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Wang Y, Yang L, Tang K, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Jin B, Zhang Y, Zhuang R, Ma Y. Ad5-nCoV Vaccination Could Induce HLA-E Restricted CD8 + T Cell Responses Specific for Epitopes on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein. Viruses 2023; 16:52. [PMID: 38257752 PMCID: PMC10820189 DOI: 10.3390/v16010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We evaluated cellular immune responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in an immunized population based on HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell epitope identification. HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ T cell nonamer peptides were predicted with software. An HLA-E-transfected K562 cell binding assay was used to screen for high-affinity peptides. IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays were used to identify HLA-E-restricted epitopes. An HLA-E/epitope tetramer was employed to detect the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells. Four CD8+ T cell epitopes on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 restricted by both HLA-E*0101 and E*0103 were identified. HLA-E-restricted epitope-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cell responses could be detected in individuals vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Importantly, the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells in Ad5-nCoV vaccinated individuals were higher than in individuals vaccinated with recombinant protein or inactivated vaccines. Moreover, the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells could be maintained for at least 120 days after only one dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine, while the frequencies of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells decreased in individuals after two doses of Ad5-nCoV vaccine. These findings may contribute to a more comprehensive evaluation of the protective effects of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2; meanwhile, they may provide information to characterize HLA-E-restricted CD8+ T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.W.); (L.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.J.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.W.); (L.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.J.); (Y.Z.)
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Xu N, Xu Y, Dai R, Zheng L, Qin P, Wan P, Yang Y, Jiang J, Zhang H, Hu X, Lv H. Study of efficacy and antibody duration to fourth-dose booster of Ad5-nCoV or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244373. [PMID: 37736100 PMCID: PMC10510200 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction China experienced a record surge of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in December 2022, during the pandemic. Methods We conducted a randomized, parallel-controlled prospective cohort study to evaluate efficacy and antibody duration after a fourth-dose booster with Ad5-nCoV or inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. Results A total of 191 participants aged ≥18 years who had completed a three-dose regimen of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 6 months earlier were recruited to receive the intramuscular Ad5-nCoV booster or the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The Ad5-nCoV group had significantly higher antibody levels compared with the inactivated vaccine group at 6 months after the fourth vaccination dose. After the pandemic, the breakthrough infection rate for the Ad5-nCoV and the inactivated vaccine groups was 77.89% and 78.13%, respectively. Survival curve analysis (p = 0.872) and multivariable logistic regression analysis (p = 0.956) showed no statistically significant differences in breakthrough infection between the two groups. Discussion Compared with a homologous fourth dose, a heterologous fourth dose of Ad5-nCoV elicited a higher immunogenic response in healthy adults who had been immunized with three doses of inactivated vaccine. Nevertheless, the efficacy of the two vaccine types was equivalent after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nani Xu
- Department of Immunization Program, Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Vaccine, Clinical Trials, CanSino Biologics, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongrong Dai
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Immunization Program, Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Qin
- Department of Immunization Program, Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Department of Vaccine, Clinical Trials, CanSino Biologics, Tianjin, China
| | - Yejing Yang
- Department of Immunization Program, Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Jiang
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangjie Zhang
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Department of Immunization Program, Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huakun Lv
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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Feng JL, Wang WJ, Jin PF, Zheng H, Jin LR, Xia X, Zhang XY, Li ZP, Li JX, Zhu FC. Comparison of antibody persistency through one year between one-dose and two-dose regimens of Ad5-nCoV vaccine for COVID-19. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2230760. [PMID: 37428653 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2230760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This post-hoc analysis compared the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific and pseudovirus neutralizing antibodies against the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain elicited by one or two doses (56-d interval) of Ad5-nCoV vaccine regimen (NCT04341389 and NCT04566770). Both trials had low-dose and high-dose groups. Propensity score matching was used to adjust the baseline between one- and two-dose regimens. To predict the decrease in antibody titers 1 y after vaccination, half-lives of RBD-binding antibodies and pseudovirus neutralizing antibodies were computed. We obtained 34 and 29 pairs of participants in the low- and high-dose groups based on the propensity score matching. The two-dose regimen of Ad5-nCoV increased the peaking level of neutralizing antibodies compared to the one-dose regimen at day 28, but the responses of the neutralizing antibodies were not consistent with those of the RBD antibodies. Half-lives of the RBD-binding antibodies in the two-dose Ad5-nCoV regimen (202-209 days) were longer than those in the one-dose regimen (136-137 d); half-lives of the pseudovirus neutralizing antibody in the one-dose Ad5-nCoV regimen (177 d) were longer than those in the two-dose regimen (116-131 d). The predicted positive rates of RBD-binding antibodies in the one-dose regimen (34.1%-38.3%) would be lower than those in the two-dose Ad5-nCoV regimen (67.0%-84.0%), while the positive rates of pseudovirus neutralizing antibodies in the one-dose regimen (65.4%-66.7%) would be higher than those in the two-dose regimen (48.3%-58.0%). The two-dose Ad5-nCoV regimen with a 56-d interval had no effect on the persistence of neutralizing antibodies but slowed decay trend of RBD-binding antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lu Feng
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Peng-Fei Jin
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Hui Zheng
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R China
| | - Lai-Run Jin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R China
| | - Xin Xia
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Xiao-Yin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R China
| | - Zhuo-Pei Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R China
- Institute of Global Public Health and Emergency Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
| | - Feng-Cai Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R China
- Institute of Global Public Health and Emergency Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R China
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Li ZP, Shi YF, Hou LH, Jin PF, Ma SH, Pan HX, Zhang JL, Shan YM, Huang HT, Wu SP, Du P, Wang X, Wang LL, Wang RJ, Wang Y, Wang XW, Zhu FC, Li JX. Batch-to-batch consistency trial of an adenovirus type-5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine in adults aged 18 years and above. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1843-1849. [PMID: 36048417 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2119133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demonstration of batch-to-batch consistency is indispensable for quality control of vaccines. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial to evaluate the immunogenicity consistency of a single shot of Ad5-nCoV in healthy adults who had not previously received any COVID-19 vaccine. All eligible participants were randomly assigned equally to receive one of the three consecutive batches of Ad5-nCoV (5 × 1010 viral particles/vial, 0.5 mL). The primary endpoint was geometric mean titers (GMTs) of serum SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG on day 28 post-vaccination. RESULTS One thousand fifty participants were enrolled, with 350 (33%) participants per group. On day 28 post-vaccination, GMTs in three groups were 78.3 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (95% CI 70.3-87.3), 82.9 BAU/mL (73.9-92.9), and 78.8 BAU/mL (70.2-88.4), respectively. The two-sided 95% CIs for the GMT ratios between each pair of batches were all between 0.67 and 1.5. The highest incidence of solicited adverse reactions within 7 days post-vaccination was reported by batch 3 recipients (23.1% versus 15.1% in batch 1 recipients and 14.6% in bath 2 recipients; p = 0.0039). None of the serious adverse events were related to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Immunogenicity consistency between consecutive batches of Ad5-nCoV was well established in adults. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05313646).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Pei Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Feng Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Hou
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Hua Ma
- Guanyun County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guanyun, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xing Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Long Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Mei Shan
- Guanyun County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guanyun, P.R. China
| | | | - Shi-Po Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Pan Du
- Vazyme Biotech Co. Ltd, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Basic Medical Science School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- CanSino Biologics Inc, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Guanyun County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guanyun, P.R. China
| | | | - Ying Wang
- CanSino Biologics Inc, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Wen Wang
- Shanghai Canming Medical Technology Co Ltd, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Cai Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Nanjing, P.R. China.,Institute of Global Public Health and Emergency Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Nanjing, P.R. China.,Institute of Global Public Health and Emergency Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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5
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Morales-Núñez JJ, Muñoz-Valle JF, Machado-Sulbarán AC, Díaz-Pérez SA, Torres-Hernández PC, Panduro-Espinoza BV, Gallegos-Díaz de Leon JA, Munguía-Ramirez CD, Hernández-Bello J. Comparison of three different COVID-19 vaccine platforms (CoronaVac, BTN162b2, and Ad5-nCoV) in individuals with and without prior COVID-19: Reactogenicity and neutralizing antibodies. Immunol Lett 2022; 251-252:20-28. [PMID: 36279685 PMCID: PMC9585342 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can be indicators of collective immunity, vaccine efficacy, and the longevity of the humoral response. This study aimed to compare reactogenicity and NAbs generated by three different COVID-19 vaccine platforms in individuals with and without prior COVID-19. 336 individuals vaccinated (112 with CoronaVac [inactivated virus], 112 with BNT162b2 [messenger RNA], and 112 with Ad5-nCoV [non-replicating viral vector]) were included. NAbs were quantified with the cPass SARS-CoV-2 kit. Individuals immunized with the Ad5-nCoV showed higher reactogenicity than those immunized with the other vaccines (p < 0.001). The BTN162b2 vaccine-induced NAbs with higher inhibition capacity than the other platforms in the first dose. In individuals without prior COVID-19, the Ad5-nCoV vaccine generated lower NAbs against SARS-CoV-2 than those induced by two doses of the BTN162b2 (Ad5-nCoV 72.10 [55.6-93.4] vs. BTN162b2 98.41 [98.16-98.56], p < 0.0001). One individual did not generate NAbs (0.89%) after a complete immunization with CoronaVac; in BTN162b2, all generated these antibodies, and in the Ad5-nCoV group, four individuals (3.57%) did not generate NAbs. Comorbidities, gender, age, and reactogenicity did not significantly influence the generation of NAbs (p > 0.05); however, a history of COVID-19 before vaccination was associated with antibodies with greater neutralizing capacity after the first dose (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the mRNA vaccine (BTN162b2) had a remarkable better ability to produce NAbs and lower reactogenicity than the other platforms, whereas the Ad5-nCov vaccine induced the lowest NAbs response in individuals without a history of COVID-19; therefore, we suggest that a booster could benefit these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier Morales-Núñez
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbarán
- Institute for Research on Cancer in Childhood and Adolescence, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Saúl Alberto Díaz-Pérez
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Verónica Panduro-Espinoza
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca" y Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, CUCS, UdeG, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos David Munguía-Ramirez
- Institute for Research on Cancer in Childhood and Adolescence, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico,Corresponding author
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6
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Pascuale CA, Varese A, Ojeda DS, Pasinovich ME, Lopez L, Rossi AH, Rodriguez PE, Miglietta EA, Mazzitelli I, Di Diego Garcia F, Sanchez L, Rouco SO, Gonzalez Lopez Ledesma MM, Zurano JP, Mazzitelli B, Scruzzi G, Barbero P, Cardozo D, Gallego S, Borda M, Diaz M, Ridao F, Rosales AB, Bhon J, Talia JM, Diangelo ME, Lacaze MA, Aime B, Gutierrez SI, Ercole R, Toro R, Tau L, Delaplace L, Compagnucci MF, Sartori C, Desimone I, Echegoyen C, Velazquez P, Testa C, Hozbor D, Docena G, Laino CH, Kreplak N, Pifano M, Barbas G, Rearte A, Vizzotti C, Castelli JM, Geffner J, Gamarnik AV; Laboratorio SeVa Group., Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Córdoba Group., UNC-Fac. Cs. Médicas-InViV Group., Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de La Rioja Group., Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de San Luis Group., Universidad Nacional de La Plata Group., Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires Group. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous immunization against SARS CoV-2 using Sputnik V, ChAdOx1-S, BBIBP-CorV, Ad5-nCoV, and mRNA-1273. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100706. [PMID: 35926505 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterologous vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a rational strategy to rapidly increase vaccination coverage in many regions of the world. Although data regarding messenger RNA (mRNA) and ChAdOx1 vaccine combinations are available, there is limited information about the combination of these platforms with other vaccines widely used in developing countries, such as BBIBP-CorV and Sputnik V. Here, we assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of 15 vaccine combinations in 1,314 participants. We evaluate immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-spike response and virus neutralizing titers and observe that a number of heterologous vaccine combinations are equivalent or superior to homologous schemes. For all cohorts in this study, the highest antibody response is induced by mRNA-1273 as the second dose. No serious adverse events are detected in any of the schedules analyzed. Our observations provide rational support for the use of different vaccine combinations to achieve wide vaccine coverage in the shortest possible time. Heterologous vaccine combinations are equivalent or superior to homologous schemes No serious adverse events are detected in any of the heterologous schedules analyzed The highest antibody response is induced by mRNA-1273 as heterologous second dose Heterologous schemes improve antibody response in individuals primed with BBIBP-CorV
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Richardson VL, Franco MAC, Márquez AB, Valdez LM, Ceronio LEC, Cruz VC, Gharpure R, Lafond KE, Yau TS, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Ávila MH. Vaccine Effectiveness of CanSino (Adv5-nCoV) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Among Childcare Workers-Mexico, March-December 2021. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:S167-S173. [PMID: 35717650 PMCID: PMC9214173 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beginning in March 2021, Mexico vaccinated childcare workers with a single-dose CanSino Biologics (Adv5-nCoV) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Although CanSino is currently approved for use in 10 Latin American, Asian, and European countries, little information is available about its vaccine effectiveness (VE). METHODS We evaluated CanSino VE within a childcare worker cohort that included 1408 childcare facilities. Participants were followed during March-December 2021 and tested through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test if they developed any symptom compatible with COVID-19. Vaccination status was obtained through worker registries. VE was calculated as 100% × (1 - hazard ratio for SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated vs unvaccinated participants), using an Andersen-Gill model adjusted for age, sex, state, and local viral circulation. RESULTS The cohort included 43 925 persons who were mostly (96%) female with a median age of 32 years; 37 646 (86%) were vaccinated with CanSino. During March-December 2021, 2250 (5%) participants had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, of whom 25 were hospitalized and 6 died. Adjusted VE was 20% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10%-29%) against illness, 76% (95% CI, 42%-90%) against hospitalization, and 94% (95% CI, 66%-99%) against death. VE against illness declined from 48% (95% CI, 33%-61%) after 14-60 days following full vaccination to 20% (95% CI, 9%-31%) after 61-120 days. CONCLUSIONS CanSino vaccine was effective at preventing COVID-19 illness and highly effective at preventing hospitalization and death. It will be useful to further evaluate duration of protection and assess the value of booster doses to prevent COVID-19 and severe outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesta L Richardson
- Post-Acceptance Corresponding author: Vesta L. Richardson. Coordinación del Servicio de Guardería para el Desarrollo Integral Infantil. Paseo de la Reforma No. 476, Pórtico Planta Alta, Col. Juárez, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, C. P. 06600, CDMX.
| | | | - Aurora Bautista Márquez
- Dirección de Prestaciones Económicas y Sociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Libny Martínez Valdez
- Dirección de Prestaciones Económicas y Sociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Enrique Castro Ceronio
- Dirección de Prestaciones Económicas y Sociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vicente Cruz Cruz
- Dirección de Prestaciones Económicas y Sociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Radhika Gharpure
- Corresponding author: Radhika Gharpure, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta GA, 30329.
| | | | - Tat S Yau
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mauricio Hernández Ávila
- Dirección de Prestaciones Económicas y Sociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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8
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Guzmán-Martínez O, Guardado K, de Guevara EL, Navarro S, Hernández C, Zenteno-Cuevas R, Montero H. IgG Antibodies Generation and Side Effects Caused by Ad5-nCoV Vaccine (CanSino Biologics) and BNT162b2 Vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech) among Mexican Population. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:999. [PMID: 34579236 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9090999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly generated a pandemic. Vaccines are currently being rolled out to control the viral spread and prevent deaths. Emergency vaccines, using new platforms, have been approved. Their effectiveness, safety and immunogenicity in different populations are not fully known. This study aimed to discover the immunogenicity of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) BNT162b2 and adenovirus vector Ad5-nCoV vaccines through IgG antibody generation against subunit 1 of protein S (S1 IgG) and assess the side effects of the vaccines. A total of 115 vaccinated people were included, 61 of whom received the BNT162b2 vaccine, while 54 received Ad5-nCoV. Measurements of S1 IgG antibodies were carried out using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The BNT162b2 vaccine generated S1 IgG antibodies in 80.3% of the participants after the first dose. The number of seropositive participants increased to 98.36% with the administration of the second dose. The Ad5-nCoV vaccine generated S1 IgG antibodies in 88.89% of those vaccinated. Women generated more antibodies when administered either vaccine. There were no serious adverse effects from vaccination. In conclusion, not all participants had detectable S1 IgG antibodies. The Ad5-nCoV vaccine presented the most seronegative cases. The studied vaccines were shown to be safe.
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Bezbaruah R, Borah P, Kakoti BB, Al-Shar’I NA, Chandrasekaran B, Jaradat DMM, Al-Zeer MA, Abu-Romman S. Developmental Landscape of Potential Vaccine Candidates Based on Viral Vector for Prophylaxis of COVID-19. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:635337. [PMID: 33937326 PMCID: PMC8082173 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.635337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, arose at the end of 2019 as a zoonotic virus, which is the causative agent of the novel coronavirus outbreak COVID-19. Without any clear indications of abatement, the disease has become a major healthcare threat across the globe, owing to prolonged incubation period, high prevalence, and absence of existing drugs or vaccines. Development of COVID-19 vaccine is being considered as the most efficient strategy to curtail the ongoing pandemic. Following publication of genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2, globally extensive research and development work has been in progress to develop a vaccine against the disease. The use of genetic engineering, recombinant technologies, and other computational tools has led to the expansion of several promising vaccine candidates. The range of technology platforms being evaluated, including virus-like particles, peptides, nucleic acid (DNA and RNA), recombinant proteins, inactivated virus, live attenuated viruses, and viral vectors (replicating and non-replicating) approaches, are striking features of the vaccine development strategies. Viral vectors, the next-generation vaccine platforms, provide a convenient method for delivering vaccine antigens into the host cell to induce antigenic proteins which can be tailored to arouse an assortment of immune responses, as evident from the success of smallpox vaccine and Ervebo vaccine against Ebola virus. As per the World Health Organization, till January 22, 2021, 14 viral vector vaccine candidates are under clinical development including 10 nonreplicating and four replicating types. Moreover, another 39 candidates based on viral vector platform are under preclinical evaluation. This review will outline the current developmental landscape and discuss issues that remain critical to the success or failure of viral vector vaccine candidates against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashri Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Pobitra Borah
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | - Bibhuti Bhushan Kakoti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Nizar A. Al-Shar’I
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Da’san M. M. Jaradat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Munir A. Al-Zeer
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saeid Abu-Romman
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
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