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Garg J, Verma P, Singh M, Das A, Pathak A, Agarwal J. Hepatitis C virus core antigen: A diagnostic and treatment monitoring marker of hepatitis C virus in Indian population. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-024-01549-7. [PMID: 38619807 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-024-01549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis and treatment monitoring of hepatitis C is quite challenging. The screening test, i.e. antibody assay, is unable to detect acute cases, while the gold standard hepatitis C virus (HCV) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) assay is not feasible in resource-limited countries such as India due to high cost and infrastructure requirement. European Association for the Study of the Liver and World Health Organization have approved a new marker, i.e. HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) assay, as an alternative to molecular assay. In this study, we have evaluated HCVcAg assay for diagnosis and treatment monitoring follow-up in Indian population infected with hepatitis C. METHODS Blood specimen of 90 clinically suspected cases of acute hepatitis C were tested simultaneously for anti-HCV antibody assay via ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoassay), HCVcAg assay by chemiluminescence immune assay (CLIA) and HCV RTPCR VL (viral load) assay. Thirty-four HCV RTPCR positive patients were further enrolled in treatment monitoring group whose blood samples were tested at the beginning of treatment, two weeks, four weeks and 12 weeks via HCV core Ag assay and HCV RTPCR Viral Load assay. RESULTS Considering HCV RTPCR as gold standard, diagnostic performance of HCV core Ag assay and anti-HCV antibody assay was evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity of HCV core Ag assay were higher than that of anti-HCV Antibody assay, i.e. 88.3% and 100% vs. 23.3% and 83.3%, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy of HCV core Ag assay was 92.20%. Among treatment follow-up group, HCV core Ag levels correlated well with HCV viral load levels, at the beginning of treatment (baseline) till 12 weeks showing highly significant Spearman rank correlation coefficient of > 0.9 with HCV viral load levels. CONCLUSIONS HCV core Ag assay is a cost-effective, practically feasible substitute of HCV RTPCR viral load assay for diagnosis as well as long duration treatment monitoring of hepatitis C infection in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Garg
- Department of Microbiology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India.
| | - Prashant Verma
- Department of Gastromedicine, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India
| | - Mridu Singh
- Department of Medicine, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India
| | - Anupam Das
- Department of Microbiology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India
| | - Anurag Pathak
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India
| | - Jyotsna Agarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 010, India
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Kuku KO, Oyetoro R, Hashemian M, Livinski AA, Shearer JJ, Joo J, Psaty BM, Levy D, Ganz P, Roger VL. Proteomics for heart failure risk stratification: a systematic review. BMC Med 2024; 22:34. [PMID: 38273315 PMCID: PMC10809595 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome with persistently high mortality. High-throughput proteomic technologies offer new opportunities to improve HF risk stratification, but their contribution remains to be clearly defined. We aimed to systematically review prognostic studies using high-throughput proteomics to identify protein signatures associated with HF mortality. METHODS We searched four databases and two clinical trial registries for articles published from 2012 to 2023. HF proteomics studies measuring high numbers of proteins using aptamer or antibody-based affinity platforms on human plasma or serum with outcomes of all-cause or cardiovascular death were included. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A third reviewer resolved conflicts. We assessed the risk of bias using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Exposure tool. RESULTS Out of 5131 unique articles identified, nine articles were included in the review. The nine studies were observational; three used the aptamer platform, and six used the antibody platform. We found considerable heterogeneity across studies in measurement panels, HF definitions, ejection fraction categorization, follow-up duration, and outcome definitions, and a lack of risk estimates for most protein associations. Hence, we proceeded with a systematic review rather than a meta-analysis. In two comparable aptamer studies in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, 21 proteins were identified in common for the association with all-cause death. Among these, one protein, WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 was also reported in an antibody study on HFrEF and for the association with CV death. We proposed standardized reporting criteria to facilitate the interpretation of future studies. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review of nine studies evaluating the association of proteomics with mortality in HF, we identified a limited number of proteins common across several studies. Heterogeneity across studies compromised drawing broad inferences, underscoring the importance of standardized approaches to reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode O Kuku
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Oyetoro
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alicia A Livinski
- Office of Research Services, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health Library, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph J Shearer
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jungnam Joo
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genomics, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter Ganz
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Véronique L Roger
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Situ J, Hon-Yin Lo K, Cai JP, Li Z, Wu S, Hon-Kiu Shun E, Foo-Siong Chew N, Yiu-Hung Tsoi J, Sze-Man Chan G, Hei-Man Chan W, Chik-Yan Yip C, Sze KH, Chi-Chung Cheng V, Yuen KY, Sridhar S. An immunoassay system to investigate epidemiology of Rocahepevirus ratti (rat hepatitis E virus) infection in humans. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100793. [PMID: 37575885 PMCID: PMC10415708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Rat hepatitis E virus (Rocahepevirus ratti; HEV-C1) is an emerging cause of hepatitis E that is divergent from conventional human-infecting HEV variants (Paslahepevirus balayani; HEV-A). Validated serological assays for HEV-C1 are lacking. We aimed to develop a parallel enzymatic immunoassay (EIA) system that identifies individuals with HEV-C1 exposure. We also aimed to conduct the first HEV-C1 seroprevalence study in humans using this validated EIA system. Methods Expressed HEV-A (HEV-A4 p239) and HEV-C1 (HEV-C1 p241) peptides were characterised. Blood samples were simultaneously tested in HEV-A4 p239 and HEV-C1 p241 IgG EIAs. An optical density (OD) cut-off-based interpretation algorithm for identifying samples seropositive for HEV-A or HEV-C1 was validated using RT-PCR-positive infection sera. This algorithm was used to measure HEV-C1 seroprevalence in 599 solid organ transplant recipients and 599 age-matched immunocompetent individuals. Results Both peptides formed virus-like particles. When run in HEV-A4 p239 and HEV-C1 p241 EIAs, HEV-A and HEV-C1 RT-PCR-positive samples formed distinct clusters with minimal overlap in a two-dimensional plot of optical density values. The final EIA interpretation algorithm showed high agreement with RT-PCR results (Cohen's κ = 0.959) and was able to differentiate HEV-A and HEV-C1 infection sera with an accuracy of 94.2% (95% CI: 85.8-98.4%). HEV-C1 IgG seroprevalence was 7/599 (1.2%) among solid organ transplant recipients and 4/599 (0.7%) among immunocompetent individuals. Five of 11 (45.5%) of these patients had history of transient hepatitis of unknown cause. Conclusions HEV-C1 exposure was identified in 11/1198 (0.92%) individuals in Hong Kong indicating endemic exposure. This is the first estimate of HEV-C1 seroprevalence in humans. The parallel IgG EIA algorithm is a valuable tool for investigating epidemiology and risk factors for HEV-C1 infection. Impact and Implications Rat hepatitis E virus has recently been discovered to infect humans, but antibody tests for this infection are lacking, making it difficult to gauge how common this infection is. We developed an antibody test algorithm that can identify individuals with past rat hepatitis E virus exposure. We used this algorithm to estimate rat hepatitis E exposure rates in humans in Hong Kong and found that approximately 1% of all tested people had been exposed to this virus previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Situ
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Hon-Yin Lo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Estie Hon-Kiu Shun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nicholas Foo-Siong Chew
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - James Yiu-Hung Tsoi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gabriel Sze-Man Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winson Hei-Man Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cyril Chik-Yan Yip
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kong Hung Sze
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siddharth Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Junjhon J, Panyasu K, Chaiyaloom S, Saipin K, Somasa P, Sangiambut S, Puttikhunt C, Sriburi R, Keelapang P, Ekchariyawat P, Avirutnan P, Hirunpetcharat C, Sittisombut N. Generation and characterization of luciferase-secreting, single-round infectious DENV-2 reporter for functional antibody assays. J Virol Methods 2021; 291:114119. [PMID: 33662412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Flavivirus reporters provide a robust tool for viral pathogenesis studies, anti-viral drug screening, disease diagnosis and functional antibody assays. In this study, we generated a luciferase-secreting, single-round reporter virus by replacing the capsid coding region in a DENV-2 genome with the secretory form of Lucia luciferase gene to produce infectious viral particles in a stable capsid-expressing mosquito cell line. Replication of the reporter virus in trans-complementing mosquito cells was sustained for up to two weeks. There were strong correlations between the extracellular luciferase activity and infectious reporter virus inocula upon infection of mosquito and mammalian cell lines with graded quantities of the reporter virus. A set of anti-E and anti-prM monoclonal antibodies affected the infectivity of reporter virus with similar dose-effect relationships as the parent virus. This simplified version of DENV-2 reporter provides a rapid and reliable method for the detection of neutralizing and infection-enhancing antibodies against dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraphan Junjhon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Kedsara Panyasu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suwipa Chaiyaloom
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Krongkan Saipin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornsiri Somasa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sutha Sangiambut
- Molecular Biology of Dengue and Flaviviruses Research Team, Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum-thani, 12120, Thailand; Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research and Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Dengue and Emerging Pathogens, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chunya Puttikhunt
- Molecular Biology of Dengue and Flaviviruses Research Team, Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum-thani, 12120, Thailand; Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research and Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Dengue and Emerging Pathogens, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Rungtawan Sriburi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Poonsook Keelapang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Peeraya Ekchariyawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Panisadee Avirutnan
- Division of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research and Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Dengue and Emerging Pathogens, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chakrit Hirunpetcharat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nopporn Sittisombut
- Molecular Biology of Dengue and Flaviviruses Research Team, Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum-thani, 12120, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Keshavarz B, Wiencek JR, Workman LJ, Straesser MD, Muehling LM, Canderan G, Drago F, Bonham CA, Sturek JM, Ramani C, McNamara CA, Woodfolk JA, Kadl A, Platts-Mills TA, Wilson JM. Quantitative Measurement of IgG to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Proteins Using ImmunoCAP. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2021; 182:417-424. [PMID: 33621972 PMCID: PMC8018212 DOI: 10.1159/000514203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detailed understanding of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19) has been hampered by a lack of quantitative antibody assays. OBJECTIVE The objective was to develop a quantitative assay for IgG to SARS-CoV-2 proteins that could be implemented in clinical and research laboratories. METHODS The biotin-streptavidin technique was used to conjugate SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) or nucleocapsid protein to the solid phase of the ImmunoCAP. Plasma and serum samples from patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (n = 60) and samples from donors banked before the emergence of COVID-19 (n = 109) were used in the assay. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were followed longitudinally in a subset of samples and were related to total IgG and IgG to reference antigens using an ImmunoCAP 250 platform. RESULTS At a cutoff of 2.5 μg/mL, the assay demonstrated sensitivity and specificity exceeding 95% for IgG to both SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Among 36 patients evaluated in a post-hospital follow-up clinic, median levels of IgG to spike-RBD and nucleocapsid were 34.7 μg/mL (IQR 18-52) and 24.5 μg/mL (IQR 9-59), respectively. Among 17 patients with longitudinal samples, there was a wide variation in the magnitude of IgG responses, but generally the response to spike-RBD and to nucleocapsid occurred in parallel, with peak levels approaching 100 μg/mL, or 1% of total IgG. CONCLUSIONS We have described a quantitative assay to measure IgG to SARS-CoV-2 that could be used in clinical and research laboratories and implemented at scale. The assay can easily be adapted to measure IgG to mutated COVID-19 proteins, has good performance characteristics, and has a readout in standardized units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Keshavarz
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Joesph R. Wiencek
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lisa J. Workman
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew D. Straesser
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lyndsey M. Muehling
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Glenda Canderan
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Catherine A. Bonham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Sturek
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Chintan Ramani
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Judith A. Woodfolk
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Alexandra Kadl
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Wilson
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Stillman BA, Thatcher B, Beall MJ, Lappin M, O'Connor TP, Chandrashekar R. Borrelia burgdorferi Antibody Test Results in Dogs Administered 4 Different Vaccines. Top Companion Anim Med 2019; 37:100358. [PMID: 31837754 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2019.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines against Borrelia burgdorferi are administered frequently to dogs in areas endemic for the infection. These vaccines produce an antibody response to spirochetal proteins that cross-react in many antibody tests, including immunofluorescence assay, Western blot, and whole cell ELISA used to document exposure to B. burgdorferi. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the in-clinic C6 ELISA assay (SNAP® 4Dx® Plus; IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, Maine) and the quantitative format C6 ELISA (Lyme Quant C6® Antibody Test, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, ME) react to sera from dogs that have been vaccinated with 1 of 4 different commercially available B. burgdorferi vaccines. Four groups of 3 dogs each were each administered one of the 4 vaccines and sera evaluated over time by indirect fluorescent antibody assay, western blot immunoassay, the in-clinic C6 ELISA assay, and the quantitative format C6 ELISA. While all dogs developed B. burgdorferi antibodies detectable by indirect fluorescent antibody assay and western blot immunoassay after vaccination, none of the samples were positive in either of the C6 peptide-based assays. Based on these results, positive anti-C6 antibody results in client-owned dogs are likely to reflect exposure to B. burgdorferi rather than vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Stillman
- Infectious Diseases R&D, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook ME, USA
| | - Brendon Thatcher
- Infectious Diseases R&D, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook ME, USA
| | - Melissa J Beall
- Infectious Diseases R&D, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook ME, USA
| | - Michael Lappin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Thomas P O'Connor
- Infectious Diseases R&D, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook ME, USA
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Poghosyan GG, Mikaelyan MV, Gasparyan VK. Anisotropic silver nanoparticles sensitized by oxidized lipoproteins for detection of appropriate antibodies. Talanta 2019; 194:977-9. [PMID: 30609631 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to oxidized lipoproteins are useful markers for diagnosis and prognosis of some heart diseases. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) were purified from human plasma and were oxidized by CuCl2. They were immobilized on anisotropic silver nanoparticles with tunable plasmon resonance band and were applied for detection of appropriate antibodies in sera of patients with stenosis. The presence of such antibodies brings to significant shifting of plasmon resonance band to long-wave region in comparison with control sera. This approach permits to detect such antibodies by rapid method with one step procedure.
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