Recent findings raised the intriguing possibility that adiponectin might play a role in allergic inflammation, although the mechanistic basis for their relationship remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine whether adiponectin might affect functions of eosinophils, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. METHODS Human peripheral blood eosinophils were purified to study expression of adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 using RT-PCR and flow cytometry. The effect of adiponectin on eosinophil survival was investigated using annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Eotaxin-induced cell adhesion was investigated using ICAM-1-coated plates. A Boyden chamber and real-time horizontal migration system were used for eotaxin-directed chemotaxis assay. Expression of eotaxin receptor CCR3 and intracellular calcium influx were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were expressed in human eosinophils. Adiponectin did not affect eosinophil survival or CCR3 expression; however, eotaxin-enhanced adhesion was inhibited by pretreatment with adiponectin. Adiponectin also diminished eotaxin-directed chemotactic responses by disturbing both velocity and directionality. Calcium influx in response to eotaxin was attenuated by adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that adiponectin attenuates the eosinophil functions induced by eotaxin without affecting cell viability. The inhibitory effect was associated with diminished calcium signaling rather than altering of surface receptor expression. Increasing circulating adiponectin might be a novel therapeutic modality for treatment of asthma, especially in obese asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Yamamoto
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine , Akita , Japan
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Ueki S, Nishikawa J, Yamauchi Y, Konno Y, Tamaki M, Itoga M, Kobayashi Y, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Ito W, Chihara J. Retinoic acids up-regulate functional eosinophil-driving receptor CCR3. Allergy 2013; 68:953-6. [PMID: 23742077 DOI: 10.1111/all.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eotaxins and their receptor CCR3 have a definitive role for tissue accumulation of eosinophils both under homeostatic and pathologic conditions. However, physiological stimuli that can up-regulate CCR3 in blood-derived human eosinophils have not been recognized. As a prior gene microarray study revealed up-regulation of CCR3 in eosinophils stimulated with retinoic acids (RAs), the expression of functional CCR3 was examined. We found that 9-cis RA and all-trans RA (ATRA) significantly induced surface CCR3 expression regardless of the presence of IL-3 or IL-5. Pharmacological manipulations with receptor-specific agonists and antagonists indicated that retinoic acid receptor-α activation is critical for CCR3 up-regulation. RA-induced CCR3 was associated with its functional capacity, in terms of the calcium mobilization and chemotactic response to eotaxin-1 (CCL11). Our study suggests an important role of vitamin A derivatives in the tissue accumulation of eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ueki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - J. Nishikawa
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - Y. Yamauchi
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - Y. Konno
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - M. Tamaki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - M. Itoga
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - Y. Kobayashi
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - M. Takeda
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - Y. Moritoki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - W. Ito
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
| | - J. Chihara
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; Akita; Japan
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Takeda M, Ueki S, Kato H, Konno Y, Chihara M, Itoga M, Kobayashi Y, Moritoki Y, Ito W, Kayaba H, Chihara J. Obesity and eosinophilic inflammation: does leptin play a role. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 158 Suppl 1:87-91. [PMID: 22627373 DOI: 10.1159/000337799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been pointed out that obesity is a risk factor for, and is involved in the exacerbation of asthma. Mounting evidence about adipose tissue-derived proteins (adipokines) gave rise to the current understanding of obesity as a systemic inflammatory disorder. In this review, we summarized the involvement of leptin, focusing on eosinophil functions. Several studies have indicated that leptin can restrain eosinophil apoptosis, enhance migration, increase adhesion molecules and induce cytokine production. Since leptin also acts on a variety of immune cells related to allergic response, increased leptin in obese individuals potentially explains the mechanism by which obesity leads to an exacerbation of asthma. Further studies targeting adipokines will delineate the association between obesity and eosinophil-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Takeda
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Jin Q, Moritoki Y, Lleo A, Tsuneyama K, Invernizzi P, Moritoki H, Kikuchi K, Lian ZX, Hirschfield GM, Ansari AA, Coppel RL, Gershwin ME, Niu J. Comparative analysis of portal cell infiltrates in antimitochondrial autoantibody-positive versus antimitochondrial autoantibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012; 55:1495-506. [PMID: 22135136 PMCID: PMC3299932 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Substantial evidence supports dysregulated B-cell immune responses in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), including the presence of serum antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). However, recent reports from murine models of PBC suggest that B cells may also provide regulatory function, and indeed the absence of B cells in such models leads to exacerbation of disease. The vast majority of patients with PBC have readily detectable AMAs, but a minority (<5%) are AMA negative (AMA(-)), even with recombinant diagnostic technology. This issue prompted us to examine the nature of B-cell infiltrates surrounding the portal areas in AMA-positive (AMA(+)) and AMA(-) patients, because they display indistinguishable clinical features. Of importance was the finding that the degree of bile duct damage around the portal areas was significantly milder in AMA(+) PBC than those observed in AMA(-) PBC patients. The portal areas from AMA(-) patients had a significant increase of cluster of differentiation (CD)5(+) cells infiltrating the ductal regions, and the levels of B-cell infiltrates were worse in the early phase of bile duct damage. The frequency of positive portal areas and the magnitude of CD5(+) and CD20(+) cellular infiltrates within areas of ductal invasion is associated with the first evidence of damage of biliary duct epithelia, but becomes reduced in the ductopenia stage, with the exception of CD5(+) cells, which remain sustained and predominate over CD20(+) cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a putative role of B-cell autoimmunity in regulating the portal destruction characteristic of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Jin
- First Hospital, University of Jilin, 71 XinMin Street, ChangChun, 130021, China
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Ana Lleo
- Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy,Department of Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Hitoshi Moritoki
- Moritoki Laboratory of Plasticity, Ogata-mura, Minami-Akita, 010-0442, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kikuchi
- Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 443 Huangshan Road, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Gideon M. Hirschfield
- Liver Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aftab A. Ansari
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | | | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616,Correspondence to: M. Eric Gershwin, M.D., Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616; Telephone: +1-530-752-2884; Fax: +1-530-752-4669; or Junqi Niu, Department of Hepatology, First Hospital, University of Jilin, Changchun, 130021, China; Telephone +86 431-8878-3891; Fax: +86-431-8561-2708;
| | - Junqi Niu
- First Hospital, University of Jilin, 71 XinMin Street, ChangChun, 130021, China,Correspondence to: M. Eric Gershwin, M.D., Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616; Telephone: +1-530-752-2884; Fax: +1-530-752-4669; or Junqi Niu, Department of Hepatology, First Hospital, University of Jilin, Changchun, 130021, China; Telephone +86 431-8878-3891; Fax: +86-431-8561-2708;
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Tsuda M, Moritoki Y, Lian ZX, Zhang W, Yoshida K, Wakabayashi K, Yang GX, Nakatani T, Vierling J, Lindor K, Gershwin ME, Bowlus CL. Biochemical and immunologic effects of rituximab in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and an incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Hepatology 2012; 55:512-21. [PMID: 22006563 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to determine the safety and potential efficacy of B-cell depletion with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and an incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). This open-label study enrolled six patients with PBC and incomplete responses to UDCA to be treated with 2 doses of 1000 mg rituximab separated by 2 weeks and followed for 52 weeks. The primary endpoints were safety and changes in B-cell function. Two patients received only 1 dose of rituximab, one due to activation of latent varicella and the other due to a viral upper respiratory infection. Serum levels of total IgG, IgM, and IgA as well as anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies (AMAs) IgA and IgM decreased significantly from baseline by 16 weeks and returned to baseline levels by 36 weeks. Stimulation of B cells with CpG produced significantly less IgM at 52 weeks after treatment compared with B cells at baseline. In addition, transient decreases in memory B-cell and T-cell frequencies and an increase in CD25(high) CD4(+) T cells were observed after treatment. These changes were associated with significant increases in mRNA levels of FoxP3 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and a decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in CD4(+) T cells. Notably, serum alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly reduced up to 36 weeks following rituximab treatment. CONCLUSION These data suggest that depletion of B cells influences the induction, maintenance, and activation of both B and T cells and provides a potential mechanism for treatment of patients with PBC with an incomplete response to UDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Tsuda
- Divisions of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
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Ueki S, Kayaba H, Tomita N, Kobayashi N, Takahashi T, Obara T, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Itoga M, Ito W, Ohsaga A, Kondoh K, Chihara J. [Development of a microbiology data warehouse (Akita-ReNICS) for networking hospitals in a medical region]. Rinsho Byori 2011; 59:364-371. [PMID: 21626877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The active involvement of hospital laboratory in surveillance is crucial to the success of nosocomial infection control. The recent dramatic increase of antimicrobial-resistant organisms and their spread into the community suggest that the infection control strategy of independent medical institutions is insufficient. To share the clinical data and surveillance in our local medical region, we developed a microbiology data warehouse for networking hospital laboratories in Akita prefecture. This system, named Akita-ReNICS, is an easy-to-use information management system designed to compare, track, and report the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. Participating laboratories routinely transfer their coded and formatted microbiology data to ReNICS server located at Akita University Hospital from their health care system's clinical computer applications over the internet. We established the system to automate the statistical processes, so that the participants can access the server to monitor graphical data in the manner they prefer, using their own computer's browser. Furthermore, our system also provides the documents server, microbiology and antimicrobiotic database, and space for long-term storage of microbiological samples. Akita-ReNICS could be a next generation network for quality improvement of infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu Ueki
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Infection Control Team, Akita University Hospital, Akita 010-8543, Japan
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Tsuda M, Ambrosini Y, Moritoki Y, Yoshida K, Zhang W, Yang GX, Ando Y, Rong G, Nakatani T, Bowlus C, Ansari A, Lian ZX, Gershwin ME. CD45ROhighCD57+CD8high T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis (101.4). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.101.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a female predominant organ specific autoimmune disease with specific destruction of intrahepatic small biliary epithelial cells (BECs). Patients develop a multilineage response to the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC-E2) involving autoantibody as well as autoreactive CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. Recent data from murine PBC models have suggested that liver-infiltrating CD8 T cells play a critical role in biliary destruction in PBC. Many studies suggest the augmented cytotoxicity of CD57+CD8 T lymphocytes. Therefore, we have studied the frequencies and phenotypic characterization of CD8highCD57+ T lymphocyte components in both patients with PBC and age matched controls. Our data indicate that CD45ROhighCD57+CD8high T lymphocytes from PBC patients, but not controls, have significant phenotypic alterations, including increased expression α4β7high and reduced expression of annexin V after TCR stimulation. Our data also indicate that patient CD45ROhighCD57+CD8high T cells express higher granzyme A, B, perforin, CCR5 and α4β7, reduced expression of CCR7 than other CD8high T cells. Furthermore, IFN-γ and IL-5 productions by CD57+CD8high T lymphocytes upon in vitro TCR stimulation are increased in PBC patients. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that CD45ROhighCD57+CD8high T cells are a subset of cytotoxic memory cells which play a critical role in the chronic and progressive destruction of BECs in PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Tsuda
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
- 2Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Ambrosini
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Katsunori Yoshida
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Weici Zhang
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Yugo Ando
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Guanghua Rong
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Toshio Nakatani
- 2Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Christopher Bowlus
- 3Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Aftab Ansari
- 4Department of Pathology, Emory University Sch. of Med., Atlanta, GA
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
- 5Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA
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Moritoki Y, Tsuda M, Tsuneyama K, Zhang W, Yoshida K, Lian ZX, Yang GX, Ridgway WM, Wicker LS, Ansari AA, Gershwin ME. A critical role of B cells in biliary disease and sialadenitis in the NOD.c3c4 model of autoimmune cholangitis. (44.8). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.44.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of PBC in humans has been a controversial problem. On the one hand, the serologic hallmark of PBC are the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies, found in >90% of patients. However, the antibodies do not correlate with disease severity and the titers do not change following therapeutic orthotopic liver transplantation. In addition, related work on a murine model of PBC, the dnTGFβRII mice, suggests that regulatory B cells may be an important contributor to disease pathogenesis. Indeed, the absence of B cells in this model exacerbates biliary pathology. To address this problem, we have taken advantage of the availability of both dnTGFβRII mice and NOD.c3c4 mice, to study the role of B cells in the natural history of disease. In particular, we generated genetically B cell deficient (Igμ-/-) NOD.c3c4 mice and compared the immunopathology of these mice to control B cell sufficient (Igμ+/+) NOD.c3c4 mice. Igμ-/- NOD.c3c4 mice not only had an amelioration of salivary gland inflammation, but also reduced numbers of inflammatory liver infiltrates, ameliorated liver inflammation, and a significantly lower prevalence of biliary cyst formation. B cell deficient mice demonstrated decreased number of non-B cells in the liver accompanied by reduced numbers of activated natural killer cells. In conclusion, B cells play a critical role in promoting liver inflammation and cyst formation as well as salivary gland pathology in autoimmune NOD.c3c4 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
- 2Dept. of Central Clinical Laboratory, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Masanobu Tsuda
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- 3Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Weici Zhang
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Katsunori Yoshida
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- 4Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - William M. Ridgway
- 5Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Linda S. Wicker
- 6Juvenile Diabetes Res. Fndn./Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Dept. of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aftab A. Ansari
- 7Dept. of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
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Moritoki Y, Tsuda M, Tsuneyama K, Zhang W, Yoshida K, Lian ZX, Yang GX, Ridgway WM, Wicker LS, Ansari AA, Gershwin ME. B cells promote hepatic inflammation, biliary cyst formation, and salivary gland inflammation in the NOD.c3c4 model of autoimmune cholangitis. Cell Immunol 2011; 268:16-23. [PMID: 21349500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 01/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are now several murine models of autoimmune cholangitis that have features both similar and distinct from human PBC. One such model, the NOD.c3c4 mouse, manifests portal cell infiltrates, anti-mitochondrial antibodies but also biliary cysts. The biliary cysts are not a component of PBC and not found in the other murine models. To address the immunopathology in these mice, we generated genetically B cell deficient Igμ(-/-) NOD.c3c4 mice and compared the immunopathology of these animals to control B cell sufficient NOD.c3c4 mice. B cell deficient mice demonstrated decreased number of non-B cells in the liver accompanied by reduced numbers of activated natural killer cells. The degree of granuloma formation and bile duct damage were comparable to NOD.c3c4 mice. In contrast, liver inflammation, biliary cyst formation and salivary gland inflammation was significantly attenuated in these B cell deficient mice. In conclusion, B cells play a critical role in promoting liver inflammation and also contribute to cyst formation as well as salivary gland pathology in autoimmune NOD.c3c4 mice, illustrating a critical role of B cells in modulating specific organ pathology and, in particular, in exacerbating both the biliary disease and the sialadenitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Obara T, Oyamada H, Kamada Y, Fujita M, Suzuki T, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Ueki S, Itoh W, Kayaba H, Chihara J. [Analysis of medical incident reports in a central clinical laboratory]. Rinsho Byori 2010; 58:1234-1235. [PMID: 21417099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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36
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Yamauchi Y, Kayaba H, Itoh W, Ueki S, Moritoki Y, Takeda M, Suzuki T, Itoga M, Hirasawa H, Fujita M, Hihara J. [Osmotic fragility test and RBC shape change analysis using flow cytometry]. Rinsho Byori 2010; 58:1230-1231. [PMID: 21417096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Lafdil F, Wang H, Park O, Zhang W, Moritoki Y, Yin S, Fu XY, Gershwin ME, Lian ZX, Gao B. Myeloid STAT3 inhibits T cell-mediated hepatitis by regulating T helper 1 cytokine and interleukin-17 production. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:2125-35.e1-2. [PMID: 19686746 PMCID: PMC2789897 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS T cell-mediated hepatitis is a leading cause of acute liver failure; there is no effective treatment, and the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune cell-signaling pathways involved-specifically the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-in T cell-mediated hepatitis in mice. METHODS T cell-mediated hepatitis was induced in mice by injection of concanavalin A (Con A). Mice with myeloid cell-specific and T-cell-specific deletion of STAT3 were generated. RESULTS STAT3 was activated in myeloid and T cells following Con A injection. Deletion of STAT3 specifically from myeloid cells exacerbated T-cell hepatitis and induced STAT1-dependent production of a T helper cell (Th)1 cytokine (interferon [IFN]-gamma) and to a lesser extent of Th17 cytokines (interleukin [IL]-17 and IL-22) in a STAT1-independent manner. In contrast, deletion of STAT3 in T cells reduced T cell-mediated hepatitis and IL-17 production. Furthermore, deletion of IFN-gamma completely abolished Con A-induced T-cell hepatitis, whereas deletion of IL-17 slightly but significantly reduced such injury. In vitro experiments indicated that IL-17 promoted liver inflammation but inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid STAT3 activation inhibits T cell-mediated hepatitis via suppression of a Th1 cytokine (IFN-gamma) in a STAT1-dependent manner, whereas STAT3 activation in T cells promotes T-cell hepatitis to a lesser extent, via induction of IL-17. Therefore, activation of STAT3 in myeloid cells could be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with T-cell hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Lafdil
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ogyi Park
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Shi Yin
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Yuan Fu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Moritoki Y, Lian ZX, Lindor K, Tuscano J, Tsuneyama K, Zhang W, Ueno Y, Dunn R, Kehry M, Coppel RL, Mackay IR, Gershwin ME. B-cell depletion with anti-CD20 ameliorates autoimmune cholangitis but exacerbates colitis in transforming growth factor-beta receptor II dominant negative mice. Hepatology 2009; 50:1893-903. [PMID: 19877182 PMCID: PMC4130556 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with conventional immunosuppressive drugs has been relatively disappointing and there have been few efforts in defining a role for the newer biological agents useful in rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic autoimmune diseases. In this study we took advantage of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor II dominant negative (dnTGF-betaRII) mice, a mouse model of autoimmune cholangitis, to address the therapeutic efficacy of B-cell depletion using anti-CD20. Mice were treated at either 4-6 weeks of age or beginning at 20-22 weeks of age with intraperitoneal injections of anti-CD20 every 2 weeks. We quantitated B-cell levels in all mice as well as antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA), serum and hepatic levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and histopathology of liver and colon. In mice whose treatment was initiated at 4-6 weeks of age, anti-CD20 therapy demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of liver inflammation associated with reduced numbers of activated hepatic CD8(+) T cells. However, colon inflammation was exacerbated. In contrast, in mice treated at 20-22 weeks of age, anti-CD20 therapy had relatively little effect on either liver or colon disease. As expected, all treated animals had reduced levels of B cells, absence of AMA, and increased levels in sera of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL2) (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]). CONCLUSION These data suggest potential usage of anti-CD20 in early PBC resistant to other modalities, but raise a cautionary note regarding the use of anti-CD20 in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Keith Lindor
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Foundation, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Joseph Tuscano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | | | | | - Ross L. Coppel
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Ian R. Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Yoshida K, Yang GX, Zhang W, Tsuda M, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Ansari AA, Okazaki K, Lian ZX, Coppel RL, Mackay IR, Gershwin ME. Deletion of interleukin-12p40 suppresses autoimmune cholangitis in dominant negative transforming growth factor beta receptor type II mice. Hepatology 2009; 50:1494-500. [PMID: 19676134 PMCID: PMC2783300 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Our laboratory has reported that mice that express a dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor restricted to T cells (dnTGFbetaRII) develop an inflammatory biliary ductular disease with elevated serum levels of interleukin (IL)-12p40 and other proinflammatory cytokines and antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMAs) closely resembling human primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We have used this mouse model to address the potential mechanisms of immunomodulation of liver disease by creating two unique genetic strains: IL-12p40 knockout (KO)-dnTGFbetaRII mice and IFN-gamma KO-dnTGFbetaRII mice. The two colonies of genetically modified mice-and, for purposes of controls, the dnTGFbetaRII mice-were monitored for liver immunopathology, AMAs, and intrahepatic cytokine production. Disease expression in the IFN-gamma KO-dnTGFbetaRII mice, including liver immunopathology, were similar to those of dnTGFbetaRII mice, whereas the IL-12p40 KO-dnTGFbetaRII mice had a dramatic reduction in histological autoimmune cholangitis and significant decreases in levels of intrahepatic proinflammatory cytokines, but similar levels of AMAs compared with dnTGFbetaRII controls. CONCLUSION These data indicate that in this mouse model of PBC, signaling by way of IL-12p40 is an essential requirement for the development of autoimmune cholangitis. The results of these studies will play an important role in identifying pathways and reagents that will selectively inhibit IL-12 signaling for the outlining of future therapeutic strategies for human PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Guo-Xiang Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Masanobu Tsuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology (I), University of Toyama School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Aftab A. Ansari
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Ross L. Coppel
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian R. Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Zhang W, Moritoki Y, Tsuneyama K, Yang GX, Ilan Y, Lian ZX, Gershwin ME. Beta-glucosylceramide ameliorates liver inflammation in murine autoimmune cholangitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 157:359-64. [PMID: 19664143 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03971.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated spontaneous development of autoimmune cholangitis, similar to human primary biliary cirrhosis, in mice expressing a dominant negative form of the transforming growth factor-beta receptor (dnTGF-betaRII) restricted to T cells. The autoimmune cholangitis appears to be mediated by autoreactive CD8(+) T lymphocytes that home to the portal tracts and biliary system. Because the liver pathology is primarily secondary to CD8(+) T cells, we have determined herein whether administration of beta-glucosylceramide (GC), a naturally occurring plant glycosphingolipid, alters the natural history of disease in this model. We chose GC because previous work has demonstrated its ability to alter CD8(+) T cell responses and to down-regulate tissue inflammation. Accordingly, dnTGF-betaRII mice were treated with either GC or control for a period of 18 weeks beginning at 6 weeks of age. Importantly, in mice that received GC, there was a significant decrease in the frequency and absolute number of autoreactive liver-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, accompanied by a significant decrease in activated CD44(high) CD8(+) T cell populations. Further, there was a significant reduction in portal inflammation in GC-treated mice. Interestingly, there were no changes in anti-mitochondrial antibodies, CD4(+) T cells, CD19(+) B cells or natural killer (NK) T cell populations, indicating further that the beneficial effects of GC on liver inflammation were targeted specifically to liver-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells. These data suggest that further work on GC in models of CD8(+) T-mediated inflammation are needed and point to a new therapeutic venue for potentially treating and/or modulating autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Okamura T, Akita H, Nishio H, Moritoki Y, Hirose Y, Kato T, Tozawa K, Kohri K. UP-3.039: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Instillation for Primary And Recurring T1G3 Bladder Cancers. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kawai T, Hosoya N, Moritoki Y, Kajiyama Y, Watanabe M, Takai A, Selmi C, Gershwin ME, Miyakawa H, Kikuchi K. Autoantibody IgG subclasses to recombinant antigens and the role of bacterial stimuli in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2009; 39:874-81. [PMID: 19624772 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2009.00533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Serum antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) of the IgG2 and IgG3 subclasses has been reported to be predominant in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis from developed countries. No data are available as to the significance of AMA subtypes in Japanese primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients who have previously manifested unique serological features, nor it is known whether AMA subclasses are influenced by bacterial stimuli, as suggested by the molecular theory of PBC. We undertook a three-step study to address these questions. METHODS First, Japanese PBC sera were tested using the established triple recombinant antigen (pML-MIT3) to find AMA subclass distribution. Second, we used the three recombinant mitochondrial antigens in PBC sera of Japanese and USA patients to explore the ethnic difference. Third, we used CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and a B cell mitogen to challenge ex vivo peripheral leukocytes from indirect immunofluorescence (IIF)-AMA-positive patients with Japanese PBC. RESULTS We detected most frequently IgG2-AMA followed by IgG3-AMA, with the latter being more common in IIF-AMA-positive cases, and demonstrated that the IgG3 reactivity against the dominant antigen was significantly higher in PBC sera from the USA. We determined that the bacterial stimulus was superior to the mitogen at inducing a predominant production of IgG2-AMA and CD20+ B cell activation. CONCLUSION Our data cumulatively supported the hypothesis that IgG2 AMA subtypes are predominant in PBC and suggest that this might be favored by an innate immune reaction against bacterial particles, such as CpG DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kawai
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Kenny TP, Shu SA, Moritoki Y, Keen CL, Gershwin ME. Cocoa flavanols and procyanidins can modulate the lipopolysaccharide activation of polymorphonuclear cells in vitro. J Med Food 2009; 12:1-7. [PMID: 19298189 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavanols and procyanidins isolated from cocoa have been reported to possess multiple activities potentially relevant to oxidant defenses, vascular function, and immune function. In a combination of in vivo and in vitro studies, we and others have observed that cocoa can be an anti-inflammatory modulator and that compounds in cocoa are capable of modulating eicosanoid production, platelet aggregation, and the pool size of nitric oxide. The present study extends these findings by examining the in vitro effects of cocoa procyanidins on polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). PMNs, part of the innate arm of the immune system, represent 50-60% of the total peripheral white blood cells and are the first cells to be recruited to the sites of inflammation or injury secondary to bacterial infections. Herein, we demonstrate that certain flavanols and procyanidins isolated from cocoa can moderate a subset of signaling pathways derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of PMNs, mainly, PMN oxidative bursts and activation markers, and they can influence select apoptosis mechanisms. We hypothesize that flavanols and procyanidins can decrease the impact of LPS on the N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-primed PMN ability to generate reactive oxygen species by partially interfering in activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Kenny
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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44
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Kikuchi K, Hsu W, Hosoya N, Moritoki Y, Kajiyama Y, Kawai T, Takai A, Hayami E, Selmi C, Gershwin ME, Miyakawa H. Ursodeoxycholic acid reduces CpG-induced IgM production in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2009; 39:448-54. [PMID: 19207576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2008.00474.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment reduces IgM serum levels in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) without affecting serum antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) titers. We previously reported that PBC-associated hyper-IgM is secondary to a disease-specific hyperproduction following bacterial stimulation by B cells. METHODS We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with PBC and controls and evaluated whether bacterial CpG challenge in the presence of UDCA at concentrations consistent with those achieved in treated patients led to changes in total IgM, IgG-AMA, and IgM-AMA production. Further, p65 phosphorylation and CD38 cell expression were analyzed as measures of activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway and B cell subsets, respectively. RESULTS UDCA significantly reduced CpG-induced total IgM and IgM-AMA production, but had no impact on IgG-AMA production. UDCA also significantly reduced the activation ofnaïve and IgM memory, but not IgG memory, B cells, as represented by CD38 expression levels. Further, p65 phosphorylation was significantly reduced in the presence of UDCA. CONCLUSION UDCA reduces total and IgM-AMA production in PBMC from patients with PBC by downregulating B cell activation and NF-kB signaling. These data ultimately suggest novel mechanisms of action for UDCA in chronic autoimmune cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kikuchi
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasake, Kangawa, Japan
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Moritoki Y, Zhang W, Tsuneyama K, Yoshida K, Wakabayashi K, Yang GX, Bowlus C, Ridgway WM, Ueno Y, Ansari AA, Coppel RL, Mackay IR, Flavell RA, Gershwin ME, Lian ZX. B cells suppress the inflammatory response in a mouse model of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2009; 136:1037-47. [PMID: 19118554 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mice that express a dominant-negative form of transforming growth factor-beta receptor restricted to T cells (dnTGF-betaRII) develop antimitochondrial antibodies and liver inflammation similar to human primary biliary cirrhosis. METHODS To address the role of B cells in this model of primary biliary cirrhosis, we bred B cell-deficient mice (Igmu(-/-)) with dnTGF-betaRII mice, creating Igmu(-/-)dnTGF-betaRII mice, and compared the resulting disease phenotype with that of dnTGF-betaRII mice (controls). We also performed adoptive transfer of dnTGF-betaRII CD8(+) splenocytes, with or without B cells, to 8-week-old female Rag-1(-/-) mice to assess the role of B cells in the inflammatory response. RESULTS The B cell-deficient Igmu(-/-)dnTGF-betaRII mice unexpectedly developed a more severe form of cholangitis than controls (dnTGF-betaRII mice) and had a significantly greater frequency of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the liver. They also had reduced frequency of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in the hepatic CD4(+) T-cell population and natural killer (NK) T cells (NK1.1(+) CD3(+)) in hepatic inflammatory cell infiltrates. The Igmu(-/-)dnTGF-betaRII mice had increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) and developed a more severe form of colitis than controls. Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) splenocytes from dnTGF-betaRII mice and peritoneal cavity-derived, but not spleen-derived, CD19(+) B cells into Rag-1(-/-) mice resulted in decreased amounts of liver inflammation and bile duct damage, compared with Rag-1(-/-) mice in which only CD8(+) splenocytes were transferred. CONCLUSION B cells have a suppressive effect on the inflammatory response in the dnTGF-betaRII model of primary biliary cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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Wakabayashi K, Yoshida K, Leung PSC, Moritoki Y, Yang GX, Tsuneyama K, Lian ZX, Hibi T, Ansari AA, Wicker LS, Ridgway WM, Coppel RL, Mackay IR, Gershwin ME. Induction of autoimmune cholangitis in non-obese diabetic (NOD).1101 mice following a chemical xenobiotic immunization. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 155:577-86. [PMID: 19094117 PMCID: PMC2669535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03837.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory has suggested that loss of tolerance to pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC-E2) leads to an anti-mitochondrial antibody response and autoimmune cholangitis, similar to human primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We have suggested that this loss of tolerance can be induced either via chemical xenobiotic immunization or exposure to select bacteria. Our work has also highlighted the importance of genetic susceptibility. Using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) congenic strain 1101 (hereafter referred to as NOD.1101 mice), which has chromosome 3 regions from B6 introgressed onto a NOD background, we exposed animals to 2-octynoic acid (2OA) coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA). 2OA has been demonstrated previously by a quantitative structural activity relationship to react as well as or better than lipoic acid to anti-mitochondrial antibodies. We demonstrate herein that NOD.1101 mice immunized with 2OA-BSA, but not with BSA alone, develop high titre anti-mitochondrial antibodies and histological features, including portal infiltrates enriched in CD8(+) cells and liver granulomas, similar to human PBC. We believe this model will allow the rigorous dissection of early immunogenetic cause of biliary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wakabayashi
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Hsu W, Zhang W, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Ridgway WM, Ansari AA, Coppel RL, Lian ZX, Mackay I, Gershwin ME. Differential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of autoimmune cholangitis versus inflammatory bowel disease in interleukin-2Ralpha(-/-) mice. Hepatology 2009; 49:133-40. [PMID: 19065673 PMCID: PMC2614451 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor alpha knockout (IL-2Ralpha(-/-)) mice have a deficiency of CD25 and a corresponding functional defect in T regulatory cells (Tregs). These mice spontaneously develop portal inflammation with biliary ductular damage and colitis with features similar to human inflammatory bowel disease with T cell infiltrates in both the liver and colon. In humans, inflammatory bowel disease may be accompanied by primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), but seldom primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We hypothesized that the effector mechanism responsible for T cell infiltrates would differ for colon versus liver. To address this thesis, we developed three colonies of double-knockout mice including IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD4(-/-), IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD8(-/-), and IL-2Ralpha(-/-) T cell receptor (TCR)-beta(-/-). Tissue immunopathology, body weight, and serum levels of cytokines, immunoglobulins, and anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) were assayed at 3 months of age. Relative to IL-2Ralpha(-/-) mice, IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD4(-/-) mice had increased biliary ductular damage but reduced inflammation in the colon. In contrast, IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD8(-/-) mice had increased colon inflammation but markedly attenuated biliary ductular damage. Both IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD4(-/-) and IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD8(-/-) mice demonstrated elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-12p40 (IL-12p40), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) compared with C57BL/6J controls, but only IL-2Ralpha(-/-) CD8(-/-) mice had increased serum levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), AMA and interleukin-17 (IL-17). Finally, and of importance, IL-2Ralpha(-/-) TCR-beta(-/-) mice had abrogation of liver and colon pathological conditions and lacked AMA. In conclusion, on loss of Treg function in mice, CD8 T cells mediate biliary ductular damage whereas CD4 T cells mediate induction of colon-specific autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama University, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - William M. Ridgway
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Aftab A. Ansari
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Ross L. Coppel
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Ian Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Lan RYZ, Salunga TL, Tsuneyama K, Lian ZX, Yang GX, Hsu W, Moritoki Y, Ansari AA, Kemper C, Price J, Atkinson JP, Coppel RL, Gershwin ME. Hepatic IL-17 responses in human and murine primary biliary cirrhosis. J Autoimmun 2008; 32:43-51. [PMID: 19101114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/01/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new regulatory and pro-inflammatory immune cell subsets and cytokines dictates the need to re-examine the role of these subsets in various diseases involving the immune system. IL-17 has been recently identified as a key cytokine involved in numerous autoimmune processes. However, its role in liver autoimmune diseases remains unclear. Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is characterized histologically by autoreactive CD4 and CD8 T cells surrounding damaged bile ducts. CD4(+) T cells are a major source of IL-17, which compose a distinct T helper subset (Th17). Thus we set out to determine the role of IL-17 in both human and a murine model of PBC in a liver-targeted manner. Our data demonstrate an increase in the frequency of IL-17(+) lymphocytic infiltration in liver tissues from PBC patients and those with other liver dysfunctions as compared to healthy livers. IL-2 receptor alpha knockout mice, a recently identified murine model of human PBC, also demonstrate marked aggregations of IL-17-positive cells within portal tracts and increased frequencies of Th17 cells in the liver compared to the periphery. Interestingly, CD4(+) T cells from livers of normal C57BL/6J mice also secreted higher levels of IL-17 relative to those from spleens, indicating a preferential induction of Th17 cells in liver tissues. Importantly, C57BL/6J cocultures of splenic CD4(+) T cells and liver non-parenchymal cells increased IL-17 production approximately 10-fold compared to T cells alone, suggesting a role of the liver microenvironment in Th17 induction in cases of liver autoimmunity and other liver inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Y Z Lan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California at Davis, 451 East Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Wei HX, Chuang YH, Li B, Wei H, Sun R, Moritoki Y, Gershwin ME, Lian ZX, Tian Z. CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells protect against T cell-mediated fulminant hepatitis in a TGF-beta-dependent manner in mice. J Immunol 2008; 181:7221-9. [PMID: 18981144 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.10.7221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are characterized by expression of CD4, CD25, and Foxp3, play a crucial role in the control of immune responses to both self and non-self Ags. To date, there are only limited data on their role in physiological and pathological hepatic immune responses. In this study, we examined the role of hepatic Tregs in immune-mediated liver injury by using the murine Con A-induced hepatitis model. Con A treatment was associated with an increased number of Foxp3(+) Tregs in liver but not in spleen. Moreover, the expression levels of Foxp3, CTLA-4, glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor, as well as the frequency of CD103 of Tregs were increased after Con A injection, being significantly higher in liver than in spleen. Depleting CD25(+) cells aggravated liver injury, whereas adoptively transferring CD25(+) cells or Tregs reduced liver injury in Con A-treated recipients. Con A treatment induced elevated serum levels and hepatic mononuclear mRNA expressions of TGF-beta, which were reduced by Tregs depletion. In addition, anti-TGF-beta mAbs blocked the suppressive function of Tregs from Con A-treated mice in vitro. Finally, TGF-beta receptor II dominant-negative mice, whose T cells express a dominant negative form of TGFbetaRII and therefore cannot respond to TGF-beta, had a higher mortality rate and severer liver injury than normal mice injected with the same dose of Con A. These results indicate that CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs play an important role in limiting the liver injury in Con A-induced hepatitis via a TGF-beta-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xing Wei
- Institute of Immunology, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Wakabayashi K, Lian ZX, Leung PSC, Moritoki Y, Tsuneyama K, Kurth MJ, Lam KS, Yoshida K, Yang GX, Hibi T, Ansari AA, Ridgway WM, Coppel RL, Mackay IR, Gershwin ME. Loss of tolerance in C57BL/6 mice to the autoantigen E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase by a xenobiotic with ensuing biliary ductular disease. Hepatology 2008; 48:531-40. [PMID: 18563844 PMCID: PMC3753011 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There have been important advances in defining effector mechanisms for several human autoimmune diseases. However, for most human autoimmune diseases, the induction stage is less well defined and there are very few clues on etiology. Our laboratory has focused on defining the molecular basis of autoantibody recognition and epitope modification in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Our work has demonstrated that antibodies to mitochondria, the hallmark of disease, are directed against a very conserved site of pyruvate dehydrogenase, the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC-E2). We have also demonstrated that several chemical xenobiotics, chosen based on quantitative structural activity relationship analysis and rigorous epitope analysis, when coupled to the lysine residue that normally binds the lipoic acid cofactor of PDC-E2, reacts as well or better to PBC sera than native autoantigen. In the present studies, we immunized C57BL/6 mice with one such xenobiotic, 2-octynoic acid, coupled to bovine serum albumin and we followed the mice for 24 weeks. Animals were studied for appearance of histologic lesions as well as appearance of antibodies to PDC-E2, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, and splenic and liver lymphoid phenotyping by flow cytometry. Mice immunized with 2-octynoic acid manifest autoimmune cholangitis, typical mitochondrial autoantibodies, increased liver lymphoid cell numbers, an increase in CD8(+) liver infiltrating cells, particularly CD8(+) T cells that coexpress CD44, and finally an elevation of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. CONCLUSION these data provide a persuasive argument in favor of an environmental origin for human PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Wakabayashi
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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