1
|
Hong H, Eom TH, Trinh TTT, Tuan BD, Park H, Yeo SJ. Identification of breeding habitats and kdr mutations in Anopheles spp. in South Korea. Malar J 2023; 22:381. [PMID: 38104158 PMCID: PMC10724954 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is still endemic in South Korea. However, limited information is available on the current Anopheles breeding sites and the occurrence of insecticide resistance-associated genetic mutations and their distribution needed to control the malaria vector efficiently. METHODS This study explored breeding sites of Anopheline adults in Gimpo-si, near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in Gyeonggi-do province, South Korea, from 2022 to 2023. Genetic diversity was investigated based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and knockdown resistance (kdr) genes of Anopheles mosquitoes. A natural environment associated with the seasonal abundance of Anopheles larvae was characterized. RESULTS Two breeding sites of Anopheles larvae and adults were found at a stream margin or shallow freshwater near the forest in Wolgot-myeon in Gimpo-si without cattle shed within 1 km and in Naega-myeon in Ganghwa-gun with cow shed within 100 m in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Both sites were located between the newly cultivated lands and the forest. Besides, both breeding sites were in the valley at a slight elevation of 60-70 m from ground lands and maintained the shadow all day. Overall, the Wolgot-myeon breeding site showed various Anopheles spp. larvae, including Anopheles sinensis. Naega-myeon, an additional breeding site found in 2023, had Anopheles sineroides larvae, and approximately 59.7% (89/149) of An. sinensis adults inhabited within a 100-m distance. The total collection, including larvae and adults, revealed that An. sinensis, Anopheles pullus, Anopheles kleini, An. sineroides, Anopheles belenrae, and Anopheles lindesayi accounted for 44.2% (118/267), 0.7% (2/267), 0.7% (2/267), 22.1% (59/267), 1.9% (5/267), and 30.3% (81/267), respectively. Furthermore, various kdr mutant genotypes (F/F, C/C, L/F, L/C and F/C) in An. sinensis, and the first kdr allele mutant (L/F1014) in An. belenrae were identified in South Korea. CONCLUSIONS Two breeding sites of Anopheles larvae were studied in Wolgot-myeon and Naega-myeon. Various Anopheles spp. larvae were detected in both habitats, but overall, An. sinensis was the most prevalent adults in both study sites. The occurrence of kdr allele mutant of An. belenrae in South Korea was reported. Rigorous larvae monitoring of Anopheles spp., continuously updating information on Anopheles breeding sites, and understanding the environmental conditions of Anopheles habitats are required to develop an effective malaria control programme in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyelee Hong
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hui Eom
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuy-Tien Thi Trinh
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bao Duong Tuan
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-Daero, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-Daero, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ju Yeo
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Caasi JAS, Guerrero AL, Yoon K, Aquino LJC, Moore A, Oh H, Rychtář J, Taylor D. A mathematical model of invasion and control of coconut rhinoceros beetle Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) in Guam. J Theor Biol 2023; 570:111525. [PMID: 37207719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), is one of the most damaging pests to coconut palms causing severe economic harm. Its expansion from Asia to the Pacific in the early 20th century has been stopped by virus control. However, a new haplotype CRB-Guam has recently escaped this control and invaded Guam, other Pacific islands, and has even established itself in the Western Hemisphere. In this paper, we present a compartmental ODE model of CRB population and control. We carefully consider CRB life stages and its interplay with coconut palms as well as "the green waste", the organic matters used by CRB for breeding sites. We calibrate and validate the model based on data count of CRBs trapped in Guam between 2008 and 2014. We derive the basic reproduction number determining the CRB population growth without any control measures. We also identify control levels required to eliminate CRBs. We show that, in the absence of viable virus control, the sanitation, i.e., the removal of the green waste is the most efficient way to control the population. Our model predicts that the sanitation efforts need to roughly double from the current levels to eliminate CRB from Guam. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a rare event like Typhoon Dolphin that hit Guam in 2015 can lead to a quick rise of the CRB population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jovic Aaron S Caasi
- Division of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU, 96923, USA.
| | - Alex Leon Guerrero
- St. John's School, Tamuning, GU 96913, USA; School of Engineering, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA(1).
| | - Kangsan Yoon
- Harvest Christian Academy, Barrigada, GU 96921, USA.
| | | | - Aubrey Moore
- Division of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA.
| | - Hyunju Oh
- Division of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU, 96923, USA.
| | - Jan Rychtář
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Dewey Taylor
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ayisi F, Sedou N, Dieunang SK, Yaya F, Tchago EF, Ndellejong CE, Biholong B, Boakye DA. A cross-sectional study of Simulium damnosum sensu lato breeding sites and species distribution in Sudan savanna, mixed savanna-forest and rainforest regions in Cameroon. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:382. [PMID: 36271434 PMCID: PMC9587638 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05462-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of breeding sites and distribution of species of Simulium damnosum sensu lato are critical in understanding the epidemiology of onchocerciasis and evaluating the impact of elimination interventions. Reports on breeding sites and species distribution of members of S. damnosum s.l. in Cameroon are scarce and the few ones available date back to more than three decades. The aim of this study is to provide information on S. damnosum breeding sites across the rainy (RS) and dry (DS) seasons and the species composition in three different regions in Cameroon: Southwest (SW), Northwest (NW) and North (N). Methods A cross-sectional two-season study was carried out in three regions with different ecological characteristics (SW—rainforest; NW—mixed forest–Guinea savanna; N—Sudan savanna). Pre-control onchocerciasis endemicity, relief maps and historical entomological information were used to identify potential rivers for purposive sampling. Sampled larvae were fixed in Carnoy’s solution and sorted, and S. damnosum s.l. larvae were stored until identification by cytotaxonomy. Geographical coordinates of potential breeding sites were recorded to produce maps using ArcGIS, while Chi-square tests in SPSS were used to test for any differences between black fly seasonal breeding rates. Results A total of 237 potential breeding sites were sampled (RS = 81; DS = 156) and 72 were found positive for S. damnosum s.l. The SW had the most positive sites [67 (RS = 24; DS = 43)], with a significant difference in the rate of breeding between the seasons (P < 0.05). Among 68 sites visited in both seasons, 16 (23.5%) were positive in one of the two seasons with more sites positive in DS(11) than RS(05), 14 (20.6%) and 38 (55.9%) respectively positive and negative in both seasons. Simulium damnosum sensu stricto and S. sirbanum were the main species in the N, while S. squamosum and S. mengense were the predominant species in the NW and SW. Simulium soubrense and S. yahense were uniquely recorded in the SW. Conclusions A comprehensive mapping of breeding sites requires rainy and dry seasons sampling. This study demonstrates that a breeding site survey of S. damnosum s.l. is achievable in forest as well as savanna zones. Not all potential breeding sites are actual breeding sites. Observation of S. soubrense in the SW indicates changes in species composition over time and could affect onchocerciasis epidemiology in this area. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05462-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Ayisi
- National Onchocerciasis Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science (ARPPIS), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Florent Yaya
- National Onchocerciasis Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Benjamin Biholong
- National Onchocerciasis Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Daniel Adjei Boakye
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana. .,The End Fund, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ekanya R, Obie ED, Hamill L, Thorogood S, Abong RA, Njouendou AJ, Amuam A, Ndzeshang BL, Nkimbeng DA, Cho JF, Esum ME, Enyong P, Turner JD, Taylor MJ, Wanji S. The preparatory phase for ground larviciding implementation for chocerciasis control in the Meme River Basin in South West Cameroon: the COUNTDOWN Consortium alternative strategy implementation trial. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:219. [PMID: 35729597 PMCID: PMC9210632 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onchocerciasis control using ivermectin alone has been achieved in some endemic savannah zones of Africa. In the forest regions, the co-endemicity with Loa loa has led to severe adverse events (SAEs) resulting in poor adherence of community members to ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA). This may jeopardize achieving the interruption of transmission of onchocerciasis. Therefore, to accelerate the elimination of onchocerciasis in L. loa co-endemic zones, alternative treatment strategies (ATS) including ground larviciding may be necessary. This study aimed at identifying Simulium breeding sites, cytospecies, transmission profile, susceptibility of Simulium larvae to insecticide (temephos) and identification of some non-target aquatic fauna prior to the implementation of the COUNTDOWN consortium ground larviciding alternative strategy in the Meme River Basin in South West Cameroon. METHODS A topographic map and entomological survey were used to determine breeding sites. Larvae and adults were identified using standard identification keys. Susceptibility tests were carried out on collected larvae by exposing them to decreasing concentrations of temephos and assessing survival rates while the cytospecies were identified using cytotaxonomy. Various entomological indicators were assessed from dissected flies. Fishing was used as proxy to traps to assess some aquatic fauna at different sites. RESULTS Twenty-two breeding sites were prospected in the Meme River Basin with eight productive for larvae. A concentration of 0.5-0.1 mg/l temephos induced 100% larval mortality. As the concentration of temephos decreased from 0.05 to 0.0025 mg/l, mortality of larvae also decreased from 98.7 to 12%. Nine cytospecies were observed in the Meme River Basin; 13,633 flies were collected and 4033 dissected. A total of 1455 flies were parous (36.1%), 224 flies were infected (5.5%), and 64 were infective (1.6%). Aquatic fauna observed included Cyprinus spp., Clarias spp., crabs, tadpoles, beetles and larvae of damsel fly. CONCLUSIONS Onchocerciasis is being actively transmitted within the Meme River Basin. Simulium larvae are susceptible to temephos, and nine cytospecies are present. Non-target fauna observed included fishes, frogs, crabs and insects. Besides treatment with ivermectin, vector control through ground larviciding may be a complementary strategy to accelerate onchocerciasis elimination in the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Relindis Ekanya
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Dibando Obie
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Louise Hamill
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sophie Thorogood
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raphael Awah Abong
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Abdel Jelil Njouendou
- COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Andrew Amuam
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Bertrand Lontum Ndzeshang
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Desmond Akumtoh Nkimbeng
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Jerome Fru Cho
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Mathias Eyong Esum
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Peter Enyong
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Joseph D Turner
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark J Taylor
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
| | - Samuel Wanji
- COUNTDOWN, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon. .,COUNTDOWN, Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment, Buea, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hery L, Guidez A, Durand AA, Delannay C, Normandeau-Guimond J, Reynaud Y, Issaly J, Goindin D, Legrave G, Gustave J, Raffestin S, Breurec S, Constant P, Dusfour I, Guertin C, Vega-Rúa A. Natural Variation in Physicochemical Profiles and Bacterial Communities Associated with Aedes aegypti Breeding Sites and Larvae on Guadeloupe and French Guiana. Microb Ecol 2021; 81:93-109. [PMID: 32621210 PMCID: PMC7794107 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti develop in aquatic habitats in which mosquito larvae are exposed to physicochemical elements and microorganisms that may influence their life cycle and their ability to transmit arboviruses. Little is known about the natural bacterial communities associated with A. aegypti or their relation to the biotic and abiotic characteristics of their aquatic habitats. We characterized the physicochemical properties and bacterial microbiota of A. aegypti breeding sites and larvae on Guadeloupe and in French Guiana. In addition, we explored whether geographic location, the type of breeding site and physicochemical parameters influenced the microbiota associated with this mosquito species. We used large-scale 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 160 breeding sites and 147 pools of A. aegypti larvae and recorded 12 physicochemical parameters at the sampled breeding sites. Ordination plots and multiple linear regression were used to assess the influence of environmental factors on the bacterial microbiota of water and larvae. We found territory-specific differences in physicochemical properties (dissolved oxygen, conductivity) and the composition of bacterial communities in A. aegypti breeding sites that influenced the relative abundance of several bacteria genera (e.g., Methylobacterium, Roseoccocus) on the corresponding larvae. A significant fraction of the bacterial communities identified on larvae, dominated by Herbiconiux and Microvirga genera, were consistently enriched in mosquitoes regardless the location. In conclusion, territory-specific differences observed in the biotic and abiotic properties of A. aegypti breeding sites raise concern about the impact of these changes on pathogen transmission by different A. aegypti populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Hery
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| | - Amandine Guidez
- Vector Control and Adaptation Unit, Cayenne, Institut Pasteur of French Guiana, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana France
| | | | - Christelle Delannay
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| | | | - Yann Reynaud
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| | - Jean Issaly
- Vector Control and Adaptation Unit, Cayenne, Institut Pasteur of French Guiana, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana France
| | - Daniella Goindin
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| | - Grégory Legrave
- Laboratory of Environment and Food Hygiene, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| | - Joel Gustave
- Regional Health Agency of Guadeloupe, Gourbeyre, Guadeloupe France
| | - Stéphanie Raffestin
- Laboratory of Environment and Hygiene, Institut Pasteur of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana France
| | - Sebastien Breurec
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- Hyacinthe Bastaraud Faculty of Medicine, University of Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
- INSERM Centre for Clinical Investigation 1424, Pointe-à-Pitre, Les Abymes France
| | - Philippe Constant
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec Canada
| | - Isabelle Dusfour
- Vector Control and Adaptation Unit, Cayenne, Institut Pasteur of French Guiana, Vectopôle Amazonien Emile Abonnenc, Cayenne, French Guiana France
| | - Claude Guertin
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec Canada
| | - Anubis Vega-Rúa
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han Y, Bai J, Zhang Z, Wu T, Chen P, Sun G, Miao L, Xu Z, Yu L, Zhu C, Zhao D, Ge G, Ruan L. Nest site selection for five common birds and their coexistence in an urban habitat. Sci Total Environ 2019; 690:748-759. [PMID: 31302540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many species of birds gradually adapt to urbanization and colonize cities successfully. However, their nest site selection and competitive relationship in an urban community remain little known. Understanding the impact of urbanization on birds and the competitive relationship has important implications for the conservation and management of wildlife in urban ecosystems. Here, we undertook a systematic study to quantify nests in all species of birds in an urbanizing area of Nanchang, China. A total of 363 nests were detected in surveys including 340 nests of 16 bird species and 23 unidentified species nests. We mainly analyzed 5 dominant breeding birds with a sample size of >10 during the two breeding seasons (From April to July in 2016 and 2017), which included the light-vented bulbul, Chinese blackbird, scaly-breasted munia, spotted dove and grey-capped greenfinch. Most birds (93.66%) nested in the tree of artificial green belts, which seems to be the best breeding habitat for urban birds. Our results suggested that birds' breeding success relies on the trade-off between the benefit and the expense of specific stresses from habitats. The nest site selection of birds is also affected by the life habit of urban predators. Furthermore, competition among species can influence their distributions and utilization of environmental resources when birds nest in cities. We confirmed that the niche differentiation of five bird species in an urban environment makes them coexist successfully by utilizing various resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Han
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Junpeng Bai
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 8 Jiangwangmiao St., Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Guanglong Sun
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Lingwei Miao
- Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhifeng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Liangjie Yu
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Chaoying Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Dongqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Gang Ge
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Luzhang Ruan
- School of Life Sciences, State Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ravasi D, Guidi V, Flacio E, Lüthy P, Perron K, Lüdin S, Tonolla M. Investigation of temperature conditions in Swiss urban and suburban microhabitats for the overwintering suitability of diapausing Aedes albopictus eggs. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:212. [PMID: 29587850 PMCID: PMC5870348 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Switzerland, the invasive Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is firmly established in the Canton of Ticino, south of the Alps. According to a large-scale distribution model developed in 2013, suitable climatic conditions for the establishment of Ae. albopictus north of the Alps are found in Basel and Geneva while Zurich appears to be characterized by winters currently being too cold for survival of diapausing eggs. However, the spatial resolution of large-scale distribution models might not be sufficient to detect particular climatic conditions existing in urban settings, such as the presence of microclimatic temperatures, which may positively influence the probability of diapausing eggs to overwinter. In order to investigate this, microclimatic monitoring of potential diapausing sites (i.e. catch basins) and external controls was performed in January 2017 in Ticino and within the cities of Basel, Geneva and Zurich. RESULTS Mean January temperatures in catch basins of Basel, Geneva and Zurich were always higher than the -1 °C temperature threshold previously set for survival probability of diapausing eggs, while mean January temperatures were below -1 °C in several catch basins south of the Alps, where Ae. albopictus eggs currently overwinter. The catch basin absolute January daily minimum temperatures both south and north of the Alps were in general higher than the external control temperatures. Absolute January daily minimum temperatures in catch basins in Basel, Geneva and Zurich were always above -10 °C, indicating that diapausing Ae. albopictus eggs could potentially survive winter nights in urban areas north of the Alps. CONCLUSIONS The findings confirmed previous conclusions that urban catch basins can provide favourable conditions for overwintering of diapausing eggs compared to more cold-exposed sites. The results confirmed the presence of suitable winter conditions for the establishment of Ae. albopictus in the cities of Basel and Geneva. In addition, the microclimate-scale analysis added new information compared to the previous large-scale prevision model by showing that also the city of Zurich could provide winter conditions suitable for the establishment of Ae. albopictus. This illustrates the importance of the resolution of climate data in using models to predict Ae. albopictus distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damiana Ravasi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Guidi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Flacio
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Peter Lüthy
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Perron
- Microbiology Unit, Plant Biology Department, Sciences III University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Lüdin
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Microbiology Unit, Plant Biology Department, Sciences III University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Federal Office for Civil Protection, Spiez Laboratory, Biology Division, 3700 Spiez, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Tonolla
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Microbiology Unit, Plant Biology Department, Sciences III University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nissen A, Cook J, Loha E, Lindtjørn B. Proximity to vector breeding site and risk of Plasmodium vivax infection: a prospective cohort study in rural Ethiopia. Malar J 2017; 16:380. [PMID: 28927422 PMCID: PMC5605991 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite falling incidence and mortality since the turn of the century, malaria remains an important global health challenge. In the future fight against malaria, greater emphasis will have to be placed on understanding and addressing malaria caused by the Plasmodium vivax parasite. Unfortunately, due to years of neglect and underfunding, there are currently many gaps in knowledge of P. vivax malaria. The aims of the present study were to explore the association between distance to vector breeding site and P. vivax infection in rural Ethiopia, and, secondarily, to test whether this association varies with age. Methods A prospective, cohort study of all residents in the Chano Mille Kebele in southern Ethiopia from April 2009 to March 2011 (n = 8121). Weekly household follow up visits included screening for febrile cases (active surveillance). Participants were also asked to contact the local health centre if they experienced subjective fever between visits (passive surveillance). Plasmodium vivax infection was confirmed using microscopy by two independent readers. Information was collected on demographics and household characteristics including GPS-determined distance to vector breeding site. Data was analysed using Cox regression modelling. Results Overall the P. vivax infection rate was 12.3/1000 person-years (95% CI 10.5–14.5). Mean household distance to breeding site was 2449 m (range 1646–3717 m). Fully adjusted results showed very strong evidence of an association between proximity to breeding site and P. vivax infection: rate ratio = 3.47 (95% CI 2.15–5.60; P < 0.001) comparing the group closest to the breeding site (distance < 2100 m; n = 1383) to the group furthest away (distance > 2700 m; n = 2460). There was no evidence that age was an effect modifier in the association. Conclusion Results showed strong evidence that household proximity to vector breeding site is positively associated with P. vivax infection in rural Ethiopia, and that this association is constant across age groups. The findings might influence how net-distribution and indoor residual spraying campaigns are planned, help guide strategies on water resource development by highlighting potential health effects of man-made dams near human habitats, and add to current educational information given to people living close to breeding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nissen
- Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Nydalen, P.O. Box 181, 0409, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jackie Cook
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Eskindir Loha
- School of Public and Environmental Health, Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia
| | - Bernt Lindtjørn
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mattah PAD, Futagbi G, Amekudzi LK, Mattah MM, de Souza DK, Kartey-Attipoe WD, Bimi L, Wilson MD. Diversity in breeding sites and distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected urban areas of southern Ghana. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:25. [PMID: 28086941 PMCID: PMC5237286 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anopheles vectors of malaria are supposedly less common in urban areas as a result of pollution, but there is increasing evidence of their adaptation to organically polluted water bodies. This study characterized the breeding habitats of Anopheles mosquitoes in the two major urban areas in southern Ghana; Accra (AMA) and Sekondi-Takoradi (STMA) Metropolitan Areas, during dry and wet seasons. METHODS Anopheles mosquito larvae were sampled using standard dipping methods to determine larval densities. The origin, nature and stability of 21 randomly selected sites were observed and recorded. Mosquito larvae were reared to adults and Anopheles species identified by both morphological and molecular means. RESULTS Sixty-six percent of Anopheles habitats were permanent and 34% temporal, and 74.5% man-made while 25.5% were natural. Puddles and urban farm sites accounted for over 51% of all Anopheles mosquitoes sampled. The mean larval densities among the habitat types was highest of 13.7/dip for puddles and lowest of 2.3/dip for stream/river, and the variation between densities were significant (P = 0.002). The mean larval densities were significantly higher in the wet season than in the dry season for the two study areas combined (P = 0.0191) and AMA (P = 0.0228). Over 99% of the 5,802 morphologically identified Anopheles species were An. gambiae (s.l.) of which more than 99% of the studied 898 were An. coluzzii (62%) and An. gambiae (s.s.) (34%). Urban farms, puddles, swamps and ditches/ dugouts accounted for approximately 70% of all An. coluzzii identified. Conversely, drains, construction sites, streams/rivers and "others" contributed 80% of all An. gambiae (s.s.) sampled. The wet season had significantly higher proportion of Anopheles larvae compared to the dry season (Z = 8.3683, P < 0.0001). Also, the proportion of Anopheles mosquitoes produced by permanent breeding sites was 61.3% and that of temporary sites was 38.7%. CONCLUSION Taken together, the data suggest that man-made and/ or permanent habitats were the main contributors to Anopheles larval populations in the cities and that regulation of the anthropogenic processes that lead to development of breeding places and proper environmental management can drastically reduce mosquito breeding sites in urban areas of Ghana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Precious A Dzorgbe Mattah
- Institute of Environment and Sanitation Studies (IESS), University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana. .,Directorate of Academic Planning and Quality Assurance (DAPQA), University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Godfred Futagbi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Leonard K Amekudzi
- Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Memuna M Mattah
- Department of Environment and Development Studies, Central University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Dziedzorm K de Souza
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Worlasi D Kartey-Attipoe
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Langbong Bimi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mbida Mbida A, Etang J, Akono Ntonga P, Eboumbou Moukoko C, Awono-Ambene P, Tagne D, Talipouo A, Ekoko W, Binyang J, Tchoffo R, Lehman G, Mimpfoundi R. [New insight into Anopheles coluzzii Coetzee & Wilkerson, 2013 larval ecology in the Wouri estuary, Littoral-Cameroon]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 110:92-101. [PMID: 27783371 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-016-0519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Malaria vectors control is essentially based on the use of insecticides against adult mosquitoes. However because of the development of resistance to insecticides, there is now a renewed interest in the management of larval sources. The aim of the present study was to map and characterize the breeding sites of Anopheles coluzzii in the Wouri river estuary in Cameroon. Larval surveys were carried out between December 2013 and August 2014 in rural areas on the island of Manoka and urban area in Youpwe at Douala. Culicidae breeding sites identified were georeferenced and mapped. Their larval productivity was evaluated by the method of "dipping" and their physicochemical parameters measured by spectrophotometry and oximetry. Culicidae collected larvae were reared in the insectarium to the adult stage. Adult mosquitoes were subjected to morphological identification and those belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex have subsequently been subjected to molecular identification by the PCR-RFLP technique. A total of 240 breeding sites were geo-referenced in the two sites, including 10 types. Abandoned containers and pools were the most frequent breeding sites respectively in Manoka and in Youpwe. After morphological and molecular identification, eleven mosquito species have been identified. Anopheles coluzzii and Culex quinquefasciatus were the most frequent species respectively in Manoka and in Youpwe. Mosquito density was higher in managed gutters and canoes respectively in Manoka and in Youpwe. Culex and Aedes genus were more frequent in the hollow palm and water wells respectively in Manoka and Youpwe. The productivity of breeding sites varied according to the physicochemical parameters. Species richness varied according to the type of breeding site. Anopheles coluzzii was observed for the first time in Cameroon in water storage containers, tires, discarded containers and canoes. This study highlighted diversity in the type of breeding site of An. coluzzii in the Wouri estuary, suggesting the adaptation of this species in its environment. These results could be used to develop an antilarval control strategy in Manoka and in Youpwe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mbida Mbida
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun.
| | - J Etang
- Département des sciences biologiques, Faculté de médecine et des sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Douala, BP 2701, Douala, Cameroun
- Institut de recherche de Yaoundé, Organisation de coordination pour la lutte contre les endémies en Afrique centrale (OCEAC), BP 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - P Akono Ntonga
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - C Eboumbou Moukoko
- Département des sciences biologiques, Faculté de médecine et des sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Douala, BP 2701, Douala, Cameroun
| | - P Awono-Ambene
- Institut de recherche de Yaoundé, Organisation de coordination pour la lutte contre les endémies en Afrique centrale (OCEAC), BP 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - D Tagne
- Laboratoire de biologie générale, Université de Yaoundé I, BP 812, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - A Talipouo
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - W Ekoko
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - J Binyang
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - R Tchoffo
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - G Lehman
- Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes animaux, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun
| | - R Mimpfoundi
- Laboratoire de biologie générale, Université de Yaoundé I, BP 812, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moncaz A, Kirstein O, Gebresellassie A, Lemma W, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Belay S, Hailu A, Warburg A. Sergentomyia spp.: breeding sites in vertisols and peri-domestic habitats in North West Ethiopia. Acta Trop 2014; 137:88-94. [PMID: 24841132 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sand flies belonging to the genus Sergentomyia Franca & Parrot, 1920, are hematophagous insects feeding mostly on reptiles and birds, but some species feed also on mammals including humans. Sergentomyia spp. frequently comprise the vast majority of sand flies trapped along with Phlebotomus spp., the vectors of mammalian leishmaniasis. Within the framework of a project on the ecology and transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia, putative breeding sites of phlebotomine sand flies were studied. Large horizontal sticky traps (LHSTs) covered with sand fly-proof mesh were deployed over cracked vertisol and related habitats for up to 3 nights, and emerging sand flies were collected daily. Emergence traps (ETs) were also adapted to sample other putative breeding sites including tree trunks, termite mounds, rock piles and vertical river banks. Productive breeding sites were identified in the trunks and roots systems of trees, vertisol fields, cracks and burrows in vertisol dry river banks and termite mounds. Emerging flies were also collected form a stone wall and a rock pile situated inside a village. Significantly more Sergentomyia spp. were trapped in vertisols by ETs deployed over root system than in open fields. Similarly, more sand flies emerged from cracks in the vertisol in fallow Sorghum than in fallow sesame fields. Productive breeding sites were characterized by stable micro-climatic conditions. Species composition of emerging sand flies varied with habitat, season and geographical location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Moncaz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oscar Kirstein
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Araya Gebresellassie
- Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wossenseged Lemma
- Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teshome Gebre-Michael
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Meshesha Balkew
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Shewaye Belay
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Mekele University, Mekele, Ethiopia
| | - Asrat Hailu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alon Warburg
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|