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Parvaresh Rizi E, Loh TP, Baig S, Chhay V, Huang S, Caleb Quek J, Tai ES, Toh SA, Khoo CM. A high carbohydrate, but not fat or protein meal attenuates postprandial ghrelin, PYY and GLP-1 responses in Chinese men. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191609. [PMID: 29385178 PMCID: PMC5792004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that the macronutrient content of a meal has different impacts on the postprandial satiety and appetite hormonal responses. Whether obesity interacts with such nutrient-dependent responses is not well characterized. We examined the postprandial appetite and satiety hormonal responses after a high-protein (HP), high-carbohydrate (HC), or high-fat (HF) mixed meal. This was a randomized cross-over study of 9 lean insulin-sensitive (mean±SEM HOMA-IR 0.83±0.10) and 9 obese insulin-resistant (HOMA-IR 4.34±0.41) young (age 21–40 years), normoglycaemic Chinese men. We measured fasting and postprandial plasma concentration of glucose, insulin, active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), total peptide-YY (PYY), and acyl-ghrelin in response to HP, HF, or HC meals. Overall postprandial plasma insulin response was more robust in the lean compared to obese subjects. The postprandial GLP-1 response after HF or HP meal was higher than HC meal in both lean and obese subjects. In obese subjects, HF meal induced higher response in postprandial PYY compared to HC meal. HP and HF meals also suppressed ghrelin greater compared to HC meal in the obese than lean subjects. In conclusion, a high-protein or high-fat meal induces a more favorable postprandial satiety and appetite hormonal response than a high-carbohydrate meal in obese insulin-resistant subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Parvaresh Rizi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Sonia Baig
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanna Chhay
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiqi Huang
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Caleb Quek
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - E. Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Sue-Anne Toh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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