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Mo H, Zhang T, Zhang J, Peng S, Xiang F, Li H, Ge Y, Yao L, Hu L. Ferrous sulphate triggers ferroptosis in Candida albicans and cures vulvovaginal candidiasis in a mouse model. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127704. [PMID: 38554652 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most leading cause of life-threatening fungal invasive infections, especially for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Resistance and tolerance to common fungicide has risen great demands on alternative strategies for treating C. albicans infections. In the present study, ferroptosis has been proven to occur in C. albicans by directly exposed to FeSO4 via induing hallmarks of ferroptosis, including Fe2+ overload burden, ROS eruption and lipid peroxidation. Transcriptomic profile gave the great hints of the possible mechanism for fungal ferroptosis that FeSO4 disturb pathways associated to ribosome, tyrosine metabolism, triglyceride metabolism and thiamine metabolism, thus mobilizing death-related gene synthesis. Inspired by the results, a FeSO4-loaded hydrogel was prepared as an antifungal agent to treat C. albicans infection. This hydrogel exhibited excellent dressing properties and maintained superior antifungal activity by characterization tests. Besides, mice treated by this composite hydrogel displayed excellent therapeutic efficacy. These results highlighted the potential therapeutic use of FeSO4 as an innovative strategy in treating C. albicans infections by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Mo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shurui Peng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Fukun Xiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yaming Ge
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lishan Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Liangbin Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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Vehapi M, İnan B, Kayacan-Cakmakoglu S, Sagdic O, Özçimen D. Production of Bacillus subtilis soil isolate as biocontrol agent under bioreactor conditions. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:52. [PMID: 36600085 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the biomass production of Bacillus subtilis in flask and bioreactor conditions. It is necessary to carry the culture from the shake flask to the pH, air, temperature and stirring controlled bioreactor in order to reduce the working time and increase the production efficiency and product quality. In this study, Bacillus was isolated from soil and grown under flask and bioreactor conditions as biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. In this process, a pH value of 7.5, 100% O2 saturation, 30% dissolved O2, at the temperature of 37 °C, total flow of 0.1 Lmin-1 and mixing speed of 150 min-1 were preferred for optimal concerning high production yield of B. subtilis in bioreactor. To test whether B. subtilis has antifungal activity on the growth of B. cinerea and F. oxysporum, a dual culture assay in a PDA medium was carried out. Ultimately, high biomass production in a short incubation period by reaching 2.2 µg/mL after 9 h in the bioreactor. It was observed that the bacteria produced in the bioreactor cultivation grew stronger and showed high antifungal activity which resulted 33.33% inhibition percentage against B. cinerea. It was concluded that B. subtilis can be used as a green-fungicide against B. cinerea and F. oxysporum, and bacterial metabolites from B. subtilis could pave the way for the development of next generation green/biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyrem Vehapi
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Benan İnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Osman Sagdic
- Department of Food Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Özçimen
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Vaiyshnavi W, Jei JB, Kumar BM. Effect of silver nanoparticles on wettability, anti-fungal effect, flexural strength, and color stability of injection-molded heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate in human saliva. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2022; 22:368-376. [PMID: 36511071 PMCID: PMC9709872 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_574_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles incorporated injection molded heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate resin on wettability, anti-fungal effect, flexural strength and colour stability in human saliva. Settings and Design An In-Vitro study with In -Vivo parameter. Materials and Methods Rectangular and circular stainless-steel dies were fabricated according to ISO standardization 20795-1:2018 and ADA specification number 12. A total of 144 samples were prepared and divided into 4 groups with thirty-six samples in each group. Each of the 4 groups were subdivided into 3 subgroups based on concentration of silver nanoparticles as 0% in subgroup A, 0.05% in subgroup B and 0.2% in subgroup C. Group 1 samples evaluated wettability, they were assessed at 0, 7, 90 and 180 days after immersing in human saliva using goniometer. Group 2 samples evaluated antifungal effect, they were assessed against Candida albicans in Muller hinton agar plate enriched with 2% glucose. Group 3 samples evaluated flexural strength, they were assessed by using universal testing machine. Group 4 samples evaluated colour stability, they were assessed using UV spectrophotometer at 0, 3 and 7 days after immersing in human saliva. Statistical Analysis Used One-way ANOVA and Post- Hoc Tukey test were used to evaluate the significant differences in the mean values of the groups. Results Subgroup C samples with 0.2% Ag nanoparticles had better wettability, maximum antifungal property, highest flexural strength and good colour stability followed by subgroup B and subgroup A samples. Conclusion Injection molded denture base resin incorporated with 0.2% Ag nanoparticles could be used clinically as a denture base material for completely and partially edentulous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Vaiyshnavi
- Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J. Brintha Jei
- Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B. Muthu Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wu Y, Cheng JH, Sun DW. Subcellular damages of Colletotrichum asianum and inhibition of mango anthracnose by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Food Chem 2022; 381:132197. [PMID: 35121319 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum asianum (C. asianum) is a new pathogenic fungus that causes mango anthracnose. Cold plasma is a novel non-thermal decontamination technology, which has been proven to be effective in controlling postharvest fungus. Herein, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used to treat C. asianum spores in sterile phosphate-buffered saline, the damages in subcellular structures of C. asianum and inhibition of mango anthracnose were evaluated. Results showed that after 9 min treatment, the spore germination rate and spore viability were decreased by 95.48% and 98.82%, respectively, and the subcellular structures were damaged (P < 0.05), leading to spores death. Besides, DBD plasma treatments could control mango anthracnose and maintain mango quality, and the disease incidence and lesion diameter of mango treated for 9 min were decreased by 48.00% and 62.95%, respectively. Therefore DBD plasma inactivated C. asianum spore, providing an alternative technique for preventing and controlling mango anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Hu Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Abdel-Latif EF, Abbas KA, Abdelmontaleb HS, Hamdy SM. Nigella sativa oil: A promising prospective antifungal agent in the manufacture of low-salt soft cheese. Ital J Food Saf 2021; 10:9862. [PMID: 35071058 PMCID: PMC8715266 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2021.9862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work studied the in-vivo antifungal activity of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in ultrafiltered low-salt soft cheese as a proposed replacement for the synthetic preservatives which become unacceptable by consumers. Four different concentrations of NSO were examined during the manufacture of the cheese (0.3, 0.5, 1, and 3 % w/w). The effect of NSO supplementation was examined in 3 parallel lines; a ninepoint hedonic scale was used in the sensorial evaluation of soft cheese free of the fungal inoculum, the physicochemical properties of soft cheese were determined during storage as well as anti-fungal effects of different concentrations of NSO on inoculated cheese with different species of fungi: Candida albicans (104 cfu/ml) and Aspergillus parasiticus (102 cfu/ml) before coagulation. The Nigella sativa oil expressed an antifungal activity by using different levels of NSO which significantly reduced and inhibited the growth of the fungal counts (1.4 log cfu/g for Candida albicans and 2.30 log cfu/g for Aspergillus parasiticus) started from 0.5% concentration of NSO on the 14th day of the storage. In addition, it exhibited different physicochemical properties of soft cheese depending on the level of used NSO. However, the Sensory evaluation of cheese samples revealed the acceptance of soft cheese samples with 0.3% and 0.5% of NSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Abdel-Latif
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza
| | - Khaled A Abbas
- Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Shaimaa M Hamdy
- Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Zongur A, Kavuncuoglu H, Kavuncuoglu E, Dursun Capar T, Yalcin H, Buzpinar MA. Machine learning approach for predicting the antifungal effect of gilaburu (Viburnum opulus) fruit extracts on Fusarium spp. isolated from diseased potato tubers. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 192:106379. [PMID: 34808145 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This work addresses the mathematical model building to detect the diameter of the inhibition zone of gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) extract against eight different Fusarium strains isolated from diseased potato tubers. Gilaburu extracts were obtained with acetone, ethanol or methanol. The isolated Fusarium strains were: F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. sambucinum, F. graminearum, F. coeruleum, F. sulphureum, F. auneaceum and F. culmorum. In general, it was observed that ethanolic extracts showed highest antifungal activity. The antifungal activity of extracts was evaluated with machine learning (ML) methods. Several ML methods (classification and regression trees (CART), support vector machines (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), artificial neural network (ANN), ensemble algorithms (EA), AdaBoost (AB) algorithm, gradient boosting (GBM) algorithm, random forests (RF) bagging algorithm and extra trees (ET)) were applied and compared for modeling fungal growth. From this research, it is clear that ML methods have the lowest error level. As a result, ML methods are reliable, fast, and cheap tools for predicting the antifungal activity of gilaburu extracts. These encouraging results will attract more research efforts to implement ML into the field of food microbiology instead of traditional methods.
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Wu W, Lin S, Zhao Z, Su Y, Li R, Zhang Z, Guo X. Bombyx mori Apolipophorin-III inhibits Beauveria bassiana directly and through regulating expression of genes relevant to immune signaling pathways. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 184:107647. [PMID: 34303711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Insect Apolipophorin-III is a multifunctional protein and also plays an important role in insect innate immunity. Early transcriptome and proteome studies indicated that the gene expression level of Bombyx mori Apolipophorin-III (BmApoLp-III) in silkworm larvae infected with Beauveria bassiana was significantly up-regulated. In this study, BmApoLp-III gene was cloned, its expression patterns in different larval tissues investigated, the BmApoLp-III protein was successfully expressed with prokaryotic expression system and its antifungal effect was verified. The results showed that the BmApoLp-III gene was expressed in all the tested tissues of the 5th instar larvae infected by B. bassiana, with the highest expression in fat body. The fungistatic zone test showed that the recombinant BmApoLp-III has a significant antifungal effect on B. bassiana. Injecting purified BmApoLp-III to the larvae delayed the onset and death of the infected larvae. Conversely, silencing BmApoLp-III gene by RNAi resulted in early morbidity and death of the infected larvae. At the same time, injecting BmApoLp-III up-regulated the expression of genes including BmβGRP4 and BmMyd88 in the Toll signaling pathway, BmCTL5 and BmHOP in the Jak/STAT signaling pathway, serine proteinase inhibitor BmSerpin5, and antimicrobial peptide BmCecA, but down-regulated the expression of BmTak1 of Imd signaling pathway; while silencing BmApoLp-III gene down-regulated the expression of BmβGRP1 and BmSpaetzle, BmCTL5 and BmHOP, BmSerpin2 and BmSerpin5, BmBAEE and BmPPO2 of relevant pathways and BmCecA, but up-regulated the expression of BmPGRP-Lc and BmTak1 of Imd pathway. These results indicate that the BmApoLp-III could not only directly inhibit B. bassiana, but also participate in regulation of the expression of immune signaling pathway related genes, promote the expression of immune effectors, and indirectly inhibit the reproduction of B. bassiana in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanming Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Su Lin
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Ze Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Yun Su
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Ruilin Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Xijie Guo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
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Boukaew S, Cheirsilp B, Prasertsan P, Yossan S. Antifungal effect of volatile organic compounds produced by Streptomyces salmonis PSRDC-09 against anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides PSU-03 in postharvest chili fruit. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1452-1463. [PMID: 33570812 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Application of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Streptomyces salmonis PSRDC-09 (VOCs PSRDC-09) grown on sterile wheat seeds against chili anthracnose pathogen was investigated in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Among 10 isolates of Colletotrichum species tested, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides PSU-03 was selected as the most aggressive anthracnose pathogenic strain on chili fruit against VOCs produced by Streptomyces species. Among 11 isolates, the strain PSRDC-09 exhibited the highest antifungal activity and was identified as S. salmonis PSRDC-09. The antagonistic mechanism of the VOCs PSRDC-09 on morphological of C. gloeosporioides PSU-03, observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), revealed the irregular distortions in the fungal hyphae. The effect of inoculum size and spore concentration of S. salmonis PSRDC-09 prepared as a wheat seed inoculum on the suppression of C. gloeosporioides PSU-03 was studied both in vitro and on chili fruit. The optimum inoculum size (45 g 0·31 l-1 ) and spore concentration (107 spores per ml) of the wheat seed culture of S. salmonis PSRDC-09 exhibited the complete suppression (100% inhibition) on C. gloeosporioides PSU-03. The optimum fumigation period of the VOCs PSRDC-09 (45 g 1·38 l-1 ) was found to be 24 h. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, 14 major VOCs (produced by the strain PSRDC-09) were detected and l-linalool was the main volatile component. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the VOCs from S. salmonis PSRDC-09 could effectively control the chili anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These findings suggest that S. salmonis PSRDC-09 may have the potential to become a promising biofumigant for biocontrol of chili anthracnose disease in the postharvest system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boukaew
- College of Innovation and Management, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - B Cheirsilp
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Thailand
| | - P Prasertsan
- Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - S Yossan
- Division of Environmental Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Sisaket Rajabhat University, Sisaket, Thailand
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Homsiang W, Kamonkhantikul K, Arksornnukit M, Takahashi H. Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles incorporated into tissue conditioner on antifungal, physical, and mechanical properties. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:481-486. [PMID: 33268694 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antifungal, physical, and mechanical properties of tissue conditioner incorporated with different amounts of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnOnps) at different storage times (0, 7, and 14 days). Specimens of 0, 5, 10, 15 wt% ZnOnps, or 15 wt% nystatin incorporated into tissue conditioner were fabricated (control, 5Zn, 10Zn, 15Zn, and Nys). The direct contact test (n=6) was performed to evaluate the antifungal effect against C. albicans suspension. The penetration depth (n=6) and tensile bond strength (n=8) were evaluated following ISO 13139. The 15Zn significantly reduced C. albicans cell number compared with control at all storage times (p<0.001). The penetration depths and tensile bond strengths of the 5Zn, 10Zn, 15Zn, and Nys were not significantly different compared with control at all storage times (p>0.05). In conclusion, the 15Zn provides antifungal effect up to 14 days without adverse effects on penetration depth and tensile bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woraporn Homsiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Krid Kamonkhantikul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University
| | | | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
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Macedo SA, Lundgren GA, Dos Passos Braga S, de Souza EL, Câmara MPS. Combined chitosan and Cympobogon citratus (D.C. ex Nees) Stapf. essential oil to inhibit the fungal phytopathogen Paramyrothecium roridum and control crater rot in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:2057-2065. [PMID: 32915438 PMCID: PMC7688847 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of combined chitosan (Chi) and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. essential oil (CCEO) to inhibit the fungal phytopathogen Paramyrothecium roridum L. Lombard & Crous and control crater rot in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Effects of several Chi and CCEO concentrations to inhibit the growth of four P. roridum isolates in vitro, as well as the type of interaction of some combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO was evaluated. Effects of coatings with combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO on development of crater rot lesions in melon artificially inoculated with P. roridum during storage (15 days, 25 °C) were measured. Chi (2.5, 3.75, 5, and 6.75 mg/mL) and CCEO (0.3 and 0.6 μL/mL) led to growth inhibition of the four examined P. roridum isolates. Combinations of Chi (5 mg/mL) and CCEO (0.15 and 0.3 μL/mL) had additive interaction to inhibit P. roridum. Coatings with additive combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO decreased the development and severity of carter rot lesions in melon during room storage regardless of the inoculated P. roridum isolate. Therefore, application of coatings formulated with combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO could be alternative strategies to control crater rot caused by P. roridum in melon and decrease synthetic fungicide use in this fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Alves Macedo
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Alencar Lundgren
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, 58051-900, Cidade Universitária, Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Selma Dos Passos Braga
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, 58051-900, Cidade Universitária, Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, 58051-900, Cidade Universitária, Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Paz Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Xiao Y, Li X, Yao L, Xu D, Li Y, Zhang X, Li Z, Xiao Q, Ni Y, Guo Y. Chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on various organs of Sorghum bicolor and their antifungal activities. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 155:596-604. [PMID: 32846395 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum bicolor is widely cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas. This paper reports the chemical profiles of cuticular waxes on adaxial and abaxial sides of common leaf, flag leaf, sheath and stem from six sorghum cultivars and the variations of leaf cuticular waxes at seedling, jointing and filling stages. Then, the bioassay of leaf and sheath wax were evaluated against Penicillium sp and Alternaria alternata. The six sorghum cultivars had similar wax profiles. In total, eight wax compounds were identified, including fatty acids, aldehydes, primary alcohols, alkanes, secondary alcohols, ketones, sterols and minor triterpenoids. Leaf wax coverage increased from 2.2 to 3.1 μg/cm2 at seedling stages to 6.5-14.0 μg/cm2 at jointing and filling stages, respectively. The relative abundance of primary alcohols decreased from 51 to 62% at seedling stage to 17-33% at jointing stage whereas alkanes increased from 5-9% to 19-33%. Leaf was dominated with alkanes (28.4%) and aldehydes (28.4%), sheath with acids (42.8%), and stem with aldehydes (80.8%). Epicuticular wax of leaf and sheath contained higher proportions of alkanes whereas the intracuticular waxes contained higher proportions of sterols. The leaf wax improved the growth of Penicillium but reduced that of A. alternaria, whereas sheath wax reduced the growth of Penicillium but unchanged A. alternaria. The detailed sorghum wax profiles improve our understanding of the physiological roles of these waxes and their diversified potential usages in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luhua Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daixiang Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qainlin Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Ni
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Farias APP, Monteiro ODS, da Silva JKR, Figueiredo PLB, Rodrigues AAC, Monteiro IN, Maia JGS. Chemical composition and biological activities of two chemotype-oils from Cinnamomum verum J. Presl growing in North Brazil. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 57:3176-3183. [PMID: 32728267 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical composition and antioxidant and antifungal action of the oils from leaves and wood bark of two chemotypes of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl were evaluated. Plants were sampled in the cities of São Luís and Santa Inês, state of Maranhão, Brazil. GC-MS and GC-FID, DPPH radical scavenging, and in vitro test against the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum musae were used to perform these analyses. Cinnamomum verum is worldwide known as Cinnamon, highlighted for its extensive use in the cooking of diverse cultures of the world, and as a medicinal plant to treat environmental viral diseases. In the leaf oil of São Luís chemotype, eugenol (93.6%) was the main constituent, while in Santa Inês chemotype, it was benzyl benzoate (95.3%). In the bark wood oil of São Luís chemotype, (E)-cinnamaldehyde (89.3%) was the main constituent, while in Santa Inês chemotype, they were benzyl benzoate (23.3%), linalool (14.0%), (E)-caryophyllene (9.1%), caryolan-8-ol (7.2%) and borneol (4.7%). Leaf oils from both chemotypes showed strong to moderate antifungal activity, reaching 100% efficacy in eugenol-containing oils and above 70% in benzyl benzoate oils. In the antioxidant evaluation, the chemotype with a high eugenol content presented an inhibitory concentration higher than 80%, compared to Trolox. The leaf oils of the two C. verum chemotypes showed significant antifungal and antioxidant potential, considering their economic use as a functional and nutraceutical food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia P Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, São Luis, MA 65080-040 Brazil
| | - Odair Dos S Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, São Luis, MA 65080-040 Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-900 Brazil
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, PA 66050-540 Brazil
| | - Antonia Alice C Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Agroecologia, Universidade Estadual Do Maranhão, São Luís, MA 65055-970 Brazil
| | | | - José Guilherme S Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Maranhão, São Luis, MA 65080-040 Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-900 Brazil
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13
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Álvarez M, Rodríguez A, Peromingo B, Núñez F, Rodríguez M. Enterococcus faecium: a promising protective culture to control growth of ochratoxigenic moulds and mycotoxin production in dry-fermented sausages. Mycotoxin Res 2019; 36:137-145. [PMID: 31712978 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-019-00376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Moulds positively contribute to the development of typical characteristic flavour and aroma of dry-fermented sausages. However, some mould species, such as Penicillium nordicum and Penicillium verrucosum, may contaminate this product with ochratoxin A (OTA). For this reason, the control of toxigenic moulds is needed. Strategies based on the use of antifungal microorganisms present in the native microbial population in the dry-fermented sausage processing could be a promising strategy. The aim of this work was to study the effect of Enterococcus faecium strains on P. nordicum and P. verrucosum growth and OTA production in a dry-fermented sausage-based medium at conditions of temperature and water activity similar to those occurring during the ripening of these meat products. Six strains were screened to evaluate their growth capacity and antifungal activity against P. nordicum and P. verrucosum at three fixed temperatures related to the sausage ripening. The two E. faecium strains that decreased growth of both species were chosen to further evaluate their effect on growth of P. verrucosum and P. nordicum and their mycotoxin production under conditions simulating the dry-fermented sausage ripening. The presence of E. faecium SE920 significantly reduced OTA production of P. nordicum although it did not affect P. verrucosum. E. faecium SE920, isolated from dry-fermented sausages, could be a good candidate to reduce OTA production by P. nordicum in dry-fermented sausages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Álvarez
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Belén Peromingo
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Félix Núñez
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mar Rodríguez
- Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias, s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
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14
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Raesi Vanani A, Mahdavinia M, Kalantari H, Khoshnood S, Shirani M. Antifungal effect of the effect of Securigera securidaca L. vaginal gel on Candida species. Curr Med Mycol 2019; 5:31-35. [PMID: 31850394 PMCID: PMC6910708 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.5.3.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Candida species are opportunistic fungi, capable of causing acute and chronic infections in the gastrointestinal tract, vagina, and oral mucosa, among which Candida albicans is the most important species. The Securigera securidaca L. is used as an antiseptic to treat some diseases in traditional Iranian medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of S. securidaca extracts and vaginal gel against different Candida species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antifungal effects of different extracts and vaginal gel of S. securidaca were investigated against Candida species. By using well diffusion test, different concentrations of the collected S. securidaca extracts and vaginal gel were examined to test their antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei. RESULTS The ethanol extract and vaginal gel with the ethanol extract of S. securidaca showed the most anti-fungal activity against all three strains. CONCLUSION The S. securidaca extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the different species of Candida; however, the highest inhibitory effect was found against C. albicans. In order to treat candidiasis, more research is required to check the efficacy of this plant in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Raesi Vanani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavinia
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Maryam Shirani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Khorram Z, Hakimaneh SM, Naeini A, Rafieinezhad R, Salari AM, Shayegh SS. The Antifungal Effects of Two Herbal Essences in Comparison with Nystatin on the Candida Strains Isolated from the Edentulous Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019; 20:716-719. [PMID: 31358715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to evaluate the anticandidal effects of essential oils derived from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) on Candida strains isolated from edentulous patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Candida samples were isolated from 30 edentulous patients and the strains were identified using the CHROMagar method. Using the macro-broth dilution method and punched-hole tests, the effectiveness of fennel and cumin essential oils (prepared through distillation by water) was clarified. Nystatin was used as a positive control. RESULTS Nystatin (44 μg/mL) had the strongest antifungal effect, followed by cumin [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 662 μg/mL; minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) = 630 μg/mL] and fennel (MIC = 1,074 μg/mL; MFC = 1,227 μg/mL). The average diameter of the fungal growth inhibition zone was 23 mm for Nystatin, 14 mm for cumin essential oil, and 5 mm for fennel essential oil. CONCLUSION The anti-Candida effects of fennel and cumin show promise as alternatives to conventional drugs for the treatment of Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Mr Hakimaneh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Naeini
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine and Traditional Medicine, Clinical Trail Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reihane Rafieinezhad
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali M Salari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed S Shayegh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, Phone: +98 9123174049, e-mail:
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Astuti SD, Puspita PS, Putra AP, Zaidan AH, Fahmi MZ, Syahrom A, Suhariningsih. The antifungal agent of silver nanoparticles activated by diode laser as light source to reduce C. albicans biofilms: an in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:929-37. [PMID: 30413898 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a normal flora caused fungal infections and has the ability to form biofilms. The aim of this study was to improve the antifungal effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the light source for reducing the biofilm survival of C. albicans. AgNPs were prepared by silver nitrate (AgNO3) and trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7). To determine the antifungal effect of treatments on C. albicans biofilm, samples were distributed into four groups; L + P+ was treatment with laser irradiation and AgNPs; L + P- was treatment with laser irradiation only; L - P+ was treatment with AgNPs only (control positive); L - P- was no treatment with laser irradiation or AgNPs (control negative). The growth of fungi had been monitored by measuring the optical density at 405 nm with ELISA reader. The particle size of AgNPs was measured by using (particle size analyzer) and the zeta potential of AgNPs was measured by using Malvern zetasizer. The PSA test showed that the particle size of AgNPs was distributed between 7.531-5559.644 nm. The zeta potentials were found lower than - 30 mV with pH of 7, 9 or 11. The reduction percentage was analyzed by ANOVA test. The highest reduction difference was given at a lower level irradiation because irradiation with a density energy of 6.13 ± 0.002 J/cm2 resulted in the biofilm reduction of 7.07 ± 0.23% for the sample without AgNPs compared to the sample with AgNPs that increased the biofilm reduction of 64.48 ± 0.07%. The irradiation with a 450-nm light source had a significant fungicidal effect on C. albicans biofilm. The combination of light source and AgNPs provides an increase of biofilm reduction compared to the light source itself.
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Mohammadi Amirabad L, Jonoobi M, Mousavi NS, Oksman K, Kaboorani A, Yousefi H. Improved antifungal activity and stability of chitosan nanofibers using cellulose nanocrystal on banknote papers. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 189:229-37. [PMID: 29580404 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms can spread on the surface of banknotes and cause many infectious diseases. Chitosan nanofibers (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are nanomaterials, which can affect the antimicrobial properties. In this study, the fungal species that grew on the surfaces of collected banknotes from different places were identified. To examine the antifungal effect of the both nanomaterials on the banknotes, the stable coatings using CNFs and CNCs emulsions were prepared by roller coating. The results revealed that the most colonies in the banknotes obtained from the bakeries and butcheries were Aspergillus sp., whereas the colonies in bus terminals and the hospitals were Aspergillus niger and Penicillium, respectively. The results showed that the CNCs had no antifungal effect alone on the aforementioned species, but it could improve the antifungal effect, adhesion, and stability of CNFs on the banknote surfaces. This study suggested a new approach to decrease the infection spreads through banknotes.
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18
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Scheibler E, da Silva RM, Leite CE, Campos MM, Figueiredo MA, Salum FG, Cherubini K. Stability and efficacy of combined nystatin and chlorhexidine against suspensions and biofilms of Candida albicans. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 89:70-6. [PMID: 29477025 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nystatin and chlorhexidine are extensively used in oral medicine; however, there is some controversy about the possibility of these drugs showing antagonism. To clarify this issue, this study investigated the efficacy and stability of nystatin and chlorhexidine in combination. DESIGN An in vitro study was conducted to analyze the effect of nystatin and chlorhexidine combined on Candida albicans ATCC 18804, using the drugs mixed as a single formulation and as independent formulations used sequentially with different time intervals between them. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and effects on C. albicans suspensions and biofilms were evaluated. Also, the stability of nystatin and chlorhexidine in a mixture was tested by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS When nystatin and chlorhexidine were mixed in a single formulation, there was no significant difference in MIC compared to that of the drugs used alone (as the only treatment). However, when these drugs were used as independent formulations, sequentially with time intervals in between, their MICs were higher than the respective MIC of the drug used alone, except for the MIC of chlorhexidine with a 10-min interval. Nystatin/chlorhexidine combinations showed lower activity against C. albicans biofilms, except for that with a 30-min interval. The drugs when combined showed high percentages of degradation at all the times evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The combination of nystatin and chlorhexidine seems to interfere with the efficacy of the drugs and to increase their rate of degradation.
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Choi H, Kim KJ, Lee DG. Antifungal activity of the cationic antimicrobial polymer-polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and its mode of action. Fungal Biol 2016; 121:53-60. [PMID: 28007216 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH) was studied against various pathogenic fungi. PHMGH had more potent antifungal activity than amphotericin B, which is a commonly used antifungal drug, and also showed no hemolytic and lactate dehydrogenase release activities in the range of 1.25-40.0 μg mL-1. PHMGH is a cationic polymer containing an amino group and a polymeric guanidine group. Based on its characteristics such as the cationic charge and hydrophobicity, the antifungal mechanism of PHMGH was investigated using Candida albicans, as a model organism. Flow cytometric contour-plot analysis and microscopy showed changes in the size and granularity of the cells after treatment with PHMGH. A membrane study using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene labelling indicated a great loss of phospholipid area in the plasma membrane following PHMGH treatment. To investigate the extent of the damage, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextran leakage from large unilamellar vesicles was observed, indicating that PHMGH acts on the fungal membranes by inducing pore formation, with the majority of pore size being between 2.3 and 3.3 nm. This mechanism was confirmed with ion transition assays using 3,3'-dipropylthiacarbocyanine iodide and an ion-selective electrode meter, which indicated that membrane depolarization involving K+ leakage was induced. Taken together, these results show that PHMGH exerts its fungicidal effect by forming pores in the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Choi
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Keuk-Jun Kim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tae Kyeung College, 24, Danbuk-ri, Jain-myeon, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712-719, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Bavarsad N, Kouchak M, Mohamadipour P, Sadeghi-Nejad B. Preparation and physicochemical characterization of topical chitosan-based film containing griseofulvin-loaded liposomes. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2016; 7:91-8. [PMID: 27429928 PMCID: PMC4932812 DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.184591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Griseofulvin is an antifungal drug and is available as oral dosage forms. Development of topical treatment could be advantageous for superficial fungal infections of the skin. In this study, films prepared from the incorporation of griseofulvin-loaded liposomes in chitosan film for topical drug delivery in superficial fungal infections. The properties of the films were characterized regarding mechanical properties, swelling, ability to transmit vapor, drug release, thermal behavior, and antifungal efficacy against Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum. The presence of liposomes led to decreased mechanical properties but lower swelling ratio. Higher amount of drug permeation and rate of flux were obtained by liposomes incorporated in films compared to liposomal formulations. Antifungal efficacy of formulations was confirmed against two species of dermatophytes in vitro. Therefore, two concepts of using vesicular carrier systems and biopolymeric films have been combined and this topical novel composite film has the potential for griseofulvin delivery to superficial fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Bavarsad
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pardis Mohamadipour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Wang YH, Dong HH, Zhao F, Wang J, Yan F, Jiang YY, Jin YS. The synthesis and synergistic antifungal effects of chalcones against drug resistant Candida albicans. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3098-3102. [PMID: 27210436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To identify effective and low toxicity synergistic antifungal compounds, 24 derivatives of chalcone were synthesized to restore the effectiveness of fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC80) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of the antifungal synergist fluconazole were measured against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. This was done via methods established by the clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI). Of the synthesized compounds, 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (8) exhibited the most potent in vitro (FICI=0.007) effects. The structure activity relationship of the compounds are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province 261053, China
| | - Huai-Huai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province 261053, China
| | - Fang Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province 261053, China
| | - Yuan-Ying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Šimović M, Delaš F, Gradvol V, Kocevski D, Pavlović H. Antifungal effect of eugenol and carvacrol against foodborne pathogens Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium roqueforti in improving safety of fresh-cut watermelon. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol 2014; 3:91-6. [PMID: 26401354 PMCID: PMC4566673 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20140503090524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential oil components eugenol and carvacrol (ranging between 100 and 200 ppm for carvacrol and between 250 and 750 ppm for eugenol) were tested for antifungal activity against foodborne pathogenic fungal species Aspergillus carbonarius A1102 and Penicillium roqueforti PTFKK29 in in vitro and in situ conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro antifungal activity of eugenol and carvacrol was evaluated by macrobroth method, while watermelon Citrullus lanatus L. Sorento slices were used for antifungal assays in situ. RESULTS Selected components, eugenol and carvacrol showed significant inhibitory effect against tested fungi (A. carbonarius A1102 and P. roqueforti PTFKK29) in yeast extract sucrose broth, as well as in in situ conditions. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eugenol against A. carbonarius A1102 determined by macrobroth method was 2000 ppm, while against P. roqueforti PTFKK29 determined MIC was 1000 ppm. Carvacrol inhibited growth of A. carbonarius A1102 at minimal concentration of 500 ppm, while against P. roqueforti PTFKK29, MIC was 250 ppm. The assays in real food system watermelon slices for eugenol and carvacrol show that the inhibitory effect against both selected fungal species was concentration dependent. Furthermore, our results showed that antifungal effect of carvacrol as well as eugenol applied on watermelon slices in all concentrations was a result of effective synergy between an active antifungal compound and lower incubation temperature (15°C) in inhibition of A. carbonarius A1102. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the use of eugenol and carvacrol is promising natural alternative to the use of food chemical preservatives, in order to improve safety and quality of fresh-cut and ready-to-eat fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Šimović
- Department of Microbiology, Public Health Institute of the Osijek-Baranja County, Franje Krežme 1, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Frane Delaš
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Gradvol
- Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Food Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dragana Kocevski
- Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Food Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Pavlović
- Department of Food and Nutrition Research, Food Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Kim SW, Jung JH, Lamsal K, Kim YS, Min JS, Lee YS. Antifungal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Various Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Mycobiology 2012; 40:53-8. [PMID: 22783135 PMCID: PMC3385153 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2012.40.1.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This research is concerned with the fungicidal properties of nano-size silver colloidal solution used as an agent for antifungal treatment of various plant pathogens. We used WA-CV-WA13B, WA-AT-WB13R, and WA-PR-WB13R silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. Eighteen different plant pathogenic fungi were treated with these AgNPs on potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar, and corn meal agar plates. We calculated fungal inhibition in order to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of silver nanoparticles against pathogens. The results indicated that AgNPs possess antifungal properties against these plant pathogens at various levels. Treatment with WA-CV-WB13R AgNPs resulted in maximum inhibition of most fungi. Results also showed that the most significant inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi was observed on PDA and 100 ppm of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Woo Kim
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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