1
|
Lo CKL, Lo CKF, Komorowski AS, Leung V, Matic N, McKenna S, Perez-Patrigeon S, Sheth PM, Lowe CF, Chagla Z, Bai AD. Evaluating in vivo effectiveness of sotrovimab for the treatment of Omicron subvariant BA.2 versus BA.1: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:37. [PMID: 38267971 PMCID: PMC10809552 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro data suggested reduced neutralizing capacity of sotrovimab, a monoclonal antibody, against Omicron BA.2 subvariant. However, limited in vivo data exist regarding clinical effectiveness of sotrovimab for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to Omicron BA.2. METHODS A multicentre, retrospective cohort study was conducted at three Canadian academic tertiary centres. Electronic medical records were reviewed for patients ≥ 18 years with mild COVID-19 (sequencing-confirmed Omicron BA.1 or BA.2) treated with sotrovimab between February 1 to April 1, 2022. Thirty-day co-primary outcomes included hospitalization due to moderate or severe COVID-19; all-cause intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and all-cause mortality. Risk differences (BA.2 minus BA.1 group) for co-primary outcomes were adjusted with propensity score matching (e.g., age, sex, vaccination, immunocompromised status). RESULTS Eighty-five patients were included (15 BA.2, 70 BA.1) with similar baseline characteristics between groups. Adjusted risk differences were non-statistically significant between groups for 30-day hospitalization (- 14.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 32.6 to 4.0%), ICU admission (- 7.1%; 95%CI: - 20.6 to 6.3%), and mortality (- 7.1%; 95%CI: - 20.6 to 6.3%). CONCLUSIONS No differences were demonstrated in hospitalization, ICU admission, or mortality rates within 30 days between sotrovimab-treated patients with BA.1 versus BA.2 infection. More real-world data may be helpful to properly assess sotrovimab's effectiveness against infections due to specific emerging COVID-19 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carson K L Lo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Transplant Infectious Diseases and Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, 585 University Avenue, MaRS Building, 9th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 2N2, Canada.
| | - Calvin K F Lo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adam S Komorowski
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Susan McKenna
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Santiago Perez-Patrigeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Prameet M Sheth
- Division of Microbiology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Gastrointestinal Disease Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zain Chagla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony D Bai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He X, Liao Y, Liang Y, Yu J, Gao W, Wan J, Liao Y, Su J, Zou X, Tang S. Transmission characteristics and inactivated vaccine effectiveness against transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant in Shenzhen, China. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1290279. [PMID: 38259438 PMCID: PMC10800792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the transmission risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron BA.2 variant and the effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine boosters in Shenzhen during a BA.2 outbreak period from 1 February to 21 April 2022. A total of 1,248 individuals were infected with the BA.2 variant, and 7,855 close contacts were carefully investigated. The risk factors for the high secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection were household contacts [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.748; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.448, 2.110], younger individuals aged 0-17 years (aOR: 2.730; 95% CI: 2.118, 3.518), older persons aged ≥60 years (aOR: 1.342; 95% CI: 1.135, 1.588), women (aOR: 1.442; 95% CI: 1.210, 1.718), and the subjects exposed to the post-onset index cases (aOR: 8.546; 95% CI: 6.610, 11.050), respectively. Compared with the unvaccinated and partially vaccinated individuals, a relatively low risk of secondary attack was found for the individuals who received booster vaccination (aOR: 0.871; 95% CI: 0.761, 0.997). Moreover, a high transmission risk was found for the index cases aged ≥60 years (aOR: 1.359; 95% CI: 1.132, 1.632), whereas a relatively low transmission risk was observed for the index cases who received full vaccination (aOR: 0.642; 95% CI: 0.490, 0.841) and booster vaccination (aOR: 0.676; 95% CI: 0.594, 0.770). Compared with full vaccination, booster vaccination of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine showed an effectiveness of 24.0% (95% CI: 7.0%, 37.9%) against BA.2 transmission for the adults ≥18 years and 93.7% (95% CI: 72.4%, 98.6%) for the adults ≥60 years, whereas the effectiveness was 51.0% (95% CI: 21.9%, 69.3%) for the individuals of 14 days to 179 days after booster vaccination and 51.2% (95% CI: 37.5%, 61.9%) for the non-household contacts. The estimated mean values of the generation interval, serial interval, incubation period, latent period, and viral shedding period were 2.7 days, 3.2 days, 2.4 days, 2.1 days, and 17.9 days, respectively. In summary, our results confirmed that the main transmission route of Omicron BA.2 subvariant was household contact, and booster vaccination of the inactivated vaccines was relatively effective against BA.2 subvariant transmission in older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yuxue Liao
- Office of Emergency, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanhao Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexin Yu
- Third Class of 2019 of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Office of Emergency, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Office of Emergency, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Office of Emergency, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Su
- Department of Biochemistry, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Office of Emergency, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fowle N, Garrett B, Floyd OL, Collins J, Krasnow AD, Islas M, Holland SC, Smith MF, Lim ES, Jarrett NM, Scott SE. University-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Infections, Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1520-1522. [PMID: 35654405 PMCID: PMC9239890 DOI: 10.3201/eid2807.220470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated a university-affiliated cohort of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 infections in Arizona, USA. Of 44 cases, 43 were among students; 26 persons were symptomatic, 8 sought medical care, but none were hospitalized. Most (55%) persons had completed a primary vaccine series; 8 received booster vaccines. BA.2 infection was mild in this young cohort.
Collapse
|
4
|
Song P, Mitsuya H, Kokudo N. COVID-19 in Japan: An update on national policy, research, clinical practice, and vaccination campaign. Glob Health Med 2022; 4:64-66. [PMID: 35586762 PMCID: PMC9066460 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2022.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As countries worldwide take steps such as vaccination campaigns to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, academia is actively promoting the timely sharing of scientific information across borders. As an international academic journal, Global Health & Medicine (GHM) has quickly accepted COVID-19-related papers and published results of series of studies since the beginning of 2020. In particular, the "First Special Issue on COVID-19" (April 2020) and the "Second Special Issue on COVID-19" (April 2021) included a wide range of articles presenting frontline data on the COVID-19 response in Japan, China, the United States, Italy, the United Kingdom, West Africa, and other various countries and areas worldwide. This "Third Special Issue on COVID-19" (April 2022) features the practical experiences of front-line clinicians, researchers, and other healthcare professionals from Japan and it presents updated data on i) national policy, ii) research, iii) clinical practice, and iv) the vaccination campaign. Our hope is that the rapid publication and sharing of information will help, in any way possible way, in the global fight against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Address correspondence to:Hiroaki Mitsuya and Norihiro Kokudo. Global Health & Medicine. National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan. E-mail:
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Address correspondence to:Hiroaki Mitsuya and Norihiro Kokudo. Global Health & Medicine. National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|