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Brillouet JM, Romieu C, Bacilieri R, Nick P, Trias-Blasi A, Maul E, Solymosi K, Teszlák P, Jiang JF, Sun L, Ortolani D, Londo JP, Gutierrez B, Prins B, Reynders M, Van Caekenberghe F, Maghradze D, Marchal C, Sultan A, Thomas JF, Scherberich D, Fulcrand H, Roumeas L, Billerach G, Salimov V, Musayev M, Ejaz Ul Islam Dar M, Peltier JB, Grisoni M. Tannin phenotyping of the Vitaceae reveals a phylogenetic linkage of epigallocatechin in berries and leaves. Ann Bot 2022; 130:159-171. [PMID: 35700109 PMCID: PMC9445598 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Condensed tannins, responsible for berry and wine astringency, may have been selected during grapevine domestication. This work examines the phylogenetic distribution of condensed tannins throughout the Vitaceae phylogenetic tree. METHODS Green berries and mature leaves of representative true-to-type members of the Vitaceae were collected before 'véraison', freeze-dried and pulverized, and condensed tannins were measured following depolymerization by nucleophilic addition of 2-mercaptoethanol to the C4 of the flavan-3-ol units in an organic acidic medium. Reaction products were separated and quantified by ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography/diode array detection/mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The original ability to incorporate epigallocatechin (EGC) into grapevine condensed tannins was lost independently in both the American and Eurasian/Asian branches of the Vitaceae, with exceptional cases of reversion to the ancestral EGC phenotype. This is particularly true in the genus Vitis, where we now find two radically distinct groups differing with respect to EGC content. While Vitis species from Asia are void of EGC, 50 % of the New World Vitis harbour EGC. Interestingly, the presence of EGC is tightly coupled with the degree of leaf margin serration. Noticeably, the rare Asian EGC-forming species are phylogenetically close to Vitis vinifera, the only remnant representative of Vitis in Eurasia. Both the wild ancestral V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris as well as the domesticated V. vinifera subsp. sativa can accumulate EGC and activate galloylation biosynthesis that compete for photoassimilates and reductive power.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Bacilieri
- INRA, Equipe DAAV, UMR AGAP (Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, SupAgro), Montpellier, France
| | - Peter Nick
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Botanical Institute, Molecular Cell Biology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Erika Maul
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Institut für Rebenzüchtung Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Teszlák
- Department of Viticulture and Technology Development, Research Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Jiang-Fu Jiang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | | | - Jason P Londo
- USDA, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Geneva, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben Gutierrez
- USDA, Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Geneva, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard Prins
- USDA, Nat’l Clonal Germplasm Rep – Tree Fruit & Nut Crops & Grapes, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Cecile Marchal
- INRA, Grapevine Biological Resources Center, Experimental Unit of Domaine de Vassal, Marseillan-plage, France
| | - Amir Sultan
- National Herbarium (Stewart Collection), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vugar Salimov
- Azerbaijani Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mirza Musayev
- Genetic Resources Institute of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
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