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Melcher EM, Vilen L, Pfaff A, Lim S, DeWitt A, Powell WR, Bendlin BB, Kind AJH. Deriving life-course residential histories in brain bank cohorts: A feasibility study. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3219-3227. [PMID: 38497250 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The exposome is theorized to interact with biological mechanisms to influence risk for Alzheimer's disease but is not well-integrated into existing Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) brain bank data collection. METHODS We apply public data tracing, an iterative, dual abstraction and validation process rooted in rigorous historic archival methods, to develop life-course residential histories for 1254 ADRC decedents. RESULTS The median percentage of the life course with an address is 78.1% (IQR 24.9); 56.5% of the sample has an address for at least 75% of their life course. Archivists had 89.7% agreement at the address level. This method matched current residential survey methodology 97.4% on average. DISCUSSION This novel method demonstrates feasibility, reproducibility, and rigor for historic data collection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that public data tracing methods for brain bank decedent residential history development can be used to better integrate the social exposome with biobank specimens. HIGHLIGHTS Public data tracing compares favorably to survey-based residential history. Public data tracing is feasible and reproducible between archivists. Archivists achieved 89.7% agreement at the address level. This method identifies residences for nearly 80% of life-years, on average. This novel method enables brain banks to add social characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanna M Melcher
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Warf Office Bldg, Madison, USA
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Leigha Vilen
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Aly Pfaff
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Sarah Lim
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Amanda DeWitt
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - W Ryan Powell
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
| | - Barbara B Bendlin
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, USA
| | - Amy J H Kind
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, USA
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Jacques LH, Cowley ES, Hebgen SM, Spencer RJ, Hale CM. Obstetrics and gynecology applicant perceptions of residency program culture with virtual interviews: a qualitative analysis of social media posts. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:252. [PMID: 38459487 PMCID: PMC10921724 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, Obstetrics and Gynecology residency interviews are instrumental in assessing the compatibility between medical student applicants and residency programs during the match process. Applicant perceptions of Obstetrics and Gynecology residency culture are a key component in determining how they rank residency programs. In 2020, residency interviews transitioned to a virtual format, and little is known about how applicants evaluated program culture during this first round of universal virtual interviews. Medical students in the United States commonly use Reddit, a popular social media platform, to discuss residency programs and share interview experiences. We explored Obstetrics and Gynecology applicants' considerations regarding residency program culture during the first universal virtual interview season in 2020-2021 by analyzing posts on a Google spreadsheet accessed through Reddit. METHODS In 2022, we imported 731 posts from the "2020-21 OB GYN Residency Applicant Spreadsheet" Google spreadsheet posted to the 2020-2021 Residency Interview Spreadsheet megathread on the r/medicalschool subreddit to NVivo 12(QSR International, Burlington, MA), a qualitative analysis software program. Three investigators used qualitative inductive techniques to code and identify themes. RESULTS Applicants used visual, verbal and behavioral cues during virtual Obstetrics and Gynecology residency interviews to understand three components of the workplace culture: prioritization of diversity, equity and inclusion, social environment, and resident workload. CONCLUSIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology residency programs convey information about their culture during virtual interviews through the behavior, appearances and responses of residents and interviewers to applicant questions. To ensure they accurately represent their culture to applicants, programs should consider educating residents and faculty around the implications of interview-day conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H Jacques
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, McConnell Hall, 4th Floor, 1010 Mound St, 53715, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Elise S Cowley
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Dr, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Dr, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shanaya M Hebgen
- Doctor of Medicine program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 750 Highland Ave, 53726, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan J Spencer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, McConnell Hall, 4th Floor, 1010 Mound St, 53715, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Corinne M Hale
- Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1180 Observatory Dr, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
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Schmit MM, Baxley RM, Wang L, Hinderlie P, Kaufman M, Simon E, Raju A, Miller JS, Bielinsky AK. A critical threshold of MCM10 is required to maintain genome stability during differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into natural killer cells. Open Biol 2024; 14:230407. [PMID: 38262603 PMCID: PMC10805602 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell deficiency (NKD) is a rare disease in which NK cell function is reduced, leaving affected individuals susceptible to repeated viral infections and cancer. Recently, a patient with NKD was identified carrying compound heterozygous variants of MCM10 (minichromosome maintenance protein 10), an essential gene required for DNA replication, that caused a significant decrease in the amount of functional MCM10. NKD in this patient presented as loss of functionally mature late-stage NK cells. To understand how MCM10 deficiency affects NK cell development, we generated MCM10 heterozygous (MCM10+/-) induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. Analyses of these cell lines demonstrated that MCM10 was haploinsufficient, similar to results in other human cell lines. Reduced levels of MCM10 in mutant iPSCs was associated with impaired clonogenic survival and increased genomic instability, including micronuclei formation and telomere erosion. The severity of these phenotypes correlated with the extent of MCM10 depletion. Significantly, MCM10+/- iPSCs displayed defects in NK cell differentiation, exhibiting reduced yields of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although MCM10+/- HSCs were able to give rise to lymphoid progenitors, these did not generate mature NK cells. The lack of mature NK cells coincided with telomere erosion, suggesting that NKD caused by these MCM10 variants arose from the accumulation of genomic instability including degradation of chromosome ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Schmit
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ryan M. Baxley
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Liangjun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peter Hinderlie
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marissa Kaufman
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emily Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anjali Raju
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Miller
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anja-Katrin Bielinsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Lin B, Ziebro J, Smithberger E, Skinner KR, Zhao E, Cloughesy TF, Binder ZA, O’Rourke DM, Nathanson DA, Furnari FB, Miller CR. EGFR, the Lazarus target for precision oncology in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:2035-2062. [PMID: 36125064 PMCID: PMC9713527 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Lazarus effect is a rare condition that happens when someone seemingly dead shows signs of life. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents a target in the fatal neoplasm glioblastoma (GBM) that through a series of negative clinical trials has prompted a vocal subset of the neuro-oncology community to declare this target dead. However, an argument can be made that the core tenets of precision oncology were overlooked in the initial clinical enthusiasm over EGFR as a therapeutic target in GBM. Namely, the wrong drugs were tested on the wrong patients at the wrong time. Furthermore, new insights into the biology of EGFR in GBM vis-à-vis other EGFR-driven neoplasms, such as non-small cell lung cancer, and development of novel GBM-specific EGFR therapeutics resurrects this target for future studies. Here, we will examine the distinct EGFR biology in GBM, how it exacerbates the challenge of treating a CNS neoplasm, how these unique challenges have influenced past and present EGFR-targeted therapeutic design and clinical trials, and what adjustments are needed to therapeutically exploit EGFR in this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Julia Ziebro
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Erin Smithberger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Pathobiology and Translational Sciences Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kasey R Skinner
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Neurosciences Curriculum, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eva Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zev A Binder
- Department of Neurosurgery and Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Donald M O’Rourke
- Department of Neurosurgery and Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Nathanson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Frank B Furnari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Research, San Diego, California, USA
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Brown JW, Das KK, Kalas V, Das KM, Mills JC. mAb Das-1 recognizes 3'-Sulfated Lewis A/C, which is aberrantly expressed during metaplastic and oncogenic transformation of several gastrointestinal Epithelia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261082. [PMID: 34910746 PMCID: PMC8673611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple previous studies have shown the monoclonal antibody Das-1 (formerly called 7E12H12) is specifically reactive towards metaplastic and carcinomatous lesions in multiple organs of the gastrointestinal system (e.g. Barrett's esophagus, intestinal-type metaplasia of the stomach, gastric adenocarcinoma, high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) as well as in other organs (bladder and lung carcinomas). Beyond being a useful biomarker in tissue, mAb Das-1 has recently proven to be more accurate than current paradigms for identifying cysts harboring advanced neoplasia. Though this antibody has been used extensively for clinical, basic science, and translational applications for decades, its epitope has remained elusive. METHODS In this study, we chemically deglycosylated a standard source of antigen, which resulted in near complete loss of the signal as measured by western blot analysis. The epitope recognized by mAb Das-1 was determined by affinity to a comprehensive glycan array and validated by inhibition of a direct ELISA. RESULTS The epitope recognized by mAb Das-1 is 3'-Sulfo-Lewis A/C (3'-Sulfo-LeA/C). 3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation. DISCUSSION 3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is a clinically important antigen that can be detected both intracellularly in tissue using immunohistochemistry and extracellularly in cyst fluid and serum by ELISA. The results open new avenues for tumorigenic risk stratification of various gastrointestinal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Brown
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Koushik K. Das
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Vasilios Kalas
- Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Physician Scientist Training Program, Department of Medicine, McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kiron M. Das
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jason C. Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Duarte RRR, Copertino DC, Iñiguez LP, Marston JL, Bram Y, Han Y, Schwartz RE, Chen S, Nixon DF, Powell TR. Identifying FDA-approved drugs with multimodal properties against COVID-19 using a data-driven approach and a lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 entry. Mol Med 2021; 27:105. [PMID: 34503440 PMCID: PMC8426591 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination programs have been launched worldwide to halt the spread of COVID-19. However, the identification of existing, safe compounds with combined treatment and prophylactic properties would be beneficial to individuals who are waiting to be vaccinated, particularly in less economically developed countries, where vaccine availability may be initially limited. METHODS We used a data-driven approach, combining results from the screening of a large transcriptomic database (L1000) and molecular docking analyses, with in vitro tests using a lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 entry, to identify drugs with putative multimodal properties against COVID-19. RESULTS Out of thousands of FDA-approved drugs considered, we observed that atorvastatin was the most promising candidate, as its effects negatively correlated with the transcriptional changes associated with infection. Atorvastatin was further predicted to bind to SARS-CoV-2's main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and was shown to inhibit viral entry in our lung organoid model. CONCLUSIONS Small clinical studies reported that general statin use, and specifically, atorvastatin use, are associated with protective effects against COVID-19. Our study corroborrates these findings and supports the investigation of atorvastatin in larger clinical studies. Ultimately, our framework demonstrates one promising way to fast-track the identification of compounds for COVID-19, which could similarly be applied when tackling future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo R R Duarte
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Dennis C Copertino
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Luis P Iñiguez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jez L Marston
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Yaron Bram
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuling Han
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas F Nixon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Timothy R Powell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Belfer Research Building, 5th floor, 413 E. 69th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Hale AT, Akinnusotu O, He J, Wang J, Hibshman N, Shannon CN, Naftel RP. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Genetic Risk Factors for Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Neurosurgery 2021; 89:435-442. [PMID: 34098570 PMCID: PMC8364821 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many clinical risk factors of spastic cerebral palsy (CP) have been identified, the genetic basis of spastic CP is largely unknown. Here, using whole-genome genetic information linked to a deidentified electronic health record (BioVU) with replication in the UK Biobank and FinnGen, we perform the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for spastic CP. OBJECTIVE To define the genetic basis of spastic CP. METHODS Whole-genome data were obtained using the multi-ethnic genotyping array (MEGA) genotyping array capturing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.01, and imputation quality score (r2) > 0.3, imputed based on the 1000 genomes phase 3 reference panel. Threshold for genome-wide significance was defined after Bonferroni correction for the total number of SNPs tested (P < 5.0 × 10-8). Replication analysis (defined as P < .05) was performed in the UK Biobank and FinnGen. RESULTS We identify 1 SNP (rs78686911) reaching genome-wide significance with spastic CP. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis suggests that rs78686911 decreases expression of GRIK4, a gene that encodes a high-affinity kainate glutamatergic receptor of largely unknown function. Replication analysis in the UK Biobank and FinnGen reveals additional SNPs in the GRIK4 loci associated with CP. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, we perform the first GWAS of spastic CP. Our study indicates that genetic variation contributes to CP risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Hale
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Oluwatoyin Akinnusotu
- Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jing He
- Department of Bioinformatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Janey Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Natalie Hibshman
- Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chevis N Shannon
- Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert P Naftel
- Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Gordon AC, White SB, Yang Y, Gates VL, Procissi D, Harris KR, Zhang Z, Lyu T, Huang X, Dreher MR, Omary RA, Salem R, Lewandowski RJ, Larson AC. Feasibility of Combination Intra-arterial Yttrium-90 and Irinotecan Microspheres in the VX2 Rabbit Model. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020; 43:1528-1537. [PMID: 32533312 PMCID: PMC7529870 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-020-02538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the combination of 90Y radioembolization (Y90) and drug-eluting bead irinotecan (DEBIRI) microspheres in the VX2 rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS An initial dose finding study was performed in 6 White New Zealand rabbits to identify a therapeutic but subcurative dose of Y90. In total, 29 rabbits were used in four groups: Y90 treatment (n = 8), DEBIRI treatment (n = 6), Y90 + DEBIRI treatment (n = 7), and an untreated control group (n = 8). Hepatic toxicity was evaluated at baseline, 24 h, 72 h, 1 week, and 2 weeks. MRI tumor volume (TV) and enhancing tumor volume were assessed baseline and 2 weeks. Tumor area and necrosis were evaluated on H&E for pathology. RESULTS Infused activities of 84.0-94.4 MBq (corresponding to 55.1-72.7 Gy) were selected based on the initial dose finding study. Infusion of DEBIRI after Y90 was technically feasible in all cases (7/7). Overall, 21/29 animals survived to 2 weeks, and the remaining animals had extrahepatic disease on necropsy. Liver transaminases were elevated with Y90, DEBIRI, and Y90 + DEBIRI compared to control at 24 h, 72 h, and 1 week post-treatment and returned to baseline by 2 weeks. By TV, Y90 + DEBIRI was the only treatment to show statistically significant reduction at 2 weeks compared to the control group (p = 0.012). The change in tumor volume (week 2-baseline) for both Y90 + DEBIRI versus control (p = 0.002) and Y90 versus control (p = 0.014) was significantly decreased. There were no statistically significant differences among groups on pathology. CONCLUSION Intra-arterial Y90 + DEBIRI was safe and demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity in rabbit VX2 tumors. This combined approach warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Sarah B White
- Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yihe Yang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Vanessa L Gates
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Daniel Procissi
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kathleen R Harris
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Tianchu Lyu
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Xiaoke Huang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | - Reed A Omary
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Riad Salem
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery-Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert J Lewandowski
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery-Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew C Larson
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 737 N. Michigan Ave, 16th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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