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Iqbal MZ, Cheng M, Su Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Li H, Zhao Y, Wen X, Zhang L, Ali A, Rong T, Tang Q. Allopolyploidization facilitates gene flow and speciation among corn, Zea perennis and Tripsacum dactyloides. Planta 2019; 249:1949-1962. [PMID: 30895446 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tripsacum dactyloides is closely related to Zea mays since Zea perennis and the MTP tri- species hybrid have four possible reproductive modes. Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.) and tetraploid perennial teosinte (Zea perennis) are well known to possess genes conferring resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses as well as adaptation to flood and aluminum toxic soils. However, plant breeders have been hampered to utilize these and other beneficial traits for maize improvement due to sterility in their hybrids. By crossing a tetraploid maize-inbred line × T. dactyloides, a female fertile hybrid was produced that was crossed with Z. perennis to yield a tri-genomic female fertile hybrid, which was backcrossed with diploid maize to produce BC1 and BC2. The tri-genomic hybrid provided a new way to transfer genetic material from both species into maize by utilizing conventional plant breeding methods. On the basis of cytogenetic observations using multi-color genomic in situ hybridization, the progenies were classified into four groups, in which chromosomes could be scaled both up and down with ease to produce material for varying breeding and genetic purposes via apomixis or sexual reproduction. In the present study, pathways were found to recover maize and to obtain specific translocations as well as a speedy recovery of the T. dactyloides-maize addition line in a second backcross generation. However, phenotypes of the recovered maize were in most cases far from maize as a result of genetic load from T. dactyloides and Z. perennis, and could not be directly used as a maize-inbred line but could serve as an intermediate material for maize improvement. A series of hybrids was produced (having varying chromosome number, constitution, and translocations) with agronomic traits from all three parental species. The present study provides an application of overcoming the initial interspecific barriers among these species. Moreover, T. dactyloides is closely related to Z. mays L. ssp. mays since Z. perennis and the MTP tri- species hybrid have four possible reproductive modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingjun Cheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuegui Su
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Maize Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiming Jiang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huaxiong Li
- Institue of Forestry and Pomology, Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Asif Ali
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Lee MS, Anderson EK, Stojšin D, McPherson MA, Baltazar B, Horak MJ, de la Fuente JM, Wu K, Crowley JH, Rayburn AL, Lee DK. Assessment of the potential for gene flow from transgenic maize (Zea mays L.) to eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.). Transgenic Res 2017; 26:501-514. [PMID: 28466411 PMCID: PMC5504203 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.) belongs to the same tribe of the Poaceae family as maize (Zea mays L.) and grows naturally in the same region where maize is commercially produced in the USA. Although no evidence exists of gene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass in nature, experimental crosses between the two species were produced using specific techniques. As part of environmental risk assessment, the possibility of transgene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass populations in nature was evaluated with the objectives: (1) to assess the seeds of eastern gamagrass populations naturally growing near commercial maize fields for the presence of a transgenic glyphosate-tolerance gene (cp4 epsps) that would indicate cross-pollination between the two species, and (2) to evaluate the possibility of interspecific hybridization between transgenic maize used as male parent and eastern gamagrass used as female parent. A total of 46,643 seeds from 54 eastern gamagrass populations collected in proximity of maize fields in Illinois, USA were planted in a field in 2014 and 2015. Emerged seedlings were treated with glyphosate herbicide and assessed for survival. An additional 48,000 seeds from the same 54 eastern gamagrass populations were tested for the presence of the cp4 epsps transgene markers using TaqMan® PCR method. The results from these trials showed that no seedlings survived the herbicide treatment and no seed indicated presence of the herbicide tolerant cp4 epsps transgene, even though these eastern gamagrass populations were exposed to glyphosate-tolerant maize pollen for years. Furthermore, no interspecific hybrid seeds were produced from 135 hand-pollination attempts involving 1529 eastern gamagrass spikelets exposed to maize pollen. Together, these results indicate that there is no evidence of gene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass in natural habitats. The outcome of this study should be taken in consideration when assessing for environmental risks regarding the consequence of gene flow from transgenic maize to its wild relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Sub Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Eric K Anderson
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Duška Stojšin
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Marc A McPherson
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Baltazar Baltazar
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Michael J Horak
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Juan Manuel de la Fuente
- Monsanto Company, Park Plaza Torre II, 504 Javier Barros Sierra Ave., Col. Santa Fe, Del. Alvaro Obregon, CP 01210, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Kunsheng Wu
- Monsanto Company, 700 Chesterfield Parkway W., St. Louis, MO, 63017, USA
| | - James H Crowley
- Monsanto Company, 700 Chesterfield Parkway W., St. Louis, MO, 63017, USA
| | - A Lane Rayburn
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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