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Zheng JS, Sharp SJ, Imamura F, Koulman A, Schulze MB, Ye Z, Griffin J, Guevara M, Huerta JM, Kröger J, Sluijs I, Agudo A, Barricarte A, Boeing H, Colorado-Yohar S, Dow C, Dorronsoro M, Dinesen PT, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Feskens EJM, Kühn T, Katzke VA, Key TJ, Khaw KT, de Magistris MS, Mancini FR, Molina-Portillo E, Nilsson PM, Olsen A, Overvad K, Palli D, Quirós JR, Rolandsson O, Ricceri F, Spijkerman AMW, Slimani N, Tagliabue G, Tjonneland A, Tumino R, van der Schouw YT, Langenberg C, Riboli E, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ. Association between plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and metabolic markers of lipid, hepatic, inflammation and glycaemic pathways in eight European countries: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-InterAct study. BMC Med 2017; 15:203. [PMID: 29145892 PMCID: PMC5691386 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that individual circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are heterogeneous in their associations with cardio-metabolic diseases, but evidence about associations of SFAs with metabolic markers of different pathogenic pathways is limited. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma phospholipid SFAs and the metabolic markers of lipid, hepatic, glycaemic and inflammation pathways. METHODS We measured nine individual plasma phospholipid SFAs and derived three SFA groups (odd-chain: C15:0 + C17:0, even-chain: C14:0 + C16:0 + C18:0, and very-long-chain: C20:0 + C22:0 + C23:0 + C24:0) in individuals from the subcohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study across eight European countries. Using linear regression in 15,919 subcohort members, adjusted for potential confounders and corrected for multiple testing, we examined cross-sectional associations of SFAs with 13 metabolic markers. Multiplicative interactions of the three SFA groups with pre-specified factors, including body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption, were tested. RESULTS Higher levels of odd-chain SFA group were associated with lower levels of major lipids (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB)) and hepatic markers (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)). Higher even-chain SFA group levels were associated with higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), TC/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglycerides, ApoB, ApoB/A1 ratio, ALT, AST, GGT and CRP, and lower levels of HDL-C and ApoA1. Very-long-chain SFA group levels showed inverse associations with triglycerides, ApoA1 and GGT, and positive associations with TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, ApoB and ApoB/A1. Associations were generally stronger at higher levels of BMI or alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Subtypes of SFAs are associated in a differential way with metabolic markers of lipid metabolism, liver function and chronic inflammation, suggesting that odd-chain SFAs are associated with lower metabolic risk and even-chain SFAs with adverse metabolic risk, whereas mixed findings were obtained for very-long-chain SFAs. The clinical and biochemical implications of these findings may vary by adiposity and alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Sheng Zheng
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Stephen J Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR BRC Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Zheng Ye
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jules Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Navarra Public Health Institute (ISPN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (ldiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Janine Kröger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ivonne Sluijs
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Navarra Public Health Institute (ISPN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (ldiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sandra Colorado-Yohar
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (ldiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Courtney Dow
- INSERM U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Pia T Dinesen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- INSERM U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul W Franks
- Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Tilman Kühn
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Andrea Katzke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- INSERM U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "Civic M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP, Ragusa, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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