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Thulasidharan A, Garg L, Tendulkar S, Ratnaparkhi GS. Age-dependent dynamics of neuronal VAPB ALS inclusions in the adult brain. Neurobiol Dis 2024:106517. [PMID: 38679111 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive and fatal disease, caused by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons within the brain and spinal cord in the ageing human. The dying neurons contain cytoplasmic inclusions linked to the onset and progression of the disease. Here, we use a Drosophila model of ALS8 (VAPP58S) to understand the modulation of these inclusions in the ageing adult brain. The adult VAPP58S fly shows progressive deterioration in motor function till its demise 25 days post-eclosion. The density of VAPP58S-positive brain inclusions is stable for 5-15 days of age. In contrast, adding a single copy of VAPWT to the VAPP58S animal leads to a large decrease in inclusion density with concomitant rescue of motor function and lifespan. ER stress, a contributing factor in disease, shows reduction with ageing for the disease model. Autophagy, rather than the Ubiquitin Proteasome system, is the dominant mechanism for aggregate clearance. We explored the ability of Drosophila Valosin-containing protein (VCP/TER94), the ALS14 locus, which is involved in cellular protein clearance, to regulate age-dependent aggregation. Contrary to expectation, TER94 overexpression increased VAPP58S punctae density, while its knockdown led to enhanced clearance. Expression of a dominant positive allele, TER94R152H, further stabilised VAPP58S puncta, cementing roles for an ALS8-ALS14 axis. Our results are explained by a mechanism where autophagy is modulated by TER94 knockdown. Our study sheds light on the complex regulatory events involved in the neuronal maintenance of ALS8 aggregates, suggesting a context-dependent switch between proteasomal and autophagy-based mechanisms as the larvae develop into an adult. A deeper understanding of the nucleation and clearance of the inclusions, which affect cellular stress and function, is essential for understanding the initiation and progression of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Thulasidharan
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Lovleen Garg
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shweta Tendulkar
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411008, India; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Girish S Ratnaparkhi
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411008, India.
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2
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Su Y, Zhao L, Lei D, Yang X. Inhibition of circ_0073932 attenuates myocardial ischemia‒reperfusion injury via miR-493-3p/ FAF1/JNK. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00900-8. [PMID: 38578382 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis play crucial roles in myocardial ischemia‒reperfusion injury (MIRI). In this study, we investigated the role of circ_0073932 in MIRI as well as its molecular mechanism. A hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cardiomyocyte model was established with H9C2 cardiomyocytes, and RT-qPCR was used to measure gene expression. We observed that circ_0073932 expression was abnormally increased in the H/R cardiomyocyte model and in blood samples from MIRI patients. Inhibition of circ_0073932 suppressed H/R-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress (ROS, LDH and MDA), and p-JNK expression. Dual luciferase reporter assays showed that circ_0073932 targeted the downregulation of miR-493-3p, and miR-493-3p targeted the downregulation of FAF1. Furthermore, si-circ_0073932, an miR-493-3p inhibitor, oe-FAF1, or si-FAF1 were transfected into H9C2 cardiomyocytes to investigate the roles of these factors in MIRI. Our results showed that compared with the H/R group, si-circ_0073932 inhibited H/R-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress (ROS, LDH and MDA), and p-JNK expression. These results were reversed by the miR-493-3p inhibitor or oe-FAF1. Finally, a rat model of MIRI was established, and si-circ_0073932 was administered. Inhibition of circ_0073932 reduced the area of myocardial infarction and decreased the levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway. Our study indicated that circ_0073932 mediates MIRI via miR-493-3p/FAF1/JNK in vivo and in vitro, revealing novel insights into the pathogenesis of MIRI and providing a new target for the clinical treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- The Outpatient Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Radiology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongli Lei
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Information Statistics Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China.
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3
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Chen CH, Lin HW, Huang MF, Chiang CW, Lee KH, Phuong NT, Cai ZY, Chang WC, Lin DY. Sumoylation of SAP130 regulates its interaction with FAF1 as well as its protein stability and transcriptional repressor function. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:2. [PMID: 38172660 PMCID: PMC10765799 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) is a multidomain protein that interacts with diverse partners to affect numerous cellular processes. Previously, we discovered two Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO)-interacting motifs (SIMs) within FAF1 that are crucial for transcriptional modulation of mineralocorticoid receptor. Recently, we identified Sin3A-associated protein 130 (SAP130), a putative sumoylated protein, as a candidate FAF1 interaction partner by yeast two-hybrid screening. However, it remained unclear whether SAP130 sumoylation might occur and functionally interact with FAF1. RESULTS In this study, we first show that SAP130 can be modified by SUMO1 at Lys residues 794, 878 and 932 both in vitro and in vivo. Mutation of these three SUMO-accepting Lys residues to Ala had no impact on SAP130 association with Sin3A or its nuclear localization, but the mutations abrogated the association of SAP130 with the FAF1. The mutations also potentiated SAP130 trans-repression activity and attenuated SAP130-mediated promotion of cell growth. Additionally, SUMO1-modified SAP130 was less stable than unmodified SAP130. Transient transfection experiments further revealed that FAF1 mitigated the trans-repression and cell proliferation-promoting functions of SAP130, and promoted SAP130 degradation by enhancing its polyubiquitination in a sumoylation-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results demonstrate that sumoylation of SAP130 regulates its biological functions and that FAF1 plays a crucial role in controlling the SUMO-dependent regulation of transcriptional activity and protein stability of SAP130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407219, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, 545301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Wei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Fang Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Wu Chiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zong-Yan Cai
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ding-Yen Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, ROC.
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Hu D, Yamada H, Yoshimura K, Ohta T, Tsuchiya K, Inoue Y, Funai K, Suda T, Iwashita Y, Watanabe T, Ogawa H, Kurono N, Shinmura K, Sugimura H. High Expression of Fas-Associated Factor 1 Indicates a Poor Prognosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9484-9500. [PMID: 37999107 PMCID: PMC10670600 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) is a death-promoting protein identified as an interaction partner of the death receptor Fas. The downregulation and mutation of FAF1 have been reported in a variety of human tumors, but there have been few studies on lung cancer. Here, we investigated the prognostic significance of FAF1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and whether aberrant FAF1 expression may be involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of NSCLC. FAF1 expression was examined in NSCLC specimens as well as human lung cancer cell lines. In addition, changes in cell viability and apoptosis upon regulating FAF1 expression were investigated in lung cancer cell lines. As a result, high FAF1 expression was significantly associated with a poor prognosis in NSCLC. In lung cancer cell lines, FAF1 downregulation hindered cell viability and tended to promote early apoptosis. In conclusion, this is the first study of the clinical significance of FAF1 in NSCLC, showing that FAF1 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis in NSCLC and that FAF1 acts as a dangerous factor rather than an apoptosis promoter in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Hu
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Hidetaka Yamada
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Katsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Tsutomu Ohta
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tokoha University, Hamamatsu 431-2102, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsuchiya
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Kazuhito Funai
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Yuji Iwashita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Respiratory Disease Center, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu 433-8558, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu 433-8558, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Nobuhito Kurono
- Department of Chemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Kazuya Shinmura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Shizuoka, Japan; (D.H.); (K.Y.); (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (K.S.)
- Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Luo Z, Qin YK, Zhao K, Nan XY, Li WW, Li EC, Wang Q. Caspar negatively regulates anti-bacterial immunity by controlling the nuclear translocation of Relish in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 136:108714. [PMID: 36990260 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Caspar, a homolog of the Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) family, contains an N-terminal ubiquitin interaction domain, a ubiquitin-like self-association domain, and a C-terminal ubiquitin regulatory domain. Caspar has been reported to be involved in the antibacterial immunity of Drosophila, which is unclear whether it is involved in the antibacterial immune process of crustaceans. In this article, we identified a Caspar gene in Eriocheir sinensis and named it EsCaspar. EsCaspar positively respond to bacterial stimulation and downregulate the expression of certain associated antimicrobial peptides by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of EsRelish. Thus, EsCaspar might be a suppressor of the immune deficiency (IMD) pathway that prevents over-activation of the immune system. Indeed, excess EsCaspar protein in crabs reduced resistance to bacterial infection. In conclusion, EsCaspar is a suppressor of the IMD pathway in crabs that plays a negative regulatory role in antimicrobial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Kai Qin
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Yu Nan
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Er-Chao Li
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Laboratory of Immunological Defense, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Fujisawa R, Polo Rivera C, Labib KPM. Multiple UBX proteins reduce the ubiquitin threshold of the mammalian p97-UFD1-NPL4 unfoldase. eLife 2022; 11:e76763. [PMID: 35920641 PMCID: PMC9377798 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The p97/Cdc48 ATPase and its ubiquitin receptors Ufd1-Npl4 are essential to unfold ubiquitylated proteins in many areas of eukaryotic cell biology. In yeast, Cdc48-Ufd1-Npl4 is controlled by a quality control mechanism, whereby substrates must be conjugated to at least five ubiquitins. Here, we show that mammalian p97-UFD1-NPL4 is governed by a complex interplay between additional p97 cofactors and the number of conjugated ubiquitins. Using reconstituted assays for the disassembly of ubiquitylated CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) helicase by human p97-UFD1-NPL4, we show that the unfoldase has a high ubiquitin threshold for substrate unfolding, which can be reduced by the UBX proteins UBXN7, FAF1, or FAF2. Our data indicate that the UBX proteins function by binding to p97-UFD1-NPL4 and stabilising productive interactions between UFD1-NPL4 and K48-linked chains of at least five ubiquitins. Stimulation by UBXN7 is dependent upon known ubiquitin-binding motifs, whereas FAF1 and FAF2 use a previously uncharacterised coiled-coil domain to reduce the ubiquitin threshold of p97-UFD1-NPL4. We show that deleting the Ubnx7 and Faf1 genes impairs CMG disassembly during S-phase and mitosis and sensitises cells to reduced ubiquitin ligase activity. These findings indicate that multiple UBX proteins are important for the efficient unfolding of ubiquitylated proteins by p97-UFD1-NPL4 in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Fujisawa
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of DundeeDundeeUnited Kingdom
| | - Cristian Polo Rivera
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of DundeeDundeeUnited Kingdom
| | - Karim PM Labib
- The MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of DundeeDundeeUnited Kingdom
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7
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Cui S, Simmons G, Vale G, Deng Y, Kim J, Kim H, Zhang R, McDonald JG, Ye J. FAF1 blocks ferroptosis by inhibiting peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2107189119. [PMID: 35467977 PMCID: PMC9169925 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107189119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron-dependent peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) leads to ferroptosis. While detoxification reactions removing lipid peroxides in phospholipids such as that catalyzed by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protect cells from ferroptosis, the mechanism through which cells prevent PUFA peroxidation was not completely understood. We previously identified Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) as a protein directly interacting with free PUFAs through its UAS domain. Here we report that this interaction is crucial to protect cells from ferroptosis. In the absence of FAF1, cultured cells became sensitive to ferroptosis upon exposure to physiological levels of PUFAs, and mice developed hepatic injury upon consuming a diet enriched in PUFA. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that FAF1 assembles a globular structure that sequesters free PUFAs into a hydrophobic core, a reaction that prevents PUFA peroxidation by limiting its access to iron. Our study suggests that peroxidation of free PUFAs contributes to ferroptosis, and FAF1 acts upstream of GPX4 to prevents initiation of ferroptosis by limiting peroxidation of free PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Cui
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Glenn Simmons
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Goncalo Vale
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Yaqin Deng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Hyeonwoo Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Ruihui Zhang
- Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jeffrey G. McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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8
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Kim BS, Song JA, Jang KH, Jang T, Jung B, Yoo SE, Lee JM, Kim E. Pharmacological Intervention Targeting FAF1 Restores Autophagic Flux for α-Synuclein Degradation in the Brain of a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:806-817. [PMID: 35230076 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein accumulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Previously, we reported that Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1), which plays a role in PD pathogenesis, potentiates α-synuclein accumulation through autophagy impairment in dopaminergic neurons. In this study, we show that KM-819, a FAF1-targeting compound, which has completed phase I clinical trials, interferes with α-synuclein accumulation in the mouse brain, as well as in human neuronal cells (SH-SY5Ys). KM-819 suppressed the accumulation of monomeric, oligomeric, and aggregated forms of α-synuclein in neuronal cells. Furthermore, KM-819 restored the turnover rate of α-synuclein in FAF1-overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells, implicating KM-819-mediated reconstitution of the α-synuclein degradative pathway. In addition, KM-819 reconstituted autophagic flux in FAF1-transfected SH-SY5Y cells, also suppressing α-synuclein-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, oral administration of KM-819 also interfered with α-synuclein accumulation in the midbrain of mice overexpressing FAF1 via an adeno-associated virus system. Consistently, KM-819 reduced α-synuclein accumulation in both the hippocampus and the midbrain of human A53T α-synuclein transgenic mice. Collectively, these data imply that KM-819 may have therapeutic potential for patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bok-Seok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jin-A Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taeik Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Bumjun Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | | | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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9
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Franz A, Valledor P, Ubieto-Capella P, Pilger D, Galarreta A, Lafarga V, Fernández-Llorente A, de la Vega-Barranco G, den Brave F, Hoppe T, Fernandez-Capetillo O, Lecona E. USP7 and VCP FAF1 define the SUMO/Ubiquitin landscape at the DNA replication fork. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109819. [PMID: 34644576 PMCID: PMC8527565 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The AAA+ ATPase VCP regulates the extraction of SUMO and ubiquitin-modified DNA replication factors from chromatin. We have previously described that active DNA synthesis is associated with a SUMO-high/ubiquitin-low environment governed by the deubiquitylase USP7. Here, we unveil a functional cooperation between USP7 and VCP in DNA replication, which is conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to mammals. The role of VCP in chromatin is defined by its cofactor FAF1, which facilitates the extraction of SUMOylated and ubiquitylated proteins that accumulate after the block of DNA replication in the absence of USP7. The inactivation of USP7 and FAF1 is synthetically lethal both in C. elegans and mammalian cells. In addition, USP7 and VCP inhibitors display synergistic toxicity supporting a functional link between deubiquitylation and extraction of chromatin-bound proteins. Our results suggest that USP7 and VCPFAF1 facilitate DNA replication by controlling the balance of SUMO/Ubiquitin-modified DNA replication factors on chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Franz
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pablo Valledor
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Ubieto-Capella
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Domenic Pilger
- The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Antonio Galarreta
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Vanesa Lafarga
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alejandro Fernández-Llorente
- Chromatin, Cancer and the Ubiquitin System lab, Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), Department of Genome Dynamics and Function, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Guillermo de la Vega-Barranco
- Chromatin, Cancer and the Ubiquitin System lab, Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), Department of Genome Dynamics and Function, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Oscar Fernandez-Capetillo
- Genomic Instability Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain; Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Emilio Lecona
- Chromatin, Cancer and the Ubiquitin System lab, Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), Department of Genome Dynamics and Function, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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10
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Gao FF, Quan JH, Choi IW, Lee YJ, Jang SG, Yuk JM, Lee YH, Cha GH. FAF1 downregulation by Toxoplasma gondii enables host IRF3 mobilization and promotes parasite growth. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9460-9472. [PMID: 34464509 PMCID: PMC8500981 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fas‐associated factor 1 (FAF1) has gained a reputation as a member of the FAS death‐inducing signalling complex. However, the role of FAF1 in the immunity response is not fully understood. Here, we report that, in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line ARPE‐19 cells, FAF1 expression level was downregulated by Toxoplasma gondii infection, and PI3K/AKT inhibitors reversed T. gondii‐induced FAF1 downregulation. In silico analysis for the FAF1 promoter sequence showed the presence of a FOXO response element (FRE), which is a conserved binding site for FOXO1 transcription factor. In accordance with the finding, FOXO1 overexpression potentiated, whereas FOXO1 depletion inhibited intracellular FAF1 expression level. We also found that FAF1 downregulation by T. gondii is correlated with enhanced IRF3 transcription activity. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway with specific inhibitors had no effect on the level of T. gondii‐induced IRF3 phosphorylation but blocked IRF3 nuclear import and ISGs transcription. These results suggest that T. gondii can downregulate host FAF1 in PI3K/AKT/FOXO1‐dependent manner, and the event is essential for IRF3 nuclear translocation to active the transcription of ISGs and thereby T. gondii proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gao
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Juan-Hua Quan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - In-Wook Choi
- Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Jae Lee
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Jang
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Yuk
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Ha Lee
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Guang-Ho Cha
- Department of Medical Science and Department of Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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11
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Sun JL, Shi JY, Yin B, Lin YS, Shi B, Jia ZL. Association analysis of SNPs in GRHL3, FAF1, and KCNJ2 with NSCPO sub-phenotypes in Han Chinese. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2204-2214. [PMID: 34255421 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) is a common congenital deformity with complex etiologies. GRHL3, FAF1, and KCNJ2 have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of NSCPO. Up till now, there have been no replication studies based on large Han Chinese. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate associations between GRHL3, FAF1, KCNJ2, and NSCPO sub-phenotypes patients in Han Chinese. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, we selected 2 SNPs based on previous literatures: FAF1 (rs3827730) and GRHL3 (rs41268753). Also, we selected 8 tagSNPs in GRHL3 (rs557811, rs609352, rs10903078, rs6659209, rs12401714, rs12568599, rs3887581, rs12024148) and 2 tagSNPs in KCNJ2 (rs75855040 and rs236514). Afterward, we evaluated these SNPs among 1668 NSCPO patients and 1811 normal controls from Han Chinese. Following data were analyzed by PLINK and Haploview program. RESULTS Association analysis under additive model showed that allele A at rs12568599 in GRHL3 gene is significantly associated with NSCPO (p = 0.0034, OR = 1.38 and 95%CI: 1.11-1.72) and its sub-phenotype incomplete cleft palate (ICP) (p = 0.0039, OR = 1.4 and 95%CI: 1.11-1.75), and it could increase the risk of both NSCPO and ICP. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly found that rs12568599 in GRHL3 is associated with NSCPO and ICP in Han Chinese, indicating that sub-phenotypes of NSCPO have different etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Song Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Jung J, Kim E, Rhee M. Kapd Is Essential for Specification of the Dopaminergic Neurogenesis in Zebrafish Embryos. Mol Cells 2021; 44:233-244. [PMID: 33820883 PMCID: PMC8112167 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To define novel networks of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis, the substantia nigra pars compacta of A53T mice, where a death-promoting protein, FAS-associated factor 1 was ectopically expressed for 2 weeks in the 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-month-old mice, and was subjected to transcriptomic analysis. Compendia of expression profiles and a hierarchical clustering heat map of differentially expressed genes associated with PD were bioinformatically generated. Transcripts level of a particular gene was fluctuated by 20, 60, and 0.75 fold in the 4-, 6-, and 8-month-old mice compared to the 2 months old. Because the gene contained Kelch domain, it was named as Kapd (Kelch-containing protein associated with PD). Biological functions of Kapd were systematically investigated in the zebrafish embryos. First, transcripts of a zebrafish homologue of Kapd, kapd were found in the floor plate of the neural tube at 10 h post fertilization (hpf), and restricted to the tegmentum, hypothalamus, and cerebellum at 24 hpf. Second, knockdown of kapd caused developmental defects of DA progenitors in the midbrain neural keel and midbrain? hindbrain boundary at 10 hpf. Third, overexpression of kapd increased transcripts level of the dopaminergic immature neuron marker, shha in the prethalamus at 16.5 hpf. Finally, developmental consequences of kapd knockdown reduced transcripts level of the markers for the immature and mature DA neurons, nkx2.2, olig2, otx2b, and th in the ventral diencephalon of the midbrain at 18 hpf. It is thus most probable that Kapd play a key role in the specification of the DA neuronal precursors in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangham Jung
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Myungchull Rhee
- Department of Life Science, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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13
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Park G, Kim BS, Kim E. A novel function of FAF1, which induces dopaminergic neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:133. [PMID: 32831099 PMCID: PMC7444258 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) has been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and activates the cell death machinery in the cytosol. However, the presence of extracellular FAF1 has not been studied. Methods Serum-free conditioned medium (CM) from FAF1-transfected SH-SY5Y cells was concentrated and analyzed by western blotting. Exosomes were isolated from CM by ultracentrifugation and analyzed by western blotting, electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Soluble FAF1 from CM was immunodepleted using anti-FAF1 antibody. Transmission of secreted FAF1 was examined by transwell assay under a confocal microscope. CM-induced cell death was determined by measuring propidium iodide (PI) uptake using a flow cytometer. Results FAF1 was secreted from SH-SY5Y cells via exocytosis and brefeldin A (BFA)-resistant secretory pathways. Furthermore, FAF1 was secreted as a vesicle-free form and a genuine exosome cargo in the lumen of exosomes. In addition, FAF1 increased the number of exosomes, suggesting a regulatory role in exosome biogenesis. Extracellular FAF1 was transmitted via endocytosis to neighboring cells, where it induced cell death through apoptotic and necrotic pathways. Conclusions This study presents a novel route by which FAF1 induces neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongrin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Bok-Seok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.
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14
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Ye MF, Lin D, Li WJ, Xu HP, Zhang J. MiR-26a-5p Serves as an Oncogenic MicroRNA in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Targeting FAF1. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7131-7142. [PMID: 32848467 PMCID: PMC7431172 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s261131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80–85% of all lung cancers, with the FAS-associated factor 1 (FAF1) acting as a tumor suppressor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can influence cancer progression by targeting oncogenes or anti-oncogenes. In this study, we aimed to reveal the influence of miR-26a-5p on the regulation of FAF1 expression and NSCLC progression, with the motivation of identifying a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment. Methods A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to check for the direct targeting of FAF1 by miR-26a-3p. The miR-26a-5p inhibitor or FAF1 shRNA plasmid was transfected into A549 and H1299 cells to modulate FAF1 expression. Then, the effect of miR-26a-5p/FAF1 on cellular functions was investigated. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability. EdU proliferation assay and cell cycle assay were performed to analyze the effect of miR-26a-5p on cell replication and cell cycle. We used annexin V-FITC and PI to stain apoptotic cells, followed by flow cytometric analysis. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to investigate metastasis. Moreover, the effect of miR-26a-5p/FAF1 on cancer progression was examined in vivo. Lastly, the underlying mechanism was uncovered using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and TOP/FOP flash assay. Results miR-26a-5p was found to directly target FAF1 and downregulate its expression. Blocking miR-26a-5p inhibited the cell growth, migration, and invasion, but promoted cell apoptosis. In addition, this inhibited the growth of tumor in mice. FAF1 knockdown reversed the functions of miR-26a-5p. Further, miR-26a-5p/FAF1 was observed to play an important role in the Wnt signaling pathway, regulating the expression of genes such as AXIN, c-Myc, and cyclin-D1. Conclusion Taken together, we show that miR-26a-5p functions as an oncogenic microRNA in NSCLC by targeting FAF1 and may serve as a potential target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fan Ye
- Department of Chest Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Jin Li
- Department of Chest Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Peng Xu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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15
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Dai T, Wu L, Wang S, Wang J, Xie F, Zhang Z, Fang X, Li J, Fang P, Li F, Jin K, Dai J, Yang B, Zhou F, van Dam H, Cai D, Huang H, Zhang L. FAF1 Regulates Antiviral Immunity by Inhibiting MAVS but Is Antagonized by Phosphorylation upon Viral Infection. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:776-790.e5. [PMID: 30472208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is an adaptor of the innate immune receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) that links recognition of viral RNA to antiviral signaling. Upon interacting with RIG-I, MAVS undergoes lysine 63-linked poly-ubiquitination by the E3 ligase TRIM31 and subsequently aggregates to activate downstream signaling effectors. We find that the scaffold protein FAF1 forms aggregates that negatively regulate MAVS. FAF1 antagonizes the poly-ubiquitination and aggregation of MAVS by competing with TRIM31 for MAVS association. FAF1 knockout mice are more resistant to RNA virus infection, and FAF1 deficiency in myeloid cells results in enhanced innate signaling and reduced viral load and morbidity in vivo. Upon virus infection, the kinase IKKɛ directly phosphorylates FAF1 at Ser556 and triggers FAF1 de-aggregation. Moreover, Ser556 phosphorylation promotes FAF1 lysosomal degradation, consequently relieving FAF1-dependent suppression of MAVS. These findings establish FAF1 as a modulator of MAVS and uncover mechanisms that regulate FAF1 to insure timely activation of antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Dai
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liming Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Feng Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengkui Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuwu Fang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pengfei Fang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fang Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ke Jin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianfeng Dai
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hans van Dam
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dachuan Cai
- Department for Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chonqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huizhe Huang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chonqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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16
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Yu C, Kim BS, Park M, Do YJ, Kong YY, Kim E. FAF1 mediates necrosis through JNK1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction leading to retinal degeneration in the ganglion cell layer upon ischemic insult. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:56. [PMID: 30200976 PMCID: PMC6131785 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant cell death induced by ischemic stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic diseases. Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1) has been identified as a death-promoting protein. This study demonstrates that FAF1 functions in death signaling triggered by ischemic insult. METHODS The expression changes of FAF1 and phophorylated JNK1 were detected by Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation was employed to investigate protein-protein interaction. We determined the cell death using flow cytometry and lactate dehydrogenase release measurement. To validate the death-promoting role of FAF1 in the retina, we generated conditional retinal FAF1 knockout mice. We used hematoxylin and eosin staining to detect retinal cell death in retinal ganglion cell layer. RESULTS FAF1 was found to function upstream of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), followed by mitochondrial dysregulation and necrotic cell death processes upon ischemic insult. We investigated whether FAF1 is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic diseases using a retinal ischemia model. Indeed, FAF1 potentiated necrosis through JNK1 activation upon ischemic stress in retinal cells demonstrating retinal ganglion-like character. Conditional FAF1 depletion attenuated JNK1 activation in the retinas of Dkk3-Cre;Faf1flox/flox mice and ameliorated death of retinal cells due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that FAF1 plays a key role in ischemic retinal damage and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of retinal ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsun Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
- MOGAM Institute for Biomedical Research, 93, 30beon-gil, Ihyeon-ro, Gilheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16924 South Korea
| | - Bok-seok Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
| | - Minyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
- BeyondBio Inc., Daejeon BioVenture Town, 1662, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
| | - Yun-Ju Do
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
| | - Young-Yun Kong
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 South Korea
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Caballero-López MJ, Nieto-Díaz M, Yunta M, Reigada D, Muñoz-Galdeano T, Del Águila Á, Navarro-Ruíz R, Pita-Thomas W, Lindholm D, Maza RM. XIAP Interacts with and Regulates the Activity of FAF1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2017; 1864:1335-48. [PMID: 28414080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell death depends on the balance between the activities of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) plays an important role in the cytoprotective process by inhibiting the caspase cascade and regulating pro-survival signaling pathways. While searching for novel interacting partners of XIAP, we identified Fas-associated factor 1 (FAF1). Contrary to XIAP, FAF1 is a pro-apoptotic factor that also regulates several signaling pathways in which XIAP is involved. However, the functional relationship between FAF1 and XIAP is unknown. Here, we describe a new interaction between XIAP and FAF1 and describe the functional implications of their opposing roles in cell death and NF-κB signaling. Our results clearly demonstrate the interaction of XIAP with FAF1 and define the specific region of the interaction. We observed that XIAP is able to block FAF1-mediated cell death by interfering with the caspase cascade and directly interferes in NF-κB pathway inhibition by FAF1. Furthermore, we show that XIAP promotes ubiquitination of FAF1. Conversely, FAF1 does not interfere with the anti-apoptotic activity of XIAP, despite binding to the BIR domains of XIAP; however, FAF1 does attenuate XIAP-mediated NF-κB activation. Altered expression of both factors has been implicated in degenerative and cancerous processes; therefore, studying the balance between XIAP and FAF1 in these pathologies will aid in the development of novel therapies.
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Rao P, Zhou Y, Ge SQ, Wang AX, Yu XW, Alzain MA, Veronica AK, Qiu J, Song MS, Zhang J, Wang H, Fang HH, Gao Q, Wang YX, Wang W. Validation of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants Identified by Genome-Wide Association Studies in Northern Han Chinese. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:ijerph13090863. [PMID: 27589775 PMCID: PMC5036696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13090863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: More than 60 genetic susceptibility loci associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been established in populations of Asian and European ancestry. Given ethnic differences and environmental factors, validation of the effects of genetic risk variants with reported associations identified by Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWASs) is essential. The study aims at evaluating the associations of T2DM with 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 19 candidate genes derived from GWASs in a northern Han Chinese population. Method: In this case-control study, 461 T2DM-diagnosed patients and 434 controls were recruited at the Jidong oil field hospital (Hebei, China) from January 2009 to October 2013. A cumulative genetic risk score (cGRS) was calculated by summation of the number of risk alleles, and a weight GRS (wGRS) was calculated as the sum of risk alleles at each locus multiplied by their effect sizes for T2DM, using the independent variants selected. Result: The allelic frequency of the “A” allele at rs17106184 (Fas-associated factor 1, FAF1) was significantly higher in the T2DM patients than that of the healthy controls (11.7% vs. 6.4%, p < 0.001). Individuals in the highestquartile of wGRS had an over three-fold increased risk for developing T2DM compared with those in the lowest quartile (odds ratio = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.92–4.88, p < 0.001) adjusted for age, sex, BMI, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The results were similar when analyzed with the cGRS. Conclusions: We confirmed the association between rs17106184 (FAF1) and T2DM in a northern Han Chinese population. The GRS calculated based on T2DM susceptibility variants may be a useful tool for predicting the T2DM susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Si-Qi Ge
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
| | - An-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xin-Wei Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
| | - Mohamed Ali Alzain
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Andrea Katherine Veronica
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Man-Shu Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Hong-Hong Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qing Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - You-Xin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
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Yoo SE, Yu C, Jung S, Kim E, Kang NS. Design and synthesis of fluorescent and biotin tagged probes for the study of molecular actions of FAF1 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1169-72. [PMID: 26810261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To study the molecular action of ischemic Fas-mediated cell death inhibitor, we prepared fluorescent-tagged and biotin-tagged probes of the potent inhibitor, KR-33494, of ischemic cell death. We used the molecular modeling technique to find the proper position for attaching those probes with minimum interference in the binding process of probes with Fas-mediated cell death target, FAF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-eun Yoo
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daehakno 99, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsun Yu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daehakno 99, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - SeoHee Jung
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daehakno 99, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daehakno 99, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Sook Kang
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daehakno 99, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Chen J, Ge L, Liu A, Yuan Y, Ye J, Zhong J, Liu L, Chen X. Identification of pathways related to FAF1/H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis through an integrated approach based on iTRAQ quantification and literature review. J Proteomics 2016; 131:163-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Ewens CA, Panico S, Kloppsteck P, McKeown C, Ebong IO, Robinson C, Zhang X, Freemont PS. The p97- FAF1 protein complex reveals a common mode of p97 adaptor binding. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12077-12084. [PMID: 24619421 PMCID: PMC4002113 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.559591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p97, also known as valosin-containing protein, is a versatile participant in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. p97 interacts with a large network of adaptor proteins to process ubiquitylated substrates in different cellular pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation and transcription factor activation. p97 and its adaptor Fas-associated factor-1 (FAF1) both have roles in the ubiquitin-proteasome system during NF-κB activation, although the mechanisms are unknown. FAF1 itself also has emerging roles in other cell-cycle pathways and displays altered expression levels in various cancer cell lines. We have performed a detailed study the p97-FAF1 interaction. We show that FAF1 binds p97 stably and in a stoichiometry of 3 to 6. Cryo-EM analysis of p97-FAF1 yielded a 17 Å reconstruction of the complex with FAF1 above the p97 ring. Characteristics of p97-FAF1 uncovered in this study reveal common features in the interactions of p97, providing mechanistic insight into how p97 mediates diverse functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Ewens
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Panico
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Kloppsteck
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ciaran McKeown
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ima-Obong Ebong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Freemont
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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