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Alhafez IA, Deluigi OR, Tramontina D, Merkert N, Urbassek HM, Bringa EM. Nanoindentation into a bcc high-entropy HfNbTaTiZr alloy-an atomistic study of the effect of short-range order. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9112. [PMID: 38643297 PMCID: PMC11032334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The plastic response of the Senkov HfNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy is explored by means of simulated nanoindentation tests. Both a random alloy and an alloy with chemical short-range order are investigated and compared to the well understood case of an elementary Ta crystal. Strong differences in the dislocation plasticity between the alloys and the elementary Ta crystal are found. The high-entropy alloys show only little relaxation of the indentation dislocation network after indenter retraction and only negligible dislocation emission into the sample interior. Short-range order-besides making the alloy both stiffer and harder-further increases the size of the plastic zone and the dislocation density there. These features are explained by the slow dislocation migration in these alloys. Also, the short-range-ordered alloy features no twinning plasticity in contrast to the random alloy, while elemental Ta exhibits twinning under high stress but detwins considerably under stress relief. The results are in good qualitative agreement with our current knowledge of plasticity in high-entropy alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Alabd Alhafez
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Clausthal University of Technology, Adolph-Roemer Str. 2A, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Orlando R Deluigi
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - Diego Tramontina
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - Nina Merkert
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Clausthal University of Technology, Adolph-Roemer Str. 2A, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Herbert M Urbassek
- Physics Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Eduardo M Bringa
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
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Stannard JT, Stannard JP. Fractures and Dislocations on the Playing Field: Which Are Emergent and What to Do? Clin Sports Med 2023; 42:515-524. [PMID: 37208062 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
High-energy injuries, including fractures and dislocations, are occurring with increasing frequency in athletic competitions with the increasing size and speed of players. Common fractures and dislocations will be discussed in this article. We will evaluate emergent versus routine injuries and discuss appropriate treatment at the athletic venue. Fractures that can be seen with athletic activities include cervical spine; knee osteochondral fractures; tibia, ankle, and clavicle. Dislocations that will be considered include knee, patella, hip, shoulder, sternoclavicular joint, and proximal interphalangeal joint of the finger. These injuries vary significantly both in severity and in the emergent nature of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Stannard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, 1100 Virginia Avenue, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - James P Stannard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, 1100 Virginia Avenue, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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Zhang HX, Zhu Y, Shi XQ. [Posterior cervical pedicle screw rod short-segment internal fixation for the treatment of atlantoaxial fracture and dislocation]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2023; 36:490-4. [PMID: 37211945 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical efficacy of posterior cervical pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation for the treatment of atlantoaxial fracture and dislocation. METHODS The clinical data of 60 patients with atlantoaxial vertebral fracture and dislocation underwent surgery between January 2015 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into study group and control group according to different surgical methods. There were 30 patients in study group, including 13 males and 17 females, with an average age of (39.32±2.85) years old, were underwent short-segment internal fixation with posterior cervical pedicle screws. There were 30 patients in control group, including 12 males and 18 females, with an average age of (39.57±2.90) years old, were underwent posterior lamina clip internal fixation of the atlas. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative ambulation time, hospitalization time and complications between two groups were recorded and compared. The pain visual analogue scale(VAS), Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA) score of neurological function, and fusion status were evaluated between two groups. RESULTS All patients were followed up for at least 12 months. The study group was better than control group in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative off-bed activity time, and hospital stay (P=0.000). One case of respiratory tract injury occurred in study group. In control group, 2 cases occurred incision infection, 3 cases occurred respiratory tract injury, and 3 cases occurred adjacent segmental joint degeneration. The incidence of complications in study group was lower than that in control group (χ2=4.705, P=0.030). At 1, 3, 7 days after operation, VAS of study group was lower than that of control group(P=0.000). At 1, 3 months after operation, JOA score of study group was higher than that of control group(P=0.000). At 12 months after operation, all the patients in the study group achieved bony fusion. In control group, there were 3 cases of poor bony fusion and 3 cases of internal fixation fracture, the incidence rate was 20.00%(6/30). The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.629, P=0.031). CONCLUSION Posterior cervical short-segment pedicle screw fixation for atlantoaxial fracture and dislocation has the advantages of less trauma, shorter operation time, fewer complications, and less pain, and can promote the recovery of nerve function as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Zhang
- The First Department of Spinal Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Hennan Province, Henan provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- The First Department of Spinal Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Hennan Province, Henan provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Xiang-Qin Shi
- The First Department of Spinal Surgery, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Hennan Province, Henan provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
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Nana TC, Jules TM, Divine MM, Ndiformuche Z, Horline BT, Ngowo NM, Fokam P, Weledji EP. Neglected simultaneous bilateral asymmetric traumatic hip dislocation in a young male managed by closed reduction manoeuvres in a resource-limited setting: A case report. Trauma Case Rep 2023; 44:100782. [PMID: 36844024 PMCID: PMC9947011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2023.100782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asymmetric bilateral hip dislocations are rare, representing approximately 0.01 %-0.02 % of all joint dislocations. The treatment of neglected hip dislocations is difficult or impossible by closed reduction manoeuvres. This is a report of an unusual clinical entity of neglected simultaneous bilateral asymmetric traumatic hip dislocations in a young male, managed by closed reduction manoeuvres. Case presentation This is the case of a 29-years-old male who presented with neglected simultaneous bilateral asymmetric traumatic hip dislocations 5 weeks post injury. His condition was managed by closed reduction manoeuvres due to financial constraints. Under spinal anaesthesia, the left hip was successfully reduced. Due to an associated posterior acetabular wall fracture, the presence of osteo-chondral fragments and labral lesions, adequate reduction of the right hip was not achieved. The functional Harris Hip Score (HHS) of the left hip improved on every subsequent follow-up visits at the clinic from 70 at day 45 to 86 at day 90. The HHS of the right hip was poor at day 45 but however increased to 90 after total hip replacement was done. Conclusions This is an unusual case of neglected simultaneous bilateral asymmetric traumatic hip dislocations in a young male, managed by closed reduction manoeuvres. Closed reduction of such injury is difficult and seldom successful with uncertain long term functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophile Chunteng Nana
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon,Department of Surgery, Regional Hospital Limbe, South-west Region, Cameroon,Corresponding author at: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Tagakou Mboula Jules
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Mokake Martins Divine
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Ngomba Maryl Ngowo
- Department of Surgery, Regional Hospital Limbe, South-west Region, Cameroon
| | - Pius Fokam
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Elroy Patrick Weledji
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon,Department of Surgery, Regional Hospital Limbe, South-west Region, Cameroon
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Song YP, Shi XG, Hu WR, Ma HH, Xing S, Wu XN. [Manual reduction of severe cervical fracture and dislocation combined with anterior and posterior surgery under general anesthesia:a case report and literature review]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2023; 36:64-7. [PMID: 36653009 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Peng Song
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Ge Shi
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Ran Hu
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Hao-Hao Ma
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Xing
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wu
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
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Bue M, Jakobsen SS, Barckman J, Tábori-Jensen S. Dislocation rate, revisions and other complications of primary cemented hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures: a single-center cohort study of 743 unselected hips with a mean 2.7-year follow-up. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:3797-802. [PMID: 34779885 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence of whether to use hemiarthroplasty (HA) or total hip arthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures (FNF) is still widely debated, especially when taking ambulatory status, age, and patient cognitive status into account. The current study aims to report the rates of dislocations, revisions and other complications for primary cemented HA in patients with displaced FNF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-center retrospective follow-up study of an unselected historic cohort. 743 consecutive hips (551 W and 192 M) at mean (SD) age of 83.6 (8.4) years received primary cemented HA for displaced FNF by posterolateral surgical approach between January 2012 and December 2019. Patient files and radiographs were evaluated for dislocations, revisions, and other complications until death or end of the follow-up period, and the educational level of the surgeon was noted. RESULTS During a mean (SD) follow-up period of 2.7 (2.2) years, there were 6.1% (n = 45) dislocations, in which 82% (first dislocation) appeared within the first 30 postoperative days, and 51% (n = 23) of the dislocations requiring subsequent surgery. At the time of the last available follow-up, 57% (n = 421) of the patients were dead. A non-dislocation related revision was needed in 3.4% (n = 25) of the patients [in which infection accounted for 40% (n = 10) and traumatic periprosthetic fracture for 32% (n = 8)]. Thirty-day mortality was 9.2% and 1-year mortality 25.8%. There were no differences in patient's age, gender, or educational level of the surgeon between the dislocation and the no dislocation groups. Patients aged < 70 years presented with a higher dislocation rate (p < 0.001) than the patients aged > 70 years. CONCLUSION Primary HA presents a safe and robust approach with acceptable complication rates in a genuine unselected cohort of displaced FNF, particularly for patients aged > 70.
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Gnanasekaran L, Priya AK, Vasseghian Y, Ansar S, Soto-Moscoso M. Existence of Ti 3+ and dislocation on nanoporous CdO-TiO 2 heterostructure applicable for degrading chlorophenol pollutant. Environ Res 2022; 214:113889. [PMID: 35843276 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the significance of wastewater recuperation by a simple and facile treatment process known as photocatalyst technology using visible light. Titanium di-oxide (TiO2) is the most promising photocatalyst ever since longing decades, has good activity under UV light, owing to its small band gap. Hence, TiO2 has been modified with metal oxides for the positive response against visible light. Since this is an efficient process, the novelty has been made on nanometal oxide CdO (cadmium oxide) combined with TiO2 to acquire the best efficiency of degrading organic chlorophenol contaminant. Initially, the composites were synthesized by sol-gel and thermal decomposition methods and investigated for their various outstanding properties. The characterized outcomes have exhibited heterostructures with reduced crystallite size from the X-ray diffraction studies. Then, the determination of nanoporous feature was recognized through HR-TEM analysis which was also detected with some dislocations. The EDX spectrum was identified the perfect elemental composition. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption equilibrium was attained that offers many pores measured with high surface area. The XPS result convinced that Ti3+ was accessible along with TIO2/CdO composite. Further the absorption towards higher wavelength was obtained from UV-vis spectra. Finally, for the photocatalytic application of chlorophenol, the composite shows higher percentage of degrading efficiencies than the pristine TiO2. The photocatalytic mechanism was discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Gnanasekaran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - A K Priya
- Department of Civil Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641027, India
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Sabah Ansar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Agarwal A, Jethwa R, Jain A, Sareen JR, Patel Y. Baksi procedure for habitual dislocation of patella in children - Revisiting the key surgical steps. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2022; 33:101993. [PMID: 36061968 PMCID: PMC9429788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2022.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pes anserinus transfer procedure for habitual dislocation of patella described by Baksi is a biomechanically sound technique with predictable long term results. The dynamic pes anserinus sling counteracts the lateral quadriceps contracture and keeps patella relocated till the vastus medialis activity is restored and takes over. The procedure is especially suitable for children with open physeal growth plates. Moreover, the surgery runs a low complication rate. In the present review, we recapitulated the steps of the procedure to illustrate its surgical basics. We also describe our experience and long term follow up results of 4 cases operated with same technique. The indigenous Baksi's procedure remains a viable option for managing habitual patellar dislocations in pediatric age group with immature skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Agarwal
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, 110031, India
| | - Ravi Jethwa
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, 110031, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, 110031, India
| | - Jatin Raj Sareen
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, 110031, India
| | - Yogesh Patel
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, 110031, India
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Giai Via R, Bosco F, Giustra F, Lavia AD, Artiaco S, Risitano S, Giachino M, Massè A. Acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocation: Conservative vs surgical approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis of current concepts in literature. Injury 2022; 53:3094-3101. [PMID: 35945090 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most appropriate approach, surgical or conservative, for acute Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is still under debate. In literature, similar results have been reported with both treatments. This review aims to analyze the operative and conservative outcomes of acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocation to guide orthopedics in daily practice. MATERIAL/METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA guidelines. A PICOS template was developed. Four databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Medline) were searched, and eligible articles were evaluated according to the Levels of Evidence. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed through the ROBINS-I and the RoB-2. This review was registered in PROSPERO. RESULTS Five studies were included, with 73 and 110 patients treated with conservative and surgical approaches, respectively. Three outcomes, Constant Score (CS), coracoclavicular distance (CCD), and acromioclavicular distance (ACD) were analyzed. Only the acromioclavicular distance was statistically significant in the surgical group over the conservative one (p < 0.05); instead, the other two outcomes demonstrated no statistical difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated statistically significant superiority of the mean ACD score in the radiological follow-up of the surgical group compared to the conservative one. A tendency for better radiological and clinical results, mean CCD and CS scores, respectively, although non statically significant, was reported in the surgical group. High-quality randomized controlled clinical trials should help determine the most appropriate treatment for acute Rockwood type III ACJ dislocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Giai Via
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy.
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Artiaco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Risitano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Giachino
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Italy
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Pacho AP, Rinio M. Recommendations on the preparation of silicon solar cell samples for defect etching. MethodsX 2022; 9:101813. [PMID: 36039191 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the structural defects of silicon such as grain boundaries and dislocations, their spatial distribution and how they impact the resulting solar cell performance often proceed by polishing the sample, etching to reveal the dislocations and grain boundaries, and then scanning the surface to image the defects and record their corresponding positions. While a lot of work has been devoted to developing appropriate etches and how to correlate the etch pits to cell performance, materials pertaining to preparation of samples for defect etching, which is a crucial step to ensure successful imaging and analysis, are limited. This work describes a method of polishing multicrystalline silicon solar cell samples in preparation for defect etching. The method described herein: • Utilizes both mechanical and chemical mechanical polishing. • Can be applied to both fabricated silicon solar cells and as-cut wafers.
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Sun Z, Liu W, Liu H, Li J, Hu Y, Tu B, Wang W, Fan C. A new prognostic nomogram for heterotopic ossification formation after elbow trauma : the Shanghai post-Traumatic Elbow Heterotopic Ossification Prediction (STEHOP) model. Bone Joint J 2022; 104-B:963-971. [PMID: 35909382 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.104b8.bjj-2022-0206.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common complication after elbow trauma and can cause severe upper limb disability. Although multiple prognostic factors have been reported to be associated with the development of post-traumatic HO, no model has yet been able to combine these predictors more succinctly to convey prognostic information and medical measures to patients. Therefore, this study aimed to identify prognostic factors leading to the formation of HO after surgery for elbow trauma, and to establish and validate a nomogram to predict the probability of HO formation in such particular injuries. METHODS This multicentre case-control study comprised 200 patients with post-traumatic elbow HO and 229 patients who had elbow trauma but without HO formation between July 2019 and December 2020. Features possibly associated with HO formation were obtained. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to optimize feature selection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build the new nomogram: the Shanghai post-Traumatic Elbow Heterotopic Ossification Prediction model (STEHOP). STEHOP was validated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration plot. Internal validation was conducted using bootstrapping validation. RESULTS Male sex, obesity, open wound, dislocations, late definitive surgical treatment, and lack of use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were identified as adverse predictors and incorporated to construct the STEHOP model. It displayed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.80 (95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.84). A high C-index value of 0.77 could still be reached in the internal validation. The calibration plot showed good agreement between nomogram prediction and observed outcomes. CONCLUSION The newly developed STEHOP model is a valid and convenient instrument to predict HO formation after surgery for elbow trauma. It could assist clinicians in counselling patients regarding treatment expectations and therapeutic choices. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(8):963-971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixuan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Juehong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehao Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Lee JK, Hwang D, Han SH, Lee Y. Complete Occlusion of Radial and Ulnar Arteries Following Hand Crush Injury with Multiple Carpometacarpal Joint Fracture- Dislocations. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2022; 27:376-380. [PMID: 35443882 DOI: 10.1142/s2424835522720122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple dorsal fracture-dislocations of the carpometacarpal joints (CMCJ) occur from very high-energy trauma and are often associated with soft tissue injury or ischaemia. We report a 54-year-old male manual worker and a smoker who presented to the emergency room with history of compression of his right hand in a press machine. Radiographs showed dorsal fracture-dislocations of the scapho-trapezio-trapezoidal and third to fifth CMCJ's. Despite emergent Guyon canal and carpal tunnel release and closed reduction and pinning, skin pallor persisted in all digits. Brachial angiography revealed total occlusion of the radial and ulnar arteries and loss of the palmar arch at the level of the fracture. Heparin and Alprostadil were injected directly. On follow-up angiography three weeks later, the vessels were still occluded and collaterals provided digital circulation. Although digital sensations recovered, cold intolerance and stiffness resulted in a poor functional outcome. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ku Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Daehyun Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Younghun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Altingövde O, Mishchuk A, Ganeeva G, Oveisi E, Hebert C, Fua P. 3D reconstruction of curvilinear structures with stereo matching deep convolutional neural networks. Ultramicroscopy 2022; 234:113460. [PMID: 35121280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Curvilinear structures frequently appear in microscopy imaging as the object of interest. Crystallographic defects, i.e dislocations, are one of the curvilinear structures that have been repeatedly investigated under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their 3D structural information is of great importance for understanding the properties of materials. 3D information of dislocations is often obtained by tomography which is a cumbersome process since it is required to acquire many images with different tilt angles and similar imaging conditions. Although, alternative stereoscopy methods lower the number of required images to two, they still require human intervention and shape priors for accurate 3D estimation. We propose a fully automated pipeline for both detection and matching of curvilinear structures in stereo pairs by utilizing deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) without making any prior assumption on 3D shapes. In this work, we mainly focus on 3D reconstruction of dislocations from stereo pairs of TEM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Altingövde
- Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
| | - Anastasiia Mishchuk
- Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Gulnaz Ganeeva
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Cecile Hebert
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Pascal Fua
- Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
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Schönenberger T, Huang P, Brun LD, Guanghao L, Magrez A, Carbone F, Rønnow HM. Direct Visualisation of Skyrmion Lattice Defect Alignment at Grain Boundaries. Nanoscale Res Lett 2022; 17:20. [PMID: 35089439 PMCID: PMC8799828 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to directly visualise a statistical analysis of skyrmion defect alignment at grain boundaries in the skyrmion host [Formula: see text]OSeO3. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we collected large data sets with several hundreds of frames containing skyrmion lattices with grain boundaries in them. To address the behaviour of strings of dislocations in these grain boundaries, we developed an algorithm to automatically extract and classify strings of dislocations separating the grains. This way we circumvent the problem of having to create configurations with well-defined relative grain orientations by performing a statistical analysis on a dynamically rearranging image sequence. With this statistical method, we are able to experimentally extract the relationship between grain boundary alignment and defect spacing and find an agreement with geometric expectations. The algorithms used can be extended to other types of lattices such as Abrikosov lattices or colloidal systems in optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schönenberger
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lawrence D. Brun
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Guanghao
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Magrez
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Henrik M. Rønnow
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Golshteyn G, Katsman A. Pediatric Trauma. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2022; 39:57-71. [PMID: 34809795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries of the lower limb are frequent in pediatric patients and represent the most common cause of emergency department admissions. Acute sports-related injuries commonly involve the lower extremity, as the knee and ankle are the most frequently injured parts. Physeal fractures are common injuries in children and adolescents participating in contact sports, which may lead to growth disturbances and cause limb length discrepancy. It is imperative for pediatric trauma centers to implement evidence-based multispecialty protocols for the perimanagement of the injured child, especially through the postdischarge and rehabilitation phases, in order for the child to resume active daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Golshteyn
- The Pediatric Orthopedic Center, 218 Ridgedale Ave #101, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA.
| | - Anna Katsman
- The Pediatric Orthopedic Center, 218 Ridgedale Ave #101, Cedar Knolls, NJ 07927, USA
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16
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Li YZ, Yang JJ, Guo DM, Gao X, Liu XN. [Minimally invasive treatment of rare MooreⅡknee fracture and dislocation with arthroscopic follow up:a case report]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021; 34:1179-1181. [PMID: 34965638 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zhi Li
- Orthopedic Center, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Orthopedic Center, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - De-Ming Guo
- Orthopedic Center, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Orthopedic Center, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Liu
- Orthopedic Center, the 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
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Smoak JB, Kluczynski MA, DiPaola M, Zuckerman JD. Chronic glenohumeral dislocations treated with arthroplasty: a systematic review. JSES Rev Rep Tech 2021; 1:335-343. [PMID: 37588708 PMCID: PMC10426476 DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the clinical outcomes and associated predictors of outcomes for chronic glenohumeral dislocations treated with arthroplasty. Methods A systematic literature search was performed with Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, BIOSIS, and CINAHL databases from the inception of these databases through January 1, 2021 to identify all articles that examined outcomes or predictors of outcomes of arthroplasty in patients with chronic glenohumeral dislocations. Studies that examined outcomes for patients with a chronic glenohumeral dislocation (≥3 weeks) treated with hemiarthroplasty, anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty were included. Those with acute or subacute dislocations (<3 weeks), fracture dislocations, and those treated with joint preserving treatment modalities were excluded. Results We identified 195 articles; of which, 22 (201 patients/205 shoulders) met our inclusion criteria. A total of 14 studies reported outcomes of hemiarthroplasty, 10 studies reported outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, and 9 studies reported outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. All studies documented clinical improvement after arthroplasty. Among 16 studies that measured range of motion, all 16 studies demonstrated improvement in range of motion postoperatively. Thirty-one reoperations (15%) were performed across all studies. Conclusion We found improved clinical outcomes after arthroplasty for the treatment of chronic glenohumeral fewer dislocations at a long-term follow-up. Some evidence suggests that reverse total shoulder arthroplasty may have superior outcomes and less complications compared with hemiarthroplasty and anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty. There is insufficient evidence regarding the potential influence that duration of dislocation, direction of dislocation, addition of concomitant procedures, or humeral component retroversion have on outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason B. Smoak
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Matthew DiPaola
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Chen G, Liu J, Dong Z, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Cao J. Understanding mechanisms of shape memory function deterioration for nitinol alloy during non-equilibrium solidification by electron beam. J Adv Res 2021; 33:99-108. [PMID: 34603781 PMCID: PMC8463961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As an important advanced functional material, the memory effect of nitinol shape memory alloy (SMA) is the focus of research. According to the current research, the memory function of the alloy decreases after welding, and there is no sufficient explanation for the phenomenon. Objectives For the problem, this research is to explore the underlying causes of the decrease of shape memory function after welding by analyzing the microstructure and micro defects. Methods The vacuum electron beam welding tests of 1 mm thick Ni50Ti50 alloy plate was carried out to determine the appropriate welding process parameter. And the shape memory function of the welded joint was compared with that of the base metal to analyze the change of memory function. Results It was found that the shape memory function of the welded joint decreased significantly under different strain variables. And the phase transition temperature also changed. Conclusions This was due to the micro stress field produced by non-equilibrium solidification in molten pool promoted the formation and propagation of dislocations, increasing the dislocation density in the martensite. Dislocations entangled with each other in the martensite, showing a grid-like distribution, which destroyed the integrity of martensite substructure. At the same time, the twin substructure of martensite was often accompanied by vacancies, dislocations, stacking faults, and a consequently large stress field formed between twin planes due to lattice distortion. Secondary twin was identified inside martensite under micro shear stress, where the martensite showed the bending state. The habitual relationship between martensite phase and parent phase was destroyed, resulting in the decrease of shape memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Junpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhibo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Yuxing Zhao
- Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Binggang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Corresponding author.
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Sircana G, Saccomanno MF, Mocini F, Campana V, Messinese P, Monteleone A, Salvi A, Scaini A, Megaro A, Milano G. Anatomic reconstruction of the acromioclavicular joint provides the best functional outcomes in the treatment of chronic instability. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:2237-48. [PMID: 32458032 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review the outcomes of surgical treatments of chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS Studies were identified by electronic databases (Ovid, PubMed). All studies reporting functional and radiological outcomes of surgical treatments of chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocations were included. Following data were extracted: authors and year, study design, level of evidence, number of patients, age, classification of acromioclavicular joint dislocation, time to surgery, surgical technique, follow-up, clinical and imaging outcomes, complications and failures. Descriptive statistics was used, when a data pooling was not possible. Comparable outcomes were pooled to generate summary outcomes reported as frequency-weighted values. Quality appraisal was assessed through the MINORS checklist. RESULTS Fourty-four studies were included for a total of 1020 shoulders. Mean age of participants was 38 years. Mean follow-up was 32.9 months. Arthroscopic techniques showed better results than open approach (p < 0.0001). Synthetic reconstructions demonstrated better functional outcomes compared to internal fixation and biologic techniques (p < 0.0001). Among biologic techniques, combined coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular ligaments reconstruction showed better Constant (p = 0.0270) and ASES (p = 0.0113) scores compared to isolated coracoclavicular ligaments reconstruction; anatomic biologic non-augmented graft reconstruction showed better Constant (p < 0.0001), VAS (p < 0.0001) and SSV (p = 0.0177) results compared to augmented techniques. No differences in functional outcomes could be found between anatomic biologic non-augmented graft versus synthetic reconstructions. Overall, methodological quality of the included studies was low. CONCLUSION Anatomic reconstructions, both synthetic and biologic, showed the best functional results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Xing JS, Lu MF, Zhao LL, Fu CY, He LL. [Arthroscopic Bankart repair combined with Reimplissage for the treatment of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder in adults with Hill-Sachs defect]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021; 34:497-503. [PMID: 34180165 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the method and clinical effects of the treatment of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder with Hill-Sachs injury by arthroscopic Bankart repair and Remplissage. METHODS From March 2016 to March 2019, 106 patients with recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder with glenoid bone defect less than 20% underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair, including 76 males and 30 females, aged from 18 to 45 (27.3±8.6) years, 59 cases of left shoulder and 47 cases of right shoulder. Range of motion (ROM), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons(ASES) score, Constant-Murley score and Rowe score were used to evaluate shoulder functionand stability before and after operation. RESULTS All patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 21 to 60 months, with a mean of (41.5± 8.5) months. One patient developed infection after operation, and the infection was controlled after arthroscopic debridement again. The remaining patients did not have clinical complications such as infection, intra articular hematocele and redislocation. Shoulder flexion and lifting increased from (158.33±15.72) ° preoperatively to (169.43±10.04) ° at the latest follow up, and internal rotation changed from T7 (T4 to T10) preoperatively to T8 (T5 to T10) at the latest follow up;the average lateral external rotation and abduction 90 ° external rotation decreased from (58.46±15.51) ° preoperatively and (99.37±14.09) ° to (53.18±14.90) ° and (92.52±13.10) ° at the latest follow up, respectively. The ASES score, Constant -Murley score and Rowe score were significantly improved. CONCLUSION The clinical effect of rehabilitation of Bankart repair combined with Remplissageunder arthroscopy in the treatment of recurrent dislocation of shoulder joint in adults with Hill-Sachs defect is satisfactory. Although the external rotation function is weaker than that before operation, it can effectively reconstruct the shoulder function and avoid the occurrence ofdislocation after operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Si Xing
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Feng Lu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Lian Zhao
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chu-Ying Fu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Lei He
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
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Cai GP, Xu CL, Deng B, Hong HX, Liang JB, Lin L. [Novel sternoclavicular hook-plate for treatment of proximal clavicle fracture with dislocation of sternoclavicular joint]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021; 34:563-7. [PMID: 34180179 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of a novel sternoclavicular hook-plate for treatment of proximal clavicle fracture with dislocation of sternoclavicular joint. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 13 cases of proximal clavicle fracture with dislocation of sternoclavicular joint treated with sternoclavicular hook-plate from June 2011 to January 2019 in our department. There were 9 males and 4 females, aged 26 to 78 years old, with an average age of (54.08±13.91) years old. All the patients had closed injuries without damage of blood vessels and nerves. The patient's operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay time, and postoperative complications were recorded. Fracture healing and reduction were evaluated according to X-ray and CT after operation. Constant-Murley score and Rockwood sternoclavicular joint score were used to evaluate limb function at 12 months after operation. RESULTS All the patients were treated with sternoclavicular hook-plate. The operation time ranged from 50 to 76 min, with a mean of (54.08±13.91) min. The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 20 to 56 ml, with a mean of (46.08±11.15) ml. The hospital stay time ranged from 6 to 14 d, with a mean of (8.31±2.32) d. X-ray and CT examination on the second day after operation showed that all fractures and dislocations were anatomically reduced, and shoulder joint function exercise was performed early. All patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 24 months, with a mean of (16.77±4.63) months. The healing time ranged from 9 to 13 d, with a mean of (11.00±1.75) d;and the bone healing time ranged from 3 to 4 months, with a mean of (3.65±0.46) months. There were no complications such as infection, internal fixation failure and nerve injury. At 12 months follow-up, the constant Murley score ranged from 78 to 100, with a mean of 87.83± 11.26; and Rockwood score ranged from 9 to 15, with a mean of 13.70±1.85. Among them, 11 cases were excellent, 1 case was good, and 1 case was general. CONCLUSION The use of the novel sternoclavicular hook-plate for treatment of proximal clavicle fracture with dislocation of sternoclavicular joint is an effectively internal fixation with high safety, allowing early functional exercise for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Cai
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Li Xu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua-Xing Hong
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Bo Liang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lie Lin
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
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Schneider L, Châtain F, Estour G, Ramos-Pascual S, Nover L, Bonin N. Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a Hemispherical Uncemented Dual-Mobility Cup Results in Satisfactory Clinical Outcomes and No Dislocations at 2 years. Arthroplast Today 2021; 9:93-97. [PMID: 34136611 PMCID: PMC8181579 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors performed total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a novel hemispherical dual-mobility (DM) acetabular cup without a protrusive cylindro-spherical rim, intended to reduce risks of iliopsoas impingement without requiring changes to conventional intraoperative positioning as with unipolar cups. We aim to determine clinical scores and rates of dislocations, complications, and revisions of this hemispherical DM cup, with the hypothesis that this novel design would result in clinical scores and dislocation rates comparable to other contemporary DM cups with protrusive cylindro-spherical rims. METHODS We assessed 332 consecutive uncemented THAs performed using a hemispherical DM cup, at a minimum 2-year follow-up, using modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and Oxford Hip Score (OHS), and noting complications and revisions. Regression analyses were conducted to determine if mHHS and OHS depended on any independent factors. RESULTS At 2.8 ± 0.5 years (range, 2-5), 2 patients (0.6%) had stem and cup revisions, 3 patients (1%) had isolated stem revisions, 13 patients (4%) died, and none were lost to follow-up. No dislocations occurred. For the final cohort of 305 patients (314 hips) with their original implants in place, mHHS was 92 ± 12 (range, 46-100), and OHS was 57 ± 5 (range, 34-60). Multivariable analyses revealed that mHHS and OHS decreased significantly with age (β = -0.35, P < .001, and β = -0.15, P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS With no dislocations and satisfactory clinical scores, this sizable cohort confirms that the novel hemispherical DM cup studied is effective at preventing dislocations, although longer-term follow-up remains necessary to ascertain the longevity of clinical outcomes and radiographic stability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, multicentric retrospective case series.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolas Bonin
- Ramsay Santé, Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Lyon-Ortho-Clinic, France
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Yedla N. Strain controlled fatigue response of large-scale perfect and defect nickel nanowires: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 106:107885. [PMID: 33984817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the response of the nickel nanowire (NW) subjected to constant strain amplitudes in the range of 0.02-0.12 during cyclic deformation is investigated. The studies are carried out using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on perfect and defect nickel NW containing ∼ 925,965 atoms. Embedded atom method (EAM) potential is used to model the interactions between nickel atoms. Initially, tensile test is conducted to determine the yield stress and yield strain of the NW at strain rate of 109 s-1 and temperature of 300 K. The yield stress is observed to be 14 GPa and the corresponding strain is 0.17. The cyclic deformation tests are carried out at a temperature of 300 K. During the cyclic deformation at strain amplitudes of 0.02 and 0.04 the plastic deformation features such as slip lines or slip bands do not appear on the surface of the NW's even after 1000 cycles of straining. These features surface when the strain amplitudes are above 0.04 and their density increase with the strain amplitude and cycles. The NWs exhibit asymmetric stress-strain (compression-tension) hysteresis loops at all the strain amplitudes and up to 1000 cycles. The compressive stress is observed to be higher than the tensile stress for all the cycles. The defect nickel NWs have also exhibited similar behavior as that observed in perfect NWs. Further, it is observed that the width of the loops increases with an increase in the strain amplitude and also with the number of cycles due to softening. The NWs did not fracture even after cyclic deformation for 1000 cycles which could be due to the lower strain amplitudes employed in the present study. Cylindrical shape NWs of different sizes are also investigated by subjecting to similar cyclic deformation conditions as above and are found to show similar behavior.
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Li T, Zhao ZJ, Chen KF. [Missed diagnosis of medial clavicle fracture with ipsilateral acromioclavicular joint dislocation:a case report]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021; 34:234-6. [PMID: 33787167 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- Department of Emergency, the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Department of Emergency, the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Kun-Feng Chen
- Department of Emergency, the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
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Wang J, Liu MB, Cui YF. [Treatment of severe acromioclavicular joint dislocation with double strand titanium cable and clavicular hook plate guided by self-made guide device]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2021; 34:237-42. [PMID: 33787168 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical efficacy of titanium cable biomimetic reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament and clavicular hook plate in the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS The clinical data of 39 patients with severe acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation from January 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, 19 patients in double strand titanium cable group, including 13 males and 6 females, aged from 26 to 67 years old; Rockwood classification:10 cases of type Ⅲ, 4 cases of type Ⅳ and 5 cases of type Ⅴ;8 cases of traffic injury and 11 cases of fall injury;the time from injury to operation was 3 to 6 days. There were 20 patients in steel plate group, including 15 males and 5 females, aged from 25 to 71 years old. Rockwood classification:11 cases of type Ⅲ, 4 cases of typeⅣ, 5 cases of type Ⅴ;7 cases of traffic injury, 13 cases of fall injury;the time from injury to operation was 2 to 7 days. The length of incision, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, cost, VAS score before and after operation, and Constant-Murley score before and after operation were compared between two groups. Postoperative X-ray films were taken to observe the reduction and maintenance of acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Complications were recorded. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were followed up for 12 to 14 months. The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the two groups was basically the same. The operation incision in double strand titanium cable group was shorter, the operation time in steel plate group was shorter, and the operation cost in double strand titanium cable group was less. One week and one year after operation, the pain of double strand titanium cable group was less than that of steel plate group. One year after operation, the Constant-Murley score of double strand titanium cable group was higher than that of steel plate group. The postoperative X-ray showed that the acromioclavicular joint in double strand titanium cable group was well reduced, and there was 1 case with slight reduction loss. In the plate group, there was no reduction loss after removal of the clavicular hook plate, and 8 patients had distal clavicular bone atrophy or acromion bone resorption. In steel plate group, 4 cases had long-term postoperative pain, postoperative dysfunction and other complications. CONCLUSION The clinical effect of coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction with double strand titanium cable is better than that of clavicular hook plate in the treatment of severe acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation, with less trauma (no secondary operation) and lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiaoshan First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 311201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiaoshan First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 311201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong-Feng Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiaoshan First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 311201, Zhejiang, China
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Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Eschweiler J, Quack V, Tingart M, Driessen A. Lateral retinacular release combined with MPFL reconstruction for patellofemoral instability: a systematic review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021; 141:283-292. [PMID: 33315122 PMCID: PMC7886734 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of the lateral retinaculum in patellofemoral instability is still debated. Lateral retinacular release (LRR), has been extensively performed in combination with different surgical procedures, including reconstruction of medio-patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). Despite controversial indications, the results from these studies seem promising. The present study conducts a systematic review about current biomechanical and clinical evidence concerning the role of LRR in combination with MPFL reconstruction. We performed a comprehensive literature research, comparing the outcomes of MPFL reconstruction with and without LRR. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was performed in August 2020. All articles describing the outcome of isolated MPFL reconstruction alone or in combination with a LRR in patients with recurrent patellofemoral instability were considered for inclusion. Only articles reporting data on patients with a minimum of 12-month follow-up were included. Only articles reporting quantitative data under the outcomes of interest were included. RESULTS A total of 63 articles were eligible for this systematic review, including 2131 knees. The mean follow-up was 40.87 ± 24.1 months. All scores of interests improved in favour of the combined group: Kujala + 3.8% (P = 0.01), Lysholm + 4.2% (P = 0.004), Tegner + 0.8 points (P = 0.04), IKDC + 9.8% (P = 0.02). The ROM was comparable between the two groups (P = 0.4). Similarity was found in terms of positivity to the apprehension test (P = 0.05), rate of complications (P = 0.1), re-dislocations (P = 0.8), and revision surgeries (P = 0.1). CONCLUSION There is no evidence that adding a lateral release impacts positively on the outcome of MPFL reconstruction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, Systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA Italy ,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, England ,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG England
| | - Jörg Eschweiler
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Valentin Quack
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Tingart
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Arne Driessen
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Li T, Xiong Y, Zhang Z, Tang X, Li J. [Retrospective analysis on treatment methods and curative effects of reducing the disability rate of multiple ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee joint]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2020; 33:1134-41. [PMID: 33369321 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical effects of individualized repair and reconstruction surgery for multiple ligament injury and dislocation of knee joint based on stage classification diagnosis. METHODS From January 2018 to January 2019, 42 patients with multiple ligament injury and dislocation of the knee joint were treated. There were 27 males and 15 females, aged from 30 to 63 (47.35±11.90) years old, including 17 left knees, 23 right knees and 2 bilateral knees. All patients with multiple ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee joint were classified by stages and improved Schenck diagnosis. Among them, 23 cases were in acute stage (≤3 weeks), 19 cases were in old stage (>3 weeks), 27 cases were type Ⅲ dislocation and type Ⅳ dislocation. There were 9 cases of dislocation and 6 cases of type Ⅵ dislocation. The corresponding repair methods such as closed manipulation and open release reduction, direct suture of ligament, anchor suture, bone penetrating suture, and routine ligament reconstruction were performed. The corresponding "progressive progressive excitation" rehabilitation program was adopted after the operation. After 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks and 3, 6, 9, 12 months after operation, the outpatient consultation and evaluation of knee joint function and stability were completed. The knee joint stability, excellent and good rate, disability rate and complication rate were compared before and after operation. Internation Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) grade, IKDC subjective score, Lysholm score and Tegner score were used to evaluate knee joint function. RESULTS All patients completed the outpatient follow-up and follow-up on schedule. All patients had gradeⅠwound healing, 4 patients had lower extremity venous thrombosis after operation, and there were no serious complications after anticoagulant treatment; 5 patients with common peroneal nerve injury were treated with release surgery and active postoperative rehabilitation, and neurological function gradually recovered. At 12 months after operation, the muscle strength of the affected limb reached grade Ⅴ and the active and passive range of motion recovered to more than 120 degrees. In the acute stage, the IKDC subjective scores were 20.46±12.61, 22.58±16.83, 0.71±1.14, 69.55±16.57, 77.73±15.14 and 3.14±1.67, respectively. One year after operation, IKDC subjective score was 67.04±19.07, Lysholm was 74.87±14.58, Tegner was 3.06±1.70, and 6 of them were grade A. After 12 months, the knee function scores of all patients were significantly improved compared with those before operation(P<0.01). CONCLUSION According to the classification of multiple ligament injuries and dislocations of the knee joint, the corresponding surgical repair and reconstructiontreatment were adopted, and the corresponding rehabilitation program was adopted after the operation. The patients achieved good clinical treatment effect 12 months after operation, and the patients' satisfaction was high, which improved the excellent and good rate of treatment and reduced the disability rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Chouteau J, Rollier JC, Bonnin MP, Saffarini M, Nover L, Chatelet JC, Jacquot L. Absence of instabilities and intra-prosthetic dislocations at 7 to 11 years following THA using a fourth-generation cementless dual mobility acetabular cup. J Exp Orthop 2020; 7:51. [PMID: 32661747 PMCID: PMC7359208 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-020-00265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dual-mobility (DM) cups are increasingly used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) but there lacks literature on their long-term results. We aimed to investigate outcomes of a fourth-generation cementless DM acetabular cup at 7-11 years. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 240 consecutive hips that received cementless THA using the same dual mobility cup (Novae Sunfit TH) and femoral stem (Corail). Patients were recalled at ≥7 years to collect Oxford hip scores (OHS), Harris hip scores (HHS), and inspect for radiolucent lines and granulomas. Multi-variable analyses were performed to determine whether HHS or OHS were associated with pre- or intra-operative variables. RESULTS At 8.4 ± 0.8 years (range, 7-11), 6 hips were revised (2.5%), 54 deceased (22.5%), and 14 could not be reached (5.8%). Four revisions (2 cup+stem, 2 liners only) were due to sepsis (1.7%), one (cup and stem) for trauma (0.4%), and one (stem) due to aseptic loosening (0.4%). For the remaining 166 hips, HHS was 83.6 ± 13.2 and OHS was 20.3 ± 6.7. Multi-variable analysis confirmed that HHS (β = - 0.38; p = 0.039) and OHS (β = 0.36; p < 0.001) worsened with age, and that OHS was worse for Charnley C patients (β = 3.17; p = 0.009). Neither granulomas nor radiolucenies were observed around any cups, but radiolucenies were seen around 25 stems (20.3%). CONCLUSIONS This fourth-generation DM cup demonstrated satisfactory outcomes at 7-11 years, with no instabilities or cup revisions due to aseptic loosening. Better OHS was observed for younger patients and those presenting higher Charnley grade. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, retrospective case study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Chouteau
- Artro Group Institute, Lyon, France.,Clinique d'Argonay, Ramsay Santé, Annecy, France
| | - Jean-Charles Rollier
- Artro Group Institute, Lyon, France.,Clinique d'Argonay, Ramsay Santé, Annecy, France
| | - Michel P Bonnin
- Artro Group Institute, Lyon, France.,Centre Orthopédique Santy, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Ramsay Santé, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Christophe Chatelet
- Artro Group Institute, Lyon, France.,Centre de Chirurgie Orthopédique du Beaujolais, Ramsay Santé, Arnas, France
| | - Laurent Jacquot
- Artro Group Institute, Lyon, France.,Clinique d'Argonay, Ramsay Santé, Annecy, France
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Wang J. The serious full-length forearm injury - a case report and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:381. [PMID: 32539757 PMCID: PMC7296690 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among upper limb injuries, carpal bone fractures and dislocation, Essex-Lopresti injury, and the terrible triad injury of the elbow are serious and relatively rare injuries. These injuries require surgical intervention. The surgical method is difficult, and the treatment effect is poor. These injuries have not been described in the same limb in the literature. Case presentation A 21-year-old male patient fell from a height in our institution and sustained multiple injuries, including carpal bone fracture-dislocation, Essex-Lopresti injury, and the terrible triad injury of the elbow of his right upper limb. After 2 surgeries and rehabilitation, he returned to work. We reviewed available reviews and related literature on serious upper-limb damage. Conclusions Full-length forearm injury is very rarely encountered, and the management of such fractures is difficult. Radial head replacement with a metal prosthesis, reconstructed the IOM with Tightrope, and fixed the DRUJ with a K-wire pin is appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of orthopedic, Xiaoshan 1st People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, China. .,Department of orthopedic, Xiaoshan 1st People's Hospital, No. 199 Shixin Road, Hangzhou, 311201, Zhejiang Province, China.
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30
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Guan J, Jinag FJ, Zhao H. [Correlation analysis of the influence of direct lateral approach and posterolateral approach on reoperation and dislocation in patients with femoral neck fracture]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2020; 33:43-6. [PMID: 32115923 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the relationship between direct lateral approach and posterolateral approach in the treatment of femoral neck fracture, and to provide reference for the choice of the best approach. METHODS From January 2015 to December 2018, 266 patients with femoral neck fracture underwent hip replacement were selected, including 154 males and 112 females, aged 58 to 74 (69.8±8.1) years. Direct lateral approach and posterolateral approach were used in 133 cases in each group. The difference of reoperation rate and dislocation rate between the two groups was compared. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to evaluate the potential factors of reoperation and dislocation after total hip replacement. RESULTS The rate of reoperation and dislocation in direct lateral approach group was lower than that in posterolateral approach group (P<0.05) . Cox proportional risk regression model showed that posterolateral approach had higher postoperative reoperation rate and dislocation rate than direct lateral approach, and its relative risk ratio (95%CI) was, reoperation[2.65 (1.23- 5.36) , P=0.02]; dislocation[5.15 (1.68-9.15) , P=0.01]. CONCLUSION Posterolateral approach is the influencing factor of reoperation and dislocation after hip replacement. Age, gender, cognitive dysfunction, replacement position, ASA score and other factors have no effect on reoperation and dislocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Guan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ankang People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang-Jie Jinag
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ankang People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ankang People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China
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31
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Sandfeld S, Samaee V, Idrissi H, Groten J, Pardoen T, Schwaiger R, Schryvers D. Datasets for the analysis of dislocations at grain boundaries and during vein formation in cyclically deformed Ni micropillars. Data Brief 2019; 27:104724. [PMID: 31737763 PMCID: PMC6849128 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The dataset together with the corresponding Python scripts and Jupyter notebooks presented in this article are supplementary data for the work presented in Samaee et al., 2019 [1]. The data itself consists of two parts: the simulation data that was used in [1] to analyze the effect of a particular grain boundary on curved dislocations and the precession electron diffraction (PED) strain maps together with post-processed data for analyzing details of the observed dislocation vein structures. Additionally, the complete stress tensor components, which are not shown in [1], have also been included. The data sets are accompanied by Python code explaining the file formats and showing how to post-process the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sandfeld
- Micromechanical Materials Modelling (MiMM), Institute of Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg (TUBAF), Lampadiusstr. 4, 09596, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Vahid Samaee
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hosni Idrissi
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Belgium
| | - Jonas Groten
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von- Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Pardoen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Belgium
| | - Ruth Schwaiger
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von- Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dominique Schryvers
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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Chakrapani SK. Multiscale model to study dislocation dynamics in nonlinear resonance spectroscopy of crystalline solids. Ultrasonics 2019; 96:220-223. [PMID: 30686525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This letter reports on a multi-scale model which captures the dislocation dynamics due to applied vibration stress and its influence on the bulk nonlinear response in a nonlinear resonance spectroscopy experiment. Due to dislocation dynamics, a sinusoidal variation in frequency shift could be observed at the low applied stress range, which was consistent with NRS experiments carried out on cold drawn steel. Using the model, NRS response to "Buck hook" phenomenon was also explored. The results showed that the frequency shift can exhibit three strain regions similar to non-classical nonlinear materials. Further discussions highlight the non-classical nonlinear nature of crystalline solids with lattice defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kishore Chakrapani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Migliorini F, Rath B, Tingart M, Niewiera M, Eschweiler J. Distal alignment procedures for patellofemoral instability: comprehensive review of the literature. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2019; 29:1579-88. [PMID: 31123829 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-019-02451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Patellofemoral disorders are a common cause of complaint in adolescent patients. Several distal realignment procedures performed in isolation or combination with proximal alignment have been described. To clarify the role of distal alignment for patellofemoral instability, a systematic review of the literature was conducted. Two independent reviewers accessed the following databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE and Google Scholar. A total of 1478 patients with a mean age of 22.78 years were included. The mean follow-up was 86.53 months. The average Kujala score improved from 57.66 to 82.73. The average Lysholm score improved from 63.25 to 87.87, and the average Tegner score from 3 to 4.16. VAS score improved from an average 8 to 2.56. We account a total of 46 major complications, 45 minor complications and 95 recurrences. The risk of a recurrence is 6.42%. A total of 122 additional surgeries were performed during the follow-up. This systematic review of literature suggests the importance to identify the pathological background that predisposes patients for developing patellofemoral instability and its implications for the decision-making process. The optimal treatment for patellofemoral instability should be individualized to address the specific anatomical abnormalities that contribute to patellofemoral dislocations. Distal alignments are a feasible solution to restore correct patellar biomechanics and tracking, leading to an improvement of patients' quality of life.
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Abstract
In oxide materials, the presence of dislocations often strongly affects the properties of thin film and multilayer devices. Although it was reported that ionic conduction can be enhanced by introducing dislocations in ionic conductors, the underlying mechanism of such enhancement remains unclear. Here we analyzed the ionic conduction enhancement in an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) single edge dislocation from a structural point of view, using atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). First, the atomic structure and chemistry of a dislocation in YSZ were characterized by STEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A relative ionic conduction variation map around the dislocation was then estimated based on the well-established strain-conductivity and chemistry-conductivity relationships in YSZ. We propose that a faster ionic conductivity path can be formed around the dislocation core due to the coupling of the tensile strain field and dopant segregation, which could account for enhanced ionic conductivity along dislocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- Institute of Engineering Innovation , The University of Tokyo , 2-11-16 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Institute of Engineering Innovation , The University of Tokyo , 2-11-16 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Akihito Kumamoto
- Institute of Engineering Innovation , The University of Tokyo , 2-11-16 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Naoya Shibata
- Institute of Engineering Innovation , The University of Tokyo , 2-11-16 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory , Japan Fine Ceramics Center , 2-4-1 Mutsuno , Atsuta-ku, Nagoya , Aichi 456-8587 , Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikuhara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation , The University of Tokyo , 2-11-16 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory , Japan Fine Ceramics Center , 2-4-1 Mutsuno , Atsuta-ku, Nagoya , Aichi 456-8587 , Japan
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Duparc F, Merlet MC. Prevention and management of early treatment failures in elbow injuries. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019; 105:S75-S87. [PMID: 30591417 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The appropriate management of early treatment failures in patients with elbow injuries requires the identification of the cause of failure. In this work, six types of elbow injury are considered: (i) identification of early failed reduction of a dislocation or fracture-dislocation of the elbow should lead to a repeat reduction procedure, testing for elbow instability, and ligament repair, followed by the use of a hinged external fixator to allow early mobilisation. Differentiating an isolated dislocation from a dislocation combined with a fracture of the coracoid process is crucial. Re-implantation of the coronoid process allows repair of the ligaments and restoration of stability in the sagittal plane; (ii) early secondary displacement of a distal humeral fracture after internal fixation is usually due to insufficient fixation confined to a single humeral pillar. If both humeral pillars are fractured, then both must be repaired; (iii) early treatment failure of an intra-articular distal humeral fracture in an elderly patient with bone loss warrants distal humeral hemiarthroplasty or total elbow arthroplasty; (iv) in fractures of the olecranon, treatment failures are due to insufficient fixation or to a mistaken diagnosis of trans-olecranon fracture-dislocation; (v) in fractures of the radial head, causes of early revision include excessive tilting of the head in radial neck fractures, with secondary displacement due to insufficient internal fixation, and adverse effects on the wrist of radial head resection performed without assessing the ulnar variance. In patients with radial head fractures, no treatment decisions can be made before performing an anteroposterior radiograph of the wrist; (vii) in fracture-dislocations of both the radius and ulna, accurate reduction of the ulnar fracture is a pre-requisite to proper reduction of the radio-humeral and proximal radio-ulnar joints. An early postoperative assessment, within 10 days after surgery, is of paramount importance to re-evaluate the initial treatment and, if needed, to introduce modifications. Early failure of the initial treatment of an elbow injury should lead to the prompt implementation of corrective measures: follow-up anteroposterior and lateral radiographs must be obtained on day 8 to ensure the diagnosis of initial treatment failure and to allow the institution of an appropriate management strategy; the dogma stating that the elbow should never be immobilised remains valid, and every effort should be made to ensure that mobilisation starts as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Duparc
- Chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France.
| | - Marie-Caroline Merlet
- Chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France
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Lindquist AK, Feinberg JM, Harrison RJ, Loudon JC, Newell AJ. The effects of dislocations on crystallographic twins and domain wall motion in magnetite at the Verwey transition. Earth Planets Space 2019; 71:5. [PMID: 30872945 PMCID: PMC6383955 DOI: 10.1186/s40623-018-0981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pure magnetite experiences a first-order phase transition (the Verwey transition) near 120-125 K wherein the mineral's symmetry changes from cubic to monoclinic. This transformation results in the formation of fine-scale crystallographic twins and is accompanied by a profound change in magnetic properties. The Verwey transition is critical to a variety of applications in environmental magnetism and paleomagnetism because its expression is diagnostic for the presence of stoichiometric (or nearly stoichiometric) magnetite and cycling through the Verwey transition tends to remove the majority of multidomain magnetic remanence. Internal and external stresses demonstrably affect the onset of the Verwey transition. Dislocations create localized internal stress fields and have been cited as a possible source of an altered Verwey transition in deformed samples. To further investigate this behavior, a laboratory-deformed magnetite sample was examined inside a transmission electron microscope as it was cooled through the Verwey transition. Operating the microscope in the Fresnel mode of Lorentz microscopy enabled imaging of the interactions between dislocations, magnetic domain walls, and low-temperature crystallographic twin formation during the phase transition. To relate the observed changes to more readily measurable bulk sample magnetic behavior, low-temperature magnetic measurements were also taken using SQUID magnetometry. This study allows us, for the first time, to observe the Verwey transition in a defect-rich area. Dislocations, and their associated stress fields, impede the development of monoclinic magnetite twin structures during the phase transition and increase the remanence of a magnetite sample after cooling and warming through the Verwey transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Lindquist
- Geology Department, Macalester College, 1600 Grand Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55105 USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, Institute for Rock Magnetism, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Joshua M. Feinberg
- Department of Earth Sciences, Institute for Rock Magnetism, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Richard J. Harrison
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ UK
| | - James C. Loudon
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS UK
| | - Andrew J. Newell
- Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University at Raleigh, 2800 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
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Herron AD, Coleman SP, Dang KQ, Spearot DE, Homer ER. Simulation of kinematic Kikuchi diffraction patterns from atomistic structures. MethodsX 2018; 5:1187-1203. [PMID: 30364675 PMCID: PMC6197776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the limitations of atomistic simulations is that many of the computational tools used to extract structural information from atomic trajectories provide metrics that are not directly compatible with experiments for validation. In this work, to bridge between simulation and experiment, a method is presented to produce simulated Kikuchi diffraction patterns using data from atomistic simulations, without requiring a priori specification of the crystal structure or defect periodicity. The Kikuchi pattern simulation is based on the kinematic theory of diffraction, with Kikuchi line intensities computed via a discrete structure factor calculation. Reciprocal lattice points are mapped to Kikuchi lines using a geometric projection of the reciprocal space data. This method is validated using single crystal atomistic models, and the novelty of this approach is emphasized by simulating kinematic Kikuchi diffraction patterns from an atomistic model containing a nanoscale dislocation loop. Deviations in kinematic Kikuchi line intensities are explained considering the displacement field of the dislocation loop, as is done in diffraction contrast theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Herron
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Shawn P Coleman
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA
| | - Khanh Q Dang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Douglas E Spearot
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Eric R Homer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Adamczyk K, Stokkan G, Di Sabatino M. Guidelines for establishing an etching procedure for dislocation density measurements on multicrystalline silicon samples. MethodsX 2018; 5:1178-86. [PMID: 30310771 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With multicrystalline silicon becoming the main material used for photovoltaic applications and dislocations being one of the main material limitations to better solar cell efficiency, etch pit density measurements are gaining more importance. Traditionally, etch pit density measurements are based on selective etching of silicon samples. The majority of the etchants have been developed for monocrystalline samples with known orientation, while those developed for multicrystalline samples have been less investigated and might need some optimization. In this study, we use and compare the PVScan tool, which provides a quick way to assess dislocation density on selectively etched samples, and microscope image analysis. We show how the etching methods used for dislocation density measurements can affect the results, and we suggest how to optimize the Sopori etching procedure for multicrystalline silicon samples with high dislocation densities. We also show how the Sopori etchant can be used to substitute Secco while maintaining a high precision of dislocation density measurements, but without the toxic hexavalent chromium compounds.
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Enger M, Skjaker SA, Melhuus K, Nordsletten L, Pripp AH, Moosmayer S, Brox JI. Shoulder injuries from birth to old age: A 1-year prospective study of 3031 shoulder injuries in an urban population. Injury 2018; 49:1324-9. [PMID: 29861311 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Shoulder injuries are commonly encountered in emergency departments. In spite of this, the epidemiology is only partly known, and soft tissue injuries in particular remain unclear. The aim of this study was to obtain an overview of shoulder injuries in a general population cohort, and to estimate the relative proportion of the main injury categories soft tissue injuries, fractures and dislocations, as well as their variation with age and gender. PATIENTS AND METHODS We registered prospectively all patients admitted with a suspected shoulder injury at a combined casualty and primary health care facility during one year. The facility serves all hospitals and all citizens of Oslo. The patient-reported questionnaires, electronic patient records and radiology reports were examined. RESULTS 3031 shoulder injuries were registered from May 2013 through April 2014. The median age was 37 years (range 14 days-102 years), 51 years in women and 31 years in men (p < 0.001), 60% were male. The male/female shoulder injury incidence rate ratio in the 20-34 years age group was 3.6 (95%CI, 3.0 to 4.3; p < 0.001). Contrary, the female/male rate ratio above 75 years was 2.1 (95%CI, 1.6-2.8; p < 0.001). Almost half of the injuries were soft tissue injuries, 35% were fractures and 17% were dislocations. The age-stratified incidence rates differed substantially in men and women. Fractures dominated in children up to 10 years and in adults over 60 years, soft tissue injuries in the ages between. The highest dislocation incidence rates were found in young males. A rotator cuff tear was diagnosed in 4% of the injuries. CONCLUSION Which shoulder structures that are affected by injury vary substantially with age and gender. The shoulder injury incidence rates of young men and the elderly are high. The findings are important for the understanding of the shoulder and the diagnostic process in A&Es.
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Galbiatti JA, Cardoso FL, Ferro JAS, Godoy RCG, Belluci SDOB, Palacio EP. Terrible triad of the elbow: evaluation of surgical treatment. Rev Bras Ortop 2018; 53:460-466. [PMID: 30027079 PMCID: PMC6052181 DOI: 10.1016/j.rboe.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims at analyzing retrospectively the clinical-functional and radiographic results of surgical treatment of the terrible elbow triad, with at least 12 months of postoperative follow-up evaluating elbow function. Methods A group of patients for retrospective analysis from 2004 to 2015 was defined, in which 12 patients were studied. They underwent surgery due to fracture of the radial head, coronoid fracture, and elbow dislocation; they were evaluated by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the degree of patient satisfaction, the degree of trauma energy, radiographic images, range of motion, and complications. Results There was a higher incidence of Regan and Morrey type II coronoid process fractures; in relation to the injuries, nine patients had deinsertion of the brachialis. Half of the patients suffered a fall from their own height as the mechanism of trauma. The extent of elbow flexion and extension averaged 126.6 and 24.1 degrees, respectively; the averages for pronation and supination were 64.1 and 62.0 degrees, respectively. All patients presented muscle strength of grade IV or V. The mean DASH score was 14.3, the mean pain score was 2.5, and a majority of the patients were satisfied with the treatment. Conclusion Despite the total loss of range of motion of the elbow, especially in extension, the treatment was satisfactory for most patients.
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Joaquim AF, Schroeder GD, Patel AA, Vaccaro AR. Clinical and radiological outcome of non-surgical management of thoracic and lumbar spinal fracture- dislocations - a historical analysis in the era of modern spinal surgery. J Spinal Cord Med 2018; 43:3-9. [PMID: 29781783 PMCID: PMC7006754 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2018.1474692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: It is well established that traumatic spinal dislocations (AO Type C injuries) should be surgically treated. However, no recent comparative study of surgical versus non-surgical management of type C injuries was found attesting the superiority of surgical treatment.Objective: Due to the lack of information about the natural history of non-surgical management of type C injuries, we evaluated the outcome of historical conservative treatment of type C injuries.Methods: An extensive manual search of articles was performed in the Pubmed Database. We included articles that reported the clinical and/ or the radiological outcome of non-surgical management of thoracic and/ or lumbar spinal fracture-dislocations.Results: Three well described retrospective studies where fracture-dislocations of the thoracolumbar spine were managed non-surgically were included. Non-surgical management typically consisted in postural reduction and prolonged bed rest (about 10-13 weeks on average). Residual deformity was common, and some studies reported a high rate of post treatment pain syndromes. Some studies reported surgery for gibbus deformity after conservative treatment or persistent instability requiring further bed rest. Neurological deterioration was rare, and some patients had some improvement, although the vast majority of the patients had persistent, severe neurological deficits.Conclusions: Compared with historical non-surgical care, surgery for type C injuries decreases the chances of post-operative pain, late spinal deformity and also allowed early rehabilitation, once no bed restriction is necessary. Ethical issues based on this historical analysis may preclude performing a comparative study of non-surgical versus surgical management of these injuries in the modern spine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Fernandes Joaquim
- Neurosurgery Division, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil,Correspondence to: Andrei Fernandes Joaquim, Neurosurgeon. Department of Neurology. University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, Brazil; Ph/Fax: +55 1935217489.
| | - Gregory D. Schroeder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alpesh A. Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander R. Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lopez Barrilao J, Kuhn B, Wessel E. Microstructure evolution and dislocation behaviour in high chromium, fully ferritic steels strengthened by intermetallic Laves phases. Micron 2018; 108:11-18. [PMID: 29544163 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study a stainless, high strength, ferritic (non-martensitic) steel was analysed regarding microstructure and particle evolution. The preceding hot-rolling process of the steel results in the formation of sub-grain structures, which disappear over time at high temperature. Besides that the formation of particle-free zones was observed. The pronounced formation of these zones preferentially appears close to high angle grain boundaries and is considered to be responsible for long-term material failure under creep conditions. The reasons for this are lacking particle hardening and thus a concentration and accumulation of deformation in the particle free areas close to the grain boundaries. Accordingly in-depth investigations were performed by electron microscopy to analyse dislocation behaviour and its possible effect on the mechanical response of these weak areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lopez Barrilao
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), 52428 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Bernd Kuhn
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Egbert Wessel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute for Energy and Climate Research, Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2), 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Liang WD, Ren ZL, Sheng J, Wang J, Yakefu A, Sheng WB. [Surgical treatment of intractable odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial dislocation in children with spinal cord injury]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018. [PMID: 29534386 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss the surgical treatment and its effectiveness of odontoid fracture complicated with atlantoaxial dislocation in children with spinal cord injury. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2014, 10 cases of children under 14 years old, with intractable odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial dislocation were enrolled. The mean duration between injury and admission was 8.5 d (range 1-30 d). The surgery was performed using posterior reduction and internal fixation or anterior release combined with posterior fixation. The medical date including preoperative and postoperative neurological function, degree of reduction and fusion. Results: All cases were followed-up for 12-48 months. The last follow-up X ray and CT examinations showed good reduction and fusion. No fixation failure was observed among all the patients. According to the Frankel, the preoperative neurological function was C in 2 cases, D in 4 cases, and E in 4 cases. At the last follow-up, out of 2 cases with Frankel C improved to D, and the other 8 cases were back to normal. Conclusions: Diagnosis of odontoid fracture complicated with atlantoaxial dislocation is usually delayed in children. One-stage posterior reduction and internal fixation or anterior release combined with posterior fixation is an effective and safe surgical procedure for such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830054, China
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Lin B, Chen ZD, Cai TY, Wu SS, Guo ZM. [Long-term follow-up of C(1)-C(2) pedicle screw fixation for pediatric atlantoaxial dislocation]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:422-426. [PMID: 29429252 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical curative effect of C(1)-C(2) pedicle screw fixation for pediatric atlantoaxial dislocation after a long-term follow-up. Methods: From March 2005 to April 2011, a total of 12 male and 9 female patients were included, with age from 3 to 9 years old (mean, 6.1 years old). Among them, 14 cases (67%) had typeⅠinstability atlantoaxial dislocation, 7 cases (33%) had type Ⅱ reducible atlantoaxial dislocation. All 21 pediatric patients with atlantoaxial dislocation underwent posterior pedicle screw fixations. Frankel Grade was used to evaluate function before and after treatment. Furthermore, the information of C(1)-C(2) bony fusion, cervical spine alignment, angle of sagittal curvature, and instability of the subaxial spine were collected from all patients preoperatively, immediately postoperatively and during follow-up period. Results: All 21 patients had regular follow-up with an average duration of 96.4 months (range, 65 to 127 months). All children had good bony fusion within 6 months after treatment. There were 9 patients with lordotic alignment and 12 patients with straight alignment before surgery. After surgery, there were 12 patients with lordotic alignment and 9 patients with straight alignment. At the time of the last follow-up, 17 patients had lordotic alignment and 4 patients had straight alignment. No difference was found between pre- and post-operation (P=0.354). The same result was found between post-operation and last follow-up (P=0.095). Neither kyphotic nor swan-neck deformity was found in any of the 21 patients. The mean angle of sagittal curvature decreased from 31.7°±4.3°preoperatively to 15.5°±2.5°postoperatively (P<0.001). The mean angle of sagittal curvature increased from 15.5°±2.5°postoperatively to 19.1°±2.7°at the final follow-up (P=0.343). No spinal deformities or subaxial instabilities were found. Of the four patients with preoperative neurological defects, Frankel Grade was significantly improved at 3 months follow-up compared with pretreatment values. None of the patients experienced worsening neurological symptoms or injury to the vertebral artery. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that C(1)-C(2) pedicle screw fixation could achieve satisfactory clinical effects for the management of pediatric atlantoaxial dislocation with long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, the 175th Hospital of PLA, the Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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Dunlap BE, Ruggles TJ, Fullwood DT, Jackson B, Crimp MA. Comparison of dislocation characterization by electron channeling contrast imaging and cross-correlation electron backscattered diffraction. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 184:125-133. [PMID: 28888107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the relative capabilities and limitations of electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) and cross-correlation electron backscattered diffraction (CC-EBSD) have been assessed by studying the dislocation distributions resulting from nanoindentation in body centered cubic Ta. Qualitative comparison reveals very similar dislocation distributions between the CC-EBSD mapped GNDs and the ECC imaged dislocations. Approximate dislocation densities determined from ECC images compare well to those determined by CC-EBSD. Nevertheless, close examination reveals subtle differences in the details of the distributions mapped by these two approaches. The details of the dislocation Burgers vectors and line directions determined by ECCI have been compared to those determined using CC-EBSD and reveal good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret E Dunlap
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | | | - David T Fullwood
- Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Brian Jackson
- Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Martin A Crimp
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Oveisi E, Letouzey A, De Zanet S, Lucas G, Cantoni M, Fua P, Hébert C. Stereo-vision three-dimensional reconstruction of curvilinear structures imaged with a TEM. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 184:116-124. [PMID: 28888106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Deriving accurate three-dimensional (3-D) structural information of materials at the nanometre level is often crucial for understanding their properties. Tomography in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique that provides such information. It is however demanding and sometimes inapplicable, as it requires the acquisition of multiple images within a large tilt arc and hence prolonged exposure to electrons. In some cases, prior knowledge about the structure can tremendously simplify the 3-D reconstruction if incorporated adequately. Here, a novel algorithm is presented that is able to produce a full 3-D reconstruction of curvilinear structures from stereo pair of TEM images acquired within a small tilt range that spans from only a few to tens of degrees. Reliability of the algorithm is demonstrated through reconstruction of a model 3-D object from its simulated projections, and is compared with that of conventional tomography. This method is experimentally demonstrated for the 3-D visualization of dislocation arrangements in a deformed metallic micro-pillar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
| | - Antoine Letouzey
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Sandro De Zanet
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Marco Cantoni
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Pascal Fua
- Computer Vision Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Cécile Hébert
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland; Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
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ALMEIDA THIAGOBERNARDOCARVALHODE, DOBASHI EIFFELTSUYOSHI, NISHIMI ALEXANDREYUKIO, ALMEIDA JUNIOR EDUARDOBERNARDODE, PASCARELLI LUCIANO, RODRIGUES LUCIANOMILLERREIS. ANALYSIS OF THE PATTERN AND MECHANISM OF ELBOW INJURIES RELATED TO ARMBAR-TYPE ARMLOCKS IN JIU-JITSU FIGHTERS. Acta Ortop Bras 2017; 25:209-211. [PMID: 29081707 PMCID: PMC5608741 DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220172505171198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze elbow injuries and their probable mechanism in Jiu-Jitsu fighters resulting from the armbar-type armlock. Methods: We evaluated 5 high-performance Jiu-Jitsu fighters from the Gracie Elite gym who were injured during a tournament. All were healthy males with a mean age of 28.8 years. The right arm was involved in three patients (60%). The athletes were followed for approximately 4.6 months, and pain was present in all cases. Clinical examination of the elbow was performed immediately after the injury and when magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The radiography showed no changes. Clinical examination detected specific tender points on the medial and anterior topography of the elbows, but no ligamentous instability of the elbow was seen during dynamic testing. Results: The main MRI findings were injury to the common flexor tendon and the ulnar collateral ligament, bone contusion of the distal humerus and olecranon, and joint effusion. Conclusion: The main pattern of injury indicated by the MRI in the athletes was injury to the medial elbow complex. The primary mechanism that determined the injury was most likely elbow hyperextension applied with the forearm in neutral position of forearm. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ligamentous instability of the elbow is an important pathology as it is accompanied with pronounced dysfunction. Moreover, it represents an established risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis. Posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) caused by insufficiency of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is the most common type of chronic elbow instability and is usually a sequel of traumatic elbow dislocation. Chronic overload can lead to insufficiency of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) with subsequent valgus instability, especially in overhead athletes. DIAGNOSTICS Subjective instability and recurrent elbow dislocations are not always the main symptoms but elbow instability is instead often characterized by pain and secondary joint stiffness. Many clinical tests are available yet eliciting them can be difficult and inconclusive. A "drop sign" on lateral radiographs as well as the detection of collateral ligament injuries and joint incongruity on MRI scans can support the suspected diagnosis. In some cases, instability can only be verified by diagnostic arthroscopy. TREATMENT Reconstruction of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) for treatment of PLRI generally leads to good clinical results, yet recurrent instability remains an issue and has been reported in 8 % of cases. UCL reconstruction for chronic valgus instability leads to a return-to-sports rate of about 86 % in the overhead athlete. Ulnar neuropathy, which is seen in approximately 6 % of patients, represents the most common complication. On the rare occasion of multidirectional instability, the box-loop technique can be used for simultaneous reconstruction of the LUCL and UCL with a circumferential graft. 15 cases with promising results have been reported in literature thus far.
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Abstract
Despite the established knowledge that crystal dislocations can affect a material's superconducting properties, the exact mechanism of the electron-dislocation interaction in a dislocated superconductor has long been missing. Being a type of defect, dislocations are expected to decrease a material's superconducting transition temperature (Tc) by breaking the coherence. Yet experimentally, even in isotropic type I superconductors, dislocations can either decrease, increase, or have little influence on Tc. These experimental findings have yet to be understood. Although the anisotropic pairing in dirty superconductors has explained impurity-induced Tc reduction, no quantitative agreement has been reached in the case a dislocation given its complexity. In this study, by generalizing the one-dimensional quantized dislocation field to three dimensions, we reveal that there are indeed two distinct types of electron-dislocation interactions. Besides the usual electron-dislocation potential scattering, there is another interaction driving an effective attraction between electrons that is caused by dislons, which are quantized modes of a dislocation. The role of dislocations to superconductivity is thus clarified as the competition between the classical and quantum effects, showing excellent agreement with existing experimental data. In particular, the existence of both classical and quantum effects provides a plausible explanation for the illusive origin of dislocation-induced superconductivity in semiconducting PbS/PbTe superlattice nanostructures. A quantitative criterion has been derived, in which a dislocated superconductor with low elastic moduli and small electron effective mass and in a confined environment is inclined to enhance Tc. This provides a new pathway for engineering a material's superconducting properties by using dislocations as an additional degree of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gerald D Mahan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Zhang CH, Yan BS, Xu BS, Ma XL, Yang Q, Liu Y, Song GM, Hu RM, Li P. [Study on feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery combined with mobile microendoscopic discectomy-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017. [PMID: 28648000 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.23.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with mobile microendoscopic discectomy-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MMED-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis and its influence on postoperative rehabilitation. Methods: From October 1 2014 to July 1 2016 , a cohort of 52 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis who received the program of ERAS-MMED-TLIF were retrospectively reviewed in Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital.The primary outcomes include the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, VAS score (low back pain and leg pain) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at different follow-up time and complication.The height of intervertebral space and fusion rate were also recorded as radiographic indicators. Results: All cases had an average follow-up of 12 months. The mean operative time was (115±30) min with a mean blood loss of (100±35) ml.Compared with preoperative condition, VAS score of low back pain (6.3±3.3 vs 3.5±2.3, P<0.05), VAS score of leg pain (7.1 ± 4.2 vs 3.1 ± 2.6, P<0.05) and the ODI disability index score (43.5±9.6 vs 20.9±7.3, P<0.05) at the postoperative 24 h were decreased and the difference was statistically significant.The mean hospitalized time were (4.9±1.3) days with mean postoperative hospital stay (2.1±1.2) days.Fusion rate was 92.31% (48/52) at the last follow-up time. Conclusion: ERAS combined with MMED-TLIF is feasible in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis, which can significantly reduce intraoperative bleeding, shorten the total length of stay and postoperative hospital stay, improve postoperative pain and promote rapid rehabilitation of patients after operation without increasing the operation time and influencing the long-term effect, it can be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
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