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Franceschiello B, Noto TD, Bourgeois A, Murray MM, Minier A, Pouget P, Richiardi J, Bartolomeo P, Anselmi F. Machine learning algorithms on eye tracking trajectories to classify patients with spatial neglect. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022; 221:106929. [PMID: 35675721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Eye-movement trajectories are rich behavioral data, providing a window on how the brain processes information. We address the challenge of characterizing signs of visuo-spatial neglect from saccadic eye trajectories recorded in brain-damaged patients with spatial neglect as well as in healthy controls during a visual search task. METHODS We establish a standardized pre-processing pipeline adaptable to other task-based eye-tracker measurements. We use traditional machine learning algorithms together with deep convolutional networks (both 1D and 2D) to automatically analyze eye trajectories. RESULTS Our top-performing machine learning models classified neglect patients vs. healthy individuals with an Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) ranging from 0.83 to 0.86. Moreover, the 1D convolutional neural network scores correlated with the degree of severity of neglect behavior as estimated with standardized paper-and-pencil tests and with the integrity of white matter tracts measured from Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Interestingly, the latter showed a clear correlation with the third branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), especially damaged in neglect. CONCLUSIONS The study introduces new methods for both the pre-processing and the classification of eye-movement trajectories in patients with neglect syndrome. The proposed methods can likely be applied to other types of neurological diseases opening the possibility of new computer-aided, precise, sensitive and non-invasive diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Franceschiello
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; The Sense Innovation and Research Center, Lausanne and Sion, Switzerland; School of Engineering, Institute of Systems Engineering, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Route de L'industrie 23, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Tommaso Di Noto
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexia Bourgeois
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Micah M Murray
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Department of Ophthalmology, Fondation Asile des Aveugles and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; The Sense Innovation and Research Center, Lausanne and Sion, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Minier
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Department of Ophthalmology, Fondation Asile des Aveugles and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Pouget
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Richiardi
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; The Sense Innovation and Research Center, Lausanne and Sion, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Bartolomeo
- Sorbonne Universite, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Fabio Anselmi
- Center for Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Brains, Minds, and Machines, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Ostellino S, Benso A, Politano G. The integration of clinical data in the assessment of multiple sclerosis - A review. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022; 221:106900. [PMID: 35623208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease associated with various and heterogeneous clinical characteristics. Given its complex nature and its unpredictable evolution over time, there isn't an established and exhaustive clinical protocol (or tool) for its diagnosis nor for monitoring its progression. Instead, different clinical exams and physical/psychological evaluations need to be taken into account. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is the most used clinical scale, but it suffers from several limitations. Developing computational solutions for the identification of bio-markers of disease progression that overcome the downsides of currently used scales is crucial and is gaining interest in current literature and research. METHODS This Review focuses on the importance of approaching MS diagnosis and monitoring by investigating correlations between cognitive impairment and clinical data that refer to different MS domains. We review papers that integrate heterogeneous data and analyse them with statistical methods to understand their applicability into more advanced computational tools. Particular attention is paid to the impact that computational approaches can have on personalized-medicine. RESULTS Personalized medicine for neuro-degenerative diseases is an unmet clinical need which can be addressed using computational approaches able to efficiently integrate heterogeneous clinical data extracted from both private and publicly available electronic health databases. CONCLUSIONS Reliable and explainable Artificial Intelligence are computational approaches required to understand the complex and demonstrated interactions between MS manifestations as well as to provide reliable predictions on the disease evolution, representing a promising research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ostellino
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Benso
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Politano
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy.
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Yang S, Wang X, Duan C, Zhang J. A novel approach combining metabolomics and molecular pharmacology to study the effect of Gei Herba on mouse hematopoietic function. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110437. [PMID: 32768939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gei Herba, Chinese named Lanbuzheng (LBZ), is a traditional Chinese medicine promotes hematopoiesis, yet the underlying mechanism for this effect remains largely unknown. In the present study, a novel approach combining LC-MS metabolomics and molecular pharmacology was developed to investigate the hematopoietic effect and mechanism of LBZ on hematopoietic dysfunction (HD) caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in treated mice. The results show that LBZ can reduce damage in the spleen, a result consistent with the peripheral hemogram. Fourteen potential biomarkers were identified in the spleen by metabolic profiles analysis, including 5-hydroxymethyluracil, ascorbalamic acid, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, menadiol disulfate, l-homocysteine sulfonic acid and l-carnitine. Change in biomarker levels suggest that LBZ mainly affects β-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids, oxidation of branched chain fatty acids and carnitine synthesis, and those metabolites produced along with related metabolic pathways are closely associated with anti-apoptosis. A molecular pharmacology approach was simultaneously developed to examine accompanying cellular signaling mechanisms. LBZ activates PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor (G-CSF)-mediated Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/transcription 3 (STAT3), resulting in inhibiting the release of cytochrome c. Further, LBZ inhibits caspase-mediated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis mediated by caspase-9 and caspase-3. LBZ can thus reduce CTX-induced HD via G-CSF-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling and PI3K/Akt mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways. The present study combines metabolomic and molecular pharmacological methods to elucidate mechanisms for the protective effect of LBZ on mouse HD following CTX-induced damage. This approach may be useful for exploring mechanisms of action of other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Department of Pharmcy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Zunyi Insitute of Products Quality Inspection and Testing, Zunyi, 56300, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Pharmcy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 56300,China
| | - Cancan Duan
- Department of Pharmcy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 56300,China.
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Department of Pharmcy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 56300,China.
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Zhuo JC, Cai DK, Xie KF, Gan HN, Li SS, Huang XJ, Huang D, Zhang CZ, Li RY, Chen YX, Zeng XH. Mechanism of YLTZ on glycolipid metabolism based on UPLC/TOF/MS metabolomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1097-1098:128-141. [PMID: 30241074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by dysfunction of glycolipid metabolism. YLTZ is used to treat hyperlipidemia, yet its hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic mechanism on T2DM are unknown. Thus, UPLC/TOF/MS was applied in this study to identify the potential bio-markers, and deduce the possible metabolic pathways. According to bio-indexes, the increased blood lipid levels, including TC, TG, LDL and FA, and the decreased HDL, the elevated glucose, reduced insulin level and impaired OGTT were observed in diabetic rat model. While YLTZ can decrease the lipid levels and glucose content, as well as increased insulin standards and improve OGTT. After data from UPLC/TOF/MS processed, 17 metabolites were obtained, including phospholipids (LPCs, PCs and PGP (18:1)), beta-oxidation production (HAA, VAG and CNE) and precursors (THA), bile acid (CA, CDCA and IDCA), hydrolysate of TG (MG (22:4)), glycometabolism (G6P), cholesterol-driven synthetics (ADO) and production of arachidonate acid (THETA). As a result, YLTZ was able to reduce LPCs, PCs, PGP (18:1), HAA, VAG, CNE, CA, ADO and THETA, as well as enhance MG (22:4) and G6P. After analyzing results, several metabolic pathways were deduced, which containing, cholesterol synthesis and elimination, FA beta-oxidation, TG hydrolysis, phospholipids synthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and inflammation. Consequently, YLTZ performed to prohibit the FA beta-oxidation, synthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids, gluconeogenesis and inflammation level, as well as promote TG hydrolysis, glycolysis and blood circulation. Hence, applying metabonomics in TCM research can uncover its pharmacological edges, elucidating comprehensively that YLTZ has capacity of hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and promoting blood circulation, matching the effect of removing blood stasis, eliminating phlegm and dampness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Cheng Zhuo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Da-Ke Cai
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Kai-Feng Xie
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Hai-Ning Gan
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Sha-Sha Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jun Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Dane Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Cheng-Zhe Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Ru-Yue Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Yu-Xing Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Zeng
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T.C.M., Guangzhou 510095, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China.
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Tyor AK, Pahwa K. Testicular Oxidative Stress and Cellular Deformities in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) from River Yamuna in Delhi Region, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 100:659-664. [PMID: 29497789 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
River Yamuna is under constant menace due to pollution levels beyond limit, ensuing chronic poisoning of aquatic biota. Induction of oxidative stress and cellular deformities is a common effect in fish. The present study aimed in assessing impact of environmental pollutants on gonad (testis) of Clarias gariepinus from Wazirabad barrage (entry site) and Okhla barrage (exit site) of river Yamuna in Delhi segment. Antioxidant enzymes assays viz. Super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TBARS) for determining level of lipid peroxidation and histology for analysis of degenerative changes were employed as biomarkers. The results depicted signs of environmental contamination, hallmarked by significant increase (p < 0.001) in TBARs level (µmol/g wet tissue); significant decrease (p < 0.001) in SOD, CAT (U/mg protein) and FRAP value (U/mg tissue) in response to greater pollution at Okhla barrage as compared to Wazirabad barrage. Degenerative changes viz. unorganized seminiferous tubules, extensive vacuolization in germ cells, inflammatory lesions, greater vacant spaces and condensation of tubular cells prevailed in 75%, 85%, 80%, 80%, and 65% specimens respectively from Okhla barrage. Hence, the selected biomarkers highlighted the existence of greater prooxidative compounds at the exit site resulting in stressful condition for fish in river basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Tyor
- Fish and Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
| | - Kanika Pahwa
- Fish and Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
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Tyor AK, Pahwa K. Pollutants Induced Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Cellular Deformities in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), from River Yamuna in Delhi Region, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2017; 99:33-38. [PMID: 28536798 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the severity of pollution impact at two extreme sites of river Yamuna in Delhi region utilizing oxidative stress, genotoxic and histopathological biomarkers in gonad (ovary) of Clarias gariepinus. To evaluate oxidative stress, TBAR's and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were employed while comet assay and classic histology were used to estimate genotoxicity and cellular damage respectively. The results indicated significant increase (p < 0.001) in TBARs level (µmol/g wet tissue); significant decrease (p < 0.001) in FRAP value (U/mg tissue), significant increase (p < 0.001) in DNA damage and extensive abnormal histoarchitecture in ovarian samples procured from Okhla as compared to Wazirabad barrage. Thus, exposure to the increasing toxicity downstream the river is altering the activity of cellular total antioxidant capacity persuading oxidative stress and cellular damage, eventually distressing the heath of fish fauna directly and humans indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Tyor
- Fish and Fisheries Laboratory, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
- Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India.
| | - Kanika Pahwa
- Fish and Fisheries Laboratory, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
- Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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Zyubin A, Lavrova A, Demin M, Pankina A, Babak S. The data obtained during the analysis of clinical blood samples for children acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with severe side-effects. Data Brief 2017; 11:522-526. [PMID: 28367481 PMCID: PMC5361767 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work contains data obtained during the analysis of blood samples obtained from patients (number: 102, age: 0–2 years old) with confirmed acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis. Among these total number, 48 patients who received a chemotherapy including 9 patients with side-effects were chosen. Final data include a table of protein masses (biomarkers of pathological processes at the chemotherapy) obtained by the MALDI-TOF spectroscopy from blood of 9 chosen patients (0–2 years old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Zyubin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Anastasiya Lavrova
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
- Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnicheskaya 32, Saint-Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Maksim Demin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
| | - Alina Pankina
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
- Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnicheskaya 32, Saint-Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Svetlana Babak
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia
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Choubisa SL, Choubisa D. Status of industrial fluoride pollution and its diverse adverse health effects in man and domestic animals in India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:7244-7254. [PMID: 26903127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrofluorosis in humans and domestic animals is a worldwide health problem and caused by a prolonged period of fluoride exposure through drinking of fluoride contaminated water. But in recent years, due to rapid industrialization in India, diverse serious health problems among industrial workers and residents and domestic animals living in the industrial areas due to fluoride pollution are on the rise. A number of coal-burning and industrial activities such as power-generating stations, welding operations and the manufacturing or production of steel, iron, aluminum, zinc, phosphorus, chemical fertilizers, bricks, glass, plastic, cement, and hydrofluoric acid are generally discharging fluoride in both gaseous and particulate/dust forms into surrounding environments which create a industrial fluoride pollution and are an important cause of occupational exposure to fluoride in several countries including India. An industrial emitted fluoride contaminates not only surrounding soil, air, and water but also vegetation, crops and many other biotic communities on which man and animals are generally dependants for food. Long- time of inhalation or ingestion of industrial fluoride also causes serious health problems in the forms of industrial and neighborhood fluorosis. In India, whatever research works conducted so far on the chronic industrial fluoride intoxication or poisoning (industrial and neighborhood fluorosis) in man and various species of domestic animals due to a prolonged period of industrial fluoride exposure or pollution (contamination) are critically reviewed in the present communication. Simultaneously, we are also focused the various bio-indicators and bio-markers for chronic industrial fluoride intoxication or pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Lal Choubisa
- Parasitology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government Meera Girls College, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Darshana Choubisa
- Department of Prosthodontics, Pacific Dental College and Research Centre, Bhilo Ka Bedla, Pratap Pura, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India
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