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Borrelli M, An Y, Querebillo CJ, Morag A, Neumann C, Turchanin A, Sun H, Kuc A, Weidinger IM, Feng X. Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Acetylenic Polymers for High-Performance Bifunctional Photoelectrodes. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301170. [PMID: 38062976 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to the drastic required thermodynamical requirements, a photoelectrode material that can function as both a photocathode and a photoanode remains elusive. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that, under simulated solar light and without co-catalysts, donor-acceptor conjugated acetylenic polymers (CAPs) exhibit both impressive oxygen evolution (OER) and hydrogen evolution (HER) photocurrents in alkaline and neutral medium, respectively. In particular, poly(2,4,6-tris(4-ethynylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine) (pTET) provides a benchmark OER photocurrent density of ~200 μA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) at pH 13 and a remarkable HER photocurrent density of ~190 μA cm-2 at 0.3 V vs. RHE at pH 6.8. By combining theoretical investigations and electrochemical-operando Resonance Raman spectroscopy, we show that the OER proceeds with two different mechanisms, with the electron-depleted triple bonds acting as single-site OER in combination with the C4-C5 atoms of the phenyl rings as dual sites. The HER, instead, occurs via an electron transfer from the tri-acetylenic linkages to the triazine rings, which act as the HER active sites. This work represents a novel application of organic-based materials and contributes to the development of high-performance photoelectrochemical catalysts for the solar fuels' generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mino Borrelli
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center of Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yun An
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Christine Joy Querebillo
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center of Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ahiud Morag
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center of Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices, Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Christof Neumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hanjun Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Agnieszka Kuc
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Centrum for Advanced Systems Understanding, CASUS, Untermarkt 20, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Inez M Weidinger
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center of Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center of Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices, Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
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Németh B, Senger M, Redman HJ, Ceccaldi P, Broderick J, Magnuson A, Stripp ST, Haumann M, Berggren G. [FeFe]-hydrogenase maturation: H-cluster assembly intermediates tracked by electron paramagnetic resonance, infrared, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:777-788. [PMID: 32661785 PMCID: PMC7399679 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
[FeFe]-hydrogenase enzymes employ a unique organometallic cofactor for efficient and reversible hydrogen conversion. This so-called H-cluster consists of a [4Fe-4S] cubane cysteine linked to a diiron complex coordinated by carbon monoxide and cyanide ligands and an azadithiolate ligand (adt = NH(CH2S)2)·[FeFe]-hydrogenase apo-protein binding only the [4Fe-4S] sub-complex can be fully activated in vitro by the addition of a synthetic diiron site precursor complex ([2Fe]adt). Elucidation of the mechanism of cofactor assembly will aid in the design of improved hydrogen processing synthetic catalysts. We combined electron paramagnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy to characterize intermediates of H-cluster assembly as initiated by mixing of the apo-protein (HydA1) from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with [2Fe]adt. The three methods consistently show rapid formation of a complete H-cluster in the oxidized, CO-inhibited state (Hox-CO) already within seconds after the mixing. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy support a model in which Hox-CO formation is preceded by a short-lived Hred'-CO-like intermediate. Accumulation of Hox-CO was followed by CO release resulting in the slower conversion to the catalytically active state (Hox) as well as formation of reduced states of the H-cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Németh
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Moritz Senger
- Physics Department, Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holly J Redman
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pierre Ceccaldi
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joan Broderick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Ann Magnuson
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sven T Stripp
- Physics Department, Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Physics Department, Biophysics of Metalloenzymes, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gustav Berggren
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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