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Jebai R, Asfar T, Nakkash R, Chehab S, Schmidt M, Wu W, Bursac Z, Maziak W. Comparisons between young adult waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers' reactions to pictorial health warning labels in Lebanon: a randomized crossover experimental study. Health Educ Res 2023; 38:537-547. [PMID: 37436823 PMCID: PMC10714039 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the impact of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) and their placements on waterpipe parts (device, tobacco and charcoal packages) on health communication outcomes between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers in Lebanon. An online randomized crossover experimental study was conducted among young adults (n = 403, August 2021) who observed three conditions of HWLs: pictorial HWLs on the tobacco package, pictorial HWLs on all waterpipe's parts and text-only HWL on the tobacco package in random order. Participants completed post-exposure assessments of health communication outcomes after each image. Using linear mixed models, we examined the differences in the effect of HWL conditions on several outcomes (i.e. warning reactions) between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers, controlling for confounders (i.e. age, sex). Nonsmokers reported greater attention (β = 0.54 [95% confidence interval: 0.25-0.82]), cognitive elaboration (0.31 [0.05-0.58]) and social interaction (0.41 [0.18-0.65]) for pictorial HWLs on the tobacco packages than text-only compared with smokers. Pictorial HWLs on three parts versus one part elicited higher cognitive reactions and perceived message effectiveness in nonsmokers compared with waterpipe smokers. These findings provide valuable information for policymakers about the potential of implementing HWLs specific to waterpipes to prevent their use among young adults and limit tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jebai
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - T Asfar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, CRB 919, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 5555 Ponce De Leon Blvd, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria
| | - R Nakkash
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh 1107 2020, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS: 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - S Chehab
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh 1107 2020, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Art, University of Memphis, 101 Wilder Tower, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - W Wu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Z Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - W Maziak
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria
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Osibogun O, Erinoso O, Li W, Bursac Z, Osibogun A. E-cigarette, cigarette, dual e-cigarette with cigarette use, and disability status among reproductive-aged women. Public Health 2023; 218:33-38. [PMID: 36963366 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE E-cigarettes have increased steadily among reproductive-aged women, despite our limited understanding of their effect on reproductive health. This study examined the associations of e-cigarette, cigarette, and dual use with disability in reproductive-aged women. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Data for this study were obtained from reproductive-aged women (18-44 years; n = 24,904) from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations of tobacco use patterns (dependent variable, i.e. non-use, current e-cigarette use, current cigarette use, and current dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes) with overall disability and the type of disability (independent variables). RESULTS Among women who reported any disability, 70.6%, 8.7%, 11.4% and 9.3% reported non-use, e-cigarette, cigarette, and dual use, respectively. In adjusted analysis, relative to non-use, women who reported any disability had higher odds of e-cigarette (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-3.07), cigarette (aOR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.12-2.25), and dual use (aOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.55-3.62) compared with women without disabilities. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study found higher odds of current e-cigarette use, cigarette use, and dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among women of reproductive age with ≥1 disability. Improved screening for the use of nicotine products among women of reproductive age with disabilities may be necessary to lessen the use of nicotine products in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
| | - O Erinoso
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - W Li
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Z Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - A Osibogun
- Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Palacios C, Trak-Fellermeier MA, Pérez CM, Huffman F, Hernandez Suarez Y, Bursac Z, Gambon TB, Nakatsu CH, Weaver CM. Effect of soluble corn fiber supplementation for 1 year on bone metabolism in children, the MetA-bone trial: Rationale and design. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 95:106061. [PMID: 32574844 PMCID: PMC7484365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium intake is critical for adequate bone mineralization in adolescence, but it is usually inadequate in US adolescents. A strategy to maximize bone mineralization is to increase calcium absorption, which could be achieved by soluble corn fiber (SCF). There are no studies determining the long-term effects of SCF on bone mass in children. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of one-year SCF supplementation compared to placebo on bone mass and bone biomarkers in children with low habitual calcium intake. We hypothesize that SCF supplementation will result in a higher bone mineral content and higher levels of bone formation and lower bone resorption biomarkers. METHODS 240 healthy children (10-13 years), with usual low calcium intake, will be randomized to four experimental groups for 1 year: (1) SCF (12 g/d); (2) SCF (12 g/d) + 600 mg/d of calcium; (3) Placebo (maltodextrin); and (4) Placebo +600 mg/d of calcium. The supplements have been pre-mixed with a flavored powder beverage and participants will only need to dilute it in water and drink this twice per day. Bone will be measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Serum bone biomarkers will be measured at baseline and at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS If supplementing diets with SCF lead to higher bone mass during adolescence, this could help achieve the genetic potential for PBM and to start adult life with stronger bones. If successful, SCF can be incorporated into diets for promoting bone health in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Palacios
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America.
| | - M A Trak-Fellermeier
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America
| | - C M Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America
| | - F Huffman
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America
| | - Y Hernandez Suarez
- Vice Provost for Population Health and Well-being, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America
| | - Z Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States of America
| | - T B Gambon
- Pediatrician, Citrus Health Network, 551 W 51st Pl, Hialeah, FL 33012, United States of America
| | - C H Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, 915 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2053, United States of America
| | - C M Weaver
- Distinguished Professor emerita, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
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Cyrus E, Clarke R, Hadley D, Bursac Z, Trepka MJ, Dévieux JG, Bagci U, Furr-Holden D, Coudray M, Mariano Y, Kiplagat S, Noel I, Ravelo GJ, Paley M, Wagner E. The impact of COVID-19 on African American communities in the United States. medRxiv 2020. [PMID: 32511486 PMCID: PMC7273254 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.15.20096552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Importance: The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), declared a pandemic in March 2020, may present with disproportionately higher rates in underrepresented racial/ethnic minority populations in the United States, including African American communities who have traditionally been over-represented in negative health outcomes. Study Objective: To understand the impact of the density of African American communities (defined as the percentage of African Americans in a county) on COVID-19 prevalence and death rate within the three most populous counties in each U.S. state and territory (n=152). Design: An ecological study using linear regression was employed for the study. Setting: The top three most populous counties of each U.S. state and territory were included in analyses for a final sample size of n=152 counties. Participants: Confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths that were accumulated between January 22, 2020 and April 12, 2020 in each of the three most populous counties in each U.S. state and territory were included. Main outcome measures: Linear regression was used to determine the association between African American density and COVID-19 prevalence (defined as the percentage of cases for the county population), and death rate (defined as number of deaths per 100,000 population). The models were adjusted for median age and poverty. Results: There was a direct association between African American density and COVID-19 prevalence; COVID-19 prevalence increased 5% for every 1% increase in county AA density (p<.01). There was also an association between county AA density and COVID-19 deaths, such; the death rate increased 2 per 100,000 for every percentage increase in county AA density (p=.02). Conclusion: These study findings indicate that communities with a high African American density have been disproportionately burdened with COVID-19. Further study is needed to indicate if this burden is related to environmental factors or individual factors such as types of employment or comorbidities that members of these community have.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cyrus
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - R Clarke
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - D Hadley
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827
| | - Z Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - M J Trepka
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - J G Dévieux
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - U Bagci
- Center for Research in Department of Computer Vision (CRCV), Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816
| | - D Furr-Holden
- Division of Public Health, College of Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, MI 48502
| | - M Coudray
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Fl 33199
| | - Y Mariano
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - S Kiplagat
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - I Noel
- Department of Psychology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110
| | - G J Ravelo
- Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - M Paley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136
| | - E Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
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Christiansen M, Francillon L, Ikwuezunma G, Gordon J, Goedecke P, Bursac Z, Detti L. Prediction of first trimester miscarriage by ultrasound. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lopez-Neyman S, Zohoori N, Krukowski R, Bursac Z, Phillips M. An Examination of Dietary Electrolyte Intake among Adults Living in Arkansas: Implications for Practice. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tabatabai MA, Eby WM, Bursac Z. Oscillabolastic model, a new model for oscillatory dynamics, applied to the analysis of Hes1 gene expression and Ehrlich ascites tumor growth. J Biomed Inform 2011; 45:401-7. [PMID: 22198604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper introduces a new dynamical model, called the oscillabolastic model, to analyze the dynamical behavior of biomedical data when one observes oscillatory behavior. The proposed oscillabolastic model is sufficiently flexible to represent various types of oscillatory behavior. The oscillabolastic model is applied to two sets of data. The first data set deals with the oscillabolastic modeling of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and the second one is the oscillabolastic modeling of the mean signal intensity of Hes1 gene expression in response to serum stimulation. A generalized oscillabolastic model is also suggested to accommodate cases in which predictor variables other than time are also involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Tabatabai
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Cameron University, 2800 W Gore Blvd., Lawton, OK 73505, USA
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Eigenbrodt ML, Bursac Z, Evans GW, Couper DJ, Tracy RE, Mehta JL. Prediction of Incident Plaques/Shadowing Using B-Mode Ultrasound: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Limited Access Data (ARICLAD). Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Eigenbrodt ML, Bursac Z, Eigenbrodt EP, Couper DJ, Tracy RE, Mehta JL. Mathematical estimation of the potential effect of vascular remodelling/dilatation on B-mode ultrasound intima-medial thickness. QJM 2004; 97:729-37. [PMID: 15496529 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hch120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial diameter changes are known to impact wall thickness, but the clinical relevance of the changes is unclear. AIM To use known mathematical relationships to estimate anticipated changes in arterial wall thicknesses occurring with enlargement of atherosclerotic regions. DESIGN Mathematical relationships between a cylinder's diameter and its wall thickness were used to calculate the theoretical effect of diameter enlargement on the thickness of an atherosclerotic wall. METHODS Equating the wall areas of two cylinders, one of smaller diameter than the other, allowed estimation of the degree of thickening that would be needed to maintain intima-medial thickness (IMT) after arterial remodelling. The difference in cylinder diameters was based on arterial diameter enlargement reported with atherosclerosis progression. Thus, the calculated wall changes estimate arterial changes which could go undetected if only IMT is measured by ultrasound. RESULTS The expected IMT change for diameter enlargement is not a linear function of the diameter change, but varies depending upon initial size (diameter and IMT). Thus a 0.6 mm arterial diameter enlargement would be expected to cause a 0.039-0.235 mm change in IMT, depending on artery size. The estimated IMT change is similar to that associated with major atherosclerotic risk factors. DISCUSSION The level of vascular remodelling reported with atherosclerosis could have a measurable impact on IMT, suggesting that indicators incorporating both diameter and IMT may be better disease indicators than IMT alone. Arterial diameters, as well as IMT, should be obtained in ultrasound studies of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Eigenbrodt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Public Health, 4301 W. Markham, Slot 820, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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