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Sha H, Song Y, Chen Y, Liu J, Shi M, Wu Z, Zhang H, Qin L, Liang L, Jia P, Qiu C, Lei Y, Wang Y, Ning Y, Miao G, Zhang J, Wang L. Advances in Semiconductor Lasers Based on Parity-Time Symmetry. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:571. [PMID: 38607106 PMCID: PMC11013715 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Semiconductor lasers, characterized by their high efficiency, small size, low weight, rich wavelength options, and direct electrical drive, have found widespread application in many fields, including military defense, medical aesthetics, industrial processing, and aerospace. The mode characteristics of lasers directly affect their output performance, including output power, beam quality, and spectral linewidth. Therefore, semiconductor lasers with high output power and beam quality are at the forefront of international research in semiconductor laser science. The novel parity-time (PT) symmetry mode-control method provides the ability to selectively modulate longitudinal modes to improve the spectral characteristics of lasers. Recently, it has gathered much attention for transverse modulation, enabling the output of fundamental transverse modes and improving the beam quality of lasers. This study begins with the basic principles of PT symmetry and provides a detailed introduction to the technical solutions and recent developments in single-mode semiconductor lasers based on PT symmetry. We categorize the different modulation methods, analyze their structures, and highlight their performance characteristics. Finally, this paper summarizes the research progress in PT-symmetric lasers and provides prospects for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jlight Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jishun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengjie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zibo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongqiang Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Liu J, Song Y, Chen Y, Qin L, Liang L, Niu S, Wang Y, Jia P, Qiu C, Lei Y, Wang Y, Ning Y, Wang L. Research Progress of Horizontal Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115021. [PMID: 37299747 DOI: 10.3390/s23115021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The horizontal cavity surface emitting laser (HCSEL) boasts excellent properties, including high power, high beam quality, and ease of packaging and integration. It fundamentally resolves the problem of the large divergence angle in traditional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers, making it a feasible scheme for realizing high-power, small-divergence-angle, and high-beam-quality semiconductor lasers. Here, we introduce the technical scheme and review the development status of HCSELs. Firstly, we thoroughly analyze the structure, working principles, and performance characteristics of HCSELs according to different structures, such as the structural characteristics and key technologies. Additionally, we describe their optical properties. Finally, we analyze and discuss potential development prospects and challenges for HCSELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jlight Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130033, China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Peng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yubing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongqiang Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Daheng College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, No. 2 Xingke 1st Street, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Academician Team Innovation Center of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 570206, China
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